1、MonetClaude Monet(18401926),a French painter helped to start the Impressionist movement.He is famous for his paintings of the countryside in which he tried to show the effects of light by painting the same picture at different times of day or in different types of weather.Van GoghVan Gogh(18531890),
2、a Dutch painter,went to live in southern France and helped to develop the style of Post-Impressionism.His paintings typically use bright colors and have thick lines.One of the most famous ones is Sunflowers.He is also known for being mentally ill and cutting off one of his ears and later killing him
3、self.Poor as he was during his life,his paintings are now extremely valuable and sold for very high prices.PicassoPicasso(18811973),a Spanish artist,is regarded as one of the greatest and more original artists of the 20th century.After being trained as an artist in Barcelona and Madrid,he moved to P
4、aris in 1900 and stayed there for many years.He helped to develop Cubism and other styles of Abstract art.And his works are divided into periods,such as the“Blue Period”and the“Rose Period”.His many famous paintings include Les Demoiselles Davignon and Guernica,a criticismof war and Fascism.多积词汇be f
5、amous for 以闻名painting n.绘画style n.风格；类型typically adv.典型地mentally adv.精神上；智力上extremely adv.非常，极其；极端地abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的criticism n.批评；考证；苛求 Section Warming Up&Reading Pre-reading读文清障原文呈现A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGArt is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art ha
6、ve changed many times.As there are so many different styles of Western art，it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.Consequently，this text will describe only the most important ones,starting from the sixth century AD.faith/feI/n.信任；信心；信念faithfully/feIflI/adv.忠实地as 引导原因状语从句
7、。consequently/knsIkwntlI/adv因而；所以现在分词短语 starting from.在句中作定语，修饰 ones。读文清障原文呈现The Middle Ages(5th to 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.A conventionalartist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really wer
8、e.A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols,which created a feeling of respect and love for God.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.the Middle Ages 中世纪aim/eIm/n
9、.目标；目的 vi.&vt.瞄准；(向某方向)努力conventional/knvennl/adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的typical/tIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的evident/evIdnt/adj.明显的；明白的It is/was evident that.“显然”，it 为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。Giotto di Bondone/dt dIbndn/乔托(意大利画家、雕刻家、建筑师)西方绘画艺术简史艺术受一个民族的生活习俗和信仰影响。西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能去全面的描述它们。因此，本文只谈及从
10、公元 6世纪以来最主要的几种(艺术风格)。中世纪(公元 5 世纪到 15 世纪)在中世纪，画家的主要目的是表现宗教主题。这个时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的敬重与爱戴之情。但是，很显然在 13 世纪时，(人们的)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始用一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。读文清障原文呈现The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance,new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in th
11、e Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art.They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings,
12、so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves,their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.renaissance/rIneIsns;US rensns/n.新生；复兴；复活the Renaissance 文艺复兴(时期)adopt/dpt/vt.采用；采纳；收养humanistic/hjumnIstIk/
13、adj.人道主义的possess/pzes/vt.拥有；具有；支配superb/supb；sjupb/adj.卓越的；杰出的；极好的 possession/pzen/n.(尤 作 复 数)所有；财产as well as 既又；也，连接两个并列成分。读文清障原文呈现perspective/pspektIv/n.透视画法；透视图；观点technique/teknik/n.技术；方法；技能21 Masaccio/mstI/马萨乔(意大利画家)22 If the rules of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been.是含
14、有虚拟语气的复合句，表示与过去事实相反的情况。One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective.This technique was first used by Masaccio21 in 1428.When people first saw his paintings,they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.If the rul
15、es of perspective had not been discovered,no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures22.读文清障原文呈现By coincidence23，oil paints were also developed at this time,which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.Without the new paints and the new technique,we would not be a
16、ble to see the many great masterpieces24 for which this period is famous25.23 coincidence/kInsIdns/n.巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合by coincidence 巧合地24 masterpiece/mstpis/n.杰作；名著25 这里 without 引导的介词短语表述非真实条件，整个句子叫含蓄虚拟条件句。for which.是“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。文艺复兴时期(15 世纪到 16 世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪提出的那些。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而
17、且采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品以便用来装饰他们的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像，画自己的房屋和财物，以及他们的活动和成就。在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。这一手法是 1428 年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画中使用的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能够
18、看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。读文清障原文呈现26 impressionism/ImprenIzm/n.印象主义；印象派impressionist/ImprenIst/adj.印象派的 n.印象派艺术家post-impressionist adj.后印象派的 n.后印象派艺术家27 a great deal 大量28 break away from 脱离29 介词短语 Among the painters位于句首，句子用完全倒装语序。Impressionism26(late 19th to early 20th century)In the late 19th century,Europe c
19、hanged a great deal27，from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities.There were many new inventions and social changes.Naturally,these changes also led to new painting styles.Among the painters who broke away from28the tradition
20、al style of painting were the Impressionists,who lived and worked in Paris29.读文清障原文呈现30 动 词 不 定 式 短 语 to work outdoors 作定语，修饰 the first painters。当 中 心 词 被 the first/last 等修饰时，通常用动词不定式(短语)作定语。31 shadow/d/n.阴影；影子32 句子 Their paintings were.中包含 not as.as 句式，表示“不如”，those 指代前面提到的复数名词 paintings。33 ridiculo
21、us/rIdIkjls/adj.荒 谬的；可笑的The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors30.They were eager to show how light and shadow31 fell on objects at different times of day.However,because natural light changes so quickly,the Impressionists had to paint quickly.Their paintings were not as detailed
22、 as those of earlier painters32.At first,many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it.They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous33.印象派时期(19 世纪后期到 20 世纪初期)19 世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁到了新城市。有着许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的
23、绘画风格。在那些突破传统绘画风格的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。印象派画家是第一批室外写生的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，许多人都不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家漫不经心、粗枝大叶，而他们的作品是荒谬可笑的。读文清障原文呈现34 controversial/kntrvl/adj.争 论的；争议的35 what 引导的从句作介词 of 的宾语。what we call 译为“我们所说的；所谓的”。36 This is because.
