1、外研版英语八（上）Module 7 A famous story知识点详解重点词句总览Unit 1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the river.单词卡片名词：hole, rabbit, ground动词：fall, follow 短语归纳a girl called Alice一个叫爱丽丝的女孩；by the river在河边；fall down下落；跌落；in a tree 在树上；smile at向/朝微笑；arrive at到达；have a tea party举行茶会。句型再现1. - Whats the book about? “这本书
2、是关于什么的？” - Its about a girl called Alice. “它是关于一个叫爱丽丝的女孩的。”2. One day, Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and she saw a white rabbit with a watch. 一天，爱丽丝正和她姐姐坐在河边时，她看见一只戴着表的白兔。3. It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone.它正坐在树上，朝着每个人微笑。4. They were having a tea party in the garden
3、. 他们正在花园里举行茶会。5. To see if you remember the story! 看看你是否记得这个故事！Unit 2 She was thinking about her cat. & Unit 3单词卡片名词：pink, field, pocket动词：land 形容词：pink, deep, dry副词：twice, suddenly连词：while 短语归纳Unit 2：have nothing to do无事可做；once or twice偶尔，一两次；look into向里看；nothing strange没有什么奇怪的东西；takeout of将从中拿出来；g
4、et up站起来； run across跑过；think about考虑；get out出去；tooto太而不能；land on落到上；be interested in对感兴趣。Unit 3：go off (电灯)熄灭；just now 刚才；show sb. around带某人参观；stop doing sth. 停止做某事；fall asleep睡着，入睡；once upon a time从前；take the place of代替；in front of在前面。句型再现1. Alice had nothing to do. 爱丽丝无事可做。2. And what is a book fo
5、r 那么一本书有什么用3. There was nothing strange about that. 那并没有什么奇怪的。4. Alice got up and ran across the field after it. 爱丽丝站起来，跟着它跑过了田地。5. She saw it go down a large rabbit hole in the ground. 她看到它进入地下一个很大的兔子洞里面。6. It was too dark for her to see anything. 对她来说太黑了，她什么也看不见。7. While she was falling, she was t
6、hinking about her cat, Dinah.在她不断下落的过程中，她想起了她的猫黛娜。模块语法过去进行时（1）(详见模块语法详解)交际用语1. 表示语气的句型：Ssh! 嘘！ Sorry!对不起！ Ha ha 哈哈2. 描述过去某个时刻正在做某事的句型：What were you doing at 5 am yesterday? 昨天早上5点你在做什么？They were having a tea party in the garden. 他们正在花园里举办茶会。 3. 讲故事的句型：Its about 它是关于 One day, 一天，模块写作学会描述一个事件发生的过程或情景。
7、Unit 1 Alice was sitting with her sister by the river.(A3).【知识点再现】Im reading. 我正在读书。 知识点1【辨析】read，look，see和watch的区别：read 意为“读”，口语中也译为“看”，常用于“读书、看报、看杂志”等。 如：We read English in the morning. 早上我读英语。/ Jim likes reading newspapers very much. 吉姆非常喜欢看报纸。look意为“看，瞧”，是不及物动词，强调“看”的动作，如有宾语必须与介词at连用。如：Look! The
8、y are playing games over there. 看，他们在那边做游戏。/ Look at the blackboard, please. 请看黑板。see意为“看见/到”， 强调“看”的结果，“看医生，看电影”也要用see。如：Can you see it clearly? 你能清楚地看见它吗？watch意为“观看，欣赏”，常用于“看电视、看比赛、看戏、看实验以及各种表演”。如：They were watching TV at 8:00 last night. 昨晚8点他们在看电视。(A3).【知识点再现】Its about a girl called Alice. 这本书是关
