1、吉林省延边市长白山第一高级中学2019-2020学年高一英语下学期验收考试试题（含解析）时间:120分钟 分值:150分第一部分 听力（满分30分）第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Who is the man talking to?A. Susan. B. Lucy. C. Melissa.2. What does the man want to do?A. Gain some experience. B.
2、 Make a lot of money. C. Make more friends.3. Where are the speakers?A. At home. B. In a car. C. On a bus.4. What does the man think of the holiday with his brother?A. Boring. B. Interesting. C. Normal.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Their favorite animals. B. An attack of monkeys.
3、C. The mans trip to a zoo.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the man order for himself?A. A chicken hamburger and a potato salad. B. beef hamburger and a potato salad.C. chicke
4、n hamburger and a hot dog.7. Why does the man want some more food?A. Hes very hungry. B .He saw a homeless man. C.He needs food for supper.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why wont the man go fishing this weekend?A. He doesnt like fishing. B. His friends are all busy. C. He s already had plans.9. When will the sh
5、ow end?A. At 10: 30 am. B. At 11: 00 am. C. At 11: 30 am.10. Where will the show be held?A. In a park. B.In the school. C. In a square.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What does the woman want to do at Carleton College today?A. Learn something about it. B. Visit some friends there. C. Take an examination there.
6、12. How will the speakers get to the college?A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi.13. Where is the man?A. At school. B. At home. C. In his office.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What is the movie most probably about?A. A rocket. B. A singer. C. A kind of music.15. On which day will the speakers go to the cinema
7、?A. May 22. B. May 26. C. May 27.16. Whats the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Friends. B. Sister and brother. C. Mother and son.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What does the speaker think computer games help players do?A. Love studies more. B. Have better memory. C. Love language learning.
8、18. How did James make some friends?A. He taught others to play games. B. He played games with others outdoors.C. He played computer games with others.19. Why did the speaker stop playing computer games?A. He was worried about his health. B. He had no time for that.C. He lost interest in them.20. Wh
9、at is the speaker doing?A. Showing the advantages and disadvantages of computer games.B. Listing reasons why teenagers play computer games.C. Describing the harm of playing computer games.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A B C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA New Museum of Ice CreamThe hottes
10、t museum in New York has got pop art, its own subway and a line out the door and around the block. It might not really be a museum at all.The Museum of Ice Cream has built its first location in 2016 in Manhattan. At that time, so many people headed there that its tickets sold out within five days. A
11、nd then, it was followed by Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Miami. Now, it founds a permanent (永久的) home in New York Citys SoHo neighborhood.The newest Museum of Ice Cream is a dream place for people. It provides many kinds of delicious ice creams. But only this cant explain its success. With the th
12、eme of ice cream, things in it are pink. Theres a subway that transports visitors to the dream world of dessert, a top-floor slide which is a childs dream on the playground, a swimming pool and other items they will enjoy.The permission to photosUnlike other museums where the phones are not allowed,
13、 everything in the Museum of Ice Cream makes taking photos so popular. People who visit it will tend to take many photos. The Rose Mansion and Color Factory that also introduce such experiences owe their success to the Museum of Ice Cream.The big-ticket item in the museumThere is a sprinkle pool (糖果
14、池) filled with candies. Creative founder Maryellis Bunn dreamed of swimming in the sea of chocolate when she was a child. “Its all about fun, and feeling like a kid again,” She said. So she designed it where she and 30,000 other New Yorkers could do that.CostTickets start at $39 and kids under 2 are
15、 free,plus more for private sprinkle pool parties and activities with up to 40 friends.1. What can we know about the Museum of Ice Cream?A. It opened in San Francisco in 2016.B. It became popular at the first beginning.C. It can be found in most American cities.D. It is the most interesting museum i
16、n New York.2. What is special about the Museum of Ice Cream according to Paragraph 4?A. It leads a photo-friendly trend.B. It provides colorful food for free.C. It helps people know more about ice creams.D. It offers special items and service for small kids.3. Maryellis Bunn designed a sprinkle pool
17、 to_. .A. attract foreign visitorsB. bring back childhood funC. enable kids to play togetherD. provide more different kinds of candies【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了在纽约最受欢迎的冰淇淋博物馆的发展过程，成功因素，特色和参观费用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段The Museum of Ice Cream has built its first location in 2016 in Manhattan. At that t
