1、Unit 5 First Aid课时素养检测十九Unit 5Period 3. 阅读理解Basic Steps of CPR Everyone Should KnowDo you know how to offer first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doctor available at hand? Applying CPR is usually helpful when emergencies such as a heart attack occurs. Read this CP
2、R guide now so you know what to do if someone is experiencing a life-threatening (威胁生命的) emergency. Step 1. Position your hands. Make sure the patient is lying on his back on a firm surface. Kneel beside him and place your hand on the center of the chest. Keep your arms straight, cover the first han
3、d with the other hand and interlock (紧扣) the fingers of both hands together. Keep your fingers raised so they do not touch the patients chest. Step 2. _. Push the breastbone up and down to a depth of about 5 cm about 30 times, at a rate of 100 beats per minute. Step 3. Give rescue breaths. Make sure
4、 the airway is open, and pinch (捏) the nose so it closes. Gently raise the chin (下巴) upwards with two fingers of your other hand. Take a deep breath, put your mouth over the patients, and blow until you can see his chest, rise. Then remove your mouth from the patients and look along the chest, watch
5、ing the chest fall. To get another breath, lift your head and breathe in deeply. Perform Step 3 again. Step 4. Repeat chest compressions (按压) and rescue breaths. Repeat the 30 chest compressions followed by the two breaths about five times, and then check for normal breathing. If that person is not
6、breathing normally, continue performing CPR. If breathing restarts as normal, stay with the injured person until help arrives. First aid is an important life skill that everyone should learn. The more people who learn CPR, the more lives can be saved in the future. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了CPR(心肺复苏)的一般步骤
7、。1. We should do CPR at once when someone _. A. suffers an accident and stops breathingB. is hit by a car and cant moveC. is suffering a serious headacheD. has a serious bleeding【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中Do you know how to offer first aid if a person has an accident and stops breathing but there is no doct
8、or available at hand? 一句可知文章开头提出了一个问题从而引出话题: 如果有人遭遇交通事故并且呼吸停止, 但是当场没有医生, 你知道该如何急救吗? 接下来介绍了CPR。可知当有人停止呼吸的时候可以使用CPR. 。2. Which of the following should be put in Step 2? A. Interlock the fingersB. Open the airwayC. Press the chestD. Start the breath【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据Push the breastbone up and down to a de
9、pth of about 5 cm about 30 times(上下推动胸骨幅度大约5厘米三十次左右)一句可知本段是关于CPR的第二步: 胸部按压。3. The author writes this passage to _. A. describe the dangerous experienceB. encourage people to care for othersC. show the damage of a heart attackD. explain the steps to apply CPR【解析】选D。推理判断题。通览全文可知本文主要是介绍了CPR(心肺复苏)的一般步骤。
10、选项D. explain the steps to apply CPR(解释实施CPR的步骤)符合题意。. 阅读填句Are you stressed out, scared or worried all the time? Do you avoid going to certain places, seeing friends or doing certain things because of your worries? Do your worries keep you awake at night? 1Anxiety is a normal and necessary part of li
11、fe. Anxiety is your brains way of telling you about danger. It is anxiety that helps you jump out of the way if a car is speeding towards you. But if it gets out of hand, anxiety can get in the way of you getting on with life and can become a real problem. 2Anxiety is a normal part of life. 3There a
12、re lots of reasons for this. One main reason is after stressful thing which has happened in your life. So if you are involved in a car crash, its quite likely that you will be more worried than other people around cars and driving. 4If your parents suffer from anxiety, then you are more likely to be
13、 anxious too. This is probably partly due to genetics, and partly because of how things are when youre growing up. Even though people dont talk about it much, anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems. About 1 in 4 people will have an anxiety problem at some time in their life. If you
14、 have an anxiety problem, its hard for other people to understand why something that doesnt worry them, like being in a crowd of people, can be so scary for you. This can make you feel separated and lonely, as may become worse and worse. 5These include talking therapies(疗法)and drugs. A. If this is t
15、he case for you, treatment may be a helpful way for you to get your anxiety under control. B. Being anxious also probably runs in families. C. The good news is there are lots of excellent treatments available for anxiety. D. Almost everybody has a certain degree of anxiety in certain situations. E.
