1、Section Grammar 复习定语和定语从句语法图解探究发现I thought this vast wave of food was the total number of dishes to be served.Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down,continuing to chat.I still remember what I ate:a tuna fish and cheese sandwich.Do you know the girl singing ov
2、er there?He is always the first person to leave the office.One evening he was entertaining the ruler of a small island in the Pacific.However,there are other kinds of foods that have taken longer for me to accept.But one thing I do admire is the polite manner in which British people eat,even if it i
3、s just a potato.As we all know,Vladimir Putin was elected President of Russia a fourth time.The sun heats the earth,which is very important to us.我的发现(1)句中，黑体部分在句中均作定语，且 句中作前置定语，作后置定语。(2)由句可知，形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词。(3)句中，黑体部分均为从句。(4)句中，黑体部分为。后面定语非限制性定语从句一、定 语1定义定语是用来修饰名词或代词的词。可用作定语的词有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、从
4、句以及非谓语动词等。(1)名词作定语修饰另一名词时，一般用单数形式；man 和woman 作定语时，可以用单数和复数两种形式，但必须随所修饰的名词的数而定。He broke a coffee cup.他打碎了一个咖啡杯。He said that two women teachers would come to our village next week.他说两个女老师下周要来我们村。(2)用作定语的代词为形容词性物主代词、of 所有格和不定代词所有格。Her proposal is worth considering.她的建议值得考虑。My business is none of your b
5、usiness.我的事与你无关。(3)基数词和序数词都可用作定语。We belong to the Third World.我们属于第三世界。2位置定语的位置有两种：前置定语和后置定语。(1)形容词作定语时要置于其修饰的名词前，但表语形容词作后置定语；形容词修饰不定代词时也要后置。All the people present were for the plan.在场的所有人都同意这项计划。There is something wrong with my watch.我的手表出毛病了。(2)有些时间和地点副词(如：above,here,there 等)作后置定语。Put the book on
6、the shelf above.把这本书放在上面的架子上。(3)介词短语、非谓语动词和从句通常作后置定语。That is the teaching plan for you to discuss.那就是供你们讨论的那份教学计划。There is nothing that worries him.没有什么事使他烦恼。3多个作定语的形容词的顺序当多个形容词作定语时，其大概位置关系如下：大小(形状、年龄)颜色来源材料用途被修饰的词a pair of black Spanish leather boots一双黑色的西班牙皮靴some beautiful little red flowers一些美丽的小
7、红花the first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge第一座美丽的中国小白木桥即时演练 1 画出下列句子中的定语Youre a real fool if you believe it.答案：Youre a fool if you believe it.They played an important football match against Liverpool last Sunday.答案：They played an match against Liverpool last Sunday.My hair needs cutting
8、.答案：hair needs cutting.Theres only one way to solve it.答案：Theres only way.realimportant footballMyoneto solve itThe two rooms upstairs are my sisters bedrooms.答案：The rooms are bedrooms.He was walking in the park with a walking stick in his hand.答案：He was walking in the park with a stick in _hand.Loo
9、k at the broken glasses.答案：Look at the glasses.The man who caused the accident escaped.答案：The man escaped.twoupstairsmy sisterswalkinghisbrokenwho caused the accident二、定语从句定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。1定语从句中关系词的用法He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天看见的那个人。Please pass me the book whose cover i
10、s green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包裹快散了。Can you still remember that evening when we met for the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那个晚上吗？Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived?你能带我看看莎士比亚曾住过的那座房子吗？I dont know the reason why he didnt tell it to his
11、 father.我不明白为什么他没有把这件事告诉他父亲。名师点津(1)表示“方式”的名词 way 后的定语从句中如果关系词在从句中作方式状语，关系词用 that 或 in which，也可省略关系词。I dont like the way(that/in which)he talks to me.我不喜欢他和我说话的方式。(2)as 引导限制性定语从句，指代人或物，在从句中作宾语或主语，通常用于下列结构：the same.as 意为“同一样的”，such.as 意为“像这/那样的”；引导非限制性定语从句，指代整句话，常译为“正如”；从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。We do the s
12、ame work as they(do)我们和他们干同样的活。Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。2“介词关系词”引导的定语从句(1)关系代词作介词的宾语，当介词置于定语从句句首时，关系代词只能用 which(指物)或 whom(指人)。The pencil with which he was writing suddenly broke.他正在用来写字的铅笔突然断了。Look at the photo.This is Mr Green,in front of whom si
13、t three students.看这张照片。这是格林先生，在他的前面坐着三个学生。Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?你还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？(2)“不定代词或数词ofwhich/whom”引导的定语从句可转化为“ofwhich/whom不定代词或数词”引导的定语从句。其中不定代词为：some,any,none,both,all,many,a few,few,a little,little,either,neither,one,most,part 等。There are 40 students in our c
14、lass,most of whom(of whom most)like English.我们班有 40 名学生，他们中的大多数喜欢英语。(3)“whose名词”引导定语从句时，可转化为“the名词ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whomthe名词”。介词of 表示所有关系。I live in a room whose windows are all broken.I live in a room the windows of which(of which the windows)are all broken.我住在一个窗户都坏了的房间里。(4)“某些介词关系副词”也可引导定语从句
15、。He graduated from Beijing University in 1988,since when he has improved himself in all aspects.他 1988 年毕业于北京大学。从那时起他在各方面都提高了。即时演练 2(1)单句语法填空Do you still remember the farm we visited three months ago?Is that the small town you often refer to?Yes,just the one I used to work for twenty years.Jim passe
16、d the driving test,surprised everybody in the office.Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?which/thatwherewhichthatThe organization was founded by the two boys,parents are both investors.Mr Brown is a man you can turn to for help when you are in trouble.The
