1、 上高考资源网 下精品高考试题2008全国高考新题型预测-6（英语）Chapter 6 SBI Units 11 - 12重点句型1. What do you think the music comes from? do you think 作插入语2. You want to find a good sang to dance to. 不定式作后置定语3. If only they could find a way to get to the room. If only 的用法4. He was just about to say something when Peter turned ar
2、ound. when 的用法5. What do you have in mind? 表示“心里想着某事”6. The next time you look for a tape, dont just look for Chinese or American music. 名词引导时间状语从句7. It looked as if the creature had moved. as if 的用法重点词汇1. traditional adj. 传统的2. instrument n. 工具，器械3. perform vt. / vi. 表演，执行4. characteristic n. 特点5.
3、contain vt. 包含6. intelligence n. 智力7. spread vt. / vi. 传播，伸展8. variety n. 多样性，种类9. universal adj.通用的，世界的10. record vt. / vi. / n. 记录，录音，唱片11. satisfy vt. 满足12. desire n. / vt. 心愿，期望13. emotion n. 情感14. musician n. 音乐家15. express vt. 表达16. literature n. 文学，文艺17. comedy n. 喜剧18. power n. 能力，力量19. habi
4、t n. 习惯20. whisper v. / vt./ vi. 耳语，低声说21. treat v. / n. 对待，请客22. entertain v. 使人快乐重点短语1. have much in common 有很多共同之处2. turn.into. 把变成3. a series of 一连串的，一系列的4. in trouble 在困境中5. turn around 转过身6. believe in 信任，信仰7. come across 偶然遇到8. take turns 轮流9. on the other hand 在另一方面10. make a decision做决定11.
5、make fun of 取笑12. think well of 高度评价13. be similar to与相似14. compare.with.把和比较15. make suggestions 提出建议16. the latest style 最新的式样17. make money 赚钱18. dance to 和着的节奏跳舞19. be satisfied with 对感到满意20. pick up 捡起，接收21. make a record 制作唱片22. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人短语闯关下列短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填入一个正确的词
6、，每个词5分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. _ common 共同(的)；共有(的)2. turn._ 把变成3. a _ of 一连串的；一系列；一套4. _ trouble 处于困境中；有麻烦5. come _ 偶然遇见，碰上6. believe _ 信任；信仰；支持，赞成7. turn _ 转过身；转过来8. _ a decision 作决定9. _ easy 感到舒心10. _ instruments 演奏乐器11. _ ones inner desire 满足内心的欲望12. _ an arts festival 举办艺术节13. _ th
7、e same goals 有共同的目标14. get _ 到达；做完；通过；度过；打通15. _ sb badly 虐待某人16. _. with / to 和作比较17. _ magic tricks 看魔术18. have. _ mind想到；想着19. dance _ music / a song / a tune 按音乐歌曲曲调的节拍跳舞20. a world _ 无数，大量，许多交际用语 1. Why not have another try?2. What/How about going out for a swim this Sunday afte- rnoon?3. In my
8、 opinion, you should had better wait another ten minute.4. Maybe it would be better to .5. Thats a good idea.6. Id love to, but .7. What can you suggest?8. Nothing can stop me from .9. Well, thats settled.10. Personally, I believe .词汇短语【考点2】common 的用法 搭配： the commons 普通人老百姓 out of (the) common 不寻常的，
9、特殊的 have nothing in common (with) (与)没有共同 之处【考例2】2004辽宁 In the early days of the AmericanWest, gun fights were not _ for the water resources, and laws. A. unlawful B. unacceptable C. unpopular D. uncommon考查目标本题考查 common 等派生词的用法和词义。答案与解析D uncommon 的意思是“不寻常的，不常见的”而 unlawful 的意思是“不违法的”；unacceptable“不接受
10、的”；unpopular “不受欢迎的”“不普遍的”。15. compare v. 比较，比作 拓展 comparison n. 比较 词组 compare.with 把和相比较 Compare this with that, and youll see which is better. 把这个同那个比较一下，你就会知道哪一个更好了。 链接compare.to.把比作 Life is often compared to a stage. 人生经常被比作舞台。 He compared young people to the rising sun. 他把年轻人比作正在升起的太阳。 compared