18、ime, so many people headed there that its tickets sold out within five days.可知2016年，冰淇淋博物馆在曼哈顿开设了第一家分店。当时去那里的人太多了，票在五天内就售完了。这说明冰淇淋博物馆一开始就很流行，故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Unlike other museums where the phones are not allowed, everything in the Museum of Ice Cream makes taking photos so popular. People who vi
19、sit it will tend to take many photos. The Rose Mansion and Color Factory that also introduce such experiences owe their success to the Museum of Ice Cream.可知和其他不允许使用手机的博物馆不同，冰淇淋博物馆里的一切都让拍照变得如此流行。参观者会拍很多照片。The Rose Mansion 和 Color Factory也引入了这样的经验，把他们的成功归功于冰淇淋博物馆。由此推知冰淇淋博物馆引领了允许拍照的潮流，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。
20、根据倒数第二段Creative founder Maryellis Bunn dreamed of swimming in the sea of chocolate when she was a child. “Its all about fun, and feeling like a kid again,” She said. So she designed it where she and 30,000 other New Yorkers could do that.可知Maryellis Bunn小时候曾梦想在巧克力的海洋中畅游，所以她设计了一个糖果池，这个糖果池让她找回了童年的乐趣，感
21、觉自己又像孩子了。由此判断出，Maryellis Bunn 计了一个糖果池目的是让孩子们找回童年的乐趣。故选B。BAn All-School Reunion was to be held in Barditch High School. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old d
22、ays. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for over fifty years, was wheeled to the Park.Then Ms. Yates started to speak: “I cant tell you how pleased I am to be here. I havent seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for yo
23、ur tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. Although I havent appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the births of your children, in my imagination.”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued: “It was my
24、 belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives, I can see that you have all been successful in your chosen path.”“There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or
25、her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart.”There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar (呼
26、喊). Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame at all because of the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.4. What activity was organized for the school reunion?A. A picnic on the school playground.B. Sightseeing in the
27、 park.C. Graduates reports in the old building.D. Telling stories about past events.5. What can you infer about Ms. Mabel Yates in the first paragraph?A. She is good at speech.B. She cant walk by herself.C. She is optimistic.D. She is too old to speak.6. We can learn from Ms. Yates speech that she _
28、.A. gave her students advice on their careersB. kept track of her students progressC. attended her students college graduationsD. went to her students wedding ceremonies7. Which of the following can best describe Ms. Yates?A. Determined and generous.B. Reliable and devoted.C. Strict but caring.D. Pr
29、oud but patient.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C【解析】本文是记叙文。Barditch高中在同学聚会时邀请了几位以前的老师在现场讲述过去的故事。Ms. Mabel Yates关心和爱她的学生，时刻关注着他们的事业和生活。在场的所有学生被老师对他们的爱感动落泪。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about t
30、he old days.可知学校为同学聚会安排的节目有参观学校的旧楼，去Confederate公园野餐，邀请几位以前的老师在现场讲述过去的故事。D项表达正确，故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for over fifty years, was wheeled to the Park. 可知Ms. Mabel Yates 是坐着轮椅出现的，她自己不能走路。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Ms. Mabel Yates讲述的I have followed your careers and enjoyed y
31、our victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. Although I havent appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the births of your children, in my imagination.可知Ms. Mabel Yates关注着学生们的事业，享受着他们的胜利，
32、也为他们的悲剧而哭泣。她在报纸上收集了很多学生的照片。虽然没有亲自出现，但在想象中，她参加了学生们的大学毕业典礼、婚礼，甚至孩子的出生。由此推知她一直在关注和记录学生们的进步，故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Ms. Mabel Yates讲述的I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students.可知关注着学生们的事业，享
33、受着他们的胜利，也为他们的悲剧而哭泣。她在报纸上收集了很多学生的照。所以她关心学生，时刻关注着他们的事业和生活。根据第三段It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me.我相信，如果我逼迫你们去做事情，你们就会成功，无论这是让我高兴的还是让我恼怒的。所以她对学生非常严格。由此判断出，她是一位既严格又关心学生的好老师。故选C。CIt was not easy to buy a d
34、elicious pineapple more than 10 years ago. The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves.The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gol
35、d than green. It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the w
36、orlds best-selling pineapple variety.In nutrition (营养) it was all good news too. This nice tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were eager to be able to
37、buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep market to itself. But other fruit companies develop
38、ed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Montes attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out of the market.8. We learn from the text that the new type of pineapple is _.A. good-looking outs
39、ide and soft insideB. green outside and sweet insideC. a little soft outside and sweet insideD. yellowy-gold outside and hard inside9. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well?A. It was less sweet and good for health.B. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice.C. It was developed by Del Monte.
