1、Unit 7 International charities第四课时 Grammarn.传单,散页印刷品hand out the leaflet 分发,提出1.,and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented and cured.2.The plane is also used as a training center.3.Also,local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations.4.,150 patients are operat
2、ed on.Translate the following sentence into Chinese.语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。如：We clean the classroom every day.我们每天都打扫教室。The classroom is cleaned(by us)every day.教室每天都被(我们)打扫。被动语态的基本构成主语be动词 过去分词一般现在时Iamsupported.You/We/TheyareHe/She/Itis一般过去
3、时Iwassupported.You/We/TheywereHe/She/Itwas1.The cake was eaten by Daniel.2.Nancy bought a book yesterday.3.The little dog is looked after very well by Simon.4.He is reading English.5.The computer is bought by my uncle.6.I am woken up by my father every morning.Underline the passive voice in the foll
4、owing sentences.None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。被动语态的基本用法The toy is designed for children.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。需要强调动作的承受者时。My bike was repaired.我的自行车修好了。The problem was talked about just now.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。这个问题刚才被讨论过。Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.所有的学生都喜欢吴
5、老师。在被动语态的句子中,如果我们需要指出动作的执行者,可以由by引出。有些动词常用于被动语态。如：He was born in Nanjing.他生于南京。The mobile phone was made in China.这部手机是中国制造的。1.Today English _ all over China.A.teach B.teaches C.is taught D.are taught2.The meeting _ two weeks ago.A.hold B.was held C.were held D.is held3.The thief _ by the police las
6、t night.A.caught B.is caught C.was caught D.were caught4.The photos _ when I was young.A.were taken B.was taken C.are taken D.is taken 5.Millie is my best friend.I _ often _ to her party.A.is invited B.am invited C.are invited D.was invited6.Last year Beijing _ by a big sandstorm.A.is hit B.were hit
7、 C.will be hit D.was hit主动语态和被动语态的句式转换主动语态主语She谓语(主动式)hurt宾语me.被动语态原宾语(改为主格)I谓语(被动式)was hurtby原主语(改为宾格)her.主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换主动语态主语He谓语(主动式)passed间宾me直宾a book.被动语态原直宾A book谓语(被动式)was passedto meby原主语(改为宾格)him.原间宾(改为主格)I谓语(被动式)was passed原直宾a bookby原主语(改为宾格)him.1.有些动词,其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell,taste,sound,
8、feel 等。The dish smells good.这道菜闻起来很香。The music sounds nice.这段音乐听起来不错。还有一些不及物动词,常用主动语态,和well,easily等副词连用,含有被动意义。如:read,write,draw,sell,wash,cook,clean 等。The books sell well.这些书很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很顺滑。2.在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中,动词不定式的to常省去,但是在被动语态中要加上to。主动语态主语The teacher谓语(主动式)made宾语him不带to的不定
9、式retell the story.被动语态原宾语(改为主格)He谓语(被动式)was made带to的不定式to retell the story by原主语(改为宾格)the teacher.The Class 1,Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor.Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice.A
10、dd the word by when necessary.are planned to help the poorWhat they do every year1.Charity activities _(plan/to help the poor).are handed out to peopleLeaflets _ _(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers).in the street by volunteersToys and CDs _(sell/to raise money).are sold to raise moneyWhat
11、they did last weekNew books _ _(send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1,Grade 8 students).were sent to children in poorareas by the Class 1,Grade 8 studentsWarm clothes _(collect/for poor people).were collected for poor peopleA charity show _(hold/the Students Union).was held by the Students Unio
12、nAmy and Daniel are talking about charities.Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.Amy:Im reading a book about Oxfam.Daniel:Really?Please tell me about it.Amy:OK.Oxfam _(set up)in the UK in 1942,and the first Oxfam shop _(open)in 1948.Now it has about 15,000 s
13、hops in all over the world.A lot of things _(sell)in Oxfam shops,including books.The money _(use)by Oxfam to help poor people.was set up was openedare soldis usedDaniel:Thats good.There are also some charity projects in China.One of them _(call)Project Hope.It _(start)in 1989.With its help,millions
14、of poor children all over the country _(give)basic education.is calledwas started are givenAmy:Yea.Many schools _(build)in poor areas each year.are built把下列主动语态的句子变为被动语态,或把被动语态的句子变为主动语态。1.Tome often helps Jenny when she is in trouble.Jenny is often helped by Tom when she is in trouble.2.I bought a c
15、omputer last week.A computer was bought by me last week.3.The whole cake was eaten by Eddie yesterday.Eddie ate the whole cake yesterday.4.Many trees are planted by students and teachers every year.Students and teachers plant many tress every year.5.She takes good care of the children.The children are taken good care of by her.1.Review the contents of this lesson.2.Finish the exercises in the workbook.3.Preview the next lesson.ByeBye!
