1、20212022学年新课标外研版初中英语学习讲义八年级下学期Module 8课文知识点总结笔记Module 8 Time off语法：that引导的宾语从句一、放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句”二、可分为三类：一类是that引导的宾语从句；一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。三、that引导的宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：
2、believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时，Eg: He says that that is a useful book.（2）当从句前有插入语时Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.（3）当宾语从句中含主从复合句时Eg: Im afraid that if
3、 youve lost it, you must pay for it.（4）当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的that都不可省略Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.2.宾语从句的时态：（1）主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定Eg: (1) I remember he gave me a book yesterday. (2) He has told me that hell le
4、ave for New York tomorrow.（2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.（3）宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时Eg: He told me that the earth is round.注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时，要否定前移。Eg: I dont think he is a good student.Unit 1 I can hardly believ
5、e were in the city centre.1.Here we are.我们在这里。 是一个倒装句2.welcome to + 地点 “欢迎来到某地”当地点为here, there,home时，要省略towelcome(adj.) 受欢迎的；不必感谢的Eg: Hes a welcome teacher.- Thank you.- Youre welcome.welcome (n.) 欢迎；迎接give sb. a warm welcome热烈欢迎某人welcome (v.) 欢迎Eg: Were welcoming the new teacher.3. so + adj. + that
6、 “如此以至于”Eg: He was so angry that he couldnt say a word.such + n. + that “如此以至于”Eg: He was a cute boy that everyone likes him.so that“以便;为了”用来表目的，常与can, could连用Eg: I got up early so that I could catch the early bus.4. hear the birds singing 听见鸟儿唱歌hear sb.doing sth. “听见某人正在做某事”强调听见的动作正在进行hear sb. do s
7、th. “听见某人做了某事”强调听见整个事情、行为的全过程5.hardly (adv.) “几乎不；几乎没”有否定意义，位于系动词、助动词、情态动词后，是实义动词前hard (adv.) 努力地 hard (adj.) 硬的、艰苦的Eg: (1) I can hardly know the news.我几乎不知道这个新闻。(2) He works hard. 他工作努力。(3)He lives a hard life.他过着艰苦的生活。注意：hardly 为否定副词，变为反义疑问句时，附加疑问句用肯定式。Eg: He hardly laughed, did he?hardly位于句首用倒装Eg
8、: Hardly can he see anything.6. be famous for因而出名be famous as 作为而出名Eg: Yantai is famous for its apples. He is famous as an actor.7.take up 占据（时间、空间等）8.over (adv.) 多于、大于 = more thanEg: Over half of “.一多半的”（prep.） 在之上（垂直上方） - （反）underEg: There is a light over the table.(prep.) 越过Eg: He jumped over the
9、 wall.9. cross the bridge 过桥 climb up the hill 爬山10.point out指出point to/ at指向，指着to强调远，at强调近11.sight (Cn.)“风景；名胜”常用复数see the sights 游览名胜12.go for a swim去游泳13.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事allow doing sth. 允许做某事be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事14. its better to do sth. 做某事更好15. at the top of 在的顶端on the top o
10、f 在上e on 快点儿；加油；打开；进行Eg: The red light doesnt come on.How are things coming on?17.waste (v.) 浪费；滥用waste time/ money on sth.在上浪费时间/金钱waste time/ money (in) doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事18.in the city centre 在市中心19.time off休假20.something to drink 喝的东西21.be popular with sb. 受欢迎22.suggest doing sth. 建议做某事advise
11、 to do sth. 建议做某事23.be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事24. ancient building 古建筑Unit 2 We thought somebody was moving about.1.promise to do sth. 答应做某事promise sb.sth. 许诺某人做某事promise that从句 答应make a promise 许下诺言keep a promise 遵守诺言break a promise 违背诺言2.have a wonderful time 玩得高兴3.square kilometer 平方公里4.magic land神
12、奇的地方5.look like看起来像look for 寻找6.human (n.)人；人类human (adj.)人类的；通人性的Eg: (1) A human can think and talk, but an animal cant.(2) She is really human. 她是一个有人情味的人。7.while (conj.) 然而Eg: He is a worker while I am a doctor.while(conj.) 当时候Eg: While I was watching TV, my father came back.while (n.) 一会儿；一段时间Eg
13、: Youd better rest for a while.8.wild animal野生动物9.by the small lake 在小湖边10.noise (Cn.) 噪音make some noise 制造噪音11.wake sb. up唤醒某人12.somebody (不定代词) “某人；有人” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数somebody (Cn)“要人；有地位的人”Eg: He is a somebody in his town, but just a nobody here.他在他的城镇是个人物，但在这里只是一个无名小卒。13.move about四处走动；到处旅行move awa
14、y 离开；搬走move in 迁入move on 继续向前移动move out 迁出；搬走14.without doing sth. 没做某事15.it is a pity that 从句 “.是个遗憾”16.above 在之上（斜上方）Eg: We were flying above the clouds.over “在之上”（正上方）Eg: The light is over/ above the table.on 在之上（有接触）Eg: There is a box on the table.17.walk down the path 顺路而下path （Cn）小路；路径18.pull
15、(v.)拉；牵；扯-（反义）push (v.) 推pull off 把扯下来pull down拉倒；拆毁pull out of 拔掉；抽出19. the + 序数词 + adj.最高级 “第几最的”Eg: Yellow River is the second longest river.黄河是第二长河。20.wish接动词不定式或宾语从句，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气；还可以接复合宾语（wish sb. to do sth.）wish sb. + 名词 表祝福hope接动词不定式（hope to do sth.）接从句（hope that 从句）Eg: He wishes/ hopes to be
16、 a doctor in the future.My parents wish me to be healthy.I wish I were in Australia one day.21.go back to = return to 回到22.rock in shape奇石23.animal human野人e out出来Unit 3Language in use1.go out alone独自外出2.get lost迷路3.go to the countryside 去乡下4.do sightseeing= do some sightseeing 观光go some sightseeing
17、去观光5.have to 不得不6.not any more不再7.in the end“终于；最后”指经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况后才发生finally “最后”只指一系列事物或论点的顺序at last “最后”可与finally互换，往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后Eg: (1) He bought the house in the end.(2) He spoke at the meeting finally.(3) At last we arrived home.8. be careful“小心”Eg: You should be careful; the ground is wet.
18、表“当心”时可单独使用，目的为了引起某人注意Eg: Be careful! Its wet on the ground.be careful of/ about sth. 小心某事Eg: We must be careful of the snakes.be careful to do sth. 小心地做某事Eg: He was careful to keep out of sight.范文：描述张家界Zhangjiajie is about 480 square kilometres. It is about 400 kilometres from Changsha. It is famous all over the world. There are a lot of mountains, rivers, forests, many kinds of plants and animals in Zhangjiajie.There are also many strange shape of tall rocks and beautiful sights. If you want, you can sleep in a hotel or camps in park in it.I believe you will have a good time in Zhangjiajie.
