1、北京市第四十三中学2021届高三英语上学期12月月考试题（含解析）本试卷共 10 页，100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25 分） 第一节 完形填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。One Mother to AnotherOn Wednesday evening, our daughter, who was at a boarding school over 200 kilometers away, told us that she had l
2、ost her phone when she took part in an activity off campus. We realized that we had little chance of finding it.The next morning, my phone beeped (哔哔响) loudly. A kind voice announced that she had something that belonged to my daughter. I _1_ that I lived a three-hour drive away, and told her I would
3、 ask a friend to fetch the phone. My daughter had written my number on the inside of her phones case good thinking!After contacting the people I know who lived near the school, I was out of _2_ no one could go and _3_ the phone, not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy. I dec
4、ided to ask the lady to post the phone to my daughter. But when I sent her a text to ask if this would be OK, she replied, “We will _4_ it and were going to drive down to the boarding school tonight.” To my _5_, this wonderful couple, who had already spent a busy day at work, was making a round trip
5、 on the night, _6_ for returning a phone to a complete stranger. How touching it was!I gave them directions and they _7_ the phone into the hands of my daughter at her boarding house. The only word of an explanation was, “Ive got children of my own, and I know how a mother _8_.”We had thought that t
6、he chance of getting back the phone was _9_, but we got it back in such a short time. It was a wonderful reminder of the good in the world and how the actions of one person can _10_ the world to another.1. A. suggestedB. reportedC. explainedD. argued2. A. dateB. luckC. workD. control3. A. pick upB.
7、carry outC. hand inD. give away4. A. findB. showC. missD. take5. A. regretB. surpriseC. amusementD. disappointment6. A. especiallyB. certainlyC. definitelyD. probably7. A. conductedB. arrangedC. deliveredD. identified8. A. doubtsB. interestsC. predictsD. worries9. A. freeB. slimC. hardD. fair10. A.
8、tellB. faceC. meanD. join【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远在寄宿学校的女儿丢了手机，一对好心的陌生夫妇特地来回奔波给她送手机的事情。作者从此事中感受到，人的善行能够影响到别人。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释道我住在三小时的车程开外，并且告诉她我会让一个朋友去拿这个手机。A. suggested建议；B. reported报道；C. explained解释；D. argued争论。根据语境可知，此处母亲“我”接到来自对方的电话，应该是与对方解释自己
9、路程较远。故选C项。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在联系了住在学校附近的熟人后，我很不走运没人能去接电话，这并不奇怪，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙。A. date日期，B. luck运气；C. work工作；D. control控制。根据下文“not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy”推测，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙，“我”并没有找到可以拿手机的人，应该是不走运的。out of luck“不走运的”。故选B项。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. pick up捡起，获得；B. carry
10、out执行；C. hand in上交；D. give away捐赠。根据上文语境可知，此处“我”找不到可以拿手机的人，pick up the phone“拿手机”，符合题意。故选A项。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我给她发短信问她这样行不行时，她回答：“我们将会带上它，并且我们今天晚上将会开车去寄宿学校。”A. find找到；B. show展示；C. miss错过，想念；D. take带。根据下文“drive down to the boarding school”判断，陌生人应该是要带上手机去找“我”的女儿，将手机还给她。故选D项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，
11、这对完美的夫妇，已经忙了一天的工作，却要在晚上来回奔波，尤其是为了把手机还给一个完全陌生的人。A. regret遗憾；B. surprise惊讶；C. amusement娱乐；D. disappointment失望。根据本句句意推测，“我”应该对于这对陌生夫妇的表现非常吃惊。故选B项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. especially尤其；B. certainly当然；C. definitely肯定。根据语境判断，“我”认为陌生夫妇的行为是让人惊讶的，尤其是为了陌生人。故选A项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了他们方向，他们将手机递到了在公寓里的我女儿的手上。A. c
12、onducted执行；B. arranged安排；C. delivered递送；D. identified识别。根据上文可知，此处陌生夫妇将手机送到了“我”的女儿的手上。故选C项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有我自己的孩子，我知道一个妈妈有多担心。A. doubts怀疑；B. interests感兴趣；C. predicts预测；D. worries担心。根据“Ive got my children of my own”可知，这位送手机的也是一位母亲，也能体会到作为一个母亲的担心。故选D项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们原以为拿回手机的机会很渺茫，但是我们在这么短的时间内
