1、Section Lesson 4原文呈现Survival of the Fittest“Between now and the 21st century,citizens of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.For them,the future will arrive too soon.”So begins Alvin Tofflers book Future Shock,writte
2、n back in 1970.Now people are beginning to pay attention to Tofflers ideas because the speed of change is becoming increasingly fast.It is sometimes difficult to work out the patterns of change.What should you do?(1)_.Take a deep breathand try to get a sense of the good things the future has to offe
3、r.You dont need to be Einstein to predict the job areas which will be most affected by such change.Jobs in farming,coal mining and heavy industry are decreasing rapidly.(2)_读文清障keep up with 跟上，赶上catch up with 赶上keep pace with 与步调一致written back in 1970 为过去分词短语作后置定语。pay attention to 关注，注意(to 是介词)work
4、out 解决；制订出；弄清楚在 It is sometimes difficult to work out.中，it 作形式主语，真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语 to work out.。take a deep breath 深吸一口气decrease dIkris v减少，降低increase v增加，提高适者生存第 13 段译文阿尔文托夫勒在 1970 年写的未来的冲击一书是这样开头的：“从现在起到 21 世纪，这个世界最富有和最先进的国家的公民将会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。对于他们来讲，未来会降临得太快。”现在，由于变化的速度变得越来越快，人们开始关注托夫勒的 预 言。有 时 很
5、难 搞 清 变 化 的 规 律，你 该 如 何 应 对 呢？(1)_。深吸一口气，努力设想一下未来会发生的好事情。即使你不是爱因斯坦，也能推测出哪些工作领域受这些变化的影响最大。农业、煤矿业和重工业的工作职位会迅速减少。(2)_。Without doubt，the number of jobs in information technology will multiply10.There are currently over 100,000,000 computers in the world and by 2020 there will be 10 times more.(3)_There
6、are also many other important changes taking place.First,fewer and fewer people will have a“job for life”.(4)_.According to Mark Hastings of the Institute of Management,in the future,people will organise their working life around a variety of jobs,instead of working just for one division or branch o
7、f a company.without doubt 毫无疑问the number of.的数量“the number ofn.”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。10 multiply mltIplaI v大量增加；乘taking place 为现在分词短语作定语。according to 依据，按照a variety of(varieties of)各种各样的instead of 代替，而不是division dIvIn n部门；分割divide v分开branch brnt n分支，部门第 45 段译文 毫无疑问，信息技术领域的工作职位将会大幅度地增加。目前全世界有一亿多台计算机，到 2020
8、 年，这个数字将增加十倍。3 。还有很多其他重要的变化发生。首先，那种有“终身职业”想法的人将越来越少。4 。管理学院的马克黑斯廷斯指出，未来人们将围绕各种工作组织自己的职业生涯，而不会只服务于一家公司的一个部门或分支机构。Similarly，companies will operate in different ways.People will move around to do different jobs,rather thanmoving up in the company as before.Many more people will work for small,dynamic c
9、ompanies which can respond21quickly to changes in the market.Other people will give up working for a boss and start their own businesses.All this means that companies will require people who22 are flexible23 and can work on their own24.(5)_Good communication skills will be extremely important.Accord
10、ing to Dr Laurence Lyons of Future Work,women will be envied25 because they have an advantage26 in this area.James Traeger,spokesman of a government training organisation27，explains that many men will have to be retrained.“Its not about making men more like women,but helping men28 to communicate as
11、well.”Businesses will certainly become more international.English will probably remain the international business language,so dont bother29 learning Russian or Spanish.(6)_.Above all30，a manager will need to feel comfortable31 working with people from other countries and continents32.similarly adv.类