11、 to / with.(与相比)用于句首或句未 作状语 Compared to / with many others, youre really a lucky dog. 与许多其他的人相比，你确实足个幸运儿。【考点9】contain 的用法 构词：container n. 容器(箱、盆、罐、壶、桶、坛子)，集装箱 搭配： be contained between / within 含于间，(夹)在 之间 contain oneself 自制 辨析：contain；include；hold 都含“包含”、“容纳”的意思。contain 着重“其中确实包含有，侧重全部”；而include强调部分
12、内容或范围。例如：The bottle contains water. 这个瓶子里有水。Three students went there, including my English teacher.hold 指“能容纳”。例如：The house holds 20 people. 这房子能住下20人。【考例9】2005太原模拟 They also _ the veryworst parts of a society: violent crime, racial discrimination and poverty. A. maintain B. obtain C. contain D. su
13、stain考查目标 本题考查contain的意思。答案与解析 C contain的常见意思是“包含”。6. desire vt. 希望得到，U渴望，C一种强烈的欲望 We all desire happiness and health. 我们都希望得到幸福和健康。 I have long desired to meet you. 我一直渴望见到你们。 The people expressed their desire that the war (should) come to an end soon. 人们渴望战争早日结束。 Your parents always try their best
14、 to satisfy aIl your desires. 你父母总是尽力满足你所有的愿望。 词组 have desire for sth. 渴望得到 sarisfy ones desires 满足某人的欲望愿望 desire for sth. 渴望得到 desire to do sth. 渴望做 desire sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做【考点5】discover的用法构词： discoverer n. 发现者 discovery n. 发现发明的东西辨析：discover；disclose 两者比较一般的含义是“揭示出来”。discover是通用词，在表示“发现”的时候，它的内
15、涵是被探索或被揭示物早就客观存在。例如：Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. 尽管她的年代离现在已经很久远了，但是她的确很有风姿，然而至今考古学家尚不能探明她是那尊女神。disclose 表示把未宣布的事情“透露”出来。例如：She disclosed that she had been married for a month.她透露自己已经结婚一个月了。【考例5】2004北京 I
16、 continued playing football atschool and _ my love for it I joined a privateteam coached by my school coach. A. reconsidered B. rediscovered C. reformed D. replaced考查目标 本题考查discover派生词的意思。答案与解析 B rediscover的意思是“重现，再现”。【考点7】offer的用法 搭配： offer sb. sth / sth. to sb 向某人提供提出offer (sb) some money for sth
17、(向某人)出价购 买 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事辨析：offer，present这两个动词比较一般的含义为“给”。offer在现代英语中大致有三层意思：(1) 把某物拿出来给对方，对方可能接受，也可能拒绝。(2) 提出某事让对方考虑。(3) 给某人某物，基本上相当于give的含义。例如：He offered a few ideas to improve the plan. 他提出了一些改进这个计划的意见。present可以表示正式的呈递，在其他的用法中，与offer下面的第三个含义相似。例如：The servant presented sandwiches to each
18、guest. 仆人把三明治递给了每一位客人。【考例7】2004湖南 Theyve _ us 150，000for the house. Shall we take it? A. provided B. supplied C. shown D. offered考查目标 本题考查offer与其近义词之间的区别。答案与解析 D offer为“(善意的)提供”，从句意可以看出这一点。考点8】perform的用法 构词：performance n. 履行，执行，成绩性能，表演，演奏 搭配： put on / give a perform 表演 perform ones duties 尽责任【考例8】20
19、05广西模拟 The operations are _with different tools. A. preferred B. performed C. provided D. practiced考查目标 本题考查perform的词义。答案与解析B perform 除了有“表演”的意思以外，还有“操作”等别的意思。1. perform vt. / vi. 演出，表演，演奏，执行 performance n. 表演 give / put on a performance 演出；上演(节目) He also performed a part in a play. 他也在剧中扮演了一个角色。 Th
20、e five-year-old girl performed perfectly on the piano. 那个五岁的小女孩熟练地演奏钢琴。 One should always perform what he promises. 说了就应当兑现。 Which doctor performed the operation? 这个手术是哪位医生做的?【考点4】pick的用法构词：pick-pocket n. 扒手搭配： pick and steal 小偷小摸 pick out 挑出，拣出；辨别出，区别出；弄明白，领 会 (文章等的意义) pick up 拾起；(车、船)在途中搭人、带货；(未经正
