1、Unit 4 Global warming grammar课时作业第一节 阅读(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASome students prefer a part-time job after class to earn some money and improve themselves. Here are some good companies:1. In-N-Out BurgerIt is the best hamburger shop in the west of America. Regarded as
2、one of the best employers, it offers flexible working hours and the highest part-time salaries. Above all, the company treats its employees the way they would like to be treated: like family. However, there is no discount offered to its employees.Position: selling assistant (experience required)2. S
3、tarbucks CoffeeStarbucks has been at the forefront(前沿) of the United States coffee revolution. Working hours are flexible. Fit twenty hours of work into your week. There is also a 30% discount and a free pound of coffee or box of tea every week.Position: assistant coffee taster (experience required)
4、3. Whole Foods MarketWhole Foods Market is the worlds largest natural and organic food selling company. With its focus on organic ingredients, Whole Foods Market is all about health. Working hours are free. Benefits include paid time off and a 20% discount so you can eat like a king or at least like
5、 a top chef in training. There are also training courses on health and food every week.Position: secretary4. Lands EndLands End is a Wisconsin-based clothes store that focuses on casual comfort and warmth for the great out-doors. Employees(even part-time employees) have the chance to go to a company
6、-owned entertainment centre and get a 25% discount on theme parks and movies, and an invitation to the yearly company picnic. Besides, for part-time employees, they can come to work anytime they like as long as they work for 4 hours a day.Position: salesperson1. Which company offers its employees th
7、e best discount?A. In-N-Out Burger.B. Starbucks Coffee.C. Lands End.D. Whole Foods Market.解析:细节理解题。根据文章中Starbucks Coffee部分的“There is also a 30% discount and a free pound of coffee or box of tea every week.”可知,星巴克的折扣最优惠,故B选项正确。答案:B2. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To explain what the best part
8、-time job is.B. To persuade students to take part-time jobs.C. To introduce some part-time job opportunities.D. To compare different kinds of part-time jobs.解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文介绍了四份兼职工作。故选C。答案:C3. What do the four companies have in common?A. Related experience is required.B. Training courses are offe
9、red.C. Working hours are flexible.D. Employees can get high salaries.解析:细节理解题。根据文章中In-N-Out Burger部分的“. it offers flexible working hours .”,Starbucks Coffee部分的“Working hours are flexible.”,Whole Foods Market部分的“Working hours are free.”,以及Lands End部分的“. they can come to work anytime .”可知这四家公司都提供灵活的工作
10、时间,故C项正确。答案:CBIt isnt easy being a princess. A princess addresses large crowds and uses perfect manners. A princess must always be polite and sweet and sometimes repairs car engines and fixes tires. Princess Elizabeth really did so.Before she was the Queen of England, Princess Elizabeth wanted to jo
11、in the ATS, a female branch of the British military. It was in World War that women worked at jobs traditionally held by men.Elizabeth was a teenager and first had to convince(使信服) her parents of her plan. Her parents thought it was too dangerous, but she would not take no for an answer. “I ought to
12、 do as other girls of my age do,” she said firmly. After some months, her parents finally agreed. Princess Elizabeth did not receive any special treatment in the ATS. The only thing that was different was that she returned to Windsor Castle each night to sleep.When she arrived at the ATS camp for he
13、r first day of training, she was greeted by a jacked-up car with its wheels off. In the following weeks, she learned to take apart an engine and then assemble(组装) it. The princess loved the training, admitting, “Im a mechanic at last. Ive scraped the skin off my knuckles.”Princess Elizabeth worked o
14、n cars, trucks, and even tank engines. She also learned to read maps and drive cars, ambulances, and military trucks. To complete her ATS training, she was required to drive a big truck on her own.The King and Queen thought driving a truck was too dangerous, but before they could let her know how th
