1、Module 6 Old and NewPeriod 2 Reading and Vocabulary(2)1.date from 起源于,上溯到(某时代)【读一读品味语境】The history of their family dated from 300 years ago.他们家族的历史起源于300年前。The castle dates back to the 14th century.这个城堡建于14世纪。The custom dates back hundreds of years.这一习俗可以追溯到几百年前。【填一填自我归纳】date from.=date back to.意思是“
2、_”。此结构常用于以现在为起点向前推，作谓语时常用一般现在时，没有完成时，也没有进行时，而且不用被动语态。作定语时要用现在分词形式。_和_常跟时间点；而_后常接时间段。追溯到；起源于date fromdate back todate back【记一记知识延伸】注意以下这些常用的没有被动语态形式的动词词组。常用的没有被动语态形式的动词词组有:break out,run out,give out,add up to,take place,turn out(证实,证明是),belong to等。【练一练活学活用】1.The church _ _ _ the 19th century.这座教堂建于19
3、世纪。The teacher told his students the history of public education in the United States _ _ the society of the early pioneers.老师告诉学生们美国的公共教育起源于早期拓荒者的社会。dates back todates from(2015青岛高一检测)The old temple,_ the Tang Dynasty faces the Three Gorges Dam.A.dates fromB.dated backC.dating back D.dating from【解析
4、】选D。句意:始建于唐朝的那座古庙面朝着三峡大坝。date from相当于date back to意为“起源于;追溯到”。dating from在句中作定语,修饰temple。2.accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)【读一读品味语境】The bus is large enough to accommodate 50 passengers.这辆巴士可以容纳50名乘客。This chair accommodates its shape to a persons position.这把椅子的形状能随就座者的姿势而改变。She will accommodate me with the use
5、of her old car.她会把她的旧汽车供我使用的。We will accommodate her sister for a period of two weeks.我们将为她妹妹提供两个星期的住宿。She walked slowly to accommodate herself to his pace.她走得很慢，以便与他保持一致的步伐。【填一填自我归纳】accommodate sth._ sth.使适应accommodate sb.with sth._accommodate sb._ 留某人过夜accommodate _ (使自己)适应于tofor the night帮忙；给某人提供
6、某物(oneself)to.【记一记知识延伸】accommodation n.(常用pl.)住处,膳宿make accommodations for 为提供膳宿【看一看巧学助记】三图演绎accommodate【练一练活学活用】2.Are there enough shelves _ _ all our books?有足够的书架容纳我们所有的书吗?He _ easily _ the changed circumstances.他容易适应变化了的环境。句型转换。Wherever he goes,he can adjust himself to new environment.=Wherever h
7、e goes,he can _ _ _ new environment.to accommodateaccommodatedtoaccommodate himself toWe should _ ourselves _ changing conditions.A.accommodate;toB.accommodate;withC.get;for D.make;for【解析】选A。句意:我们应该使自己适应变化的情况。accommodate oneself to使自己适应于。After the earthquake,the first thing the local government did
8、was to provide _ for the homeless families.A.accommodation B.occupationC.equipment D.furniture【解析】选A。句意:地震之后,当地政府首先做的事情就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。accommodation“住处,容身之处”;occupation“职业,工作;占据”;equipment“设备,装备;素质”;furniture“家具”。根据题干中的关键词the homeless families,可知政府应该为这些无家可归的人提供accommodation“住处,容身之处”。3.hold back 阻止,阻挡
9、【读一读品味语境】They built dykes and dam to hold back the rising flood waters.他们修筑了堤坝来阻挡上涨的洪水。No one can hold back the wheel of history.谁也无法阻止历史的车轮。I think he held something back;he knows more than he admitted.我认为他有所隐瞒，他知道的比他承认的要多。Hearing her daughters success,she could not hold back tears of joy.听到女儿成功了，她