13、就把它拿了回来。A. free空闲的；B. slim小的，少的；C. hard困难的；D. fair公平的。根据后半句句意推测，原来对于拿回手机这件事已经不抱希望了，即希望很小。故选B项。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很好地提醒我们世界上有善，并且一个人的行为对另一个人意味着整个世界。A. tell告诉；B. face面对；C. mean意味；D. join加入。根据语境判断，“我”从陌生夫妇的行为中知道了人的善行对于另外一个人的影响是如此之大，mean the world to another“对另外一个人意味着世界”，符合语境。故选C项。第二节 语法填空 （共 10 小题；每小题
14、 1.5 分，共 15 分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Have you ever been to a Michelin restaurant? For most chefs, theres no_11_ (big) honor than having your restaurant awarded a Michelin Star, let alone three. _12_ thats not the case for Sebastien Bras, 46, one of Frances
15、most famous chefs. He is the head of a three-star restaurant, Le Suquet,_13_ is located in the center of Paris.【答案】11. bigger 12. But 13. which【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国最著名的厨师之一、46岁的Sebastien Bras。他是位于巴黎中心的三星级餐厅Le Suquet的老板。【11题详解】考查比较级。句意：对大多数厨师来说，没有什么比自己的餐厅获得一颗米其林星更大的荣誉了，更不用说三星了。根据后文than having your re
16、staurant awarded a Michelin Star可知应用比较级bigger，表示“更大的”。故填bigger。【12题详解】考查连词。句意：但对于法国最著名的厨师之一、46岁的Sebastien Bras来说，情况并非如此。根据前后文语境，可知为转折关系，应用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是位于巴黎中心的三星级餐厅Le Suquet的老板。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词restaurant，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空
17、。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Are you addicted to computer games? Do you stay up all night playing them? Theres no doubt that the _14_ (excite) of games makes people hard _15_ (refuse) them. But should we worry about their effects_16_ our health?【答案】14. excitement 15. to refuse 1
18、6. on【解析】这是一篇议论文。你对电脑游戏上瘾吗？你会通宵玩吗？毫无疑问，游戏的刺激让人们很难拒绝它们。但是我们应该担心它们对我们健康的影响吗？【14题详解】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，游戏的刺激让人们很难拒绝它们。此处为同位语从句的主语，表示“刺激”应用名词excitement，表抽象概念，不可数。故填excitement。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，游戏的刺激让人们很难拒绝它们。结合句意表示“让某人难以做某事”短语为make sb. hard to do sth.。故填to refuse。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：但是我们应该担心它们对我们健康的影响吗？结合句意表示
19、“对某事的影响”可知短语为effects on sth.。故填on。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mei Lanfang was born into a very poor family in Beijing. He had no opportunity_17_(go) to school, so he went to the troupe(戏班子) when he was 8 years old. Mr. Mei started to perform on stage 3 years lat
20、er. He performed hundreds of_18_ (tradition) plays and over 30 modern plays_19_ his career. His spoken parts in Beijing Opera were unique; his performances were quite elegant and_20_ (exact) matched his roles social background. Thereafter, the whole world regarded Beijing Opera as a high form of Chi
21、nese art.【答案】17. to go 18. traditional 19. in 20. exactly【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧大师梅兰芳的一些个人经历和成就。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他没有机会上学，所以他在8岁的时候就去了戏班子。结合句意表示“没有机会做某事”短语为have no opportunity to do sth.，不定式作为opportunity的后后置定语。故填to go。【18题详解】考查形容词。句意：在他的职业生涯中，他表演了数百部传统戏剧和30多部现代戏剧。修饰后文名词plays应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填trad
22、itional。【19题详解】考查介词。句意：在他的职业生涯中，他表演了数百部传统戏剧和30多部现代戏剧。结合句意表示“在某人的职业生涯中”短语为in ones career。故填in。【20题详解】考查副词。句意：他的京剧唱腔是独一无二的；他的表演非常优雅，与角色的社会背景完全匹配。修饰后文动词match应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AMonthly Talks at London Ca
23、nal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He w
24、as also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of fre
25、ezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards
26、 reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest inte
27、rest.Online bookings:wwwcanalmuseum.org.uk/bookMore into:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatsonLondon Canal Museum12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RTwww.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobiTel:020 7713083621. When is the talk on James Brindley?A. February 6th.B. December 5th.C. November 7th.D. March 6th.