16、Some people may feel uneasy if moving to a new place and some may get overly anxious in certain situation. F. Those suffering from anxiety need others understanding badly. G. If youve answered yes, you may be suffering from anxiety. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了导致焦虑的原因, 以及说明了处理焦虑问题的方法。1. 【解析】选G。根据题意, 此处通过三个
17、不同的问句, 引出本文谈论的中心观点“焦虑”, 本空起到了承上启下的作用, 突出了本文的核心词汇“焦虑”。而下文的第一句Anxiety is a normal and necessary part of life. (焦虑是生活中正常和必要的一部分。)便提到了焦虑, 故G选项“If youve answered yes, you may be suffering from anxiety. (如果你的回答是肯定的, 那么你可能患有焦虑症。)”既能承接上文的问题, 又能暗示下文内容。2. 【解析】选A。根据上文But if it gets out of hand, anxiety can get
18、 in the way of you getting on with life and can become a real problem. (但如果它失去控制, 焦虑会阻碍你的生活, 成为一个真正的问题。)可知, 上文说明了焦虑是生活中常见的现象, 然后列举了生活中因为焦虑给人们生活带来的一些麻烦, 可推知下文说明控制焦虑的方法, A选项“如果你也有焦虑失去控制的情况, 治疗可能是一种有效的方法来控制你的焦虑。”符合语境。3. 【解析】选E。根据上文Anxiety is a normal part of life. (焦虑是生活中正常的一部分。)可推知下文说明日常生活中哪些情况会导致焦虑的发
19、生, 故E选项“Some people may feel uneasy if moving to a new place and some may get overly anxious in certain situation. (如果搬到一个新的地方, 有些人可能会感到不安, 有些人可能会在某些情况下变得过度焦虑。)”能起到承上启下的作用, 符合语境。4. 【解析】选B。结合本段内容If your parents suffer from anxiety, then you are more likely to be anxious too. This is probably partly d
20、ue to genetics, and partly because of how things are when youre growing up. (如果你的父母患有焦虑症, 那么你也更有可能焦虑。这可能部分是由于基因, 部分是由于你成长的环境。)可知是在说明焦虑在家庭中发生的情况。5. 【解析】选C。根据下文These include talking therapies and drugs. (这些包括谈话疗法和药物。)可知是在说明治疗焦虑的方法, 包括谈话疗法和药物。故C选项“好消息是有很多治疗焦虑的好方法。”符合语境。. 完形填空My teacher Mr Bush is the m
21、ost positive person Ive ever met. He has the ability to 1 positiveness to young students. He always smiles and never gets 2 at students. Once I met some 3 because I felt overshadowed by my brother, who seemed to be doing great in every way. Hopelessness 4 me whenever I was in a classroom. But that a
22、ll 5 when I met my teacher for life, Mr Bush. Having found out about my problems, he just kept 6 me. Because of Mr Bush, my world was filled with 7 and power. A few weeks ago, everyone in my class was feeling a bit 8 because of a bad day at school. But things got 9 after a close of Mr Bushs class. H
23、e drew a picture on the whiteboard that 10 a half-full glass of water. He then said, “Class, the point of view in which you look at things will 11 your feelings. Like this glass of water; some people see it and think What! Only half a glass of water. How 12 I am. Whereas other people think Wow, Im s
24、o thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me! It all is in the 13 you think. ”Mr Bushs 14 way of thinking always makes me feel glad and 15 . I will always remember him. 【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的老师是一个极其乐观的人, 他有能力把积极的一面传递给年轻学生, 他乐观的思维方式总是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。1. A. pass on B. apply for C. consist of D. give u
25、p【解析】选A。考查动词短语词义辨析。pass on传递; apply for申请; consist of组成; give up放弃。分析下文可知, Mr Bush总是会让沮丧的学生高兴起来, 故应是他有能力把积极的一面传递给年轻学生。2. A. strictB. patientC. madD. curious【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。strict严格的; patient耐心的; mad生气的; curious好奇的。根据上文“He always smiles and never gets. . . ”可知, Mr Bush总是微笑, 从不会生学生的气。3. A. friendsB.