21、式 介绍)结识朋友；(偶然、无意地)获得、得到、学会 (语言、技术等)；恢复健康；(从收音机里)收听到， (用雷达等)看到，听到。探测到 pick oneself up (跌倒后)再爬起来；振作精神 pick up (health) 恢复健康 pick up speed 加速 pick up with sb 结识，与交朋友辨析：choose；select；pick 这组动词都有“挑选”的意思。choose 强调在“选择”某物时的意愿，特别是当供挑选物只有两个时，我们应当用choose。例如：He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads
22、 andis fully aware of the consequences. 他故意地选择了他所过的生活并且深知其后果。有好几个东西供选择时，最好用select。因为有较多的被挑选物或挑选人就必须加以鉴别。例如：They will hardly know which facts to select from thegreat mass of evidence that steadily accumulates. 大量的史料不断聚积他们难以判断从中选择哪些史实。But, of the vertebrates, unpredictable Nature selectedonly snakes (
23、and one lizard). 但是，在脊椎动物中，神秘莫测的大自然只选择了蛇(和一种蜥蜴)。pick 在用作“挑选”时，不强凋鉴别，也不强调意愿。例如：On the village green，where you pick up sides and nofeeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible toplay simply for the fun and exercise. 在一块乡村草坪上你为双方挑选队员并不涉及地方感情问题，只有这样才可能单纯为娱乐和锻炼而赛球。【考例4】NMET 1992 _ the kettle (
24、水壶) ofboiling water, she moved quietly towards the door. A. Putting down B. Laying aside C. Picking up D. Taking away考查目标 本题考查pick up的意思。答案与解析 C pick up的常见意思是“捡起，拿起”。8. power U权力，功率，动力 powerful adj. 强大的，有力的 powerless adj. 无能的 词组 come into power 掌权 in power 掌权 beyond / out of power 不能胜任的 power plant
25、/ station 发电厂 Which Party is in power? 现在哪个党执政? The power of the governments has increased greatly over the past century. 近一个世纪以来，政府的权力大大增强了。 He turned on the power and the machine worked. 他打开电源，机器就工作了。10. record C 记录，唱片 vt. / vi. 记录下来，记载，录制 He still holds / keeps the record of the high jump. 他仍然保持着
26、跳高记录。 His records are popular with young students. 他的唱片很受青年学生的欢迎。 Her diary records all the happenings of the day. 她的日记记载着当天发生的所有事情。 The programme was recorded. 那个节目被录了下来。 词组 make records 制作唱片 write a record of 记载下 break a record 打破一项记录 set a new record 创新记录 keep a record of 记录着5. satisfy vt. 使人满意，满
27、足 satisfied adj. 满意的 satisfactory / satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意 词组】be satisfied with 对满意 be satisfied to do sth. 满意做某事 a satisfied smile / look 满意的微笑神色 a satisfying ending / result / meal 令人满意的结局结 果饭菜We must satisfy (= meet) the peoples needs /demand. 我们必须满足人民的需要。 All this information wa
28、s not enough to satisfy them. 所有这些情况都没能使他们满意。 From his satisfied look I know he is satisfied to work here. 从他满意的神情可以看出，他很满意在这里工作。 Working with her was our most satisfying activity. 和她一起工作是最使我们感到满意的活动。【考点3】satisfy的用法 构词： satisfaction n. 满意，满足；令人满意的事物；补偿报 复 (的机会) satisfactory adj. 令人满意的 (to)，圆满的，良好的 s
29、atisfying adj. 令人满足的。令人满意的 satisfied adj. 感到满意的 搭配： satisfy sb with sth 使对感到满意；使 满足于 be satisfied with 对感到满意 satisfy sb thatclause / of sth 使对感到信 服；使相信 feel satisfaction at / in对感到满意 receive / get satisfaction from 对感到满意 to sbs satisfaction = to the satisfaction of sb 令某人 满意确信 with satisfaction 满意地【
30、考例3】2000京皖春招 Nick is looking for anotherjob because he feels that nothing he does _ hisboss. A. serves B. satisfies C. promises D. supports考查目标 动词satisfy的词义。答案与解析 B satisfy 的意思是“令人满意”。本句比较复杂，nothing 是 satisfy 的主语，he does 是定语从句。4. similar adj. 相似的 similarly adv. 相类地，similarity 类似 be similar to sb. /
