1、江苏省南京市2020_2021学年高一英语上学期期末学情调研试题（含解析）本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项:答题前，务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题纸上。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What would the woman like for dessert?A. Cake. B
2、. Cookies. C. Ice cream.2.For whom does the man want to buy a new sweater?A. Susan. B. Jimmy. C. Nancy.3.How did the woman get the news?A. On television. B. From Lisa. C. In the newspaper.4.What kind of movies does the woman like most?A. Fantasies. B. Documentaries. C. Science fiction.5. Which note
3、does the woman want to change?A.AS 10 notes. B. A$ 20 notes. C.AS 50 note.第二节（共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why didnt the woman have breakfast?A. She forgot it. B. She got
4、up late. C. She preferred a lunch.7.What will the speakers do next?A. Have lunch. B. Visit the town. C. Fix the car up.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题,8. Where are the Spanish novels?A. In Row 3. B. In Row 6. C. In Row 8.9.How many books will the man borrow?A.T wo. B. Three. C. Five.10. Whats the relationship betwe
5、en the speakers?A. A student and a librarian. B.A professor and a shopkeeper. C. A student and a professor.听第8段材料，回答第l1至13题。11. Why do they get served so late?A. No waiter is on duty. B. There is a long queue. C. They have ordered too much.12. What is the woman unhappy with?A. The size of the class.
6、 B. The schedule of the school. C. The attitudes of the teachers.13. Where does the man plan to go?A. Miami. B. Chicago. C. New York.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Why did the boy come back late?A. He went to a bar. B. He met his teacher. C. He played basketball.15. What did the woman do this morning?A. She he
7、ld a party. B. She had a check-up. C. She took a physics test.16. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. Over the phone. C. In a hospital.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Why does the speaker give the talk?A. To announce some changes. B. To explain the awful weather. C. To remind passeng
8、ers to leave.18. Where does the train at Platform 9 go?A. Glasgow. B. Bristol. C. London.19. When will the train to Bristol leave?A. At 2: 15 pm. B. At 2: 55 pm. C. At 4: 20 pm.20.What do we know about Mr. Green?A. He is travelling to London.B. He works in the ticket office. C. His lost computer has
9、 been found.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节（共15小题:每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AThe return of the road tripPeople are cager to get out of their houses, but not badly enough to get on a plane. The solution? A good old-fashioned road trip. As many states make travel rules less str
10、ict, theyre encouraging people to move around within their home state to help increase local business. A road trip in ones vehicle allows for a sense of control and you know whose germs(细菌) are in your space.The prioritization(优先) of cleanlinessTravelers generally expect a clean hotel room when they
11、 arrive, and now expectations will be higher than ever. Were about to become concerned with cleanliness to the point that it could become the top priority of hotels, more so than comfortable beds and good service.Checking list can show whether hosts are practicing strict new clean guidelines, includ
12、ing a24-hour waiting period between bookings.The new appeal of natureTravelers will be rightly nervous about crowds and anxious to avoid them That will result in an explosion of visitors to national parks and other places where crowds are less likely to be met with. This could be the start of the go
13、lden age of camping，as people want to get outside while keeping social distance._Health is at the forefront of everyones minds these days, and it is safe to say itll stay therefore a long time yet. Meanwhile, people are sick of being indoors, so tourism is likely to reflect an increasing desire to p
14、romote good health while getting outside. Intrepid Travels CEO James told The Times, If 2020 proves to be a year we spend a lot of time indoors, 2021 will be about getting outdoors and getting active, with tours centred around things like cycling and hiking.1. Taking a road trip is encouraged to_A.