26、needsC. realitiesD. difficulties【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。friends朋友; needs需要; realities现实; difficulties困难。根据下文“because I felt overshadowed by my brother, who seemed to be doing great in every way. ”可知, 作者是遇到了一些困难。4. A. drownedB. resistedC. curedD. relaxed【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。drowned淹没; resisted抵抗; cured治愈; relaxed
27、使放松。根据上文可知, 作者一直活在兄弟的阴影之下, 故应是绝望淹没了作者。5. A. happenedB. changedC. solvedD. included【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。happened发生; changed改变; solved解决; included包括。根据下文Mr Bush鼓励作者, 最后作者振作了起来可知, 当见到Mr Bush时一切都变了。6. A. forgivingB. calmingC. encouragingD. calling【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。forgiving原谅; calming使平静; encouraging鼓励; callin
28、g呼叫。根据下文“Because of Mr Bush, my world was filled with _and power. ”可知, 是由于Mr Bush的鼓励, 作者的世界充满了_和力量。7. A. sunshineB. fearC. surpriseD. disappointment【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。sunshine阳光; fear害怕; surprise惊讶; disappointment失望。根据下文的“power”可知, Mr Bush的鼓励让作者的世界充满阳光和力量。8. A. cheerfulB. downC. eagerD. afraid【解析】选B。考查
29、形容词词义辨析。cheerful高兴的; down沮丧的; eager渴望的; afraid害怕的。根据下文“because of a bad day at school”, 在学校度过了糟糕的一天, 故感到沮丧。9. A. warmerB. higherC. betterD. happier【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。warmer更温暖的; higher更高的; better更好的; happier更高兴的。根据下文Mr Bush画了一张半杯水的图, 告诉同学们思维方式不一样, 看问题的角度就不一样, 同学们又都高兴起来可知, Mr Bush的课结束后, 情况又好起来了。故选C。10.
30、 A. servedB. filledC. boughtD. showed【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。served服务; filled充满; bought买; showed显示。根据下文“Like this glass of water; some people see it and think What! Only half a glass of water. How _I am. Whereas other people think Wow, Im so thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me! ”可知, Mr Bush的画上显示的是半
31、杯水。11. A. hurtB. care aboutC. give awayD. affect【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。hurt伤害; care about关心; give away分发; affect影响。根据下文的“It all is in the _you think. ”一切都取决于你怎么想可知, Mr Bush想要告诉同学们, 你看事情的角度会影响你的感受。12. A. pleasedB. unfortunateC. brightD. perfect【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。pleased高兴的; unfortunate不幸的; bright明亮的; perfect完
32、美的。根据下文的“Whereas other people think Wow, Im so thirsty. Great! Half a glass of water for me! ”可知, 此处表示一个对比, 有的人认为只有半杯水是不幸的。13. A. wayB. directionC. endD. past【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。way方式; direction方向; end结束; past过去。分析上下文可知, Mr Bush给同学们画了一幅半杯水的图, 告诉他们有的人对此持积极的态度, 有的人对此持消极的态度。故应是想告诉同学们: 你看事情的角度会影响你的感受, 一切都取决
33、于你怎么想。14. A. differentB. optimisticC. specialD. important【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。different不同的; optimistic乐观的; special特殊的; important重要的。根据上文“My teacher Mr Bush is the most positive person Ive ever met. ”可知, Mr Bush是一个乐观的人, 故他乐观的思维方式总是让我感到高兴。15. A. proudB. carefulC. lonelyD. hopeful【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。proud骄傲的;
34、 careful小心的; lonely孤独的; hopeful充满希望的。分析上下文可知, Mr Bush总是用他积极的思维方式影响着作者, 故应是让作者感到高兴和充满希望。. 语法填空Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a 1. _ (total) different country? If so, then you are a third-culture kid. The term “third-culture kid” 2. _ (use) in
