1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero 话题人物介绍 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在发给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣,并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信,词数100左右。【参考范文】Dear Jim,Its great to hear from you.I feel proud of knowing your interest in Chinese history.As for my favorite figure in Chinese history,it must be Wei Yuan,an outstanding
2、 and intelligent thinker as well as a reformer in the late Qing Dynasty.As an enthusiastic patriot,he advocated fighting against the invaders with great determination.He,in his book,Haiguo Tuzhi(Maps and Records of theWorld),introduced modern technologies and ideas to China,opening peoples eyes to t
3、he world.In fact,his passion for the unknown world inspires me to major in English in college,which now functions as a bridge between China and the world.Curious to know more?I can find you some books!Just let me know.Yours,Li Hua【话题词汇摘要】1.卓越的 _2.聪明的_3.热情的_4.最喜欢的_outstandingintelligententhusiasticfa
4、vorite5.改革家_6.思想家_7.人物_8.决心_9.对的热情 _10.对好奇_reformerthinkerfiguredeterminationhave a passion for.be curious about.【词汇句式升级】1.用非谓语动词作状语合并句_Hearing from you,I feel proud of knowing yourinterest in Chinese history.2.用条件状语从句及高级词汇合并句_If you are curious to know more,I cant wait to findyou some books.【立体记单词
5、快速识记】1._(n.)质量;品质;性质2._(adj.)吝啬的;自私的;卑鄙的3._(adj.)慷慨的;大方的4._(vt.)建立;建设qualitymeangenerousfound5._(vi.&vt.)逃脱;逃走;避开6._(n.)意见;看法;主张7._(n.)法则;原则;原理8._(n.)人类9._(n.)青年;青年时期10._(n.)亲属;亲戚escapeopinionprinciplemankindyouthrelative11._(n.)舞台;阶段;时期12._(vt.&vi.)投票;选举(n.)投票;选票;表决13._(vt.)进攻;攻击;抨击14._(adj.)积极的;活跃
6、的_(adv.)积极地_(n.)活动stagevoteattackactiveactivelyactivity15._(adj.)自私的_(adj.)无私的;忘我的16._(vt.)献身;专心于_(adj.)忠实的;深爱的17._(adj.)怀有希望的;有希望的_(n.)希望;愿望selfishselflessdevotedevotedhopefulhope18._(adj.)乐意的;自愿的_(adj.)不自愿的;不乐意的19._(vt.)教育;训练_(adj.)受过教育的;有教养的willingunwillingeducateeducated20._(adj.)和平的;平静的;安宁的_(ad
7、v.)和平地_(n.)和平;平静;和睦21._(adj.)法律的;依照法律的_(adj.)非法的,违法的22._(n.)暴力;暴行_(adj.)暴力的,猛烈的_(adv.)猛烈地peacefulpeacefullypeacelegalillegalviolenceviolentviolently23._(adj.)相等的;平等的_(n.)平等;相等 _(adv.)同样地;相等地;公平地24._(n.)报酬;奖金(vt.)酬劳;奖赏_(adj.)值得的;有益的;有回报的equalequalityequallyrewardrewarding【语境应用】用所给单词的适当形式填空If the peop
8、le all over the world want to keep _,our world will be _ and perfect.(peace)Chinese government and people fight against _ occurring in Xinjiang _.(violent)peacepeacefulviolenceviolently_,the _ scientist made _ to hisresearch and found a new treatment.(hope,selfish,devote)Hopefullyselflessdevotion.【多
9、维练短语 查缺补漏】*1._ 失业*2._事实上*3._在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中*4._求助于;致力于out of workas a matter of factin troubleturn to5._丧失勇气或信心6._上台;当权*7._建立;设立8._被判处(徒刑)lose heartcome to powerset upbe sentenced to9.blow up_10.die for_11.fight for_12.believe in_13.be hopeful about_14.beg for_15.be free from_使充气;爆炸为死去为而战信任对有希望乞求摆
10、脱【语境应用】选用上面带星号的短语填空With no one to _,he has to deal with thesituation alone.If you are _,you can get help from the others.She worked hard to _her own business.turn toin troubleset up.【超级仿句式 模仿经典】1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.(关系副词when引导定语从句)【仿写】正在我们
11、急需帮助时他来了。He came at the time _.when we were badly in need ofhelp2.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer towhom I went for advice.(“介词+关系词”引导定语从句)【仿写】你想要一位无话不谈的朋友吗?Do you want a friend _?to whom you can tell everything3.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping ou