12、似地(在句中常作状语)operate preIt vi.运转，运作 vt.操作rather than 而不是dynamic daInmIk adj.精力充沛的21 respond rIspnd vi.反应；回复，回答respond to 对作出反应/答复22 who 引导定语从句，修饰 people。23 flexible fleksIbl adj.灵活的，柔韧的24 on ones own 独立地of ones own 属于某人自己的25 envy envi vt.羡慕，妒忌26 have an advantage 占优势27 spokesman of a government traini
13、ng organisation 是 James Traeger 的同位语。28 not.but.“不是而是”，连接并列结构。29 bother b vt.烦扰；打扰30 above all 最重要的是，首先31现在分词短语作伴随状语。32 continent kntInnt n大陆，洲第 68 段译文类似地，公司也将以不同的方式运转。人们不会像以前那样在同一个公司寻求提升，他们会多方寻找不同的工作。更多人将会供职于小型且具有活力的公司，这样的公司能对市场变化作出快速反应。还有些人将放弃给老板打工，而开始自己创业。所有这些都意味着公司需要的将是富有灵活性和能够独立工作的员工。(5)_。良好的沟通
14、技巧至关重要。“未来工作论坛”的劳伦斯莱昂斯博士指出，女性将受人羡慕，因为她们在这一领域占有优势。一家政府培训机构的发言人詹姆士泰瑞格解释说，很多男性将不得不接受再次培训，“其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人也能更好地沟通。”商业必定将变得更加国际化。英语可能还会是国际商务语言，所以不必费心去学习俄语或西班牙语。(6)_。首先，一位经理需要能够轻松自如地同来自其他国家和大洲的人共同工作。New technology is the driving force behind these rapid changes,so dont get left behind33.You dont need
15、to become a computer expert,but you must consider improving your computer skills.Work with more than one program in case34you have to use them at work35，and try to read about new technology.There is no doubt that36 all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of w
16、orking.Rather than going into an office,a lot of people are connected to the Internet and now work from home.Working like this allows you to live37 where you want38，to continue your studies and to enjoy the comfort39 of having a lot more free time.However,with all this change,lets hope that it also
17、helps the people in poor countries where slave40 labour still happens41.For the citizens of these nations,the future cant arrive soon enough.33 get left behind 为“getdone”结构。34 in case 以防万一；万一in case of(后接名词或代词)万一35 in case 在此引导条件状语从句。36 There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问”，that 引导同位语从句。37 allow sb.to do st
18、h.允许某人做某事permit/forbid sb.to do sth.允许/禁止某人做某事allow/permit/forbid doing sth.允许/禁止做某事38 where 引导地点状语从句。39 comfort kmft n舒适，安逸40 slave sleIv n奴隶slave labour 做苦工的奴隶；报酬极低的工作41 where 引导定语从句，修饰 countries。第 910 段译文 新技术是这些快速变化背后的驱动力，因此千万不能落后。你不必成为一名计算机专家，但你必须考虑提高自己的计算机技能。学习几种软件以备工作之需，并努力了解新的技术。毫无疑问，所有这些新技术正
19、在改变我们的工作方式，并提供许多其他的工作方式。现在很多人不去办公室，而是与互联网连接，在家里办公。这样的工作方式使你能够住在想住的地方，继续学业，并且享受拥有更多自由时间的舒适生活。然而，希望所有这些改变也能帮助仍然有苦役劳动的贫穷国家的人们改善生活。对于这些国家的人们来讲，这样的未来不会在近期实现。.根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词1 to increase greatly in number or amount2.a local office or shop/store belonging to a large company or organization3.to wish you h
20、ad the same qualities,possessions,opportunities,etc.as sb.else4.to make someone feel slightly worried，upset，or concernedmultiplybranchenvybother.拓展词汇1n判断，判断力v评判，判断；断定2v减少，降低v(反义词)增加3n部门；分割v分开，分割4vi.运转，运作 vt.操作n操作；手术5vi.反应；回复，回答n回答，回应6n舒适，安逸adj.舒适的，安逸的7n奴隶n奴隶制度judgementjudgedecreaseincreasedivisiondi
21、videoperateoperationrespondresponsecomfortcomfortableslaveslavery.补全短语1keep up 跟上，赶上2respond 对作出反应3 case 万一；以防万一4deal 应付，处理5pay attention 对注意6work 解决，弄清7take 发生8a of 各种各样的9all 首先，最重要的是10according 根据，按照withtoinwithtooutplacevarietyaboveto1There are currently over 100,000,000 computers in the world an
22、d by 2020 there will be 10 times more.目前全世界有一亿多台计算机，到 2020 年，这个数字将增加十倍。句式分析 A倍数形容词或副词的比较级thanB，表示“A 比 B 大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。佳句赏析 山东大学是我们学校的三倍大。Shandong University is three times bigger than ours.2Its not about making men more like women,but helping men to communicate as well.其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人也能更好地沟通。句式分