40、D. It was used as medicine.10. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something _.A. that is always presentB. that people dont like eatingC. that is difficult to getD. that people use as a gift11. We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte _.A. succeeded in keeping the
41、pineapple for itselfB. slowed other companies to develop pineapplesC. planned to help the other companiesD tried hard to control the pineapple market【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种产于夏威夷的可口的、营养丰富的菠萝。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside
42、. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known.(它外表稍软，里面有很多汁。但这种新品菠萝最重是特点是它比我们所知道的普通菠萝甜两倍)可知，这种新品菠萝的特点是外面稍软，多汁且很甜。 C. a little soft outside and sweet inside(外面稍软里面很甜)符合以上说法，故选C项。9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的But the most
43、important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known.(但这种新品菠萝最重是特点是它比我们所知道的普通菠萝甜两倍)和第三段的In nutrition (营养) it was all good news too.(在营养方面也有好消息)可知，这种菠萝卖得好，是因为它尝起来美味而且营养丰富。B. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice.(它富含营养且美味)符合以上说
44、法，故选B项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据三段的The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.可知，卖得很快，Del Monte Gold菠萝很快成为健康饮食者购物篮里的一个fixture。结合句意可知，划线部分的意思是“必不可少的东西”。A. that is always present(总是存在的东西)符合以上猜测，故选A项。【11题详解】推理判
45、断题。从文章最后一段的Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep market to itself. But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. (看到市场对他获奖菠萝的不断增长，Del Monte试图保持自己的市场。但是其它水果公司也开始发开相似的菠萝。Del Monte向法律寻求帮助，但失败了)可知，Del Monte 想独
46、自垄断市场，寻求法律帮助，结果没有成功。由此推测，该公司费了很大劲儿来控制这个菠萝市场。D. tried hard to control the pineapple market(费了很大劲儿来控制菠萝市场)符合以上推测，故选D项。DFor years I wanted a flower garden, but with five children I was too busy to have one. Money was limited(有限的), and so was time. Often one of the children would want something that cos
47、t too much, and I would say, “Do you see a money tree outside? Money doesnt grow on trees, you know.” Finally, when all five had gotten through high school and college, and had started having their own families, I started thinking again about having a garden. However, I knew gardens cost money.Then,
48、 one spring morning on Mothers Day, as I was working in my kitchen, I heard cars drive by and looked out of the window to see a new tree planted in my yard. I couldnt believe my eyes: it was a money tree! Dollar bills were stuck all over that tree, and there was a note which read: “I owe you eight h
49、ours of digging time. Love, Marvin.”Marvin, my first son, kept his promise. He dug up a nice ten-by-fifteen-foot bed(花坛，花圃) for me. My other children bought me tools, a sunflower stepping stone(踏脚石) and gardening books. We built a garden together.That was three years ago. My garden is now very prett
50、y, and just what Id always wanted. When I go out to weed or tend my flowers, I dont seem to miss my children as much as I once did. It feels as if they were right there with me. When I think about what my children have done for me, I get tears in my eyes every time.Im still not sure whether money gr
51、ows on trees. But I know love does!12. Why had the author(作者) never had a flower garden before?A. Because she didnt have enough time and money.B. Because she had five children to take care of.C. Because her children wanted expensive things.D. Because her children were going to high school and colleg
52、e.13. Who helped the author build the garden at last?A. Her neighbor.B. Her first son.C. Her five children.D. Her husband.14. Why doesnt she miss her children as much as she once did?A. Because she has a big money tree.B. Because she has a very pretty garden.C. Because she is busy weeding or tending
53、 her flowers.D. Because she feels the love of her children in the garden.15. The purpose of this passage is to tell us_.A. how to grow your own money treeB. the story of pretty gardenC. a story of the love between a mother and her childrenD. the story of a money tree【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C【解析】本文
54、是记叙文。文章讲述了一个母亲和她的孩子们之间爱的故事。拥有一个花园一直是作者的梦想，但由于时间和钱的原因未能如愿。孩子们长大后和作者一起建了一个花园，作者在花园里随时都能感受到孩子们的爱。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段For years I wanted a flower garden, but with five children I was too busy to have one. Money was limited(有限), and so was time.可知多年来，作者一直想要一个花园，但因为有五个孩子要照顾，忙得没有时间管花园，钱也是有限的。所以作者当时没有足够的时间和钱拥
55、有花园，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Marvin, my first son, kept his promise. He dug up a nice ten-by-fifteen-foot bed(花坛，花圃) for me. My other children bought me tools, a sunflower stepping stone(踏脚石) and gardening books. We built a garden together.可知孩子们为母亲挖花坛，买种花，工具和书。所以作者和孩子们一起建了一个花园，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段W
56、hen I go out to weed or tend my flowers, I dont seem to miss my children as much as I once did. It feels as if they were right there with me.可知当作者除草或照料花时，似乎不像以前那样想念孩子们了，感觉好像他们就在身边。由此判断出作者在花园里随时能感受到孩子们的爱。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。拥有一个花园一直是作者的梦想，孩子们长大后和作者一起建了一个花园。根据文章最后两段中的When I think about what my children h