12、r rights and progress.(see的主语为物,意为“见证,目睹”)【仿写】最近几个月油价急剧下降。_The last few months have seen the petrol price goingdown sharply.4.Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.(关系副词where引导的定语从句)【仿写】他们最小的孩子到了能说个别字词的阶段了。Their youngest child _he can say individual words.has reac
13、hed a stage where5.Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(only引导的倒装句)【仿写】被邀请了三次之后,他才来参加会议。_three times _to the meeting.Only after being asked/inviteddid he come6.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.(the firsttime用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句)【仿写】他对她一见钟情。He fell in love with her _.the
14、first time he saw her.【必考重点单词】1.devote vt.献身;专心于【思维激活 试一试】单句语法填空(2017天津高考)I feel that Ive been given a secondlife to devote _ something that is meaningful andenormous.to【知识构建 记一记】(1)devote.to.把奉献给;把专注于devote oneself to致力于;献身于(2)devoted adj.深爱的;忠诚的be devoted to专心于;致力于(3)devotion n.关爱;奉献He persuades m
15、e to be devoted to music after graduation.=He persuades me to devote myself to music after graduation.他劝我毕业后致力于音乐。Mrs White,a devoted friend of mine,devoted herself to teaching and her devotion to children made us vote for her.怀特夫人,我的一位忠实朋友,献身于教学,她对孩子们的关爱使我们选了她。【对接高考 做一做】(2018江苏高考)The Cloisters Muse
16、um and Gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art _the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages.修道院博物馆和花园是大都会艺术博物馆的一个分支,专门研究中世纪欧洲的艺术和建筑。devoted to【拓展延伸】在短语devote.to 中to为介词,其后接名词或动名词,类似短语还包括:look forward to期盼;get down to开始着手做be/get used to习惯于;be/get accustomed to 习惯于lead to 导致;pay
17、 attention to 注意;object to 反对2.escape vi.&vt.&n.逃脱;逃走;避开【思维激活 试一试】Some 150,000 rural residents in Southwest Chinas Tibet Autonomous Region _ poverty last year.位于中国西南部的西藏自治区去年约有150 000农村居民脱贫。escaped【知识构建 记一记】(1)escape(doing)sth.逃避(做)某事escape from从逃脱;逃避escape ones attention/notice 逃过某人的注意(2)a narrow e
18、scape九死一生She managed to escape from the burning car.她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。Her name escaped me.我记不起她的名字了。【误区点拨 悟一悟】(1)escape本身即为“离开”的意思,不需加away或off这样的副词。(2)escape意为“被忘记,没有被注意到”时,用sth.escape sb.结构表示,而不是用sb.escape sth.结构。【拓展延伸】escape/escape fromescape指“避免”或“逃避”某种危险或厄运,可以是有意识或无意识的行为escape from 指从具体的、实实在在的拘禁、限制
19、范围或危险的环境中“逃出”或“逃脱”3.reward vt.&n.酬劳;奖赏;报酬;奖金【思维激活 试一试】They _ the winners _gifts,such as fruitand flowers.他们奖给优胜者一些礼品,例如水果和鲜花。rewardedwith【知识构建 记一记】(1)as a reward for 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏in reward for为酬谢;作为奖励(2)reward sb.with sth.for sth.为某事而用酬谢某人He received high praise in reward for his caring about the ol
20、d.他因关心老人而获得高度赞扬。【明晰异同 辨一辨】名 词动 词reward报酬,奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏,常用搭配:reward sb.for(doing)sth.award奖品,奖金,与prize用法相似意为“授予、颁发”,常用搭配:award sb.sth.=award sth.to sb.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.In his spare time,he has always been ready to help young writers.How can we rew
21、ard his kindness?莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖。在他的业余时间,他总是乐于帮助年轻作家,我们怎样才能报答他的好意呢?【要点拾遗】1.equal adj.相等的;平等的【思维激活 试一试】A pound _ roughly _ _ 500 grams.1磅约等于500克。isequal to【知识构建 记一记】(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任(做)某事be equal in.在方面相等be equal with与平等(2)A equals B in.A在方面比得上B(3)without equal 无与伦比After a month of trai
22、ning,he became equal to the work as a transport driver.培训一个月后,他胜任了运输司机的工作。Actually,I cant equal him in strength.事实上,我不如他力气大。2.beg vi.请求;乞求【思维激活 试一试】There are people _ _ food in the streets ofLondon.伦敦街头有人在乞讨食物。begging for【知识构建 记一记】beg for 乞求/请求得到beg to do sth.请求做某事beg sb.to do sth.乞求/请求某人做某事beg sth.