28、22. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers.B. An Update on the Cotsword CanalsC Eyots and Aits-Thames IslandsD. Ice for the Metropolis23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.A. Miranda VickersB. Malcolm TuckerC. Chris LewisD. Liz Payne【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A【解析
29、】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了伦敦运河博物馆的每月演讲，演讲内容以及安排。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. 可知，James Brindley在11月7号演说。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. 可知，2月份讲座的
30、主题是关于An Update on the Cotsword Canals。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文中的Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.可知，Miranda Vickers将要在岛上演说。故选A。【名师点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材
31、料中可以找到。 此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第2题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中“What is the topic of the talk in February?”， 从而直接定位第四段-根据文中的February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, b
32、y Liz Payne. 可知，可知，2月份讲座的主题是关于An Update on the Cotsword Canals。故选B。BYour house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are
33、 some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesnt have
34、 enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more app
35、etizing, while cold colors make us feel less hungry. So when its time to repaint, go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner l
36、ast at least 30 minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12
37、inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.24. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _.A. their home comf
38、ortsB. their body shapeC. house buyingD. healthy diets25. A home environment in blue can help people _.A. digest food betterB. reduce food intakeC. burn more caloriesD. regain their appetites26. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly.B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons.D. Tur
39、n down the lights.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making You Fat?B. Ways of Serving DinnerC. Effects of SelfConsciousnessD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A【解析】试题分析：想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关系。建议有4条：1.房间要明亮；2.用冷色系会减少食欲；3.放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；4. 用小的碗碟。【24题详解】B
40、 推理判断题。根据全文第一段Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.可知，这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎自己的体型的人有帮助。故选B。【25题详解】B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话in one study,可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。故选B。【26题详解】C 推理判断题。最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到，吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选C。【27题详解】A主旨大意题。根据开头的后文Here are some ways to turn your
41、home into part of your diet plan.可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的人士提了一些建议。所以选A可以更好地概括全文。考点：科普类短文阅读CNow Hear ThisWhat do former American president Bill Clinton and rock musician Pete Townshend have in common? Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence.
42、 As a teenager, Clinton played saxophone in a band. Townshend, who has the more severe hearing loss, was a guitarist for a band called the Who. He is one of the first rock musicians to call the publics attention to the problem of hearing loss from exposure to loud music.Temporary hearing loss can ha
43、ppen after only 15 minutes of listening to loud music. One early warning sign is when your ears begin to feel warm while you listen to music at a rock concert or through headphones. One later is that an unusual sound or a ringing is sometimes produced in your head after the concert.What happens is t
44、hat the hair cells in the inner ear are damaged, but theyre not dead, says a physician and ear specialist Dr. Sam Levine. According to Dr. Levine, if you avoid further exposure to loud noise, its possible to recondition the cells somewhat. However, he adds, Eventually, over a long period of time, ha
45、ir cells are permanently damaged. And this is no small problem.What sound level is dangerous? According to Dr. Levine, regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous. The chart below offers a comparison of decibel levels to certain sounds. Heres another measurement you can
46、use. If youre at a rock concert and the music is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself heard, you re at risk for hearing loss. Thats when wearing protective devices such as earplugs becomes critical.The facts are pretty frightening. But are rock bands turning down the volume? Most arent. R
47、ock music is supposed to be loud, says drummer Andrew Sather. I wouldnt have it any other way. And neither would the real fans of rock. Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness, according to Dr. Levine. He states, Theres no cure for hearing loss. Your ea
48、rs are trying to tell you something. That ringing is the scream of your hair cells dying. Each time that happens, more and more damage is done. Levels of Common NoisesNormal conversation 50 65 dBFood blender 88 dBJet plane flying above a person standing outside 103 dBRock band during a concert 110 1
49、40 dB28. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .A. loud music is a major cause of hearing lossB. famous people tend to have hearing problemsC. teenagers should stay away from school bandsD. the problem of hearing damage is widely known29. In Paragraph 3, the underlined word recondition means .A. not t
50、o be seenB. to fill with soundC. to become larger in sizeD. to make good again30. The purpose of the chart at the end of the article is to show .A. a list of harmful soundsB. the effect of rock concertsC. the noise levels of familiar soundsD. relationship between daily activities and hearing loss31.