9、于一个叫爱丽丝的女孩的。知识点2a girl called Alice意为“一个叫爱丽丝的女孩”。called 是过去分词作定语，意为“叫做；称为”，修饰girl，放在名词之后作定语，相当于named，called 是call的过去分词。如：We call him Mike. 我们叫他迈克。/ I have a good friend called Tom. 我有个朋友叫汤姆。【拓展】call还可以用作动词“打电话，给某人打电话，大声呼叫”，短语call sb.=give sb. a call.“给某人打电话”。如： Please call me if you see him. 你看见他就给我
10、打电话。If I have time, I will call you. 如果我有时间，我会给你打电话。(A3).【知识点再现】One day, Alice was sitting with her sister by the river and she saw a white rabbit with a watch. 一天，爱丽丝和姐姐一起坐在河边，她看见一只带着手表的白兔。知识点3本句为过去进行时态，其结构为：“主语+was/were+现在分词+其它”。过去进行时是指“过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作或过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作”。如：My mother was cooking at
11、6:30 last night. 昨天晚上六点半我妈妈在做饭。Mr. Smith was writing a book those days. 史密斯先生那些天一直在写一本书。知识点4with her sister意为“和她姐姐”，是介词短语，作伴随状语。with意为“和/与一起”，常用来连接名词或代词，放句末，作伴随状语。但当with连接两个并列主语时，注意谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由第一个主语决定。如：He will go home with his sister. 他将和他的姐姐一起回家。/ He with his sister is going home. 他将和他的姐姐一起回家。知识
12、点5by the river意为“在河边”，是介词，表示位置，相当于near或beside。如：The old man lives by the sea. 那个老人住在海边。/ There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。【拓展】by的其他用法如下：为“被，由；受”。如：The book is written by Luxun. 这本书是由鲁迅写的。意为“从的旁边经过/路过”，表示移动方向。如：An old friend passed by me without stopping. 一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。意为“不迟于，在之前”，如：Yo
13、u must finish the work by Friday. 你必须在周五前完成工作。意为“通过，用，靠”，表示方法、手段。如：I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。知识点6with a watch意为“带着一块手表”，是介词短语，作后置定语，修饰a white rabbit。with是介词，意为“有，带有，具有”，表示某物带有或具有某种特性。如： I have a coat with four pockets. 我有一件有4个口袋的外套。I want to buy a house with a beautiful g
14、arden. 我想买一座带有一个漂亮花园的房子。My English teacher came in the classroom with an English book in her hand. 我的英语老师手里拿着一本英语书走进教室里。【拓展】with的其他用法如下：意为“用；被”，表示用某种工具做某事。如：He was killed with a knife. 他被一把刀杀了。意为“关于，对于，对来说”。如：Are you pleased with your result. 你对这个结果满意吗？(A3).【知识点再现】It ran past. 它跑了过去。知识点7past是副词，意为“经
15、过；路过”；past 也可作介词，意为“从旁边过去；通过”。passed与past 读音相同，但意思不同，passed 是 pass 的过去式，pass为动词，意为“走过；经过”。如：A white car ran past. 一辆白色的汽车驶过。/ We walked past the library. 我们从图书馆旁边走过。Two months passed and we had no news of Linda. 两个月过去了，我们还没有琳达的消息。(A3).【知识点再现】Alice followed it and fell down a hole in the ground. 爱丽丝跟
16、着它，掉进了地上的一个洞里。知识点8follow为及物动词，意为“跟随；紧跟”。常用搭配为“follow sb. to do sth.”意为“跟随某人做某事”；“follow sb. to+某地”意为“跟随某人去某地”；“follow+宾语或介词短语”。如：Please follow me to read the story. 请跟我读这个故事。I will follow you to the school. 我将跟你去学校。/ Follow me. 跟我来。【拓展】(1) follow作动词，还有其他意思：意为“听从；遵循”。如：I decide to follow her advice.