17、number of smokers,is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.There are two things which you should pay attention while learning English.The house,which the roof was blown off by the wind,is the oldest one in this village.whosewhom/who/thatastoofDo you know the lady whom our manager is ta
18、lking in the office?He explained the reason which he had done the thing for the old.I dont like the way which he treats his parents.withforin(2)单句改错Reading has a lot of advantages,one of them is that it helps you develop reading skills.First,the place where weve decided to visit the Forest Park is n
19、ot far away from the city._themwhichwherewhich/that 或去掉whereFrom this experience I have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth.My house is about three kilometers far away from Xian Muslim Street where is full of local foods.At the same time,another student,that saw
20、everything,went up to help.My father was easily cheated,what surprised me._bridge 后加 that/whichwherewhich/thatthatwhowhatwhich链接高考单句语法填空1(2019全国卷)They were well trained by their masters had great experience with caring for these animals.who解析：考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词 their masters，且在从句
21、中作主语，故填关系代词 who。2(2019北京高考)The students benefitting most from college are those are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源)who/that解析：考查定语从句的引导词。先行词是 those，指大学生们，故用 who 引导定语从句，who 在从句中作主语。关系代词 that 可以指人，故填 who/that。3(2019江苏高考改编)We have ente
22、red into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.when解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：我们已经进入了一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句的主谓宾成分齐全，先行词是表示时间的名词an age，故用关系副词 when 引导定语从句。4(2018北京高考改编)She and her family bicycle to work,_ helps them keep fit.which解析：考查定语从句的引导词。句意：她和她的家人骑自行车上班，这有助于他们保持健康。分析句子结构可知，此处用 whic
23、h 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的事。5(2017全国卷)Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health.which解析：考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为前面的整个句子，故填关系代词 which。6(2017全国卷)But Sarah,_ has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as
24、 beauty.who解析：考查定语从句的关系词。此句中 Sarah 是主语，wants是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处空格所在句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填 who。7(2017北京高考改编)The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.that/which解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。分析句子结构可知，空格所在句子为定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，故填
25、that/which。8(2017天津高考改编)My eldest son,work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.whose解析：考查定语从句的关系词。句意：我的大儿子的工作需要他奔波于世界各地，他现在在纽约。从句意和结构来看，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作定语，故填whose。演练提能.单句语法填空1They turned a deaf ear to our demands,made us quite angry.2All the books were collected from the st
26、udents will be sent to those schools in the countryside.3We went to Guilin,we enjoyed ourselves.4The subway (complete)next year will ease the traffic jam in this city.5The concert (give)by the students yesterday was a great success.whichthatwhereto be completedgiven6I got a text message just now (sa
27、y)that there was something wrong with my credit card.7He has a lot of work (do)this weekend,so he cant go to Dalian with us.8 was expected,he performed the task with success.9She had eight children,three of grew up.10The buses,most of _ were already full,were surrounded by angry crowd.sayingto doAsw
28、homwhich.完成句子1一个五岁的孩子正在叠纸飞机。A is folding a.2那个男孩在房间里发现了某件奇怪的东西。The boy found in the room.3这条被污染的河散发出难闻的气味。_ gives off a terrible smell.4众所周知，由于全球气候变化，地球正变得越来越暖和。_,the earth is becoming warmer and warmer due to the global climate change.five-year-old boypaper planesomething strangeThe polluted riverA
29、s we all know5没经历过暴风雨的水手永远不会成为一名优秀的水手。A sailor will never become an excellent sailor.6我特别的爱好是读书看报，这已经成为我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。My favorite hobby is reading books and newspapers,_.7在假期，我会住在乡下，那里空气新鲜而且人们友好。During holiday seasons,I will live in the countryside,_.who has experienced no stormwhichhas become a nec
30、essary part of my daily lifewherethe air is fresh and people are friendly8他昨天是在一家新的红砖砌的大餐厅吃的饭。He had his dinner in an dining hall yesterday.9明天举行的会议非常重要。The meeting tomorrow is very important.10坐在桌边的那个男人站起来向我道别。The man stood up and said“Bye”to me.new large brickto be heldsitting at the table.短文改错Dea
31、r Jack，Thanks for your letter.Im glad youve been offered two summer jobs at same time working in a restaurant and working in a museum.If I were him,I would take the one in the museum.First,you can gain more knowledge about history,that will enrich your life great.Second，you can make more friend from
32、 different parts of the country by serve them when working there.Finally,compared to the job in the restaurant,working in the museum can be most challenging.If you find a position there,Im sure youll see a rapid improve in both your character or abilities.You will also have great time.Good luck!Yours，Li Hua答案：第二句：at 后加 the 第三句：himyou第四句：thatwhich;greatgreatly第五句：friendfriends;serveserving 第六句：mostmore第七句：improveimprovement;orand第八句：have 后加 a谢谢 观 看