51、 Which of the following statements will Dr. Sam Levine probably agree?A. When your ears feel warm, your hair cells are dead.B. Drummer Andrew Sather gives good advice.C. Many are taking the risk of losing hearing.D. Doctors know how to cure hearing loss.【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，文
52、章介绍嘈杂的音乐是听力丧失的主要原因，如果及时避免，听力会修复，但是如果继续使用，就会导致完全的失聪。【28题详解】细节理解题。从第一段的句子“Both men have hearing damage from exposure to loud music, and both now wear hearing aids as a consequence.”可知，两人都因暴露在嘈杂的音乐中而听力受损，结果都戴上了助听器，由此可知，嘈杂的音乐是听力丧失的主要原因，故选A。【29题详解】词义猜测题。从第三段的句子“What happens is that the hair cells in the
53、inner ear are damaged, but theyre not dead”可知，内耳的毛细胞受损了，但它们并没有死；再结合“if you avoid further exposure to loud noise”可知，如果你避免进一步暴露于嘈杂的音乐，此处说的是积极的结果细胞有可能得到某种程度的修复，由此可知画线词词义为“修复”，故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。从第四段的话“regular exposure to noise above 85 decibels (分贝) is considered dangerous.”可知，经常暴露在85分贝以上的噪音被认为是危险的，以及表格里
54、面的比较数字：Rock band during a concert110 140 dB（音乐会上的摇滚乐队的音量达到110-140分贝）可知，最后的表格是为了表明摇滚音乐会对听力的不良影响，故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。从文章最后一段的句子“Continued exposure to loud music and the failure to wear earplugs can lead to deafness,”（持续暴露在嘈杂的音乐中，不戴耳塞会导致耳聋）可知Dr. Sam Levine可能会同意很多人有失去听力的危险，故选 C。 考点：考查健康类短文DA Fluent Advanta
55、geWhen schools go through budget cuts, foreign language classes are often placed on the cutting block. School administrators often do not understand how important foreign language study is for their students success in the real world. Far from cutting language classes, schools should be demanding th
56、em for all students. Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.Language study strengthens students minds. Many studies have indicated that multilingual peoplepeople who speak more than one languageare better at certain tasks. Specifically, multilingual people have better execu
57、tive function than people who speak only one language. Executive function is the way the brain manages all the information its given, such as performing different tasks and deciding what to focus on. In brain scans, multilingual people show increased activity in the areas of the brain that control e
58、xecutive function. Researchers have guessed that this advantage exists because multilingual people must constantly decide which words from which language to use. As a result, multilingual people get lots of practice with executive function. Their brains can then apply those skills to other tasks, li
59、ke paying attention or multitasking. This effect is especially strong for people who grow up speaking more than one language. The earlier students start language classes, the more benefits they may get from language study.Moreover, language study helps prepare students for their future careers. Toda
60、y, language skills are in high demand on the job market and more and more businesses work in many countries across the world. As businesses become global, they need people who can communicate easily across national borders. To prepare for their careers, more students should be learning foreign langu
61、ages. From 2010 to 2015, the demand in the United States for workers who speak a second language doubled. This trend included workers of all skill levels and backgrounds. Of course, in order to make better use of the advantages of foreign language study, middle school foreign language classes should
62、 not just make students memorize new words and sounds. They must also teach students about new cultures. Foreign language classes should be required to include lessons about history, literature, customs, and government along with the languages themselves. These subjects will help students become bet
63、ter global citizens and support their studies in other subjects.Requiring middle schoolers to study a foreign language offers them opportunities to sharpen their brains. It also gives them tools that will help them become productive members of todays global society.32. How does the author feel about
64、 foreign language study in middle schools?A. More foreign language classes should be offered in middle schools.B. Taking a foreign language class in middle schools should be a choice.C. Foreign language classes should be cut because of the limited funds.D. Studying a foreign language should be a mid
