1、课时作业(三十二)对数的运算练基础1若lga与lgb互为相反数,则()Aab0Bab1Cab0D.12设lg2a,lg3b,则()A.B.C.D.3log242log243log244等于()A1B2C24D.4若log34log8mlog416,则m等于()A3B9C18D275. ()Alg3Blg3C.D6(多选)若10a4,10b25,则()Aab2Bba1Cab8lg22Dbalg67823lg2lg25的值为_8已知loga2m,loga3n,则loga18_(用m,n表示)9计算:.10已知3a5bc,且2,求c的值提能力11根据有关资料,围棋状态空间复杂度的上限M约为3361,
2、而可观测宇宙中普通物质的原子总数N约为1080.则下列各数中与最接近的是(参考数据:lg30.48)()A1033B1053C1073D109312(多选)若实数a,b,c满足2a1009b2018c2020.则下列式子错误的是()A.B.C.D.13计算:lg2log23log2ln1_.14若lga,lgb是方程2x24x10的两个根,则2的值为_15若26a33b62c,求证:.培优生16已知a,b,c是不等于1的正数,且axbycz,0,求abc的值课时作业(三十二)对数的运算1解析:lga与lgb互为相反数,lgalgb0,即lg(ab)0,ab1.答案:B2解析:.答案:C3解析:
3、log242log243log244log24(234)log24241.答案:A4解析:原式可化为log8m,即lgm,lgmlg27,m27.答案:D5解析:原式log1914log1315log94log35log32log35log310.答案:C6解析:由10a4,10b25,得alg4,blg25,ablg4lg25lg1002,balg25lg4lg,lg101lglg6,balg6ab4lg2lg54lg2lg48lg22,故正确的有ACD.答案:ACD7解析:原式2323lg2lg52215.答案:58解析:loga18loga(232)loga2loga32loga22lo
4、ga3m2n.答案:m2n9解析:1.10解析:因为3a5bc,所以alog3c,blog5c,c0,所以logc3,logc5,所以logc15.由logc152得c215,即c(负值舍去)11解析:由已知得,lglgMlgN361lg380lg103610.488093.28lg1093.28.故与最接近的是1093.答案:D12解析:2a2020,alog22020,log20202由1009b2020得blog10092020,log20201009由2018c2020得clog20182020,log20202018A中,log202022log20201009log2020(210
5、092)log202020182,A错;B中,log20202log20201009log20202018,B正确,C错误;D中,2log20202log20201009log2020(41009)log202020182,D错误故选ACD.答案:ACD13解析:lg2log23log2ln1(lg5lg2)34.答案:14解析:由题意知lgalgb2,lgalgb2(lgalgb)2(lgalgb)24lgalgb442.答案:215证明:设26a33b62ck (k0),那么6logk223logk3logk(2636)6logk632logk6,即.16解析:方法一设axbyczt(t0),则xlogat,ylogbt,zlogct,logtalogtblogtclogt(abc)0,abct01,即abc1.方法二令axbyczt,a,b,c是不等于1的正数,xyz0,t0且t1,x,y,z,0,且lgt0,lgalgblgclg(abc)0,abc1.