23、析 not.but.“不是而是”，用于连接并列成分。佳句赏析 不是这个故事本身而是这个故事反映出来的东西才是重要的。It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.3There is no doubt that all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many other ways of working.毫无疑问，所有这些新技术正在改变着我们的工作方式，提供给我们许多其他的工作方式。句式分析 There i
24、s/was no doubt that.“毫无疑问”，that 引导同位语从句，说明 doubt 的具体内容。佳句赏析 毫无疑问，中国在探索太空方面已取得了巨大进步。There is no doubt that China has made great progress in space exploration.4Working like this allows you to live where you want,to continue your studies and to enjoy the comfort of having a lot more free time.这样的工作方式使你
25、能够住在想住的地方，继续学业，并且享受拥有很多自由时间的舒适生活。句式分析“working like this”作主语，不定式短语 to live.,to continue.和 to enjoy.并列作 allows 的宾语补足语。where 引导地点状语从句。佳句赏析 飞往南方可以帮助一些鸟在气候温暖的地方度过寒冷的冬天。Flying to the south can help some birds to spend cold winter where the climate is warm.The world is changing rapidly,which affects the jo
26、b trends.Look at the following pictures,and try to find the ability you prefer to prepare for your future job hunting.Information technology is the driving force behind the rapidchanges;we should not get left behind.We must considerimproving our computer skills and try to know more newtechnology.Goo
27、d communication skills will be extremely important.Itplays an important role in the future development of businesses,and women have an advantage over men in this area,so manymen will be retrained for it.Read for the detailsDo the true(T)or false(F)questions according to the text.1Tofflers prediction
28、 has come true.()2There is nothing we can do to keep up with the demand for change.()3The idea of“job for life”is still fashionable.()4People will work for small,dynamic companies as well as big companies.()5People prefer to work from home rather than go to office.()TFFTT.Read for the structureRead
29、the text carefully and then fill in the chart with the information in the text.Survival of the FittestIntroduction Because the speed of change is becoming increasingly fast,people find it more and more difficult to work out the changing.patternsJobs in farming,coal mining and industry are decreasing
30、 while the service industry,the media and information technology will experience a.Because of the number of jobs in information technology,people working with will be in greater demand.Job trendsWorkers will have to be flexible enough to organize their working life around jobs instead of one divisio
31、n or branch of a company.heavyboommultiplyingcomputersvariousMany people will work for small,dynamic companies which can get a quick to the changing market and more people will be.Job trendsBusinesses will become more and more.It will be important to have good communication skills and to understand
32、different people,their minds and culture.Conclusion New technology is the driving force behind the rapid changes,so we need to improve our computer skills and read about new technology to 10 up with the demand for change.responseself-employedinternationalkeep1Between now and the 21st century,citizen
33、s of the worlds richest and most advanced nations will find it more and more difficult to keep up with the demand for change.(P28)从现在起到 21 世纪，这个世界最富有和最先进的国家的公民将会感到越来越难以跟上变化的需要。keep up with 跟上，赶上；与保持联系Though she is very old,she likes to keep up with the latest fashions.虽然她一大把年纪了，但她仍喜欢赶时髦。He still aft