65、dle school requirement.33. The author believes _.A. people who speak more than one language have better executive functionB. being able to work in another country doubles peoples job opportunitiesC. people learn languages better as young people than when they are olderD. peoples executive function i
66、mproves after foreign language classes34. Whats the authors purpose of writing Paragraph 4?A. To sum up his argument.B. To put forward a solution.C. To emphasize his point of view.D. To introduce an additional suggestion.35. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Int
67、roduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: ConclusionA. B. C. D. 【答案】32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了作者认为学校不应削减语言课，应要求学生学习一门外语，介绍了学习外语的好处，以及提出中学外语课堂不应该只是让学生记忆新单词和发音，还必须教学生新文化。要求中学生学习一门外语给他们提供了锻炼大脑的机会。它还为他们提供了帮助他们成为当今全球社会生产力成员的工具。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“School administrators often do not understan
68、d how important foreign language study is for their students success in the real world. Far from cutting language classes, schools should be demanding them for all students. Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.(学校管理者往往不明白外语学习对学生在现实世界中的成功有多么重要。学校应该要求所有学生都上语言课，而不是取消语言课。中学应
69、该要求学生学习一门外语)”可知，作者认为学习一门外语应该是中学的要求。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many studies have indicated that multilingual peoplepeople who speak more than one languageare better at certain tasks. Specifically, multilingual people have better executive function than people who speak only one language.(许多研究表明，会说多种语言人也
70、就是会说一种以上语言的人在某些任务上表现得更好。具体来说，多语者比只会一种语言的人有更好的执行功能)”可知，作者认为会说一种以上语言的人具有更好的执行功能。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Of course, in order to make better use of the advantages of foreign language study, middle school foreign language classes should not just make students memorize new words and sounds.(当然，为了更好地利用外语学习的
71、优势，中学外语课堂不应该只是让学生记忆新单词和发音)”根据第五段“They must also teach students about new cultures.”他们还必须教学生新的文化。可推知，作者写第四段的目的是介绍另外一个建议。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文第一段引出中学应该要求学生学习一门外语的主题，第二段第三段为次要点，介绍语言学习的好处，第四段第五段为第二个要点，说明中学外语课不仅要让学生记住新的单词和发音，他们还必须教学生新文化；最后，第六段总结全文要求中学生学习外语为他们提供了锻炼大脑的机会，它还为他们提供了帮助他们成为当今全球社会生产力
72、成员的工具。可推知，A图显示了文章中思想的发展。故选A。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Stage FrightImagine that you are an actor performing in a play for the first time. You have learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the
73、 audience whispering and taking their seats.Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. _36_ The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.If you have experienced a moment like this, you know all too w
74、ell what it means to have stage fright. It is one of the most common types of fear and tends to strike people when they find themselves at the center of attention. _37_ People experience this fear when playing sports, giving a presentation, or even speaking in class. A person who suffers from stage
75、fright may get sweaty hands, a dry mouth, a tight throat, or shaky knees. Stage fright is actually a form of panic, and these feelings are very real._38_The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs in each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chem
76、ical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies “fight or flight” reaction. As a result, we feel great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race, and our knees shake._39_ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help ca
77、lm nerves and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. First, dress comfortably and appropriately. Second, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Third, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine. _40_ Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a b
78、anana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people instead of the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.A. These might make your heart race even faster.B. You dont have to be onstag
79、e to get stage fright.C. Stage fright is part of the bodys reaction to stress.D. You try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.E. With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.F. The good news about stage fright is that here are ways to deal with it.G. However, there is