10、不能够抑制喜悦的泪水。She held back,not knowing what to do or say.她犹豫起来,不知该做什么或该说什么。【填一填自我归纳】hold back 除了表示“阻挡；阻止”外，还有“_；_；_”等的意思。隐瞒抑制(情感等)犹豫【记一记知识延伸】hold off 拖延,延期,推迟(=put off)hold on (打电话用语)等一下,不要挂断;坚持hold on to 抓紧，不放开hold out 维持,坚持;伸出hold up 承受住;支撑;举起;延迟,阻碍【练一练活学活用】3.用hold的短语填空。He asked me to _ _ while he l
11、eft the telephone to find a pencil.Jim managed to _ _ his anger and avoid fights.I thought that no one else could _ _ such pain.hold onhold backhold upTell me about itdont _ anything _!A.hold;backB.hold;onC.hold;up D.hold;out【解析】选A。句意:告诉我这件事不要隐瞒任何事情!hold back隐瞒;hold on不要挂断(电话);hold up举起,耽搁;hold out伸
12、出。(2015湖南高考)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but _ thankfully by the shop window.A.am held back B.held backC.hold back D.was held back【解析】选D。考查时态。句意:我有一种强烈的渴望去拿那个玩具玩但幸亏被商店的橱窗阻挡了。分析句子结构以及前面的had得知此处表示过去时态的被动语态。4.remove vt.迁移；搬迁【读一读品味语境】The company has removed from Paris to Londo
13、n.这家公司已从巴黎迁至伦敦。She had to have surgery to remove an obstruction from her throat.为去除咽喉里的堵塞物，她不得不接受手术。He removed the picture and put it in the drawer.他把画取下来，放到抽屉里。They removed him from his position.他们撤销了他的职务。【填一填自我归纳】remove除了表示“迁移；搬迁”外,还有“_、_、_”等意思。_ 从搬迁至去除取下撤销remove from.to.【辨一辨明晰异同】remove强调完全放弃原来的地方
14、而到达新的位置,有时相当于take away/off。remove还有“开除、除去”的含义move强调位置和姿态的改变。表示“迁居”时,两者均可用【看一看巧学助记】remove和move的形象记忆【练一练活学活用】4.Remember not to _ the dishes _ the table before the customers leave.记住，客人离开之前不要从桌子上端走碟子。At least three bullets _ _ from his wounds.从他的伤口至少取出了3颗子弹。Our office has been _ to Shanghai _ Beijing.我
15、们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。removefromwere removedremovedfromHis name _ _ from the list.他的名字从名单上除掉了。We are removing from London to the country.译:_was removed我们正从伦敦迁往乡下。Teenagers shouldnt be _ from school although they dont do well in studies.A.disappearedB.goneC.removed D.beaten【解析】选C。句意:青少年不应该被学校开除,尽管他们学习不好。remo
16、ve sb.from school把某人从学校开除;disappear消失;go去;beat击败。5.It took six years to build and cost US$20 billion.它花费了6年时间建成，耗资200亿美元。【填一填句型剖析】本句包含句型It takes sb.some time to do sth.意为“某人花费若干时间做某事”。_为形式主语，后面的不定式短语_.是真正的主语。此句型除了表示“花费时间干某事”，还可表示“需要某种特殊品质(耐力、努力等)去做某事”。Itto do sthIt took him three hours to finish the
17、 exercises.译:_It _ an hour for the car _ _ here.这辆汽车开了一个小时才到这里。他完成这个练习用了三个小时。tookto come【记一记知识延伸】表示花费金钱做某事可用下列结构:sb.spend(s)some money on sth./in doing sth.；sth.cost(s)sb.some money；sb.pay(s)some money for sth.；sb.buy(s)sth.for some money【练一练活学活用】5.用take/spend/pay/cost的适当形式填空。How long will it _ you
18、to achieve your goal?The boy _ two yuan buying that interesting book.How much would you like to _ for the computer?Careless driving _ the drivers life.The car _ him 15,000.=He _ 15,000 _ the car.=He _15,000 _ the car.这辆车花了他15 000美元。takespentpaycostcostspentpaidonfor【备选要点】1.suggest v.建议【读一读品味语境】They
19、accepted the paper and suggested only one change.他们接受了这篇论文,只提出改动一个地方。I suggested waiting.我建议等候。May I suggest you closing the door?我建议你把门关了好吗?We suggested Ebys doing it in a different way.我们建议伊比换一种方式做。They suggested we should visit a class right away.他们建议我们马上去听课。【填一填自我归纳】suggest _ sth.建议(做)某事suggest