34、er he went to university.他上大学后依然与我们保持联系。kept up with uskeep up 坚持；保持keep fit 保持健康keep off (使)不接近；避开keep in touch with 与保持联系keep.out of.使不进入The house is strong enough to in a storm.这所房子很坚固，足以抵挡风暴。So you had better not eat too many sweets or chocolates and.因此你最好不要吃太多甜食和巧克力，并远离咖啡。keep upkeep off coffee
35、名师点津 由“动词up with”构成的短语：put up with 忍受come up with 想出catch up with 赶上2Jobs in farming,coal mining and heavy industry are decreasingrapidly.(P28)农业、煤矿业和重工业的工作职位会迅速减少。decrease(1)vi.&vt.减少，降低Love is like the moon;when it does not increase it decreases.(谚)爱情像月亮，不盈即亏。decrease to.减少到decrease by.减少了decrease
36、 from.to.从减少到The production of this kind of car has decreased ten percent.这类汽车的产量降低了百分之十。The sales of this product have decreased seven million five million.这种产品的销售量已从七百万下降到五百万。(2)n.减少，降低on the decrease 在减少，在下降a decrease in.在方面减少byfromtoA local newspaper remarks that the crime is.一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件正在减少。I
37、 would like to see the gap between the rich and the poor in our society.我希望看到在我们社会，富人和穷人之间的差距能缩小。语境串记 The production of the cotton this year is on the decrease,and compared with that of last year,it has decreased by 20%,but the price has increased by 30%.今年的棉花产量在下降，与去年相比，下降了 20%，但价格却上涨了 30%。on the d
38、ecreasea decrease in3Similarly,companies will operate in different ways.(P28)类似地，公司也将以不同的方式运转。operate(1)vi.运转，运作；动手术；经营，营业operate well/badly 运转/经营得好/坏operate on sb.(for.)(因)给某人动手术Some people can only operate well under pressure.有些人只有在压力下才工作得好。Well have to operate the little girl because her life is
39、in danger.我们得给这个小女孩动手术因为她有生命危险。on(2)vt.操作；被使用；使运转This is a new model machine which is very easy(operate)这是一台容易操作的新型机器。to operate4Many more people will work for small,dynamic companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market.(P28)更多人将会供职于小型且具有活力的公司，这样的公司能对市场变化作出快速反应。respond vi.反应；回复，回答；作出反
40、应；响应(1)respond to 回答；对作出反应；(对治疗等)有良好反应respond with a smile 以微笑作为回答respond to.with/by doing.通过做回答/回复(2)response n.回答，答复；反应；响应in response to 作为的回应make a quick response to 对作出快速反应He responded to my suggestion with a smile/by smiling.他对我的建议报之以一笑。The product was developed in (respond)to customers demands
41、.这种产品是为满足顾客的需求而开发的。Without doubt,she has responded well the treatment.毫无疑问，经过治疗她大有起色。responseto5According to Dr Laurence Lyons of Future Work,women will be envied because they have an advantage in this area.(P28)“未来工作论坛”的劳伦斯莱昂斯博士指出，女性将受人羡慕，因为她们在这一领域占有优势。envy(1)vt.羡慕，妒忌envy sb.sth.羡慕某人某物envy sb.doing
42、 sth.因做某事妒忌或羡慕某人She envied me my good fortune.她羡慕我的好运气。I envy you (have)such a close family.我羡慕你有一个如此亲密的家庭。名师点津 envy 作动词时，可以接双宾语，也可以接“宾语动名词”组成的复合结构。having(2)n.羡慕，妒忌envy of sb.对某人的嫉妒或羡慕envy of/at sth.对某物的嫉妒或羡慕(green)with envy 非常妒忌be the envy of 成为妒忌或羡慕的对象out of envy 出于嫉妒Her colleagues were green.她的同事
43、都非常妒忌(她)。Her many talents were all her friends.她多才多艺，所有的朋友都很羡慕她。with envythe envy of6English will probably remain the international business language,so dont bother learning Russian or Spanish.(P28)英语可能还会是国际商务语言，所以不必费心去学习俄语或西班牙语。bother(1)vt.打扰，烦扰；使烦恼It bothers sb.to do sth./that.使某人烦恼bother sb.(with