15、replace a tiring journey by airB. prevent germs from spreadingC. improve drivers control of the vehicleD. promote local economic development2. What can we learn from the passage?A. Hotels should put comfort in the first place.B. Travelers should book a room 24 hours ahead.C. Camping is a good choice
16、 to avoid crowds.D. People tend to get sick after staying long indoors.3. What is the best title for Paragraph 5?A. The rise of health tourismB. The routine of keeping fitC. The benefit of getting activeD. The importance of health care【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅游的不同形式以及注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根
17、据文章第一段“As many states make travel rules less strict, theyre encouraging people to move around within their home state to help increase local business.（由于许多州的旅行规定不那么严格，他们鼓励人们在本州内迁徙，以帮助增加当地业务。）”可知，鼓励公路有助于当地经济发展。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“This could be the start of the golden age of camping，as people wan
18、t to get outside while keeping social distance.（这可能是露营黄金时代的开始，因为人们想要外出，同时保持社交距离。）”可知，为避开拥挤，露营是一个不错的选择。故选C项。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Meanwhile, people are sick of being indoors, so tourism is likely to reflect an increasing desire to promote good health while getting outside.（与此同时，人们厌倦了待在室内，所以旅游业很可能反映出人们
19、越来越希望在户外运动的同时促进健康。）”可知，最后一段主要介绍了健康旅游的增长。所以标题为“健康旅游的增长”。故选A项。BWe are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. . Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth These are the words of the famous scientist Steph
20、en Hawking.Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humans to last far into the future is to colonize (殖民) other planets. That way, if an asteroid (小行星), a terrible discase, or some other disaster strikes Earth, we would still have a chance. Mars is one of the best
21、 choices. NASA, the private company SpaceX，and other organizations all have plans to send humans there. Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we go out of existence,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said.But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most c
22、ommon argument against going is that its just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. Its not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.Maybe all the time and money people would pour into
23、 a Mars task would be better spent on more important projects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new
24、 planet. In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host some life. Human visitors may destroy this life or change the Martian environment forever. What do you think? Should humans colonize outer space or
25、 stay at home?4. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to_A. provide an explanationB. make a comparisonC. reach a conclusionD. introduce a topic5. In Paragraph 2, many experts recommend colonizing Mars in order to _.A. protect humans from dying outB. make Hawkings dream come trueC. seek more space
26、 for humans to live inD. encourage different organizations to compete6. For what reason are some scientists against colonizing Mars?A. Out of space, out of mind.B. Money should be well spent.C. East or west, home is the best.D. One should mind his own business.7. Whats the authors attitude towards c
27、olonizing Mars?A. Confident.B. Doubtful.C. Objective.D. Supportive.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论人类应该待在地球还是殖民其他星球。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth”（扩张或许是仅存的拯救我们自己的方式。我深信人类需要离开地球。）可知，文章开头就通过St
28、ephen Hawking的话引出话题：离开地球，去其他星球，故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“That way, if an asteroid (小行星), a terrible discase, or some other disaster strikes Earth, we would still have a chance.”（如果一颗小行星或其他的灾难袭击地球，我们通过这种方式，仍将有机会存活。）可知，殖民火星是为了保护人类，以免人类灭绝，故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“The most common argument against going is th
29、at its just too expensive or dangerous.”（反对去其他星球的言论中最普遍的是：太贵和危险。）可知，因为太贵，太危险，所以一些科学家反对殖民火星，故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet.”（然而待在地球比在一个新星球上生存更容易，花费更少。）及“moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything th
30、at already lives there.”（搬到新星球会伤害或毁灭那儿已经存在的生命。）可知，作者以客观的角度分析了是否移民火星这个问题，故选C项。CWhich hand do you use to write your name? Which foot do you use to kick a ball? You probably use the same hand or foot. Thats called your dominant side.About 90 percent of humans are right-handed. Scientists want to know w
31、hether other animals also have dominant sides. So they give simple challenges to zoo animals and pets.At first, chimpanzees（大猩猩） appeared to be left-handed. Dr. Hopkins watched chimpanzees as they went “ants fishing, using sticks to pull ants out. Most of the chimps did the job with their left hand.