80、a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. F 40. A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。介绍了怯场是人的常见恐惧之一，不一定在舞台上，其他场合也可能会怯场，本文对此提供了一些解决怯场的小建议。【36题详解】根据前文：你上场了，聚光灯照在你身上，因此，你要开始表演了。再根据后文The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.（你的嘴里是干的，你的手是湿的。）可知，你很紧张，故前面肯定是说什么都说不出来，故选
81、D。【37题详解】根据后文You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class.可知，不一定是在舞台上才会体会到怯场，在打比赛时，演讲时甚至是在班级讲话时，都会感受到这一恐惧，故选B。【38题详解】本空是属于主题句。本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的反应，故选C。【39题详解】本空属于主题句。根据后一句Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can
82、help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.可知，作者提出了有办法来让你镇静下来，解决你的怯场问题，故选F。【40题详解】根据前一句stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因).可知，咖啡因会让人更加兴奋，心跳更快，肯定不会镇静下来，故答案为A。【点睛】七选五解题技巧通读文章，首要关注文章的首段与末段，尤其是文章的这两段的末尾句，因为“开门见山”与“末尾点题”的写作方式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有
83、时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。解题策略1）从意思上判断 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。2）从词汇上锁定线索 保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关
84、注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。3）从关联词作为切入点 通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。如此题的第3， 4题都属于主题句，这两题的解题方法基本一样，即抓中心词，从词汇上锁定主题。如第3题本段频繁出现关键词reaction，怯场只是身体对压力做出的
85、反应，第4题根据后一句Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety.可知，作者提出了可以帮你镇静下来的几种办法，故前面一句是先提出有方法可以解决你的怯场问题，选F。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）第一节阅读表达（共 4 小题；共 15 分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Food as CommunicationWe usually u
86、nderstand when someone speaks or writes to us, and many gestures (手势) and facial expressions have meaning, too. But have you ever considered what and how we eat as a form of communication? In many cultures, people sit together and share food at mealtimes, which is a common tradition that can promote
87、 unity and trust. Food can also play an important role in a family or cultures celebrations. The foods we eatand when and how we eat themare often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between areas within one country.In most cultures, bread represents delicious food. It is also one of t
88、he most commonly shared foods in the world. Sharing bread is a common symbol of companionship and togetherness. In fact, the word companion comes from the Latin roots com- (together) and panis (bread). Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with decorated cakes that are cut and shared
89、among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition has its roots in the custom of sharing bread.There are foods like bread in other cultures. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is baked into the cake, which stands for success in the New
90、 Year for the person who receives it. Most of the foods eaten during the Chinese New Year have significance. Sometimes this is based on their shape; for example, long noodles symbolize long life. The symbolism can also be based on the sound of the word in Chinese; for example, people give out orange
91、s because the word for “orange” sounds like the word for “wealth”. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to symbolize family unity.Food is essential for life, so it is not surprising that it is such an important part of different cultur
92、es around the world. The food people eat during celebrations may have a long history and can symbolize many things, but sharing food is one custom that almost all humans have in common.41. Why does the author regard eating food as a form of communication? 42. How do people celebrate birthdays and ma
93、rriages in many cultures? 43. What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3? 44. Many of the food traditions mentioned in the passage are very old. Why are they still important today? 【答案】41. When eating food, people sit together and share food with each other, which promotes unity and trust
94、. 42. In many cultures, people cut and share decorated cakes for birthday and marriage celebrations. 43. People have different foods to symbolise goodwill in different cultures. 44. These food traditions have a long history. They usually represent good meanings. For example, round foods symbolize fa
95、mily unity; a cake with a coin stands for success. People believe that these customs will bring good luck, and they pass them down from one generation to another, forming their unique cultures. That is the reason why many of them are still important today.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍食物可以作为一种文化进行交流。【41题详解】细
