1、北京市西城区2020届高三英语下学期4月一模考试试题本试卷共 11 页，120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1
2、(hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2(important) of families. It aims to deepen peoples understanding of issues 3are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4(level)
3、.BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather
4、forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongko
5、u District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huaweis first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast
6、) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was late, about 10:15 p.m., when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport train station; she jumped into her Honda Odyss
7、ey and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son. Shed just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route many times before. She practically 11 on autopilot: a left onto Station Road, then a left on Montauk Highway, and thenwham! Out of nowhere a car T-boned
8、 Espositos minivan, 12 her to move backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks. She 13 in the minivan, bruised ( 撞 伤 ) but mostly just knocked out by the 14 and the airbags.As it happened, Pete DiPinto was getting ready for 15 . Hed just closed his book and was getting under the covers when he h
9、eard the sound of metal on metal and breaking glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window. A volunteer 16 and retired teacher, DiPinto, 64, never 17 to think. He grabbed a flashlight and, still dressed in his pajamas (睡衣), ran out the door. “Any firefighter would have done what I did,” he t
10、old Newsday. “Were always on 18 .”The first car he came upon, 2,000 feet from his front yard, was the one that had 19Esposito. Once DiPinto concluded the driver was OK, he looked around and 20Espositos minivan positioned on the the railroad tracks. And then he heard a terrible sound: the bells signa
11、ling an oncoming 21.“The gates were starting to come down,” he told Newsday. “I see the headlight of the train.” DiPinto ran quickly to Espositos minivan and knocked on the drivers side window. She 22 looked at him, her eyes unfocused. “I dont know where I am,” she said. She seemed unhurt. “Honey, y
12、oure on the railroad 23 ,” DiPinto shouted. “We have to get you off right now!” He pulled hard on the 24 , but the door was crashed in and 25 . The heavy diesel train, traveling at 65 miles per hour, was moving fast toward them. DiPinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the 26 . “Please, dont
13、 let her be 27 ,” he thought. He pushed aside the deflating ( 瘪 了 的 ) airbags, grabbed Espositos arms, and 28 her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and quickly get her to 29 behind a signal box a few feet away. Within six seconds, he estimated, the train crashed into t
14、he minivan. “It was like a Hollywood movie,” DiPinto told reporters the next day.But this one had a twist. “Last night,” South Country Ambulance chief Greg Miglino toldCBS New York, “the 30 arrived in pajamas, not in a fire truck.”11. A. droveB. walkedC. rodeD. hiked12. A. allowingB. forcingC. order
15、ingD. reminding13. A. satB. stoodC. hidD. waited14. A. actionB. noiseC. impactD. bomb15. A. classB. workC. dinnerD. bed16. A. doctorB. driverC. firefighterD. engineer17 A. stoppedB. troubledC. intendedD. wanted18. A. dutyB. timeC. targetD. schedule19. A. warnedB. caughtC. hitD. followed20. A. observ
16、edB. spottedC. realizedD. predicted21. A. trainB. truckC. carD. ambulance22. A. yetB. justC. stillD. even23. A. yardsB. stationsC. bridgesD. tracks24. A. beltB. keyC. bellD. handle25. A. unlockedB. jammedC. openD. gone26. A. bagB. doorC. bookD. box27. A. scaredB. ignoredC. trappedD. defeated28. A. c
17、arriedB. rushedC. guidedD. pulled29. A. returnB. workC. safetyD. life30. A. policeB. actorC. reporterD. hero第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhat it doesThe self-cleaning door handle is combining with advanced photocatalytic ( 光 催 化 ) and
18、blacklight technology. A light source activates the doors handle coating, telling it to start cleaning. It can minimize the risk of infection by contact and improve the cleanliness of a space. How it worksThe working principle of the product is that a thin advanced photocatalytic coating can effecti
19、vely decompose bacteria ( 细 菌 ) on the surface of a substance. A consistent UV light sourceinside a transparent glass door handleis required to activate the doors handle coatingon the outer surface for disinfection, so a generator is used to provide electricity to light up a UV LED lamp by the motio
20、n of an opening and closing door. Then, the door handle can clean by itself.Design processWe made the first version by using stainless steel. However, it caused the door handle to be heavier. Then, we tried aluminum, which made it light and easy to fix. We also improved the generator output which ef
21、fectively turned energy from door movement into a light source.How it is differentOur innovative design is simple, effective, and attractive. It has an elegant smooth shape, and its minimalist appearance stands out in todays world of inventions. Nowadays, people use chemical cleaning materials to cl
22、ean up public areas but it harms the human body. Our design can be used for a long time and is effective. It can self-clean after each use. In the door lock and door handle market, it is a unique design because there are no similar products.Future plansIn the future, we will commercialize the produc
23、t and hope that it can compete on the market with similar products. We are going to connect with public properties, for example, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals and public restrooms, where the risk of spreading infection is higher.AwardsIn addition to winning the James Dyson Award, it has also rec
24、eived the Gold Award, and in 2016, it was featured in the 44th International Geneva Inventions Exhibition.31. How does the self-cleaning door handle function?A. It controls the door movement automatically.B. It minimizes the risk of infection by less contact.C. Chemical cleaning materials are used t
25、o clean it up.D. The light source tells the door handle coating to clean itself.32. Compared with the first version of the product, the present one is .A. safer and cheaperB. cleaner and easierC. less heavy and more effectiveD. more attractive and expensive33. What do we know about the new invention
26、 according to the passage?A. It has been widely used in public areas.B. It has received recognition for its innovation.C. It is quite competitive among similar products.D. It will replace traditional chemical cleaning materials.BThis little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5,000 miles, to a b