17、我决定遵循她的建议。意为“领会；听懂”。如：I didnt follow you. Please explain it again. 我不太明白，请再解释一下。意为“沿着走”。如：Follow this road until you get to the bridge. 沿着这条路走，直到你到达那座桥。(2) following作形容词，意为“接着的，下述/面的”。如：Please finish the following exercises by yourselves. 请独立完成下面的练习题。知识点9fall down意为“跌倒，倒下”。fall是不及物动词，意为“下落；跌落”。其过去式和
18、过去分词分别为fell和fallen。fall还可表示气温、价格等的下降。如：A car hit him and he fell down. 一辆车撞了他，接着他就倒下了。You must watch your step so as not to fall down. 你必须留心脚下，才不会跌倒。Between July and August, oil prices fell 0.2 percent. 七八月间，石油的价格下降了0.2%。【拓展】(1)fall用作连系动词时，后接asleep, ill等形容词作表语，意为“进入(某种状态)”。如：Tom fell ill last Sunday
19、. 汤姆上个星期天生病了。/ He fell asleep when he was doing his homework. 他在做作业时睡着了。(2)在美式英语中，fall也可用作名词，意为“秋天，秋季”，相当于autumn。如：Leaves turn yellow in fall. 秋天树叶黄了。(3)与fall有关的常用短语有：fall off跌落，从掉下来；fall into落入中；fall over向前摔倒，跌倒；fall over sb./sth. 被绊倒；fall behind跟不上，落在后面，掉队；fall asleep入睡，睡着；fall in love with爱上，喜爱；f
20、all back 退回，撤退；fall ill生病。He fell over a rock in his path. 他在路上被一块石头绊倒了。One day, Xiao Ming saw a little girl fall over. 有一天，小明看见一位小女孩跌倒了。Be careful or it will fall off the shelf. 小心点，否则东西会从架子上掉下来。The quality of these goods has fallen off since last year. 去年以来，这些货物的质量开始下降。One day, Xiao Ming saw a lit
21、tle girl fall into a river. 有一天，小明看见一位小女孩掉到河里。I dont want to fall behind other students. 我不想落在其他学生的后面。(A3).【知识点再现】It was sitting in a tree and smiling at everyone. 它坐在树上，并朝着每个人微笑。知识点10【辨析】in the tree和on the tree的区别：两者都有“在树上”的意思。in the tree意为“在树上”，不属于树本身的一部分，指外来物。如：There are some birds in the tree. 树
22、上有一些鸟。on the tree意为“在树上”，属于树本身的一部分，指长在树上的东西（如花、果实、树叶等）。如：There are some apples on the apple tree. 苹果树上有一些苹果。知识点11【辨析】smile at，smile to和laugh at的区别：smile at sb. 意思是“对某人微笑”，指友善的笑，表示状态。如：Joanna was smiling at us in a friendly way. 乔安娜在友好地对我们微笑。She suddenly stopped and turned to smile at him. 她忽然停下来，转身对
23、他微笑。smile to sb. 意思是“对某人微笑”，表示动作。如：He always smile to the people around him. 他总是对周围的人微笑。laugh at sb. 意思是“嘲笑某人，笑话某人”。如：Dont laugh at others when they are in trouble. 当别人陷入困境时，不要嘲笑他们。(A3).【知识点再现】Then Alice arrived at the March Hares house. 然后爱丽丝到达了三月兔的房子。知识点12【辨析】arrive，get to和reach的区别：arrive是不及物动词，表示
24、“到达、抵达某地（尤指行程的终点），后常接介词at或in，一般in接大地方（国家、城市），at接小地方（如车站、住所、公园等），若是接地点副词（here, there, home），则不需用介词，属正式用语。如：We arrived in Beijing yesterday. 我们昨天到达北京。They arrived at the station at 8 this morning. 他们今天早晨八点到达车站的。Her mother saw her when she arrived home. 她到家时她妈妈看见了她。reach是及物动词，无须介词，可直接接宾语，和arrive一样，属正式用
25、语。如：They reached Beijing on February 17. 他们于二月十七日到达北京。He had left when I reached the station. 当我到达车站时，他已经离开了。get是不及物动词，用于口语，其后接介词to，后面如接副词（here, there, home），则不用介词to。如：Have we got to the zoo yet? 我们到动物园了吗？/ The visitors got there last night. 参观的人昨晚到那儿的。(A3).【知识点再现】Everyone in Britain knows the story
26、. 英国的每个人都知道这个故事。知识点13everyone是不定代词，意为“人人，大家”，相当于everybody，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Everyone in our class is good at Chinese. 我们班里人人都擅长语文。(A3).【知识点再现】To see if you remember the story! 为了看看你是否记得这个故事！知识点14to see是不定式，在此处作目的状语，意为“为了看看”。如：To catch up with others, he works very hard. 为了赶上别人，他学习非常努力。知识点15句中if是连
27、词，引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，不充当任何成分，放在see, ask, remember, know, wonder等动词的后面，可与whether互换。如：I wonder if/whether it will be clear tomorrow. 我想知道明天是否晴天。【拓展】if 作连词，意为“如果”时，常引导条件状语从句。在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句若是一般将来时，if从句用一般现在时表示将来。如：If he comes, Ill tell him the news. 如果他来了，我会告诉他这个消息。If it rains tomorrow, I wont go swimming. 如果明天下雨，我就不去游泳。