23、of/from sb.=beg sb.for sth.向某人要(求)某物beg ones pardon 请再说一遍(没有听清,请求某人重复一遍的意思)I begged him to come back to England with me.我恳求他和我一起回英格兰。I beg your pardon.Is this seat taken?对不起,请问这个座位有人坐吗?【即学即练】完成句子1.The girl _(致力于)teaching after graduation.2.Due to my hard work,the boss _(奖赏我)a holiday.has been devote
24、d torewards me with3.The policeman caught the robber,who was trying to_(从警车逃脱).4.I send him a book _(为酬谢)his timelyhelp.5.He _(与不相上下)his brother in knowledge.escape from the police carin reward foris equal to6.The government _(抨击)by the press.7.I was wondering whether you could remember that name.Oh
25、,Im afraid that _(我想不起它)for the moment.was attackedit escapes me.【热考短语句式】1.turn to求助于;致力于;翻到(书的某页);查阅;转向【思维激活 试一试】写出黑体部分的含义At such a midnight,there was no one for her to turn to.()Follow the main road until it branches and then turnto the left.()求助于转向More and more people turn to computer science.()Y
26、ou shouldnt always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.()致力于,从事查阅【知识构建 记一记】turn around转身 turn away拒绝(某人)入内turn down关小;拒绝turn in 上交turn.into 把变成turn on 打开turn off关掉turn out 证明是,结果是turn over翻身,翻转turn up 出现,到达,调大by turns轮流;交替in turn依次;轮流2.as a matter of fact 事实上【思维激活 试一试】_ _ _ _ _
27、,I dont know the truth.事实上,我不知道真相。As a matter of fact【知识构建 记一记】“事实上,实际上”的多种表达法:in(actual)fact,in truth,actually,in reality,in effectHe doesnt mind.In fact,hes pleased as usual.他并不介意。事实上,他和平常一样高兴。3.Until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.一直到今天,我们还处在几乎没有任何权利的阶段。【思维激活
28、试一试】仿写句子Noise is coming to a stage _.噪音已到了我们无法忍受的地步。where we cant stand it【知识构建 记一记】当先行词是stage,case,point,position,situation等有地点含义的抽象名词,且定语从句中缺少状语时,常用where/in which 等引导定语从句。Today,well discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。You
29、reach a point where medicine cant help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。4.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次跟一个小组谈论时,心里感觉很不好受。【思维激活 试一试】仿写句子_,I knew he was my friend forlife.我第一次见到他的时候,我就知道他是我一生的朋友。The first time I saw him【知识构建 记一记】the first time用作连词,引导时间状语从句,类似的名词短语和副词还有:(1)the moment/the minute/the i
30、nstant/immediately/instantly/directly一就;(2)every time每次;each time每当;next time下次;any time任何时候;last time上次;by the time 到为止。The moment he set down a series of numbers,he lost heart.他刚刚写下一连串的数字,就灰心了。【明晰异同 辨一辨】the first time用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次”for the first time是介词短语,只能用作状语,意为“第一次”He became interested i
31、n the young teachers lesson the first time he attended his class.He was so excited in class for the first time.他第一次上这位年轻老师的课时就对课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。【对接高考 做一做】(2018全国卷)_ I went there,they were living in a small house with dogs,ducks,and other animals.我第一次去那儿时,他们和狗、鸭以及其他的动物们一起住在一所小房子里。The first time【要点拾遗】1
32、.out of work 失业【思维激活 试一试】Jim has been _ _ _ for several months.吉姆已经失业几个月了。out of work【知识构建 记一记】out of的相关短语out of breath上气不接下气 out of use没用了out of date过时了out of order出故障,次序颠倒out of control失控out of danger脱离危险out of sight看不见out of reach够不着out of place不在原来的位置out of mind心不在焉out of question不成问题的Marys cell
33、phone has been out of work for several days,which brought her a lot of inconvenience.玛丽的手机坏了好几天了,这给她带来了很多不便。He studies hard,so his getting good grades is out of question.他学习很刻苦,所以取得好成绩是不成问题的。e to power上台;执政;当权【思维激活 试一试】When Hitler _ _ _,Einstein had to leave hismotherland.希特勒上台后,爱因斯坦被迫离开了祖国。came to
34、power【知识构建 记一记】in power 当权,执政(表状态)take/seize/lose power 掌握/夺取/失去权力(政权)have the power to do sth.有权做某事within/beyond ones power在权力范围之内/外have the power of doing sth.具有做某事的能力do everything in ones power to do sth.竭尽某人的全力去做某事The government has been in power for two years.这届政府已执政两年。Ill do everything in my p
35、ower to help you.我将竭尽全力帮助你。3.in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中【思维激活 试一试】Do as youre told,or youll be _ _.叫你怎么做就怎么做,否则你会有麻烦。in trouble【知识构建 记一记】out of trouble 摆脱困境get into trouble陷入麻烦、困境look for trouble自找麻烦,自寻烦恼take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛苦地做某事have trouble(in)doing sth./with sth.做某事有困难Do you have trouble