31、sth. in. 在与某人某物相似 We have similar tastes in music. 我们在音乐方面爱好相似。 Gold is similar in colour to brass. 金与黄铜的颜色相似。 Your views on education are similar to mine. 你的教育观点和我的相似。【考点6】sound的用法 构词：soundless adj. 无声的 搭配： in / within (the) sound of 在能听见的地方 sound in mind and limb 身体健全的【考例6】2005 宜昌模拟 It caughl him
32、right on theground without a _. A. word B. voice C. noise D. sound考查目标 本题考查 sound 和其近义词的区别。答案与解析 D sound为普通的“声音”，noise为“噪音”，voice一般用来指“人的声音”。 【考点10】spread的用法搭配： spread out 张开，伸开，铺开，扩大张，展开，伸长 spread A on / over B = spread B with A 把 A 铺敷 于B上【考例10】After a short time, the bad news had _ all over the ci
33、ty and everybody knew it. A. scattered B. spread C. covered D. announced考查目标 本题考查动词 spread 的词义。答案与解析 B spread 的词义是“蔓延；传播开采”，既是及物动词又是不及物动词。它的过去分词和过去式的变化是spread。【考点1】suggest 的用法 构词：suggestion n. C 提议，意见，暗示，微量 搭配： suggest sth to sb 向某人提议建议某事 suggest (to sb) that-clause友情提示：此句型中，suggest作第1种意思时常用虚拟 语气，作第
34、2种意思时用陈述语气。 suggest doing sth 提议 / 建议做某事 make / offer a suggestion 提议，建议【考例1】NMET 1 994 Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she_ a medical examination A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has考查目标 suggest的宾语从句特点。答案与解析 B suggest表示“建议”时，从句用虚拟语气；
35、suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，从句用陈述语气。12treattrit (1)及物动词“对待，看待，处理，视为”。treat somebody badly 虐待某人；treat somebody / something as. 把某人某物看作是。 She treats me aS her closest friend. 她把我看作是她的最亲密的朋友。 (2)及物动词“治疗”。 The doctor treated his fever with pills. 医生用药片治疗他的发烧。 (3)不及物动词“款待。” treat sb. to dinner 请某人吃饭 Whose turn is
36、it to treat next time? 下次该谁请客? (4)名词“款待，请客，乐事”。 This is my treat. 这次我请客。 Its a treat to meet you. 见到你真高兴。 拓展 treatment n. 治疗3. variety voraioti n. 多样(性)，种类，变化 He left for a variety of reasons. 他由于种种原因而离开了。 We should give variety to the programme. 我们要把节目办得丰富多彩。 拓展various adj. 各种各样的；vary v. 改变，变化牛刀小试1
37、用所给单词的适当形式填空：(spread, satisfy, contain, common, suggest, perform,pick, offer, sound)1. His face _ he was badly ill, but his uncle suggested we not send him to the hospital.2. Our chemistry teacher _ the experiment while we sat in front of her.3. We should ask the children to eat more vegetables whic
38、h _ a lot of vitamins4. We realized that all of the sheep were lost in the for- est, according to our _ knowledge.5. With the news _, all the peasants left their hometown for the beach.6. The young man was fired because everything he did in the company couldnt _ his boss.7. What the professor said _
39、 reasonable.8. They were too tired, so they waited on the side of the road, waiting for someone to _ them up.9. We waited for a long time and then were _ some coffee.【短语归类】【考点l】come构成的短语 come up with 找到，提出(答案、解决办法) come across 碰上，偶然碰上，被理解，发现 come along 进展，进步，一道来 come down 下来，降低，下降，着陆 come true 实现 co
40、me over 过来，顺便来访 come in 进来 come to oneself 苏醒，恢复知觉 come on 来吧，跟着来，赶快 come out 出来，出版，发(芽)，开花 come about 发生 come back 回来流行 come to 共计，达到，达成，恢复知觉，苏醒 come round 来，过访 come through 经历 (困难等)例句 She came up with a new idea for increasingsales. 她想出了增加销售量的新主意。It came out that hed been telling a pack of lies. 后
41、来才知道他一直在说谎。Why dont come over t0 Beidaihe for a holiday in summer? 你怎么不在夏天到北戴河来度假呢?The price of petrol is coming down thanks to the increase of production. 由于产量的增加，石油的价格在下跌。He spoke for a long time but his meaning didnt comeacross. 他讲了很长时间，但他的意思没有人真正理解。The crocuses came out late this year because of