20、_ _ sth.建议某人做某事suggest+that从句_(其后从句的谓语用_)doingsb./ones doingshould+动词原形，should可省略建议【悟一悟参透误区】suggest还有“暗示、表明”的意思。用作此意时，后面的从句用陈述语气。Her expression suggested that she did well in the exam.(suggest意思是表明)她的表情表明她在考试中做得不错。【练一练活学活用】1.用所给动词的适当形式填空。I suggested _ off the discussion.(put)The teacher suggests tha
21、t we _ English more and more.(read)putting(should)read(2014安徽高考)Why not buy a secondhand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one?Thats a good _.A.sayingB.questionC.suggestion D.account【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你没有足够的钱买新的,为什么不先买一辆二手车呢?那是一个好建议。suggestion建议;saying谚语;question问题;account账目,账户,描述。
22、(2013陕西高考)My mom suggests that we _ eat out for a change this weekend.A.should B.mightC.couldD.would【解析】选A。考查虚拟语气。句意:妈妈建议我们这周末换换口味出去吃饭。suggest如果意为“建议”的话,后跟的从句要用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用“(should+)do”的形式,故选A。2.how far 多远【读一读品味语境】How far is the Great Wall of China from where you live?中国长城离你住的地方有多远？How long have you
23、 lived around here?你住在这一带有多长时间了？How soon will my mail be received by the other end?我的信件多快能被对方收到?How often do you brush your teeth?你多久刷一次牙？【填一填自我归纳】_ 是对距离的提问，意思是“多远”。_是对时间和长度的提问,意思是“多久，多长”。_是对将来时间段的提问，意思是“再过多久”。_是对频率的提问，意思是“多久一次”。how farhow longhow soonhow often【练一练活学活用】2.用how far/how long/how soon/h
24、ow often 填空。I wonder _ we have walked till now.Im feeling very tired._ can you finish the report?Im waiting to use it._ do you go to the movies?_ will it take us to get to the nearest hotel?how farHow soonHow oftenHow long _ is it from your home to our school?Its two kilometers.A.How longB.How farC.
25、What long D.What size【解析】选B。句意:从你家到我们学校有多远?两千米。how long指“有多长”;how far指“距离有多远”;what size指“面积或型号”,故选B。3.generate vt.发(电)；产生；引起【读一读品味语境】体会黑体部分的含义。The flowing water is used to drive turbines,which generate electricity.流水被用来驱动涡轮机来_。This new boiler generates more heat than the old one.这个新锅炉_的热量比旧锅炉多。This
26、book will continue to generate excitement for a long time.这本书将在很长一段时间里继续_读者的兴奋。发电产生引起【记一记知识延伸】generation n.产生；(统称)一代人，同代人generative adj.能产生的；有生产力的generator n.发电机【练一练活学活用】3.It would be better if the sea water is used to _ _.如果海水能被用来发电，那该多好。The report _ _ a lot of public interest in the poor trafficof
27、 Beijing.这篇报道已经引起了人们对北京糟糕的交通状况的广泛关注。generate electricityhas generatedMany reports on television have helped to _ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.A.ariseB.liftC.generateD.make【解析】选C。句意:很多电视报道激起了人们对各种各样的体育活动的兴趣。generate意为“引起”,符合句意。arise(问题等)产生;lift举起;make制造。4.dream of 梦想着【读一读品味语境】H
28、ave you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert?你曾经梦想过自己在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演出吗？He dreamed about travelling all over the world.他梦想周游世界。I dreamed a very strange dream last night in which I got lost in a forest and was chased by a frightening beast.昨天晚上我做了个非常奇怪的梦，在梦里我迷失在森林中，并且被吓