36、(in)learning English?你学习英语有困难吗?His hunger for excitement got him into a lot of trouble.他寻求刺激的欲望给他添了许多麻烦。4.The last thirty years have seen the greatest numberof laws stopping our rights and progress.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利,阻挡了我们的进步。【思维激活 试一试】翻译句子The twentieth century saw two world wars._在20世纪发生了两次世界大战
37、。【知识构建 记一记】see在此处的主语为物,意为“见证;目睹”,是一种拟人的用法,可使语言变得生动。find,witness也有这种用法。The lonely street found him wandering alone in the evening.傍晚时分他在偏僻的大街上独自徘徊。Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。【即学即练】完成句子1.Only when I had another failure in my job-seeking_(我意识到)knowledge is val
38、uable.(realize)did I realize(that)2.I recognized her _(我一看见她).(moment)3._(致力于她的事业),she got success.(devote)the moment I saw herDevoted to her career4._(第一次)they visited the Science Museum,they showed great interest in everything theysaw.(time)5.In my opinion,you should _(保护你免患感冒).(protect)The first
39、timeprotect yourself from acold6.Were amazed at the amazing news that she _ _(被判死刑).(sentence)7.A round moon in the sky _(引发)an attack of homesickness to Li Bai and then came the poem,ATranquil Night.(set)wassentenced to deathset off.教材与语法填空根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When Elias,a poor black wor
40、ker in South Africa,first 1._(meet)Nelson Mandela,he was in a very difficult period of his life.He had to leave schoolmetbecause his family could not continue 2._(pay)the school fees and the bus fare.When he got a job,he was worried about 3._(be)out of work because he didnt have a passbook.Then Mand
41、ela,4._ offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems,told him what to do and helped him.Whento paybeingwhoMandela 5._(organize)the ANC Youth League,Elias joined it as soon as he could.At that time,black people couldnt vote 6._ choose their leaders.They couldnt get the jobs they want
42、ed and the parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.7._ the help of Mandela they chose organizedorWith8._(attack)the laws,and fought against the white people with 9._(violent).In 1963 Elias helped Mandela blow up some government buildings,10._ it was very dangerous.He was
43、 happy to help because he knew it would help them achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.to attackviolencethough.教材与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Robben Island was a frightened place where Elias spent a hardest four years of his life.There NelsonMan
44、dela begins a school for many prisoner and even the guards.Elias learned such hard that after he finished the four years in prison,he found a job in an office because of he was well educated.However,he lose the job soon because the police told his boss that he has been in prison for blowing up gover
45、nmentbuildings.Lucky for him,when Nelson Mandela came power,he gave him a job showing tourists around the old prison on Robben Island.答案:1.第一句中frightenedfrightening。2.第一句中第二个athe。3.第二句中beginsbegan。4.第二句中prisonerprisoners。5.第三句中suchso。6.第三句中of去掉。7.第四句中loselost。8.第四句中hashad。9.第五句中LuckyLuckily。10.第五句中p
46、ower前加to。.教材与话题写作 假如你是李华,参加英语演讲比赛,为大家介绍著名科学家史蒂芬霍金。Step 1 补全下列句子1.我第一次听说史蒂芬霍金时,就被他对研究工作 的奉献精神所感动。The first time I heard of Stephen Hawking,I was moved by _ the research.his devotion to2.他依靠电脑说话、读书和写字。He _ computers to speak,read and write.3.他对世界的贡献无与伦比。_ the world have no equal.depends onHis contribu
47、tions to4.他为科学作出了巨大贡献。He _ science.made great contributions toStep 2 词句优化5.增加细节,巧用only引导的倒装句提升句2_Only when he turns to the computer is it possible forhim to speak,read and write.6.用否定代词nothing提升句4_Nothing could be in reward for his great contributionsto science.Step 3 连句成篇 The first time I heard of
48、Stephen Hawking,I was moved by his devotion to the research.As for his daily life,he is in great trouble.For example,only when he turns to the computer is it possible for him to speak,read and write.However,his contributions to the world have no equal.And,in my opinion,nothing could be in reward for his great contributions to science.