42、 the coldweather. 因为天气寒冷，今年藏红花开得晚。It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong allalong. 她突然想到她一开始就错了。【考例l】(1996上海) We are all going to the games.Why dont you come _? A. up B. across C. along D. to考查目标 此题主要考查come构成的短语的用法。答案与解析 C come up 升起，被讨论，出现；comeacross 被理解，被传达，碰见，偶然遇到；come along 进展，进步，一道来；co
43、me to 共计，达到，达成。本句话意思是“我们要去参加比赛，你为什么不一道去?”13. come across (1) come across作“碰到”，“(偶然)发现或遇见”解。 In the course of the experiment, they canle across some new problems. 在实验过程中他们碰到一些新问题。 (2) come across 有时可作“穿过”、“越过而来”解 释。 The Eighth Route Army easily came across the enemy lines. 八路军轻易地越过了敌人的防线。 联想表示“(偶然)遇见
44、”还可用以下形式表达： run across meet with happen to meet run into meetby chance to meet2. in common 公用，共有；共同 These two houses have a COUrt in common. 这两家合用一个院子。 Hip-hot and rap have much in common with blues and rock. 希荷普和说唱(音乐)与布鲁斯和摇滚(音乐)有许多 共同之处。 In common with everyone else I hold that he is right. 同大家一样，
45、我也认为他是对的。14. in trouble意为“处于困境中，有麻烦”。介词in表示 “处于状态中”。如： A person with good manners never laughs at people when they are in trouble. 一个有礼貌的人绝不会嘲笑身处困境的人们。 He was in trouble with the customs. 他在海关那儿遇到了麻烦。 联想be a great trouble to 对来说很麻烦 ask for trouble 自找麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事困难 get into tro
46、uble 陷入困境 there be trouble (in) doing sth. (同上) make trouble 制造麻烦 take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事 save / spare trouble 省事，避免麻烦 put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻烦某人做某事 put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦7. on the other hand 另一方面的 I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying. 我想去参加聚会，但从
47、另一方面来说，我应该留下来 学习。 拓展】on (the) one hand., on the other hand., 用以引导出相互矛盾的观点 On one hand the hotel is near the sea, but on the other hand it costs a lot. 好的方面是这家旅馆靠海，可是另一方面房租太贵。 词组 by hand 手工制作的 at hand 在附近，在手头，即将发生 from hand to hand 从一人之手转到另一人之手 hand in hand 手拉手 All the work had to be done bv hand. 所有
48、的活都得用手工做。 The note Was delivered bv hand. 这封短信经由专人送交。(非经邮寄) He lives close at hand. 他住在附近。 The examination is at hand. 考试即将举行。 Buckets of water were passed from hand to hand to put the fire out. 人们一桶又一桶传递着水把火扑灭。 Dirt and disease go hand in hand. 肮脏和疾病是形影相随的。11. play music 演奏音乐 相关短语 enjoy the music 欣
49、赏音乐 read music 识乐谱 have no ear for music 无音乐鉴赏力 perform music 演奏音乐 listen to (the) music 听音乐 face the music 临危不惧9. take turns doing sth. 轮流做某事 Since we took turns driving, we didnt find the trip tiring. 由于我们轮流驾驶，所以我们并没有觉得旅途劳累。 短语 by turns 轮流地 in turn 依次地 at every turn 到处【考点2】turn构成的短语 turn on 打开，使感兴
50、趣 turn off 关掉 turn down 关小，凋低，拒绝，转入 turn around 转过身，转过来 turn.into. 把变成 turn to 开始干，求助于 turn over 转身，翻转，把某人交给，移交，营业额达 turn up 调大，出现，使某物朝上 turn out 结果是，证明是，出席 turn against 背叛例句 Mozarts music always turns me on. 莫扎特的音乐总是让我感兴趣。Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.离开房间时一定要把灯关了。I applied