32、 However, when chimpanzees ate butter from a narrow pipe, they tended to use the left hand to do the easy part (hold the pipe) and a finger on the right hand to do the hard part (reach in for the treat).Does that mean chimpanzees are left-handed for some tasks and right-handed for others? Thats not
33、likely. Dr. Hopkins says the chimps may have used the weaker hand to pull out the ants and the dominant hand to hit the insects and put them in mouths.But how about other animals? Dr. Wells wondered if cats are right- or left-pawed. At the beginning. he gave the cats the simple task of moving across
34、 the floor. The cats showed no preference; they used either paw. Dr. Wells also made the cats perform given movements. The researcher dropped a small fish into a can and wrote down which paw each cat used to fish out the treat. All of the female cats except one used the right paw. For males, 19 out
35、of 21 used the left paw. Dr. Wells tested each cat many times to make sure it really preferred to use one paw instead of the other.8. In Paragraph 1, the word dominant can be replaced by “_”.A. gentleB. powerfulC. oppositeD. unique9. What can we learn from Dr. Hopkins research?A. Chimpanzees use rig
36、ht hands for tough tasks.B. About 10 percent of humans are left-handed.C. Chimpanzees get the treat with the weaker hands.D. Left hands are more important in getting the butter out.10. Dr. Wells probably agreed that _.A. moving across the floor was a challenging task for catsB. various foods were ne
37、cessary to carry out a scientific studyC. eats used different paws each time in the repeated testsD. male and female cats had the opposite choice to get the fish11. As to whether other animals also have dominant sides, the two scientists _.A. saw eye to eye with each otherB. discovered it was not a
38、simple yes or noC. raised different animals to seek the truthD. worked together to perform experiments【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了两位科学家通过做实验想证明是否存在控制动物使用左右手的主导性因素。【8题详解】词句猜测题。通过文章第一段对“dominant side”的解释“Which hand do you use to write your name? Which foot do you use to kick a ball? You p
39、robably use the same hand or foot.（你用哪只手写你的名字？你用哪只脚踢球？你可能用同样的手或脚。）再根据根据第四段“Dr. Hopkins says the chimps may have used the weaker hand to pull out the ants and the dominant hand to hit the insects and put them in mouths.”可知，霍普金斯博士说，黑猩猩可能用较弱的那只手来拉出蚂蚁，用有力量的那只手来击打昆虫，然后把它们放进嘴里。”可知“dominant”可以替换为“powerful”
40、，意为“强有力的”。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“However, when chimpanzees ate butter from a narrow pipe, they tended to use the left hand to do the easy part (hold the pipe) and a finger on the right hand to do the hard part (reach in for the treat).（然而，当黑猩猩从狭窄的管子里吃黄油时，他们倾向于用左手做容易的部分（握住管子），用右手的一根手指做难的部分（伸手去拿食物）。
41、）”可知黑猩猩用右手做艰难的工作。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“All of the female cats except one used the right paw. For males, 19 out of 21 used the left paw.（除一只外，所有的雌猫都用右爪子。对于雄猫来说，21只中有19只使用左爪子。）”可知雄猫和雌猫抓鱼使用的爪子相反。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第四段“Does that mean chimpanzees are left-handed for some tasks and right-handed fo
42、r others? Thats not likely. Dr. Hopkins says the chimps may have used the weaker hand to pull out the ants and the dominant hand to hit the insects and put them in mouths.（这是否意味着黑猩猩在某些任务上是左撇子，而在其他任务上是右撇子？不太确定。霍普金斯博士说，黑猩猩可能用较弱的手拉出蚂蚁，用占优势的手击打昆虫并把它们放进嘴里。）”以及文章最后一句“Dr. Wells tested each cat many times t
43、o make sure it really preferred to use one paw instead of the other.（威尔斯博士对每只猫进行了多次测试，以确保它确实更喜欢用一只爪子而不是另一只爪子。）”可知对于“其他动物是否也有具有主导性因素”，两位科学家认为这不能简单确定是或否的问题。故选B项。DHello! Wait! Dont run away. Yes, I know I am a roach. So, whats wrong with that? You are speaking to the most successful species on the plan
44、et, you know! Weve been around for 350 million years!So whats the secret of our success? Sure, weve had plenty ofenemies. If youre small and full of protein, everything wants to eat you. So what did we do? We got quick, is what. We learned to hide, is what. We can squeeze so flat that we can fit thr
45、ough gap no bigger than a coin. Really! I dare you, try it.And we never skip a meal! What do we eat? What have you got? Rotting leaves, garbage glue, paper, leather.and if you like to eat dead things, I tell you, the world is your refrigerator! But just dont offer me a cucumber or plastics!Once huma
46、ns came along, we went everywhere humans went. In ships, on planes, in camepacks across the desert Roach road trin! We even followed them to space! Thats Uncle Anton. He hid on board the A pollo capsule he was so mad when they just came right back to earth.You cant have too many roaches. I say. Now
47、there are 4.000 species of us: Asian, American. German. hope you get to meet them all someday.Some of the family get pretty strange Thats Reginald. He thinks if he pretends to be a firefly, birds wont oat him. Thats tough old Ant Elo. She worked for some scientists trying to figure out ways to get r
48、id of us .ha! Poison, radiation, heat, coldwhatever they throw at us, we just get tougher. Bring it on!Aw, look. thats me just after my 15 brothers and sisters and I hatched （孵化) out from egg case. Yeah. I look pretty much the same. Thats another roach wonder we skip the larva stage(幼虫期).Our eggs ha
49、tch all ready to roll! Still pretty cute, though.Yep, thats how we got to be the most successful species on the planet!12. What may contribute to a roachs success?being flexible running like windbeing full of protein raising many babiesA. B. C. D. 13. According to Paragraph 5, who is Uncle Anton?A.
