1、Unit 5 Into the unknownStarting out & Understanding ideas. 单句语法填空1. The ancient civilizations (civilization)of Central and Latin America were founded upon corn. 2. The more I got to know him, the more he intrigued (intrigue)me. 3. I was looking for my handbag, which was buried (bury)under a pile of
2、old newspapers. 4. They built the pyramids (pyramid)and turned their kings into mummies. 5. Canals(canal) have been built to take water to the desert. 6. You must grow these tropical (tropic)flowers in a glasshouse. 7. In the Pacific such storms are called cyclones(cyclone), but in the Atlantic are
3、typically called hurricanes. 8. Acknowledge your successes along with your downfalls( downfall). 9. He was abandoned(abandon)by his father when he was three months old. 10. If you dont concentrate more on your work, youll be dismissed(dismiss). . 选词填空correspond to; be based on; at ones peak; fall in
4、to ruin; lead to ; deal with1. In this firm, the manager corresponds to the general in the army. 2. This kind of discussion will certainly lead to still greater differences between the two parties. 3. Their numerical system, derived from the Babylonians, was based on multiples of the number six. 4.
5、It is becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problems of traffic in big cities. 5. At her peak, Houston was the golden girl of the music world. 6. A large number of churches fell into ruin after revolution. . 翻译句子1. 由于埋头工作, 他没有注意到时间已经很晚了。(过去分词作状语)Buried in working, he didnt notice it was t
6、oo late. 2. 他会不会讲法语并不重要。(It doesnt matter句型)It doesnt matter whether he can speak French or not. 3. 在老师的帮助下, 他的英语进步很大。(with复合结构)His English has improved a lot with his teacher helping him. 4. 你听说他在比赛中获得一等奖的消息了吗? (同位语从句)Have you heard the news that he got the first prize in the competition? 5. 很可能她已经
7、到达了目的地。(it is likely that从句)It is likely that she has reached the destination. . 阅读理解A(2021哈尔滨高二检测)The Mayan Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years. The Maya were so bright that they achieved a lot. They had farms, temples and cities with many buildings. They knew much about nature and the w
8、orld around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time. In ancient Mexico there were many small clearings in the forest. In each clearing was a village with fields of crops around it. The Maya planted seeds after they cleared the land. A farmer was able to g
9、row crops that produced for several people. But not every Maya had to be a farmer. Some were builders or priests (祭司). The Maya believed in many gods. They built large temples to honor them. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult because they had to carry all of the bui
10、lding materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing. Although the Maya worked hard to build the beautiful cities, very few of them lived in them. Usually, only the priests lived in the cities. The other people lived in small villages in the forests. T
11、heir houses were much simpler. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature. Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never to return. No one knows why this happened. They may have died from a deadly disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow cr
12、ops. The lost secrets of the Maya are still beyond the reach of modern people. They are still one of our greatest mysteries. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍神秘的玛雅人的生活、信仰等, 从而说明玛雅人的神秘。1. The Maya lived better than most people of their times because _. A. they had skillful workersB. they believed in many godsC. they knew
13、 better about natureD. they could measure time correctly【解析】选C。细节理解题。由“They knew much about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time. ”可知他们知道很多关于自然和周围的世界的知识。这些知识帮助他们过上比当时大多数人更好的生活。故选C。2. It can be inferred from the passage that
14、_. A. the priests were not highly respected by the ancient MayaB. the ancient Mayan cities and temples were well builtC. the ancient Mayan people led a happy life in the citiesD. the ancient Mayan people died from a serious disease【解析】选B。细节理解题。由“Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples
15、are still standing. ”今天, 许多这些古老的玛雅城市和寺庙仍然屹立。可知古玛雅的城市和寺庙很坚固, 建造得非常好。B符合语境。故选B。3. The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refers to _. A. the Mayan peopleB. the Mayan villagesC. the Mayan citiesD. the lost secrets of the Maya【解析】选D。词义猜测题。“The lost secrets of the Maya are still beyond the reac