51、 for the job but they turned me down because Ididnt know German. 我申请了这份工作，但是因为我不懂德语他们拒绝了我。He turned around to find a policeman eyeing him suspiciously. 他转过身发现警察在怀疑地看着他。A vast crowd turned out t0 watch the match. 大群的观众到场观看比赛。The car skidded, turned over and burst into flames. 那汽车一打滑，翻倒后起火了。【考例2】(2004
52、 浙江) We wanted to get home beforedark, but it didnt quite _ as planned. A. make OUt B. turn out C. go on D. come up考查目标 此题主要考查四个短语的用法。答案与解析 B make out 弄明白；turn oat 结果是，证明是；go on 继续进行；come up 上来，过来，来吧。本句话意思是“我们希望在天黑前到家，但是结果并不像计划的那样”。【考例3】(2004四川) The forest guards often find campfires that have not b
53、een _ completely. A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over考查目标 此题主要考查 turn 与 put 构成的短语的用法。答案与解析 B turn down关小。调低，拒绝。转入；turn over 翻转，移交，营业额达；put out 扑灭；putaway 收拾，整理，本句话意思是“森林看护人员经常发现野营的火没有完全被扑灭”。 16. turn around (同turn round) 转过身，转回身 When the teacher turned around, they began to whisper.
54、 老师一转过身去，他们就开始窃窃私语。 链接tum back 折回；翻回 turn in 上交，交回 turn away 不理；撵走 turn out 结果是；生产；出来 turn down 不接受；调小低 turn up 调大；出现；到达 turn on 开(灯等) turn off 关(灯等) turn to 转向向求助 turn.into. 把变成 turn against背叛 【考点3】含“动词 + in”的短语 believe in 相信信任，信仰 bring in 引进，引来 come in 进来 give in 让步。投降 hand in 交上来 get in 收获，进入 tak
55、e in 欺骗摄取 join in 加入，参与 take part in 参加 turn in 交上来例句 You can believe in him; hell never Iet youdown. 你可以相信他，他是不会让你失望的。The sale brought us in over $200. 这次销售使我们赚了200美元。I kept inviting Mrs. Smith to stay for lunch, and finallyshe gave in. 我不断邀请史密斯夫人留下来吃午饭，最终她让步了。We were completely taken in by his sto
56、ry. 我们完全被他的故事欺骗了。She handed in her resignation because of dissatisfaction. 因为不满她递交了辞呈。They all joined in singing the Christmas carols. 他们一起唱圣诞颂歌。【考例4】(2004湖北)We have to _ the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way. A. get away B. get across C. get through D. get in考查目标 此题主要考查 get 短语
57、。答案与解析 D get away 逃脱，离开；get across 通过，把讲清楚；get through 到达，办完，花光；get in收获，进入，抵达。再根据意思“因为暴风雨就要来了，因此我们必须尽快收割小麦”。牛刀小试21. - How did you find him out? - I _ his name by chance on the list. A. came down B. came about C. came uD D. came across2. I simply couldnt understand how it _ that you did so much work
58、 within SUCh a short time. A. came back B. came up C. came about D. came along3. A coldwind beganto blow and he _ his collar to keep out the cold. A. turned down B. turned off C. turned over D. turned up4. Her parents had had a very anxious moment but everythmg _ all right in the end. A. turned up B
59、. carried out C. turned out D. carried away5. During the break she began to sing an English song， and we all _. A. take part in B. joined C. joined in D. together 词语比较1. contain，include (1) contain: have or hold (sth.) with in itself 包含，容 纳；含有，强调内容或含量，可用于表示包括所含之 物的全部和部分。 This book contains forty int
60、eresting pictures. 这本书里有四十幅有趣的图画。 (2)include: have (sb. / sth.) as part of a whole 包括， 包含。用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。 The tour included a visit to the Science Museum. 旅游项目中包括参观科技博物馆。2. pick，pick up，pick out (1) pick vt. & vi. 采，摘；挑选 They showed us how to pick tea leaves. 他们教我们怎样采茶叶。 The students have to pick th