15、ey felt, they discovered Elizabeth driving a truck onto the palace grounds. She had driven from the ATS camp through the busy London streets all by herself.Now at her old age, she still drivessometimes in London but more often around her large property at Balmoral Castle in Scotland. Being a queen r
16、equires a lot of hard work, but it can be fun as well. Queen Elizabeth loves horses and still rides four times each week. She still likes to get a little dirty. She actively manages her estate farm at Balmoral and is often seen hiking through the countryside there.4. Why was Elizabeth such a special
17、 princess?A. Because she did many jobs always done by men.B. Because she joined the army.C. Because she was sent abroad to fight against the enemy.D. Because she liked to repair some broken cars and trucks.解析:细节理解题。从第一、第二段的内容可知,伊丽莎白公主当过兵,参加过ATS,这是她特殊的地方。故选B项。答案:B5. At the ATS camp, Elizabeth .A. spe
18、nt one of the happiest moments in her lifeB. received strict training in various aspectsC. failed to complete her trainingD. was trained for a long time as an excellent princess解析:细节理解题。从第四段中的“In the following weeks, she learned to take apart an engine and then assemble it.” “Ive scraped the skin of
19、f my knuckles.”和第五段中的“She also learned to read maps . on her own.”可知,在军营里,伊丽莎白不仅在机械方面,而且在其他方面都受到严格的训练。故选B项。答案:B6. What do we know about Elizabeth from the last paragraph?A. She does a lot of hard work on her own farm.B. She finds it difficult to become a qualified queen.C. She has some difficulty in
20、 managing her spare time.D. She leads a meaningful life even if she is at an old age.解析:细节理解题。从最后一段的内容可知,尽管伊丽莎白已经年老,但她仍然开车、骑马、经营农场,她的生活很有意义,也很充实。故选D项。答案:D7. Which of the following words can best describe Elizabeth?A. Energetic, homesick and capable.B. Confident, lovely and selfish.C. Brave, capable
21、and independent.D. Strong, proud and adventurous.解析:推理判断题。从参军这件事可以看出伊丽莎白勇敢且有主见,从在军队受训时的表现可以看出她很能干。故选C项。答案:CCAlmost every second of every day an older adult falls in the United States. Thats approximately 29 million falls per year and nearly 27,000 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control
22、 and Prevention.The Active Pelvis Orthosis (APO) system in Switzerland wants to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton(外骨骼) that can detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed.Other exoskeletons, either in development or
23、on the market today, assist with movement and make heavy objects feel lighter. Mobility-impaired people can walk again. But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move.The 3-kilogramme exoskeleton was built entirely from scratch by
24、the research team and is designed to be worn on the lower half of the body. A waistband connects to two movable carbon fiber braces(支架), each one positioned on the outer side of a leg. Tiny motors and so-called “adaptive oscillators”(适配振荡器) in the computer circuits use a special process to detect th
25、e wearers unique paces. That part takes just a few minutes.While wearing the exoskeleton, a person may feel the braces and the motors pushing slightly on their legs. If their paces go against normal, the motors create a force in the braces that cause them to stiffen up and push a little more strongl
26、y against the legs, which provides stability.In the next three years, the APO hopes to develop something that is commercially available.8. Why is the new exoskeleton invented?A. To slower users walking paces.B. To improve users walking ability.C. To promote users sense of balance.D. To prevent users
27、 from falling.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的“. to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton that can detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed.”可知,APO系统想制作一个轻量级、可穿戴的外骨骼来防止老年佩戴者摔倒,故D项符合题意。答案:D9. Whats the feature of the new exoskeleton?A.
28、It keeps users warm. B. It is worn on the back.C. It helps users move around.D. It corrects an unsteady move.解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的“But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move.”可知,目前的一些设备都无法预测佩戴者下一步会做什么,也无法采取措施纠正不稳定的移动,故D项符合题意。答案:D10.