57、ave done for me, I get tears in my eyes every time.和 Im still not sure whether money grows on trees. But I know love does! 可知作者在花园里随时都能感受到孩子们的爱。作者通过这篇文章给我们讲述了一个母亲和她的孩子们之间爱的故事，故选C。第二节 （共五小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Four habits to help you succeed.We all want to succeed, whet
58、her it is in losing weight or learning the guitar. For those who have tried and failed, success seems difficult to understand. _16_Know your values.Finding your values is in line with creating motivation. _17_. Pick a handful of things and write them down. Remind yourself of your values every day an
59、d reflect on whether you are honoring those values through your work.Pick a goal and focus on it.Choose one goal to start something large enough that will give you a sense of achievement, while adjusting well to your values. Focus is key here._18_If you perform many tasks at a time, you might never
60、finish your projects because they will take far too long.Set a time for success.Set a date for success. Know when you hope to realize your goal. _19_By setting a time limit, you are making the process realistic._20_Failure cant be avoided when you take risks. By its very definition, the desire to su
61、cceed means you are risking failure. Many people rent to give up far too early. Dont fall into this trap! Remember your mindset earlier. Know it will happen. A failure is only you working out the details, and learning w hat works and what doesnt. Use failure. Treat it as a good thing, and go on.A. T
62、he more focused you are on one goal, the higher chance you have of success.B. Make the right decision.C. I have made a list of four habits to help you set goals and realize them.D. Dont give up because of failure.E. Keep it realistic, while not giving you too much time.F. Sit and reflect on what you
63、 value most.G. Push yourself to be courageous, and take that next step【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了4个有助于帮助你设定目标并取得成功的习惯。【16题详解】根据下文副标题可以得知本文提供了4个有助于帮助你设定目标并取得成功的习惯。所以选项总启下文。故C选项“我列出了四个习惯来帮助你设定目标并实现它们。”符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文“每天提醒自己你的价值观，并反思你是否在通过你的工作来尊重这些价值观”，可知，F选项“要坐下想想一生中重要的是什么”
64、符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据标题“选择一个目标，然后专注于它”可知，是建议要专注于一件事。故A选项“你越专注于一个目标，你成功的机会就越大。”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据前文“设定成功的日期。确定你希望何时达到目标”可知，选项承接上文。故E选项“现实一些，别用太多时间。符合语境”故选E。【20题详解】根据下文“当你冒险的时候，失败是无法避免的。 根据它的定义，渴望成功意味着你在冒失败的风险。 很多人过早放弃。 不要掉进这个陷阱。选项为本段标题。故D选项“不要因为失败而放弃”符合语境。故选D。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30
65、分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A B C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Man has_21_ways of showing his love to nature. He says he loves it, although he often_22_its beauty. While walking through the woods, how many times have we picked flowers, planted roots and all? Then later, as the_23_wither(枯萎), we throw them away. That
66、s one of the reasons _24_many kinds of plants and flowers have become rare. Or have you_25_wondered where all the thousands of New Year trees come from and_26_ happens to them once the_27_are over?Man destroys nature by polluting the air. Thats probably the greatest danger_28_our lives. The smoke fr
67、om factories and_29_from cars and trucks do not harm only the surrounding vegetation(植被), it _30_our health, too.Man pollutes rivers, seas and oceans. Just think of the_31_fish that die by the thousands because of polluted waters.Biologists have_32_that all kinds of wild life are_33_in the areas whe
68、re they live. Even the wolf, which we_34_dangerous and “bad”, plays an important role in nature. Here is an interesting example. There is a large_35_in one of the Great Lakes between Canada and the US. Early in this century many wild deer invaded(涌入) the island. Nobody knows how they_36_there.The de
69、er multiplied(繁殖) until there were as many as 40,000 on the island. They destroyed _37_of the vegetation on it. Finally as they couldnt find enough_38_they began to starve and die. Then came the wolf:_39_knows how wolves got to the island, but they_40_. The wolves killed those deer that were easiest
70、 to catchthe sick, the weak and the old. So only the strong and the healthy animals were left. The island become green once again and there was enough food for the deer that were left.21. A. lovelyB. strangeC. manyD. much22. A. harmsB. breaksC. injuryD. destroys23. A. stemsB. branchesC. leavesD. flo
71、wers24. A. whatB. howC. whyD. when25. A. stillB. everC. evenD. quite26. A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how27. A. yearsB. meetingsC. partiesD. holidays28. A. toB. ofC. aboutD. for29. A. watersB. smellsC. gasesD. whistles30. A. effects onB. efforts forC. reasons forD. causes of31. A. poorB. weakC. strongD.