96、节理解题。由第一段的句子“ In many cultures, people sit together and share food at mealtimes, which is a common tradition that can promote unity and trust. ”（在许多文化中，人们在进餐时坐在一起分享食物，这是一个可以促进团结和信任的共同传统）可知，很多文化中，分享食物可以促进团结和信任。所以填：When eating food, people sit together and share food with each other, which promotes un
97、ity and trust.【42题详解】细节理解题。由第二段的句子“Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with decorated cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. ”（许多文化也用装饰好的蛋糕来庆祝生日和结婚，蛋糕会被切割并在客人之间分享）可知，人们通过“切蛋糕并一同分享”来庆祝生日和结婚，所以填：In many cultures, people cut and share decorated cakes for birthday and marriage
98、celebrations.【43题详解】主旨大意题。由第三段第一句话“There are foods like bread in other cultures. ”（在其他文化中也有像面包这样的食物）可知，本段主要还是说明食物被赋予了文化性，本段中通过举例说明食物象征着“成功、财富和家庭团结等”美好愿望。所以填：People have different foods to symbolise goodwill in different cultures.44题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一句话“ The food people eat during celebrations may have
99、a long history and can symbolize many things, but sharing food is one custom that almost all humans have in common. ”（人们在庆祝活动中吃的食物可能有着悠久的历史，象征着很多东西，但分享食物是几乎所有人类的共同习俗。）可知，虽然历史悠久，但有很多象征意义，人们相信这些习俗能够带来好运（可以举一个例子），所以代代相传。所以填：These food traditions have a long history. They usually represent good meanings
100、. For example, round foods symbolize family unity; a cake with a coin stands for success. People believe that these customs will bring good luck, and they pass them down from one generation to another, forming their unique cultures. That is the reason why many of them are still important today.【点睛】第
101、二节 （20 分）45. 假定你是学生会主席李华，学生会将举办迎新联欢晚会，你希望外籍教师 Chris 能参加，于是你给他写一封邀请信。要点如下：1. 晚会开始、结束时间以及举办地点。2. 表演内容。3. 邀请对方参加的原因以及询问对方的意向。注意：1. 词数不少于 50。2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 邮件的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。Dear Chris,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Chris,How are you doing? Currently, in order to welcome the new students, an evening party
102、 will be held in our school. As the chairman of the Students Union, Im writing to invite you to join us.Here is a brief schedule. First it will be held in the school meeting hall from 7:00 to 9:00 p. m. next Sunday. In addition, there will be many wonderful performances presented by the teachers and
103、 students, such as singing, dancing, performing plays and so on. Everyone is longing for your coming, and it would be more cheerful if you could give a performance. I sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation and I have the confidence that we students would be extremely delighted to see you.
104、Please let me know your decision if it is convenient for you. I am looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍教师 Chris写封信，邀请他参加迎新联欢晚会。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 晚会开始、结束时间以及举办地点。2. 表演内容。3. 邀请对方参加的原因以及询问对方的意向。第二步:列
105、提纲 （重点词组）in order to; invite sb. to do sth.; a brief schedule; the school meeting hall; performance; such as; be longing for; cheerful; sincerely hope; invitation; decision; convenient; look forward to第三步：连词成句1. Currently, in order to welcome the new students, an evening party will be held in our sc
106、hool. 2. As the chairman of the Students Union, Im writing to invite you to join us.3. Here is a brief schedule.4. First, it will be held in the school meeting hall from 7:00 to 9:00 p. m. next Sunday.5. In addition, there will be many wonderful performances presented by the teachers and students, s
107、uch as singing, dancing, performing plays and so on.6. Everyone is longing for your coming, and it would be more cheerful if you could give a performance.7. I sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation and I have the confidence that we students would be extremely delighted to see you.8. Pleas
108、e let me know your decision if it is convenient for you.9. I am looking forward to your reply.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First2.表并列补充关系：In addition连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 Everyone is longing for your coming, and it would be more cheerful if you could give a performance. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)高分句型2 I sincerely hope that you can accept our invitation and I have the confidence that we students would be extremely delighted to see you. (运用了that引导宾语从句)- 24 -