27、each in Brazil, every year in order to be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but its true!71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in anisland village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks a
28、t his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wi
29、ld. However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldnt leave.“He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,” Joao recalls. “I love the penguin like its my own child and I believe the penguin loves me,” Joao told Gl
30、obo TV. “No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks (啄) them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers, and allows me to feed him.”Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: “I have never seen anything like this before. I think
31、 the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as well.”However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic
32、creatures washing up on Brazils beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiros State University, said the increase is due in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one,
33、 even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals as pets.Professor Krajewski said: “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with J
34、oao because of his kindness.”34. Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to .A. avoid being killedB. meet his rescuerC. escape from ocean currentsD. find much more fish35. When Din was found in 2011, .A. he was dyingB. he was running on the beachC. he was resting on a rockD. he was
35、 cleaning oil off his feathers36. What can we learn about Joao from the passage?A. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.B. He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.C. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.D. His kindness wins the
36、penguins trust.37. The story in the passage mainly shows .A. the environmental impact on wildlifeB. the love between humans and wildlifeC. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humansD. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankindCStore owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into
37、 their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumers brain at each point in the decision process.We consumers overspend due to the fact th
38、at we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 额皮 层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefron
39、tal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we dont actually need yet.Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and its shaped by emotion.
40、 Emotionwhether good or badenhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of
41、 memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay m
42、ore for the label because were buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much thesame, how do I know which to choose? Humans have survived as a social species, an
43、d we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases
44、. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and youll feel good about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you int
45、o that next purchase.38. From Paragraph 2, we learn that .A. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation centerB. the common consumers always act unreasonablyC. the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fearD. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing39. According to Parag
46、raph 3, which of the following can work on consumers?A. Creating a festival atmosphere.B. Following the current fashion.C. Preparing more free samples.D. Offering a bigger discount.40. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday?A. They are more reliable.B. They are a sign of social status.C.
47、They make people feel valued.D. They are favored by most people.41. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we .A. buy in the momentB. reduce our budgetC. return unnecessary productsD. make a plan in advanceDThe Impossible Burger is entirely free of meat. But it looks, smells, feels andmost impor
48、tantlytastes so much like real hamburger beef. In fact, plant-based burger alternatives have set off a strong resistance from the beef industry. The Center for Consumer Freedom, a nonprofit that advocates on behalf of the fast food and meat industries has launched an “informational” campaign targeti
49、ng plant-based meats. The campaign has included TV and online ads, as well as print ads in newspapers. The ads seem to imply that not only is an artificial burger too processed, but that it might be even less healthy than the average beef burger.While its true that a plant-based meat alternative is
50、processed and its true that eating one isnot as healthy as a pile of raw vegetables, its best to take the ads with a generous pinch of salt.For instance, the additives and preservatives in plant-based meat highlighted in one ad sure sound scary. Who wants something called titanium dioxide (二氧化钛) in
51、their meal? But the truth is that additives such as those listed in the ads are regularly used in all sorts of packaged foods. And if methylcellulose, a food thickener, sounds unpleasant, its really nothing compared with salmonella (沙门菌) poisoning you can get from regular meat.Also, the ad campaign
52、misses the bigger point. Choosing an Impossible or Beyond burgerisnt just about eating healthy. Burgers, whether they are made from processed pea protein or processed meat, will never be as healthy as organic raw vegetables.Whats appealing is the prospect of enjoying a juicy burger without the bitte
53、r aftertaste of guilt.Lets face it, there are huge environmental costs to eating cows. Cattle raising is contributing to climate change, and not just because methane ( 甲 烷 ) from cows and cattle is responsible for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas. More broadly, our global food production system release
54、s more than a third of the worlds greenhouse gases. Yet we cant seem to control our meat appetite even knowing that large areas of the Amazon forest have been ruined, and continue to be cut down to make room for more cattle to feed the growing demand for beef. Humans also know full well that many an
55、imals live short, cruel lives in awful conditions for the purpose of becoming foods for humans to enjoy at dinner.A plant-based meat that satisfies meat desires and delivers protein but with a smaller climate footprint is a potential environmental game changer and the reason Impossible Foods was one
56、 of those receiving the U.N. Global Climate Action Award in 2019. No wonder the meat industry is on guard.42. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. These ads deserve little consideration.B. We should spread the message of these ads.C. Wed better be cautious when read