35、 the 1960s for the first time by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon while 3. _ (research) North American children living in India. In general, third-culture kids benefit from 4. _ (they) intercultural experience and they often reach excellent academic results. Yet many 5. _ (difficulty)
36、 may arise from this phenomenon. Third-culture kids may not be able to adapt themselves completely 6. _ their new surroundings. Also, they often find it hard 7. _ (develop) new friendships. Additionally, for third-culture kids, it is often 8. _ (easy) to move to a new country than to return to their
37、 homeland. For example, after living in Australia for many years, Louis finally returned to Turkey as a teenager. But she felt out of place when she returned to the country 9. _ she was born. She didnt know anything about current TV shows 10. _ fashion trends. And she didnt share the same values as
38、other teens of her age. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了“第三文化的孩子们”这个术语的出现背景以及“第三文化的孩子们”的学习及心理现状。1. 【解析】totally。考查副词。此处应填total的副词形式修饰形容词different。2. 【解析】was used。考查时态和语态。此处是句子谓语动词, 由in the 1960s判断为一般过去时, 主语The term和use之间是被动关系, 故用一般过去时的被动语态, 主语是单数, 故be用was。3. 【解析】researching。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 此处考查while引导的状语从句的省略,
39、完整的句子应是She first came across this phenomenon while she was researching North American children living in India. 当时间/条件/让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致, 且从句有be动词时, 可省略从句的主语和be动词, 省略之后是while researching North American children living in India。4. 【解析】their。考查代词。此处应用they的形容词性物主代词修饰名词experience。5. 【解析】difficulties。考查名词
40、的数。由many判断此处用difficulty的复数形式。6. 【解析】to。考查介词。此处考查短语adapt. . . to. . . “使适应”。7. 【解析】to develop。考查不定式。此处考查固定句型find it+adj. + to do sth. “发现做某事怎么样”, 其中it是形式宾语, to do是真正的宾语。8. 【解析】easier。考查形容词比较级。根据than判断此处应用easy的比较级作为is的表语。9. 【解析】where。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 此处是定语从句关系词, 先行词the country在从句中充当地点状语, 应用关系副词where。1
41、0. 【解析】or。考查并列连词。句意: 她对当前的电视节目或时尚潮流一无所知。根据语境可知, 此处是并列关系, 意为“或者”, 应使用连词or。【点睛】本文第9小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步: 找出先行词; 分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分; 考虑特殊情况。以本题为例: 找出先行词: the country分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分: 先行词the country在从句_ she was born. 中充当地点状语, 应用关系副词where。考虑特殊情况: 无完形填空When my grandmother, who had Alzheimers disease, w
42、ent to live in the nurses station 5 years ago, I tried many things to keep her occupied. But it was only her word search book that kept her 1 . Gradually, she began to think of it as her job and it kept her from 2. Last night, when I came to her and said hello, she just looked at me3. I introduced m
43、yself and told her I was her granddaughter. She seemed 4 about who I was. Obviously, she tried to find this word in her 5. So I helped her find it with fingers and 6 it for her with a pencil. Later, I suggested we go outside, and she agreed. Then she was just staring at me as if trying to figure me
44、out. I told her 7 I was her granddaughter. “Oh, okay” she said 8 but still didnt really know. She just wanted to be kind. And after we went9 and I got her ready for and into bed, she told me to come 10 and we kissed and hugged real tight 11 we did for the first time. It wasnt the first time though a