72、ill32. A. studiedB. developedC. inventedD. discovered33. A. valuableB. needC. necessaryD. helped34. A. considerB. think itC. regardD. sound35. A. fieldB. landC. mountainD. island36. A. leftB. gotC. reached toD. arrived in37. A. a wholeB. mostC. moreD. more much38. A. plantsB. riceC. vegetationD. foo
73、d39. A. NobodyB. AnybodyC. SomebodyD. Everybody40 A. gotB. wentC. arriveD. did【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. A 40. D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章通过有些人说喜欢大自然但破坏大自然和狼在自然界的作用的例子，告诉我们所有种类的野生动植物在自然界扮演者重要的角色。我们要减少污染，保护动植物。【21题详解】考查形容
74、词词义辨析。句意：人类向大自然示爱的方式千奇百怪。A. lovely可爱的；B. strange奇怪的；C. many许多的；D. much大量的。根据下句He says he loves it, although he often_2_its beauty.及列举的人类破坏植物的例子，可知人类并没有像说的那样去保护动植物，作者认为这些言行不一的行为是奇怪的。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说他喜欢大自然，然而经常破坏它的美丽。A. harms损害；B. breaks破坏，中断；C. injury伤害；D. destroys破坏。harm指身体或精神上的损害，是级别小的inju
75、ry，仅引起不便或不安。break强调“打碎”之类的毁坏，范围和用法较广。injury指侵犯权利、自由或身心健康，导致失去部分或全部某种有价值的东西。destroy指通过某种有力的或粗鲁的手段使之毁灭或消灭，完全彻底的破坏，常有不能或很难修复的意思。下文列举的摘花和污染环境等行为是人类破坏了自然，使之不能修复。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，随着花枯萎了，便把它们扔掉。A. stems干，茎；B. branches树枝；C. leaves树叶；D. flowers花。与上句how many times have we picked flowers承接，指的是人们的摘花行为，
76、花枯萎后被扔掉。故选D。【24题详解】考查关系副词。句意：这是许多种类的植物和花卉变得稀有的原因之一。A. what什么；B. how如何；C. why为什么；D. when何时。根据reasons可知用why，Thats the reason why“这就是的原因”，故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：或者你曾经有没有想过成千上万棵新年树是从哪里来的，一旦聚会结束，它们会发生什么? A. still仍然； B. ever曾经；C. even甚至；D. quite相当。与现在完成时连用，表示“曾经”，故选B。【26题详解】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：或者你曾经有没有想过成千上万棵新年
77、树是从哪里来的，一旦聚会结束，它们会发生什么?宾语从句中缺少主语，表示发生什么，故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：或者你曾经有没有想过成千上万棵新年树是从哪里来的，一旦聚会结束，它们会发生什么? A. years年；B. meetings集会，会议；C. parties聚会； D. holidays假期。与句中New Year trees承接，指新年聚会，故选C。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：人类通过污染空气破坏自然，这可能是我们生命中最大的危险。A.to对于；B.of.的；C.about关于；D.for为了。表示“对于我们的生活”用介词to，故选A。【29题详解】考查名词
78、词义辨析。句意：来自工厂的烟雾和来自汽车和卡车的气体不仅危害周围的植被，它对我们的健康也有影响。A. waters 水；B. smells气味；C. gases气体；D. whistles口哨，汽笛。根据from cars and trucks可知是来自汽车和卡车的气体，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：来自工厂的烟雾和来自汽车和卡车的气体不仅危害周围的植被，它对我们的健康也有影响。A. effects on对的影响；B. efforts for为的努力；C. reasons for原因，理由；D. causes of的原因。根据常识可知，来自工厂的烟雾和来自汽车和卡车的气体对
79、我们的健康也有影响，故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想想那些可怜的死于水污染的鱼吧。A. poor可怜的，贫穷的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强壮的；D. ill生病的。由于水污染死亡的鱼是可怜的，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生物学家已经发现，在它们生活的地区，所有种类的野生动物都是必要的。A. studied学习；B. developed发展；C. invented发明；D. discovered发现。所有种类的野生动物都是必要的及下面的例子是生物学家的研究发现，故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生物学家已经发现，在它们生活的地区，
80、所有种类的野生动物都是必要的。A. valuable有价值的； B. need需要；C. necessary必要的；D. helped帮助。wolf, which we_14_dangerous and “bad”, plays an important role in nature.说明了每种动植物的必要性和重要性，故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使是我们认为危险和“坏”的狼，在自然界中也扮演着重要的角色。A. consider考虑，认为；B. think it想，认为它；C. regard注重，看待；D. sound听起来。根据dangerous and “bad”可知，此
81、处表示“认为”，which指代the wolf，引导定语从句，在定语从句中作宾语，B项中it错误，故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在加拿大和美国之间的五大湖上之一有一个大岛。A. field田地，领域；B. land陆地；C. mountain山脉；D. island岛屿。根据in one of the Great Lakes和下文wild deer invaded(涌入) the island及下段40,000 on the island等内容可知是岛上，故选D。【36题详解】考查动词/动词短语词义辨析。句意：没有人知道它们是怎样到那的。A. left离开；B. got到达，得