50、A hero.B. A spaceman.C. A roach.D. A traveler.14. What can we learn about roaches from the article?A. They can almost roll when they are brought to the world.B. Their number is coming down thanks to scientists efforts.C. Their home is usually equipped with a refrigerator full of foods.D. They are ge
51、tting along quite well with other species on the planet.15. What is the tone of the passage?A. Pitiful.B. Anxious.C. Serious.D. Humorous.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D【解析】本文是记叙文。文章通过蟑螂的视角讲述了蟑螂存活这么多年的原因。【12题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第三段“We got quick, is what. We learned to hide, is what. We can squeeze so flat that
52、we can fit through gap no bigger than a coin.（我们走得很快，就是这样。我们学会了隐藏，是什么。我们可以挤得很平，这样我们就可以穿过一个硬币大小的缝隙。）”可知蟑螂很灵活，并且跑的很快，故正确。通过文章第六段“Now there are 4.000 species of us: Asian, American. German. hope you get to meet them all someday.（现在我们有4000种：亚洲人，美国人。德语。希望有一天你能见到他们。）”可以推知蟑螂繁殖能力强，故正确，所以正确选项是。故选D项。【13题详解】推理
53、判断题。根据文章第五段对于安东叔叔的描写“He hid on board the A pollo capsule he was so mad when they just came right back to earth.（他躲在波洛太空舱里当他们刚刚回到地球时，他非常生气）”可以推知，安东叔叔是一只蟑螂。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“Thats another roach wonder we skip the larva stage .Our eggs hatch all ready to roll!（这是另一个蟑螂奇迹我们跳过了幼虫阶段。我们的卵孵化出来后就可以滚动
54、了！）”可知当蟑螂被带到这个世界上的时候，它们几乎就可以滚动了。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章通过蟑螂的口吻讲述了蟑螂存活这么多年的原因，文笔十分幽默。故选D项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多选项。Youve been invited to dine with the Prime Minister(首相) of Vietnam Nguyen Tan Dung.A good first impression is important. To be a good guest, you need
55、to be prepared and confident._16_.You will be correct if you refer to the Prime Minister as Mr. Dung-and not Mr. Nguyen. Nguyen is the family name; Dung, the given name, the primary means of address. Tradition has the family name passed onto the next generation by the father._17_. Vietnamese are wel
56、l trained in being self-controlled and expect it of others. As a visitor, keep your voice down. Beckoning(打手势) with your finger is also impolite. It is OK if you use your whole hand with your palm down. The Vietnamese do not like to say “no. Dont ask negative questions, for they only tend to puzzle.
57、_18_.Any physical contact in public, especially with women. is a taboo(禁忌). Vietnamese dont always shake hands upon greeting either, but will bow with respect._19_. Only elders are allowed to touch heads-but still not allowed to touch shoulders.Youll soon be joining the Prime Minister with other gue
58、sts. Your dinner would probably be noodle soup with beef using very little oil and lots of Vietnamese vegetables.Arrive on time for your dinner appointment with the Prime Minister. Bring him a simple gift something from China, but nothing fancy._20_, and a warm, sincere smile is still good way to en
59、d a good day in any country.A. Speak softly in a quiet voiceB. The information youll need is in handC. Make good preparations for the dinnerD. It will be good if you listen more than you speakE. Good manners show that you have enjoyed the mealF. You should express your puzzlement without hesitationG
60、. It is considered impolite to touch anyones shoulder or head【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. E【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了到越南人家拜访一些注意事项。【16题详解】上文“A good first impression is important. To be a good guest, you need to be prepared and confident.（良好的第一印象很重要。要成为一个好客人，你需要有准备和自信。）”提到拜访之前要做好准备。再由下文几点关于准备上的建议可知B选项“你需要知道
61、的事情如下”符合文意，承上启下。故选B项。【17题详解】通过下文“As a visitor, keep your voice down.（作为一位访客，声音要小点。）”可知上文设空处强调的是声音问题，A选项“轻声细语”为本段标题，voice是关键词。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Dont ask negative questions, for they only tend to puzzle.（不要问消极的问题，因为它们只会让人困扰。）”讲了说话方面的注意事项，可见D选项“如果你多听少说就好了”符合文意。 Dont ask呼应you listen 。故选D项。【19题详解】上文“Any phy