29、人的野兽追赶。I never dreamt that Id actually get the job.我做梦也没想到真的会得到这份工作。Her wish to be a doctor has come true.她想做一个医生的愿望实现了。【填一填自我归纳】dream n.&vt._ 梦想某事/做某事_ a(n).dream 做一个的梦dream that._a dream _ 梦想实现做梦；梦见；梦想dream of/about sth./doing sth.dream梦见；渴望comes true【练一练活学活用】4.那个孩子一心想当一名飞行员。(一句多译)The boy dreams _
30、 _ a pilot.=The boy dreams that he _ _ a pilot.of/about becomingwill becomeTom has always dreamed _ coming to China,and now the dream has come _.A.about;realB.of;trueC.out;truth D.from;truly【解析】选B。句意:汤姆一直梦想来中国,现在梦想实现了。dream of about doing sth.表示“梦想做某事”;come true表示“实现”。(2013福建高考)The“Chinese Dream”is
31、_ dream to improve peoples wellbeing and _ dream of harmony,peace and development.A.the;a B.a;aC.a;theD.the;the【解析】选B。句意:“中国梦”是一个提升人民幸福感的梦想,也是一个和谐、和平以及发展的梦想。根据题意可知此句把“中国梦”诠释为“一个的梦想”,而不是特指哪一个梦想,因此两个空都须用不定冠词a。5.provide.for.为提供【读一读品味语境】On Sundays his landlady provided dinner as well as breakfast for te
32、nants.星期天,他的女房东不但供给房客早餐,还供给晚餐。Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing.不管怎样，她设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。He offered me some tickets(=offered some tickets to me).他给了我几张票。The school supplies books to the children(=supplies the children with books).学校为儿童提供书本。【填一填自我归纳】provide sb.with sth.=_
33、 向某人提供某物offer sb.sth.=_提供某物给某人supply sb.with sth.=_ 向某人提供某物provide sth.for sb.offer sth.to sb.supply sth.to sb.【练一练活学活用】5.该宾馆为客人提供擦鞋服务。(一句多译)The hotel _ a shoe-cleaning service _ guests.The hotel _ guests a shoe-cleaning service.The hotel _ a shoe-cleaning service _ guests.providesoffersforsuppliest
34、o(2015泉州高一检测)He created a foundation(基金会)to _ poor children _ not only soccer balls but also a promising future.A.provide;withB.offer;withC.supply;to D.give;to【解析】选A。句意:他建立了一个基金会,不但提供给贫穷的孩子们足球还提供了一个有希望的未来。表示提供给某人某物的表达方式:provide sb.with sth.;offer sb.sth.;supply sb.with sth.和give sb.sth.。6.narrow adj
35、.狭窄的【读一读品味语境】The bridge is too narrow for two cars to pass.这桥太窄,并排通不过两辆车。She won the champion by a narrow margin.她以微弱优势赢得冠军。She had a narrow escape when her car skidded on the ice.当车在冰上打滑时，她幸免于难。The wide track narrows before crossing another stream.宽宽的小径在穿过另一条小溪前逐渐变窄。In the bright sunlight she had t
36、o narrow her eyes.在强烈的阳光下她必须眯着双眼。【填一填自我归纳】narrow除了作形容词，表示“狭窄的”外，还有“_”等意思，也可作动词，表示“_、_”。_ 幸免于难，九死一生变窄眯眼微弱的have a narrow escape【记一记知识延伸】与“原因”相关的其他句型narrow-minded adj.小心眼的；气量小的a narrow victory/majority 险胜/微弱的多数narrowly adv.仅仅，勉强地【练一练活学活用】6.The child _ _ _ _ from the fire.这个孩子从火灾中死里逃生。The boy _ escaped
37、drowning at the age of four.那个男孩在四岁时差一点溺死。He has _ _ _.他心胸狭窄。had a narrow escapenarrowlya narrow mind(2012天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more to _ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.A.openB.narrowC.widenD.leave【解析】选B。句意:父母和孩子应该多交流,以缩小他们之间的隔阂,以便他们能更好地相互理解
38、。open敞开;narrow缩小,使变窄;widen变宽;leave留下。根据句意选B。Peter survived in the accident when he fell overboard yesterday.He _ escaped drowning.A.nearlyB.slightlyC.narrowlyD.hardly【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:彼得在昨天的溺水事故中幸存了下来。他差一点就淹死了。nearly几乎;slightly稍微地;narrowly仅仅,勉强地;hardly几乎不。根据前半句的语境知道他“幸存了下来”,所以后面应该表示“勉强”逃脱。e true 实现