24、这 是 因为(because 后跟原因)This is why.这 就 是 为 什么(why 后跟结果)37 attempt/tempt/n.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图38 on the other hand(可是)另一方面39 so.that“如此以至于”，在此引导结果状语从句。40 predict/prIdIkt/vt.预言；预告；预测Modern Art(20th century to today)At the time they were created,the Impressionist paintings were controversial34，but today they
25、 are accepted as the beginning of what we call“modern art”35.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways36.There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.On the one hand,some modern
26、 art is abstract;that is,the painter does not attempt37 to paint objects as we see them with our eyes,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object,using colour,line and shape to represent them.On the other hand38，some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photog
27、raphs39.These styles are so different.Who can predict40 what painting styles there will be in the future？现代艺术(20 世纪至今)在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在争议的。但是如今它们已被人们接受而成为我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用崭新的方式去看待他们的环境。现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条
28、和形状把它们呈现出来。(而)另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，它们看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格呢？.Please match the words with their proper meanings.1faith A目标；目的2typical B信任；信心；信念3aim C阴影；影子4possession D典型的；有代表性的5shadow E财产；所有6superb F抽象的；深奥的7abstract G拥有；具有8possess H卓越的；杰出的答案：15 BDAEC 68 HFG.Write down the meaning of p
29、hrases in each sentence.1On the one hand,we should develop our economy;on the other hand we should protect the environment.2We live close to each other,so I see him a great deal.3By coincidence my husband and I have the same birthday.4What is known to us is that it s human s activity that leads to g
30、lobal warming._5When you concentrate on one task,you find you have energy that you didn t even know you had.6Only then did I realize that it was foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them.(可是)另一方面经常巧合地导致全神贯注于脱离关系Look at the following pictures.Can you match the painting
31、s with the painters?A莫奈 B达芬奇 C毕加索D徐悲鸿答案：CABD.Fast-reading1.Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks.The text mainly tells us of the major movements in art over the centuries.fourWestern2.Match the period and what influenced the painting style in the period.The Middle Ages Aa more humanistic atti
32、tudeThe Renaissance Breligious faithImpressionism Cencouragement from the ImpressionistsModern art Dchanges in society答案：BADC.Careful-reading1Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks.PeriodsThemesCharacteristics of the paintingsThe Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)To represent(1)themes.F
33、ull of religious symbolsIn a more realistic way in the(2)centuryThe Renaissance(15thto 16th century)To paint people and nature as they really were.(3)was used for the first timeOil paints were also developedreligious13thPerspectivePeriodsThemesCharacteristics of the paintings(4)(late 19th to early 2
34、0th century)To show how(5)and shadow fell on objects at different times of day.Not as(6)as those of earlier paintersControversial at firstModern Art(20th century to today)To look at their(7)in new ways.(8)RealisticImpressionismlightdetailedenvironmentAbstract2.Choose the best answer.(1)It can be inf
35、erred from the text that classical Roman and Greek ideas were _.Aimaginary BperspectiveCimpressionistic Drealistic(2)Which of the following are the styles of paintings about Modern Art?AAbstract and realistic.BAbstract and natural.CReligious and natural.DPeople and objects.(3)In which period can we
36、find more paintings about people and nature?A20th century to today.B5th to the 15th century AD.C15th to 16th century.DLate 19th to early 20th century.(4)What is the relationship between the Impressionists andModern Art?AThe Impressionists teach the modern artists how to draw things in perspective.BB
37、y learning modern art,the Impressionists begin to look at their environment in new ways.CWith the modern artists help,the Impressionists know how to paint outdoors.DWithout the Impressionists,maybe we would not see many kinds of modern art styles.(5)What can we learn from the text?AMany people liked
38、 the Impressionist paintings at first.BThe first painters to work outdoors were the Impressionists.CStyles in Western art have changed little and are easy to describe.DOil paints were developed in the late 19th century to make the colours look richer and deeper.答案：(1)(5)DACDB.Study-readingAnalyze th
39、e following difficult sentences in the text.1But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.句式分析 尝试翻译 但是，很显然到了 13 世纪时，观念发生了变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来描绘宗教场景。尝试翻译 2At the time they were created,
40、the Impressionist paintings were controversial,but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call“modern art”句式分析 在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的。但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。3On the one hand,some modern art is abstract;that is,the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our ey
41、es,but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object,using colour,line and shape to represent them.句式分析 that is 为插入语；as we see them with our eyes为方式状语从句；using colour,line and shape to represent them 为现在分词短语作方式状语。尝试翻译一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并非试图把我们的眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中体现某些物体的某些品质和特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。“课时跟踪检测”见“Unit 1 课时跟踪检测（一）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看