29、What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. How the new exoskeleton works.B. Where the braces are positioned.C. How long it takes to detect the users paces.D. How the new exoskeleton was built.解析:段落大意题。通读第四段可知,本段主要讲述的是这种新设备是如何工作的,故A项正确。答案:A11. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
30、?A. To call on care for the elderly.B. To introduce a new invention.C. To advertise a new device.D. To bring the elderly hope.解析:主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一款新设备,它能够预测佩戴者下一步会做什么,同时采取措施纠正不稳定的移动来防止老年佩戴者摔倒。故B选项正确。答案:BD We live in a world where we want everything instantly. In this instant world it is hard to succeed
31、 in anything. To achieve your goal you first have to change your life from instantly to persistently(坚持地).Persistence is the course you need to set. When you change your expectancy from instantly to persistently you will gain an advantage of time that many do not have. Time works against those who l
32、ive instantly. Opportunities are never seen because when something doesnt happen instantly people move on to the next thing on their list and consider the current goal a failure.Persistent people have the advantage of time. It allows them to step back, observe and assess the progress of the goal the
33、y are pursuing(追求). Some things take longer to develop; some just need to be left there for a while to find their own way.When you live instantly you gain and lose instantly. Many times you do not know how you got there or how to get back because it is not repeatable.When you live persistently you l
34、earn how things work, how to correct a plan and how to guide it to make it successful. You do not panic because you know you have more than enough time.Slow down and take time to enjoy the journey. If what you are doing is not fun then stop doing it and do something else.Everything you do should be
35、in pursuit of a better tomorrow than you had yesterday. You should take time to develop your abilities to reach your goals. Do not get discouraged just because your success is not instant.Celebrate each step along the way. People who live instantly dont take time to appreciate what they have accompl
36、ished. They are just looking for the next thing that they can get instantly.You must be grateful for the time it takes to reach your goal. Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there.12. Why will people who want things instantly fail in many things?A. They want greater efficiency.
37、B. They dont stick to their goal.C. They often change their lifestyle.D. They tend to pursue a higher target.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“Opportunities are never seen because when something doesnt happen instantly people move on to the next thing”可以推断出那些想马上就成功的人太急于求成,对自己的目标不坚持,自然难以成功。故选B。答案:B13. What is the
38、 main advantage persistent people have over instant people?A. The willpower.B. A target.C. A plan.D. An opportunity.解析:推理判断题。第二段讲到那些想要马上成功的人看到事情没有马上发生就立刻转到另外一件事情上去了,他们缺少对目标的坚持,而那些坚持不懈的人的主要优点在于他们的坚持和毅力。故选A。答案:A14. According to the passage, persistent people .A. focus more on the resultB. work slower
39、than instant peopleC. will get rewarded for their effortsD. look for the next thing to do immediately when finishing one target解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there.”可知,坚持不懈的人会成功,他们所付出的时间和努力最终会得到回报。故选C。答案:C15. What is the writers main purpose of writing the
40、 passage?A. To blame those who live instantly.B. To persuade people to live happily.C. To praise those who have succeeded.D. To suggest learning the art of persistence.解析:主旨大意题。文章主要论述了想马上就成功的人的失败而坚持不懈的人的成功,从中可以看出作者是建议我们要学会坚持这门艺术。故选D。答案:D第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 根据下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两
41、项为多余选项。While it is important to maintain good habits, it is equally important to learn how to break bad habits if you want to achieve success in life. Here are some tips to get you to start.The first step in breaking bad habits is to identify them. Only after identifying them can you decide to do so
42、mething about them. 16 For example, you may ask yourself, “Is the habit holding me back from achieving my goal? Does the habit make me feel good or bad?”17 Then you may listen to the things that people say about you. Are people saying the same negative things about you? Its easy to become defensive
43、when someone says something about us we dont like, and lets face it. 18 Once you have identified your bad habits, its time to break them. First, you should introduce something new and meaningful in your life to replace the bad habits. 19 If you hung around at the bars after work, replace it by going
44、 to the gym instead. Or if you sat and watched TV for hours, you may work on a task that needs to be done.20 Write down the efforts you make to change them, and also the results of your actions. And write down how you feel when you successfully change one of your bad habits. If you can read and refl
45、ect on how you feel about the progress youve made, it may motivate you to continue to work on changing other things.A. Sometimes you may need advice on breaking bad habits from other people.B. First, you may ask yourself how you feel about a habit.C. You may come up with a plan to break your bad habits.D. Meanwhile, keep a diary of the bad habits you desire to change.E. Sometimes the truth hurts.F. Otherwise there is an empty space in your life where the bad habits could go back.G. There are times when it can be difficult to identify your bad habits.答案:16.B17.G18.E19.F20.D