82、到；C. reached to到达；D. arrived in到达（大地方）。根据上文Early in this century many wild deer invaded(涌入) the island.可知，此处表示“到达”，reach是及物动词后直接加宾语，C项错误。此处是到达那个不知名的岛屿，不用arrived in。get to表示“到达”，后面加副词there不用to。故选B。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们破坏了岛上的多数植被。A. a whole整个；B. most大部分的，多数的；C. more更多的，附加的；D. more much更多。A项太绝对，此处没有比较
83、的意思，C、D错误。根据上文he deer multiplied(繁殖) until there were as many as 40,000 on the island.可知，表示“大部分的，多数的”，故选B。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，因为找不到足够的食物，他们开始挨饿和死亡。A. plants植物；B. rice稻，大米；C. vegetation植被；D. food食物。根据starve and die可知是找不到食物，故选D。【39题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：没有人知道狼是怎样到达那个岛的，但它们到达了。A. Nobody没有人；B. Anybody任何人；C.
84、Somebody有人，某人；D. Everybody每个人。根据上文Nobody knows可知，表示“没有人知道”，故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人知道狼是怎样到达那个岛的，但它们到达了。A. got得到；B. went去；C. arrive到达；D. did做。根据下文The wolves killed those deer that were easiest to catchthe sick, the weak and the old.可知，did此处指狼确实到达了那个岛，用一般过去时，C项错误，故选D。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最
85、佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题3与上句how many times have we picked flowers承接，指的是人们的摘花行为，花枯萎后被扔掉。故选flowers。小题9根据from cars and trucks可知是来自汽车和卡车的气体，故选gases。小题15根据in one of the Great Lakes和下文wild deer invaded(涌入) the island及下段40,000 on the island等内容可知是岛上，故选island。小题18根据starve and die可知是找不到食物，故选food。第二节 （共1
86、0题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Although English is not as old as Chinese, _41_ is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always making new words and we should be able to know where most words come from.Sometimes,_42_ , no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever th
87、ink about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, _43_ (especial)when they are not made of ham? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America _44_ Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg.They did not speak good English, but they ate good food. Some Americans saw them eating r
88、ound pieces of beef. Never had they seen such _45_ strange way. They couldnt help _46_ (ask)the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We came from Hamburg. ” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He made up _47_ mind to do something new
89、. He cooked some round pieces of the beef like _48_ the men from Hamburg ate and _49_(sell)it quite a few countries around the world.Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is _50_(interest).【答案】41. it 42. however 43. especially 44. from 45. a 46. asking 47. his 48. what 49. sold 50. interes
90、ting【解析】本文介绍英语中的词汇的来历，举了汉堡包的例子，说明我们可以了解一些单词的来历是很有趣的事情。【41题详解】考查it的用法。句意：虽然英语没有汉语那么古老，但世界各地的许多人每天都说英语。此处用it指代English。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，有时候，没有人真正知道一个单词的来源。此处表示一种转折关系，因为空格后面有逗号，所以此处应该用however。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：你有没有想过为什么汉堡包被称为汉堡包，尤其是当它们不是用火腿做的时候?副词修饰when引导的时间状语从句，故答案为especially。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：大约一百年前，一些人从欧洲
91、来到美国。故答案为from。【45题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：一些美国人看到他们吃圆形的牛肉。他们从来没有见过这么奇怪的路吃饭。结合句意可知答案为a。【46题详解】考查固定搭配。couldnt help doing sth.情不自禁做某事，故答案为asking。【47题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他下定决心要做些新的事情。make up ones mind下定决心，结合句意可知答案为his。【48题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意：他做了一些圆形的牛肉片，就像汉堡人吃的那样，卖到世界上很多国家。此处是介词from后面的宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句谓语动词ate缺少宾语，故答案为what