57、ing these ads.D. These ads tell people a lot about plant-based burgers.43. What do we know about additives and preservatives in plant-based burgers?A. They are likely to cause poisoning.B. Their use is within the normal range.C. Some have not been used in hamburgers.D. They are used to ensure burger
58、s taste good.44. What is the authors attitude towards plant-based burgers?A. Supportive.B. Neutral.C. Disapproving.D. Doubtful.45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A. B.C.D.I: IntroductionP: PointSp: Sub-point (次要点)C: Conclusion第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文
59、后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “sta
60、nding out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of ones self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a persons body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of peopl
61、e and makes their image more complete.The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every singleperson on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identificati
62、on through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or todays mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47 Clothes ha
63、ve a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a persons life
64、, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing ones reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49 Thus, even the smallest companies make wea
65、ring a suit one of the requirements for their employees. 50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony w
66、ith the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.A. Fashion helps us realize our dreams.B. This was the moment when fashion appeared.C. Fashion and identity are inseparable companions.D. Clothing was designed to serve people in their dai
67、ly life.E. The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.F. It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.G. Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节（15 分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友 J
68、im 在做关于“中学生做家务”的调查，想了解你做家务的情况。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1） 你平时做哪些家务；2） 你对中学生做家务的看法。注意: 1.词数不少于 50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours, Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）第二节（20 分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周,你们班参加了学校的“爱科学月”板报展活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。注意： 词数不少于 60。（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）西 城 区 高 三 统 一 测 试 英语参考答案 2020.4第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分
69、） 第一节 语法填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1is held2importance3that/which4levels5recorded6in7precisely8using9will shape 10faster第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）11A12B13A14C 15D16C17A 18A19C20B21A22B 23D 24D 25B26B27C28D29C30D第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）31D32C33B34B35A36D37B38C39A40C41D42C43B44A 45D第二节（共5小
70、题；每小题2分，共10分）46B 47F 48G 49E 50C第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 （15分）一、评分原则：1本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量， 确定或调整档次，最后给分。3评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇 用法均可接受。5词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档(13分15分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了
71、交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(9分12分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第三档(4分8分)未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第四档(1分3分)未完成试题规定的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、One possible version:Dear Jim, Kn
72、owing you are conducting a survey of the housework that high school students do at home, Im writing to tell you about what I do. Although my school schedule is rather tight, I still manage to help with the housework from time to time. I will clean up after dinner. I also help with other things like
73、sweeping and dusting. Every once in a while, I will cook something for my family. So far, my spaghetti has been the most delicious dish. I think high school students should do some housework. For one thing, by doing housework we learn to take responsibility at home, and in the longer term, in societ
74、y. For another, I find the time spent doing housework with my parents really fun and rewarding; we chat with each other and sometimes even sing together. Doing housework can be a great break from my busy school work.Good luck with your survey.Yours, Li Hua第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的
75、内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5. 词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。二、内容要点： 1. 讨论2. 准备3. 制作4. 展示三、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档(18分20分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较强的语言运用 能力；有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连
76、贯、结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档(15分17分)完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了所有内容要点；运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档(12分14分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖了内容要点；运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第四档(6分11分)未恰当完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未描述清楚主要内容；所用句式和词汇有限；语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。第五档(1分5分
77、)未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏内容要点；句式单调、词汇贫乏；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。0分未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。四、One possible version:Last month, our class participated in the school poster exhibition with the topic “We Love Science”. We had a memorable experience working together. Having been informed of the activity, we put forwa
78、rd ideas as to the contents of the poster. After a brief discussion, we agreed on the subjects of AI and 5G, since they are the hottest topics of the advanced technologies.No time was wasted in our preparation. We first went to the school library to research the history and development of the two fi
79、elds. When realizing that the library couldnt provide us with enough information about cutting-edge technologies, we turned to our teacher for help, who proved to be a valuable resource and gave us lots of practical advice.With the material collected, we got down to making our poster. Each of us had
80、 been assigned different tasks, to which we devoted all our effort. We designed, wrote and painted. I even framed the poster to make it more eye-catching. On the day of the exhibition, our elaborately designed poster attracted much attention. The students gathered in front of our poster, appreciating our work. Filled with pride, we are looking forward to the next activity.