16、h of modern people. They are still one of our greatest mysteries. ”玛雅人失踪的秘密至今仍不为现代人所知。这些秘密仍然是我们最大的奥秘之一。They指的是前一句玛雅人失踪之谜。D符合语境, 故选D。4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. The Cities of the MayaB. The Belief of the MayaC. The MayaD. The Buildings of the Maya【解析】选C。主旨大意
17、题。通读全文可知本文分别介绍玛雅人的生活、城市、信仰等都只是介绍了玛雅人的一方面, 故选C。B(2021西安高二检测)The ruins of a Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR. This lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna, but shows that these famous areas are a small part of this lost urb
18、an network. Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve site, more than 60, 000 human-made featureshomes, canals, highways, and more have been identified in aerial images collected by some international researchers headed by the PAGUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage org
19、anization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire. These ancient peoples obviously created these imaginative cultures based on their known relics (遗迹), but the new research has suggested that the size of this lost society is far beyond what experts imagined. The
20、 findings will be explored in a one-hour documentary called Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings, to be broadcast on the National Geographic Channel. This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey lands in 3D by bouncing pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles an
21、d others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archeological(考古的)sites, as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has made many discoveries become a reality in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Be
22、lize can explain what it did. The final goal is to survey Guatemalas lowlands with it. “There are entire cities we didnt know about now showing up in the survey data, ” Francisco Estrada-Belli, one of the lead archeologists on the project, said in Nat Geos coming documentary. “There are 20, 000 squa
23、re kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities about the mysterious people who built this urban network there that we dont know about, and we will push back the frontiers with the technology, ” he added. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在遥感技术激光雷达的帮助下, 在危地马拉发现了一座玛雅城市的废墟, 新的研究表明这个失落的
24、社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象, 还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索。5. What does the underlined word “Those” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Jungles. B. Human-made features. C. Researchers. D. Aerial images. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第二段“隐藏在玛雅生物圈保护区的丛林之下, 由帕格纳姆基金会(一个玛雅文化和自然遗产组织)领导的一些国际研究人员收集的航拍图像中发现了6万多处人类活动场所房屋、运河、公路等。”可知, 代词those指的是人造景观, 包括房屋、运河、
25、公路等, 故Those指Human-made features。故选B。6. What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 4? A. The working principle of LiDAR sensors. B. The process of researching Maya civilization. C. Great importance of Guatemalans lowlands. D. LiDARs contribution to discovering the relics. 【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第四段“这一突
26、破之所以成为可能, 是因为激光雷达传感器, 它可以通过无人机和其他设备发射的脉冲从地面反弹, 以3D方式测量地面近年来, 这项技术的许多发现已成为现实。可知, 本段主要介绍了LiDAR技术在发现遗址方面起到的重大作用, 旨在突出这一技术的贡献和重要性。故选D。7. Which words can best describe the lost Maya city? A. Small and hidden. B. Famous and high-tech. C. Vast and complex. D. Fully-explored and imaginative. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据
27、第一段“这个失落的城市包围着像蒂卡尔、霍尔木尔和威茨纳这样的地方, 但也表明这些著名的地区只是这个失落的城市网格的一小部分”, 第三段“但新的研究表明, 这个失落的社会的规模远远超出了专家的想象”; 以及最后一段“还有2万平方千米的土地有待探索, 将会有数百个城市, 神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络。”可判断, 玛雅城是广袤的; 根据第二段中Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya Empire. 这些让专家们重新思考玛雅帝国的轮廓和复杂性。可判断出, 玛雅城是复杂的。因此, 玛雅城是广袤和
28、复杂的。故选C。8. What will the archeologists do next? A. Continue to explore the unknown. B. Upgrade the LiDAR technology. C. Study the documentary carefully. D. Build a massive urban network. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“还有2万平方公里的土地有待探索, 将会有数百个城市; 神秘人在那里建立了我们不知道的城市网络, 我们将利用这一技术开拓新的领域。”由此判断出, 这些考古学家们将继续利用这一技术开拓新的领
29、域, 探索未知的地方。故选A。. 阅读填句(2021太原高二检测)Different CulturesThe cultures of the East and the West really distinguish themselves from each other a lot. 1. The origin of the Eastern culture is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers the Yellow River in China
30、 and the Indus River in India. 2When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian plain(美索不达米亚平原)the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Rome and Ancient Greek. 3 Like the C