92、。【49题详解】考查并列谓语。句意：他做了一些圆形的牛肉片，就像汉堡人吃的那样，卖到世界上很多国家。此处是并列谓语，所以句子用一般过去时态，故答案为sold。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：管这个故事是不是真的，它肯定很有趣。结合句意可知答案为interesting。第四部分 语法运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10题，每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定在英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜
93、线（）划掉。修改：把错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。This morning I saw off my uncle at the railway station. In the waiting room, I saw an old lady crying sadly because of she had lost her ticket and was not able to buy other one. I was thinking about helping her while two
94、PLA(解放军)men come up to comfort her. Then they bought her a ticket with his own money. The old lady was so moving that she could hardly say a word. She grasped(抓住)their hands and asked for their name and addresses. And they only smiled and said, “Its our pleasure. We have done that we should do.”Then
95、 they left. What lovely PLA men! I must learn them to serve the people heart and soul.【答案】1. of去掉2. other another3. while when4. come came5. his their6. moving moved7. name names8. And But9. that what10.learn后加from【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在车站看到了两位解放军给丢票老人买票的故事。【详解】1.考查介词。表原因时，because of后加词语，because引导句子。此
96、处she had lost her ticket是句子，应该用because引导，故of去掉。2.考查代词。此处指因为她把票丢了，又不能再买一张。other“其他的”后既可接可数名词复数形式又可接不可数名词；another“另一个”，其后只能跟单数名词，指不确定数目中的“另一个”。此处加one，表示“另外一张票”，故other 改为 another。3.考查连词。表示“当时”，while 后加延续性动词，常用进行时；when后可加非延续性动词，常用过去式。此处是came是非延续性动词要用when引导，故while 改为 when。4.考查动词时态。文章讲述过去发生的事，用一般过去时，故come
97、 改为 came。5.考查代词。此处表示两位解放军用他们自己的钱给老人买了票，指代two PLA men用复数，故his 改为their。6.考查形容词。-ing 结尾的形容词修饰物，-ed结尾的形容词修饰人。此处修饰The old lady，故moving 改为 moved。7.考查名词。此处指两位解放军的名字，由their 修饰和 addresses并列，故name改为 names。8.考查连词。句意：老人抓住他们的手问他们的姓名和地址，但他们只是笑着说：“这是我们的荣幸，我们做了我们应该做的事。”前后句是转折关系，故And改为But。9. 考查宾语从句的连接词。we should do
98、是宾语从句，缺少宾语，用what 作宾语引导从句。故that改为 what。10. 考查动词短语。“向学习”是learn from，故learn后加from。【点睛】when，while都有“当时候”的意思，小题3考查了二者的区别。（一）、when既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间。在when引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的，可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生，也可在其后发生。1. I was just reading a book when she came into my room.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。2. When he was a child
99、he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。（二）、while只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。1. While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.正当Jim修自行车时，林涛来看他。 2. You cant do your homework while youre watching TV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。（三）、when和while的区别还在于：w
100、hile引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。1. While they were talking , the bell rang.正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。2. I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening.昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候，我正在做家庭作业。第二节 选词填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）方框中选择合适的单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空。52. The Greens live in an old house_by a lot of tall t
101、rees.53. One of the most_things is how people in ancient times could move the huge stone by hand.54. His plan of going swimming with his friends_by his mother, which made him very happy.55. With the rapid development of medical science, the lifespan may one day_in centuries, rather than in years!56.