44、/about sth.)(拿某事)烦扰某人The problem that Dolly the sheep developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.多莉羊患上了严重肺病的问题困扰着科学家。I dont want to my problems at the moment.我现在不想因为我的问题而打扰他。bother him with/about(2)vt.&vi.花费时间、精力(做某事)bother doing/to do sth.费心做某事bother about/with.为费心/花费时间或精力He didnt even bo
45、ther (let)me know he was coming.他甚至都没通知我他要来。I dont know why you bother that crowd.我弄不懂你为什么和那伙人浪费时间。to let/lettingwith/about7Work with more than one program in case you have to use them at work,and try to read about new technology.(P28)学习几种软件以备工作之需，并努力了解新的技术。in case(1)conj.以防，万一既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导条件状语从句。
46、In case anything important happens,please call me up.万一发生什么重要的事情，请给我打电话。名师点津 in case 后跟从句时，相当于一个连词。从句通常用一般现在时表将来，也可用 should,might 等情态动词。(2)adv.以防万一，免得单独用作副词，在句中作状语。It may not rain,but youd better take an umbrella.可能不会下雨，但是你最好还是带上雨伞，以防万一。in case of.假如/万一发生in no case 决不，在任何情况下都不(置于句首，句子要部分倒装)in this/t
47、hat case 假使这样/那样的话in any case 无论如何，总之in caseLeave me a phone number where I can reach you an emergency.给我留个电话，万一有什么紧急情况可以找到你。should wrong ideas be allowed to spread freely.决不能让错误思想自由泛滥。in case ofIn no case1There are currently over 100,000,000 computers in the world and by 2020 there will be 10 times
48、 more.目前全世界上有一亿多台计算机，到 2020 年，这个数字将增加十倍。本句中 10 times more 是表达倍数的一种方法。倍数表达法的常用句型有：(1)Abe倍数asadj./adv.原级as B(2)Abe倍数adj./adv.比较级than B(3)Abe倍数the名词(size/weight/length.)of B(4)A倍数what 从句，表示“A 是的多少倍”The red ruler is three times as (long)as the yellow one.The red ruler is three times (long)than the yello
49、w one.The red ruler is three times the (long)of the yellow one.这把红尺子是黄尺子的三倍长。The population now in this village is ten years ago.现在这个村庄的人口是十年前的五倍。名师点津 在表示“两倍”时要用 double 或 twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词times”。倍数有时也可以用分数、百分数、half等来替换。longlongerlengthfive times what it was2Its not about making men more like women,
50、but helping men to communicate as well.其目的不是令男人更像女人，而是帮助男人也能更好地沟通。(1)not.but.“不是而是”，有两者对比的转折意思，用于连接两个并列的结构，如主语、表语、谓语、宾语等。He failed not because he isnt clever but because he didnt work hard.他失败不是因为他不聪明，而是因为他工作不努力。Our purpose is not to do it for you but (teach)you to do it by yourself.我们的目的不是替你做这件事，而是
51、教会你自己来做。to teach(2)当 not.but.连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词一般要与就近的主语保持人称和数的一致。连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近原则”的还有：either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but(also).等。Not the workers but the manager (be)hoping to do that.希望做那件事的不是工人们，而是经理。Not only the students but(also)their teacher (be)enjoying the movie at that moment.那时，不仅学生们而且
52、他们的老师在津津有味地看着这部电影。iswas课时跟踪检测.单句语法填空1There is some doubt their football team will win the match.2Youd better go there by train.The train ticket is three times cheaper the airplane ticket.3Charles was at the clinic recovering from an (operate)on his arm.4The doctor (response)that he could not tell th
53、e name of her disease.5We had a lot of bother (find)our way to his house.whetherthanoperationrespondedfinding.完成句子1It became harder and harder for him to (跟上他的同学们)2The high temperature tomorrow (会降到)8 degrees Celsius.3Take a hat with you (以防太阳太大)4It is (不是他说的话而是他做的事)that matters.5We thought he said such things (出于嫉妒)keep up with his classmateswill decrease toin case the sun is too hotnot what he said but what he didout of envy “课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（九）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看