62、sical contact in public, especially with women is a taboo. Vietnamese dont always shake hands upon greeting either, but will bow with respect.（任何在公共场合的身体接触都是禁忌，尤其是与女性。越南人打招呼时也不总是握手，但会鞠躬表示敬意。）”与下文“Only elders are allowed to touch heads-but still not allowed to touch shoulders.（只有长者才可以摸头，但仍然不能摸肩。）”都说明
63、了身体接触方面的注意事项。故G选项“碰任何人的肩膀或头被认为是不礼貌的”承上启下，符合文意。taboo呼应 impolite 。 touch anyones shoulder or head呼应touch heads。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“a warm, sincere smile is still good way to end a good day in any country.（在任何国家，一个温暖、真诚的微笑仍然是结束美好一天的好方法。）”说明选项与后文为并列关系来说明的礼貌的重要性。E项“礼貌表明你很喜欢这顿饭”符合文意，Good manners 呼应a warm, sinc
64、ere smile 。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。For ten years my father had been fighting cancer. Now he was forced into the hospital because of an infection. I sensed he_21_being there, but he hardly complained. That wasnt his_22_One
65、night after_23_ to call a nurse, he tried to reach the bathroom on his own and fell, getting his_24_ injured. When I saw his wounded head the next day, I felt my helpless anger_25_.Why isnt anything I can do? I thought. As if_26_ my thoughts, when the lift I waited for opened, two dogs greeted me. I
66、 was_27_ that hospital rules should allow it.A(n) _28_ grew as I walked to my car.I_29_ that if I could give my dad nothing else, I was going to give him some_30_ with his beloved dog Boots. When dad was at home, Boots was always there, watching him protectively. When dad had to go to the hospital,
67、Boots waited and jumped every time a car_31_ to the house. Later that day I came back for another_32_, bringing Boots. Upon arrival, Boots flew out of the car and dragged me through the hospital lobby._33_, she knew to stop directly in front of the very lift._34_ she had never been here before, when
68、 the lift door opened, she ran directly into the room. Ever so gently, she crawled into my fathers open arms, not touching his _35_ sides and laid her face next to his. For the first time in a long time, I saw my fathers broad smile.21 A. escapedB. missedC. avoidedD. hated22. A. wayB. aimC. viewD. r
69、eply23. A. battlingB. failingC. seekingD. sweating24. A. handB. footC. kneeD. head25. A. existB. spreadC. riseD. recover26. A. in search forB. in response toC. in honor ofD. in common with27. A. alarmedB. satisfiedC. shockedD. concerned28. A. reflectionB. impressionC. tensionD. inspiration29. A. adm
70、ittedB. expectedC. doubtedD. decided30. A. minutesB. strugglesC. adventureD. impression31. A. set offB. pulled upC. pushed overD. shot up32. A. visitB. checkC. occasionD. contact33. A. DefinitelyB. FranklyC. SurprisinglyD. Immediately34. A. AlthoughB. UnlessC. SinceD. Once35. A. achingB. movingC. th
71、inD. strong【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲生病了，作者将父亲的狗带到了医院陪伴父亲的感人故事。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到他讨厌在那里，但他几乎没有抱怨。A. escaped逃走；B. missed错过；C. avoided躲避；D. hated讨厌。根据后文的“but he hardly complained.”可知父亲几乎没有抱怨，“but”一词说明前后呈转折关系。
72、所以设空处应该是表示父亲厌恶去医院。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那不是他的风格。A. way风格；B. aim目标；C. view视图；D. reply回复。本句中的“That”指代的是抱怨不是父亲的风格。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天晚上，在呼叫护士失败后，他试图自己去洗手间，结果摔倒了。A. battling战斗；B. failing失败；C. seeking寻求；D. sweating出汗。根据下文“he tried to reach the bathroom on his own and fell”可知，他试图自己去洗手间，结果摔倒了。所以父亲
73、应该是叫护士没有成功，才会导致摔倒。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：摔伤了头。A. hand手；B. foot脚；C. knee膝盖；D. head头。根据下文“When I saw his wounded head the next day”可知父亲摔伤的是头。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我看到他受伤的头时，我感受到我无助的怒气在上升。A. exist存在；B. spread传播；C. rise上升；D. recover恢复。通过下文“Why isnt anything I can do? I thought.”可知作者心中升起了一股无助的怒火。