102、 The famous actor glanced at the audience and_his wife and daughter in the second row.57. The naught boy is fond of_his classmates, which often makes them annoyed.58. I hope that my sister who just returned home from abroad will_her friend at her birthday party this weekend.59. We have to_at dawn so
103、 that we could get to the coast before lunchtime.60. You should have attended the important meeting why didnt you_?61. We all dont like the people who always_, so please be an honest person.【答案】52. surrounded 53. puzzling 54. was permitted 55. be measured 56. spotted 57. playing a trick on 58. have
104、fun with 59. set off 60. keep your word 61. tell a lie【解析】【52题详解】考查过去分词。句意：格林一家住在一幢被许多高大树木环绕的老房子里。根据句意和by a lot of tall trees可知表示“环绕”用surround，house和surround是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填surrounded。【53题详解】考查形容词。句意：最令人费解的事情之一是古代的人们如何用手搬动这块巨石。根据句意可知用puzzle，此处修饰指物的名词things用puzzling，故填puzzling。【54题详解】考查时态语态。句意：他和朋友一
105、起去游泳的计划得到了母亲的批准，这使他非常高兴。根据句意可知表示“许可，批准”用permit，句中主语His plan和动词permit是被动关系，在句中作谓语用被动语态。根据句中动词made可知用一般过去时。故填was permitted。【55题详解】考查语态。句意：随着医学的迅速发展，人类的寿命也许有一天可以用几百年而不是几年来测量!根据句意可知表示“测量，衡量”用measure，the lifespan和measure是被动关系，由may判断是情态动词的被动，故填be measured。【56题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位著名的演员瞥了一眼观众，发现他的妻子和女儿在第二排。根据句意可
106、知表示“发现”用spot，与and前的glanced并列也用过去式，故填spotted。【57题详解】考查动名词短语。句意：这个淘气的男孩喜欢捉弄他的同学，这经常使他们生气。根据句意可知表示“捉弄”用play a trick on，介词of后加动名词，故填playing a trick on。【58题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我希望我刚从国外回来的妹妹能和她的朋友在这个周末的生日聚会上玩得开心。根据句意可知表示“玩得开心”用have fun with，此处和will构成将来时，故填have fun with。【59题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们必须在黎明时出发，以便在午饭前到达海岸。根据句意
107、可知表示“出发”用set off，have to后加动词原形，故填set off。【60题详解】考查动词短语。句意：你本应该参加那个重要会议的，你为什么不遵守诺言？根据句意可知表示“遵守诺言”用keep ones word，此处用动词原形且与you一致，故填keep your word。【61题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们都不喜欢总是说谎的人，所以请做一个诚实的人。根据句意可知表示“说谎”用tell a lie，此处是一般现在时，故填tell a lie。第三节翻译句子62. 你本不该告诉她真相的。63. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。64. 令他高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。65. 出于好
108、奇心，他打开了那个盒子。66. 增肥是很容易的，但减肥是很困难的。67. 我期待着你的回信。68. 他靠打猎谋生。69. 很明显，他错了。【答案】62. You shouldnt have told her the truth. 63. I dont know whether/if it will rain tomorrow. 64. To his delight, she won such an important match. 65. Out of curiosity, he opened the box. 66. Gaining weight is easy, but losing we
109、ight is difficult. 67. I am looking forward to your reply. 68. He earns his living by hunting. 69. Obviously, he was wrong.【解析】【62题详解】考查情态动词。“本不该”是shouldnt have done，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：You shouldnt have told her the truth.【63题详解】考查宾语从句和时态。“是否”是whether/if，宾语从句用陈述语序，用一般将来时。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I dont know wheth
110、er/if it will rain tomorrow.【64题详解】考查固定短语和时态。“令某人高兴的是”是to ones delight，根据句意用一般过去时。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：To his delight, she won such an important match.【65题详解】考查固定短语和时态。“出于好奇心”是out of curiosity，根据句意用一般过去时。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Out of curiosity, he opened the box.【66题详解】考查动名词做主语和时态。“增肥”是gain weight，“减肥”是lose weigh
111、t。句子为一般现在时。此处用动名词做主语，再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Gaining weight is easy, but losing weight is difficult.【67题详解】考查固定短语和时态。“期待”是look forward to，根据句意用现在进行时。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：I am looking forward to your reply.【68题详解】考查固定短语和时态。“谋生”是earn ones living，表示事实用一般现在时。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：He earns his living by hunting.【69题详解】考查副词和时态。“很明显”是obviously，此处是副词作状语。句子为一般过去式。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Obviously, he was wrong.