61、ree courses from a list of ten. 学生必须从十门课程中选修三门。 (2) pick up的含义很多，最基本的含义是“拾起”、“拿 起”，除此之外常见的还有“(在无线电里)收听到”， “(车辆等)中途搭人。中途带货”，“(偶然地，无意 地)获得(收益，知识等)，学会(语言)”等。 Please pick up aIl the pieces of paper. 请把所有的纸片都捡起来。 My radio can pick up VOA very clearly. 我的收音机收听“美国之音”很清楚。 The train stopped to pick up passen
62、gers. 火车停下来搭乘客。 He picked up some knowledge of physics. 他偶然获得了一些物理知识。 (3) pick out 意思是“挑出；选出”、“分辨” We decided to pick out the best players to join in the game. 我们决定挑出最好的选手来参加比赛。 注意 这两个短语中 up 和 out 都是副词，如果宾语 是人称代词，应该放在副词之前。 You dmpped the book on the floor; now you should pick it up. 你把书扔到地上了，现在你该把它拾
63、起来。3. because of，owing to，due to，on account of，as a (the) result of，thanks to (1) because of，owing to，on account of 意为“因为，由 于”，在句中一般作状语，可置于句首或句未。 Because of / Owing to / On account of my absence, they had to put off the classmeeting till next week. 由于我不在，他们只好将班会推迟到下个星期。 The train arrived late becaus
64、e of / owing to / on account of a heavy snow. 由于一场大雪火车来迟了。 (2) due to 意为“由于”，它引导的短语在句中一般用 作表语和定语。但在很多场合，可与 owing to 通用， 作状语，这一用法在现今英美语中也很流行，但不如 owing to那么严谨罢了。 He was injured due to (=owing to) a car accident, 他由于一起汽车事故受了伤。 His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience. 由于缺乏经验导致了他的失败。 (3)
65、as a (the) result of意为“由于的结果”，一般 用作状语。 As a result of the war the lives of many people were lost. 由于战争的缘故许多人丧了命。 (4)thanks to 这一短语介词，含有“幸亏、多亏、亏得、- Do you know bow much the room costs?你知道这房间花费多少吗?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.知道。不知道。- How much do you think the room costs?你认为这房间会花多少钱?- I think the room co
66、sts 300 dollars.我认为会花300美元。2. You want to buy a CD for your friends birthday but you are not sure what to buy. 你想为朋友的生日买一张CD，但你拿不准该买什 么。 be sure 后可接不定式及从句。如： John is sure to pass the exam. 约翰一定能通过考试。 He is sure that the party will be a success. 他确信这次聚会能获得成功。 注意 be sure 后接名词、代词、动名词时需用介词of 或about。如： Y
67、ou may be sure of his honesty. 你可以确信他是诚实的。 I think he lives at No. 23 West st., but Im not sure about the number. 我认为他住在西大街23号，但对这个号码我不能肯 定。 比较be sure to do 与 be sure of doing John is sure to pass the exam. 说话人确信约翰能通过考试。 John is sure 0f passing the exam. 约翰本人确信自己能通过考试。 提示 be not sure后常用whether / if,
68、 what, when, where 等引起从句，有时也用that。如： Im not sure whether / if he will come to see me. 我拿不准他是否会来看我。 I was not sure what I ought to do. 我拿不准该干什么。 辨析 sure 与 certain certain 一般可与sure换用，但在It is certain that. 中不用sure。如： It is certain that our team will win the game. 我们队肯定能赢得这场比赛。(不用sure)3. You want t0 fin
69、d a good song to dance to. 你想找一首好歌来伴舞。 to dance to 是不定式作定语，修饰名词song，并与 之形成动宾关系，这时的不定式应为及物性的，若动 词不及物，则应加上适当介词。如： New York is a nice place to visit.纽约是个游览的好地方。Could you find me a chair to sit on?能给我找把椅子坐吗? dance to中的to表示“伴随，按照”。如He likes to sing to the piano.他喜欢钢琴伴唱。Please add salt to taste.请按口味加盐。The
70、 map was drawn to scale.这地图是按比例绘制的。4. If only they could find a way to get to the room, behind the wall. 要是他们能找到办法到达墙后面的房间，那就好了。 if only虽然是从属连词，但它引导的从句却能单独 成句，且能表达完整的意思：要是该多好 - 种不能实现或难以实现的愿望。它相当于wish，但 语气更强。句后用句号或感叹号皆可。 表示已过去了的不能实现的愿望，常含有后悔、惋 惜之意。谓语动词应使用had done形式。 If only I had taken his advice! 要是