74、故选C项。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我等待的电梯打开时，两条狗映入我的眼帘，就好像是对我的想法的回应。A. in search for为了寻找；B. in response to为了回应；C. in honor of为了纪念；D. in common with。根据下文“two dogs greeted me”可知，两条狗好像在回应作者。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很震惊医院的规定竟然允许这样做。A. alarmed使担心；B. satisfied使满意；C. shocked使震惊；D. concerned使关心。根据“hospital rules shou
75、ld allow it.”可知，作者震惊医院的规定竟然允许这样做。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向我的车时，我产生了灵感。A. reflection思考；B. impression印象；C. tension紧张；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“if I could give my dad nothing else, I was going to give him some 10 with his beloved dog Boots. ”可知作者产生了一种想法，受了启发。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定，如果我不能给我爸爸任何别的东西，我
76、就给一些和他的狗在一起的时间。A. admitted承认；B. expected预期；C. doubted怀疑；D. decided决定。根据下文得知，作者决定把狗带到医院去。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定，如果我不能给我爸爸任何别的东西，我就给一些和他的狗在一起的时间。A. minutes分钟；B. struggles挣扎；C. adventure冒险；D. impression印象。根据上文可知，作者决定把狗带来。下文“When dad was at home, Boots was always there, watching him protectively.”说
77、明父亲很爱他的狗。所以作者决定给父亲一些和他的狗在一起的时间。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当爸爸不得不去医院的时候，每次有车停在房前，布茨就等待着并且上蹿下跳。A. set off出发；B. pulled up停下；C. pushed over推倒；D. shot up射出。根据“, Boots waited and jumped every time”这里表示有车停在房前。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚些时候，我带着布茨又返回医院去看望父亲。A. visit看望；B. check检查；C. occasion造成；D. contact联系。根据上文“
78、came back for another”可知作者返回去看望父亲。故选A项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，她知道在正确的电梯前面停下。A. Definitely明确地；B. Frankly坦率地；C. Surprisingly意外地；D. Immediately立刻地。通过下文“she had never been here before”可知布茨从来没来过医院，所以作者对于她知道在正确的电梯前面停下而感到很意外。故选C项。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然她以前从未来过这里，但电梯门一打开，她就直接跑进了房间。A. Although虽然；B. Unless除非
79、；C. Since自从；D. Once一就。通过后文“she had never been here before, when the lift door opened, she ran directly into the room.”可知她以前虽然从未来过这里，但她能准确地找到主人的房间。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地爬进我父亲张开的双臂，不去碰他疼痛的两侧，把脸靠在他旁边。A. aching疼痛的；B. moving移动的；C. thin瘦弱的；D. strong强壮的。根据上文“so gently”以及作者带到父亲患了癌症可知布茨特别小心，轻柔的，不去碰父亲疼
80、痛的地方。故选A项。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Winter Solstice FestivalAs early as 2,500 years ago, about the Spring and Autumn Period, China decided the point of Winter Solstice by observing the_36_ (move) of the sun. The time will be each December 21 or 22 according to the Grego
81、rian calendar.The Northern hemisphere on this day experiences the_37_(short)daytime and longest nighttime. As ancient Chinese thought, the yang, positive things, will become stronger and stronger after this day,_38_ it should be celebrated.The Winter Solstice became a festival during the Han Dynasty
82、 and thrived in the Tang and Song dynasties. The Han people_39_(regard) Winter Solstice as a “Winter Festival, so officials would organize celebrating _40_(active). On this day, both officials and common people would have a rest. In the Tang and Song dynasties, the Winter Solstice was a day to offer
83、 sacrifices(祭品) to Heaven and ancestors. The Qing Dynasty even had the record that “Winter Solstice is as formal as the Spring Festival, representing the great importance _41_(attach) to this day.In some parts of Northern China people eat dumplings,_42_will keep them from frost in the upcoming winte
84、r. But in parts of South China, the whole family will get together to have _43_ special meal made of red-bean and rice to drive away bad things. The Winter Solstice dumplings could_44_ (use) as sacrifices to ancestors, or gifts for friends and relative. People of the same family name gather together
85、 to honor their ancestors_45_age order. After the ceremony, there is always a big dinner.【答案】36. movement(s) 37. shortest 38. so/and 39. regarded 40. activities 41. attached 42. which 43. a 44. be used 45. in【解析】这是一篇说明文。主语介绍了在中国，冬至的起源、发展以及不同区域不同的庆祝习俗。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：早在2500年前的春秋时期，中国通过观察太阳运动，测定出冬至点。此空