31、hinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt distinguish itself from the European culture a lot. 4 Take the language system for example. In the East, most langu
32、ages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race differences count as well. But whats more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom communicate until rece
33、nt centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference(干预)from the other. The differences are everywhere. 5 But different cultures make the world in the 21st century more varied. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to
34、 be the motivation for our going farther. A. Let us work together to keep a variety of cultures. B. One important thing is to learn about the others culture. C. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture. D. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the wh
35、ole. E. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles. F. They are obvious and affect peoples ways of thinking and their views of the world. G. At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. 【文章大意】本文介绍了东西方文化的起源和发展, 以及它们之间的差异。1. 【解析】选D。考查过渡句。上
36、文说东西方文化真的有很大不同, D项说明了原因, 符合语境。故选D项。2. 【解析】选E。考查承上启下句。根据“Both of the two cultures are developed by riversthe Yellow River in China and the Indus River in India”可知, 中国的母亲河是黄河, 而印度的母亲河则是印度河。E项与上句为承接关系, 其中They指代的是黄河和印度河。故选E项。3. 【解析】选C。考查承上启下句。C项中的these two与上文中提到的古罗马文化和古希腊文化相对应。故选C项。4. 【解析】选G。考查主旨句。空处为本段
37、段首句。空后内容讲述的是东西方文化采用了不同的语言体系。这是两种文化的又一不同之处。综合选项可知, G项符合语境, 引出下文。5. 【解析】选F。考查承上启下句。根据上一句“The differences are everywhere”可知, 本句应进一步论述它们的影响。分析选项可知, F项符合语境。完形填空(2021乌鲁木齐高二检测)Nine 1700-year-old brick tombs have been discovered in northwest Chinas Xinjiang. Experts say that they can1valuable clues for the
38、research of exchanges(交换; 交流) between the central Chinese government at that time and2Western Regions. It is the3time ancient tombs with typical characteristics of Chinas main Han nationality have been found in the Uygur ethnic region. 4from Beijing, Shanxi and Xinjiang concluded that the tombs were
39、5between the middle and late third century and fourth century. The tombs were unearthed during the6of a road earlier this year in Kuqa county, 740 km from Xinjiangs capital Urumqi and part of the7Qiuci State. Qiuci State, which8between the second century BC and 860 AD, was one of the 36 states in th
40、e Western Regions. The tombs would help archaeologists with research into the political, economic and cultural9between the Central Plains government and states in the west, and on the cultural10of the Central Plains on the Western Regions. Archaeologists from the Xinjiang institute have dug nine tom
41、bs since August 22, 11bodies of more than 30 people, some ancient12and more than 60 pottery(陶器) jars. It is thought there are another three tombs to be13. The people buried in the tombs were14either people from the western regions deeply influenced by the Han culture or the Han residents(居民)in the 1
42、5. 【文章大意】在中国西北部的新疆发现了9座1 700年历史的砖砌墓葬, 这些墓葬可以为研究当时的中央政府与遥远的西部地区的交往提供有价值的线索。1. A. tell B. provideC. showD. represent【解析】选B。古墓的挖掘能为研究“提供”线索, 而不是“告知、展示、代表”线索。2. A. nearbyB. middleC. farawayD. few【解析】选C。当时的中央政府the central Chinese government 相对西部地区Western Regions从距离上看是faraway, 因为当时的交通等原因。3. A. secondB. la
43、stC. firstD. near【解析】选C。前文没有交代任何有类似的发现, 所以是the first。4. A. ScientistsB. PeopleC. OfficialsD. Archaeologists【解析】选D。能对该发现做出总结的应该是“考古学家archaeologists”。5. A. builtB. foundC. buriedD. studied【解析】选A。从后面的时间推断这里说的是古墓“建造”的时间。6. A. constructionB. destructionC. diggingD. repair【解析】选A。能发现古墓, 这地方应该是第一次被挖掘, 因此应该是
44、“建路”时被挖掘。故选A。7. A. ancientB. bigC. farD. near【解析】选A。根据后句句意: Qiuci State, 存在于公元前2世纪到公元860年期间, 是西部36州之一。来看, Quici State应该是古代才存在的地名。8. A. appearedB. disappearedC. liesD. existed【解析】选D。根据后面的时间状语, 以及one of the 36 states来看, 这里是介绍Qiuci State的存在的时间。exist存在。9. A. exchangesB. businessesC. developmentD. studie
45、s【解析】选A。本文一开始已经说明该古墓的挖掘对研究中原和西方地区的交流(exchanges)有帮助。10. A. modelB. atmosphereC. influenceD. change【解析】选C。根据后面on the Western Regions可知这里意思是“中原文化对西部地区的影响”。 固定搭配influence on sth. 。11. A. findingB. destroyingC. studyingD. protecting【解析】选A。古墓被挖出来后, 自然是找到(find)一些尸体。12. A. paperB. silkC. fruitD. coins【解析】选D
46、。一般古墓发现的都是钱币、陶器等不容易腐烂的东西, A、B和C三项都是不容易在墓里保存的。13. A. movedB. dugC. studiedD. picked【解析】选B。语境暗示法。前面说到“挖了”9座古墓了, 那么此处指人们认为是还要再挖3座。14. A. surelyB. probablyC. certainlyD. nearly【解析】选B。后文用了either. . . or, 说明存在不确定性, 用probably最合适。15. A. westB. countryC. regionD. tomb【解析】选C。要理清这里的意思: 墓里的人或者是受汉文化影响的西部人, 或者是本地区的人。用country范围太大。