71、我听从了他的建议就好了! 表达现在不可实现的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去 时。 If only I could swim! 我要是会游泳该多好! 表达将来难以实现的愿望，谓语动词用would / could + 动词原形或一般过去时。 If only she would help me! 要是她能帮我就好了。 注意 if only 除以上用法外，它还相当于if，引导条 件状语从句。 If only he gets the job, it will make a great deal of difference. 要是他能得到这份工作，情况就大不一样了。 辨析 if only与only if if
72、only 多用于虚拟语气；only if 多用于陈述语气， only 修饰 if，表示惟一的条件。5. He was just about to say something when Peter turned around. 他正要说些什么，这时皮特转过身来。 be about to do sth. 正要做某事，表示该动作马上就 要进行，不能与时间状语连用。 误 He was about to leave in five minutes. 正 He would leave in five minutes. 他5分钟后离开。 when 在此表示“正在这时 / 那时，突然”(具体用法详 见Chap
73、ter 1“词汇短语”)6. It looked as if the creature had moved. 塑像好像动了。 as if / though 仿佛，好像(引导表语方式状语从句， 表示与事实相反的情况时用虚拟语气) (1) 引导表语状语从句 It looks as if it is going to rain. 看来好像要下雨了。(真的要下雨了。) (2) 引导方式状语从句 He talks as if he were / was an expert. 他说话的样子好像是个专家似的。(事实上他不是 专家。) (3) As if / though 引导的从句中若用虚拟语气，其谓 语动
74、词分别是： 表示与现在事实相反：did / were (口语中单数也用 was) when a pencil is partly in water, it looks as if it were / was broken. 表示与过去事实相反：had done He is talking as though he had been to Beijing many times. 表示与将来事实相反：could / would do He acts as if he would fly to the moon tomorrow. 精典题例( )1. One of the sides of the
75、board should be painted yellow, and _. (2000北京) A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white 【解析】选C 不能选A。white在句子中做主语的补语。The other sides should be painted white. 这是完整的句子。( )2. There are five pairs_, but Im at a loss which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C.
76、to choose D. for choosing 【解析】选B choose from从中挑选”。( )3. Look at the trouble Im in! If only I _ your advice. (2003 上海) A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow 【解析】选C If only I had followed your advice. 要是以前听你的建议就好了。虚拟语气，表过去的情况。( ) 4.- How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holiday
77、s? - I think wed better fly there. Its much more comfortable. (2004 福建) A. insist B. want Csuppose Dsuggest 【解析】 选D 这也是个混合疑问句。根据宾语从句中的谓语go可确定应填写suggest。( )5。 They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to _.(2005湖北) A. spare B. catch C. leave D. make 【解析】选A不定式作后置定语，跟所修饰的名词有动宾关系。本题只有spa
78、re才能与minutes构成动宾关系。( )6. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _ they are different from your own. (2005 湖南) A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though 【解析】选B even if即使；as though = as if仿佛，好像。( )7. _ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004北京) A. With B. B
79、esides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】选A “with + 宾语 + 宾补”常表示原因或理由。句意为：由于对两次考试担心，这个周末我不得不非常刻苦地学习。because of也表示原因，但后面不能带宾补。( )8. Quite a few people used to believe that disaster _ if a mirror was broken. (2002上海) A. was sure of striking B. was sure of having struck C. was sureto be struck D. was sure to
80、strike 【解析】选D be sure to do 表示说话人认为一定会发生某事。( )9. This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father. (2005湖北) A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out 【解析】选B pick out分辨出。( )10. What he has done is far from _. (2000 上 海) A. Satisfactory B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy 【解析】 选A far from“远远不是”，后常跟形容词短语。far from (being) satisfactory 意为“离满意还差得远”。类似的说法还有：far from perfect / pleasant / happy /finished。共23页第23页