86、在定冠词the后充当observe的宾语，应该用名词形式，movement表示“运动”时，既是可数名词又是不可数名词，做可数名词时，此处表示太阳不断运动，也就是很多次的运动，用复数形式；做不可数名词时，用单数形式。故填movement(s)。【37题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：冬至是北半球全年中白天最短，黑夜最长的一天。根据句意以及空后的longest nighttime“最长的夜”，此处应该用最高级，表示“最短的白天”，故填shortest。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：正如古代的中国人相信的，这天之后，阳气会变得越来越强，所以它应该庆祝。分词句子结构可知，此空需用连词连接空格前后两句话，
87、根据句意，两句话是因果关系，and表因果关系时，相当于so，所以可以填so或and，故填so/and。【39题详解】考查动词时态。句意：汉朝时期的人们把冬至当作一个“冬节”，所以，官员要为“冬节”组织庆祝活动。此空是动词做谓语，结合主语，描述的是汉代的事，应用一般过去时态，且主语和动词之间是主动关系，故填regarded。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：参见上题。此空前有现在分词修饰，又是做organize的宾语，应该用名词的形式，且官员组织的活动应该有很多，所以用名词复数形式，故填activities。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：清朝甚至有冬至和春节一样正式的记载，代表了冬至这一天的重
88、要性。分析句子结构可知，此空用非谓语动词做great importance的后置定语，再根据短语attach great importance to“认为很重要”，所以great importance和attach之间是动宾关系，此处应该用过去分词形式，故填attached。【42题详解】考查定语从句中关系代词。句意：在中国一些北方地区，这一天人们会吃饺子，可以使他们在即将到来的冬天不被冻伤。空格是非限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是dumplings，代表物，从句中缺主语，应用which引导，故填which。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：但是在中国的南方地区，全家人团聚在一起，吃一顿由红豆和大
89、米做成的特殊的饭，来驱走邪恶的东西。此处泛指“一顿特殊的饭”，名词前应该用不定冠词，名词前定语special是辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。【44题详解】考查被动语态。句意：冬至饺子被当作给先人的祭品，或者是给亲戚朋友的礼物。主语dumplings和动词use之间是被动关系，且此空在情态动词后，应该用动词原形，故填be used。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：同姓氏的人们会聚在一起按长幼顺序祭拜祖先。固定搭配in age order“按年龄顺序；按长幼”，故填in。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节应用文写作（满分15分)46. 近日，你们学校食堂准备推出“小份菜(smaller di
90、shes)”。请你代表校学生会用英语写封倡议书，内容包括:1. 简要描述“小份菜”；2. “小份菜”的意义（不少于两点）；3. 号召大家响应。参考词汇: thrift n.节约注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯；3. 开头和结尾已经给出，不包含在词数内。【答案】Dear fellow students,Our school canteen plans to serve smaller dishes. Instead of a full plate of food, you are inspired to take smaller dishes when orderi
91、ng your meals.Considering the critical food shortages, serving half-portioned dishes is necessary and meaningful. Not only does it curb the unnecessary waste but it helps advocate the practice of being thrifty. So good is the virtue that it deserves promotion.Welcome to take an active part. Lets sta
92、rt small and small acts make a big difference. Students Union【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表校学生会对学校食堂准备推出的“小份菜”，写封倡议书。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。要求：1. 简要描述“小份菜”；2.“小份菜”的意义；3. 号召大家响应。第二步:列提纲 plan to; serve; Instead of ; be inspired to do; order; not only.but also; advocate; virtue; deserve; take a
93、n active part; make a big difference第三步：连词成句1. Our school canteen plans to serve smaller dishes.2. Instead of a full plate of food, you are inspired to take smaller dishes when ordering your meals.3. Considering the critical food shortages, serving half-portioned dishes is necessary and meaningful.4
94、. Not only does it curb the unnecessary waste but it helps advocate the practice of being thrifty.5. So good is the virtue that it deserves promotion.6. Welcome to take an active part. 7. Lets start small and small acts make a big difference.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1. 表文章结构顺序：First of
95、all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second, Finally, In the end, At last (供参考)2. 表并列补充关系：not onlybut (also)3. 表结果：sothat 4. 表转折对比关系：instead of连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1：Considering the critical food shortages, serving half-portioned dishes is necessary and meaningful. (现在分词considering作状
96、语，serving动名词做主语)高分句型2：Not only does it curb the unnecessary waste but it helps advocate the practice of being thrifty. (not only放在句首，用到了部分倒装结构)高分句型3：So good is the virtue that it deserves promotion. (so+adj./adv. that形式，so放句首，句子用部分倒装结构)第二节概要写作（满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Door-to-door food de