45、nd sooner or later there would be a 12 time. For now, I feel the blessing of the13 although I have a sinking feeling that our days are numbered. It doesnt 14 if the word “granddaughter” holds no 15 anymore we are bound by love not labels. 【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是奶奶得了病, 忘记了孙女, 不知道孙女是谁, 尽管如此作者还是耐心地对待奶奶。作者
46、认为不管“孙女”这个词是否不再有意义我们被爱而不是被标签所束缚。1 . A. timeB. interestC. talentD. knowledge【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。time时间; interest兴趣; talent天赋; knowledge知识。根据第1空前的I tried many things to keep her occupied. But it was only her word search book可知, 只有单词搜索书让她保持“兴趣”。2. A. tremblingB. movingC. whisperingD. wandering【解析】选D。考查动词词义
47、辨析。trembling颤抖; moving移动; whispering低语; wandering偏移, 徘徊。固定搭配: keep sb. from doing sth. “阻止某人做某事”。此处指“不走神”。3. A. curiouslyB. angrilyC. naturallyD. proudly【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。curiously好奇地; angrily生气地; naturally自然地; proudly自豪地。根据第3空前后的she just looked at me和I introduced myself可知, 只有“好奇地”符合语境。4. A. shockedB.
48、 amazedC. puzzledD. worried【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。shocked感到震惊的; amazed感到吃惊的; puzzled感到困惑的; worried担忧的。根据第4空后的about who I was可知, 她“感到困惑”。5. A. dictionaryB. mindC. roomD. book【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。dictionary词典; mind理智, 思想; room房间; book书。根据上文的But it was only her word search book that kept her_. 可知, 在“书”中找这个词。6. A.
49、 decoratedB. markedC. associatedD. tracked【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。decorated装饰; marked做标记; associated联系; tracked追踪。根据第6空后的for her with a pencil. 可知, 此处指用铅笔“做记号”。7. A. patientlyB. bravelyC. regularlyD. casually【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。patiently耐心地; bravely勇敢地; regularly有规律地; casually随便地。根据第一句中的who had Alzheimers disea
50、se和第7空前后的内容I told her _I was her granddaughter. 可知, “耐心地”和奶奶说。8. A. jokingB. laughingC. smilingD. crying【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。joking开玩笑; laughing大笑; smiling微笑; crying哭。根据第8空后的She just wanted to be kind. 可知, 奶奶“微笑着”说。9. A. alongB. aheadC. outsideD. inside【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。along一起, 向前; ahead朝前地; outside在外面; i
51、nside在里面。根据第9空后的I got her ready for and into bed可知, 此处指和奶奶走进屋“里面”。10. A. slowerB. closerC. straighterD. later【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。slower更慢的; closer更靠近的; straighter更直的; later更迟的。根据第10空后的we kissed and hugged可知, 奶奶让我“靠近”她。11. A. as ifB. so thatC. even ifD. in case【解析】选A。考查状语从句引导词。as if好像; so that为了; even i
52、f即使; in case万一。根据第11空后的we did for the first time可知, 此处是as if引导的方式状语从句。12. A. perfectB. freeC. finalD. normal【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。perfect完美的; free自由的, 免费的; final最后的; normal正常的。根据第12空前的It wasnt the first time though and sooner or later there would be可知, 此处指迟早会有“最后”一次。13. A. eventB. breakC. giftD. moment【解
53、析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。event事件, 大事; break间歇, 休息; gift礼物; moment片刻。根据第13空后的although I have a sinking feeling that our days are numbered可知, 这里指“此刻”的祝福。14. A. helpB. matterC. workD. exist【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。help帮助; matter重要, 关键; work工作; exist存在。作者认为“granddaughter”这个词是否有意义并不“重要”。15. A. meaningB. changeC. designD. advantage【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。meaning意义; change变化; design设计; advantage优势。此处指“granddaughter”不再有“意义”。