97、livery (快递) service has become increasingly popular in cities due to the fast development of online shopping and the busy life in China.As food delivery is extremely common in China it creates large amounts of waste due to the plastic containers. bags, and chopsticks that come with each order. This
98、in turn has contributed to great environmental concerns for the waste packaging materials. We have therefore measured the amount of food delivery packaging waste in China. The results show that the total amount of packaging waste rose from 0.2 million metric tons in 2015 to 1.5 million metric tons i
99、n 2020.Over-packaging is also a concern. The food delivery packaging is not the fancier, the better. Instead, it is the more environment-friendly, the better.Therefore, it is high time that regulations were adopted to stop restaurants and companies from spending too much on unnecessary packaging and
100、 wrapping. Also, smart policy suggestions should be provided to handle the pressing issues, particularly using the Reduce, Reuse and Recycle environment-friendly practices.As the largest city in China, Shanghai has an important role in creating and seeking an efficient solution to the problem of was
101、te. With over 24 million people living in Shanghai, materials sustainability (可持续性), particularly that of plastics, is a big problem. For example, delivery companies like Saucepan have begun to reduce the plastic usage of the food delivery in Shanghai by using biodegradable（可降解的) packaging in the de
102、livery process. Besides, it encourages customers to recycle their plastic bags and reward them for every 10 used bags that they return to the company.【答案】With food delivery gaining popularity, relevant problems are arising. Material waste as well as over-packaging has been a big headache, adding pre
103、ssure to our worsening environment. Thus, regulations and policies should be adopted to ban unnecessary waste and encourage a green lifestyle. Shanghai has set a good example in this respect with the practices of biodegradable packaging and rewarding system.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由于网购的快速发展以及繁忙的生活，使送餐
104、越来越受欢迎，但是与此同时，也产生了材料浪费和过度包装这样的加速环境恶化的问题。因此，应当出台相应的法规和政策禁止不必要的浪费，提倡使用更环保的材料，鼓励绿色生活方式。当然，上海在积极探索解决浪费的方法，比如使用可降解的包装以及鼓励消费者循环使用塑料袋。【详解】1. 要点摘录. Door-to-door food delivery service has become increasingly popular in cities. As food delivery is extremely common in China, it has contributed to great environ
105、mental concerns for the waste packaging materials. It is high time that regulations were adopted to stop spending too much on unnecessary packaging and wrapping. Also, smart policy suggestions should be provided to handle the pressing issues. In Shanghai, delivery companies have begun using biodegra
106、dable packaging in the delivery process. Besides, it encourages customers to recycle their plastic bags and reward them.2. 缜密构思将第1、2、3要点进行重组，将要点4进行整合。3.遣词造句Because food delivery service has become increasingly popular in cities, it has contributed to great environmental problems. It is necessary tha
107、t regulations and smart policies should be adopted to stop material waste and encourage environment-friendly lifestyle.Shanghai encourages biodegradable packaging and advises customers to recycle their plastic bags.【点睛】高分句型1：Material waste as well as over-packaging has been a big headache, adding pr
108、essure to our worsening environment. 运用adding现在分词作状语对第二段进行了概括。其中as well as连接并列名词做主语，短语addto用法高级。高分句型2：Thus, regulations and policies should be adopted to ban unnecessary waste and encourage a green lifestyle. 用并列动词不定式to ban and encourage做目的状语对第三段进行了概括，其中用到了动词不定式的省略，表达非常高级。高分句型3：Shanghai has set a good example in this respect with the practices of biodegradable packaging and rewarding system. 此句概括了第四段内容。其中短语set a good example以及 in this respect用法比较高级。