39、【读一读品味语境】Now his dream has come true.现在他的梦想变成了现实。His ambition of becoming a teacher has finally come true.他终于实现了当老师的抱负。His dream of going abroad was finally realized.他出国的梦想终于实现了。【辨一辨明晰异同】_“(希望、理想、梦想等)实现,达到,变成真的”,为不及物动词短语,没有被动语态。come为系动词,后跟形容词作表语_“实现”,为及物动词,后面需要跟表示事物的名词作宾语,可以用于被动come truerealize【悟一悟参
40、透误区】come true,come out,come about,come up，come into being等come短语都不能用被动形式。【练一练活学活用】7.我们的希望将要实现。(一句多译)Our hopes will _ _.We will _ our hopes.Our hopes will _ _.come truerealizebe realizedHe wants to be a great painter some day.His dream will _ sooner or later.A.come trueB.realizeC.come out D.publish【解
41、析】选A。句意:他想在将来某一天成为一名著名画家。他的梦想迟早会实现的。come true实现,为不及物动词短语;realize实现,为及物动词;come out出版,为不及物动词短语;publish出版,为及物动词。8.Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged？既然那些遗址已经被淹没了，还有看到它们的可能吗？【填一填句型剖析】(1)该句式是一个it作形式主语，_作真正主语的句子。(2)表示“可能”的三个常用形容词likely，possible和probable分别用于下列几种不同的句型:It is l
42、ikely/possible/probable+that从句;Its likely/possible+to do/be.;Sb./Sth.is likely+to do/be.It is possible for sb.to do sth.不定式He thought it was _ that she would come back that day.他认为她那天有可能回来。Its _ to break with old habits.改掉老习惯是可能的。She is very _ to ring me tonight.她今晚很可能给我打电话。likely/possible/probablep
43、ossible/likelylikely【看一看巧学助记】不同程度的“可能”8.选词填空(likely/possible/probable)。It is _ that we will make mistakes when we learn English.We are _ to make mistakes when learning English.It is _ for us to make mistakes when learning English.probable/likely/possiblelikelypossible(2015潍坊高一检测)He kept thinking of
44、the question whether it was _ for his father to change the habit of a lifetime in such a short time.A.possiblyB.probableC.likely D.possible【解析】选D。句意:他一直在思考这个问题:他的父亲是否有可能在如此短的时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。分析句子结构可知,空格处应为形容词,故首先排除A项。C项likely用于it is likely that从句或sb./sth.be likely to do sth.结构,但不用于it is likely for sb.t
45、o do sth.;probable只用于It is probable+that-clause。从语境分析,他认为父亲改变习惯的可能性很小,故选possible,在语境和结构上都正确。9.It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has cost more than any other construction project in history.它是世界上最大的水力发电站和大坝,造价超过历史上的任何一项其他工程。【填一填句型剖析】本句是一个由and 连接的并列句。其中第二个分句中more
46、than any other construction 是比较级表示最高级的用法。any other+单数名词比较级+than+all the other+复数名词anyone else/any of the other+复数名词the rest of+复数名词或不可数名词The Yangtze River is longer than _ _ _ in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than _ _ _ _ _ in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than _ _ _ _ in China.=The Yangtz
47、e River is _ _ _ in China.长江是中国最长的河流。any other riverany of the other riversall the other riversthe longest river【悟一悟参透误区】若比较双方属于同一类别或同一范围内，即表示“同一范围内的一者比其他的更”时必须把自身排除在外，也就是要用other或else。若比较双方不属于同一类别或同一范围，即表示“不同范围内的一者比其他的任何一者都”，就不用other或else。例如:He runs faster than any girl in his class.他比他班里任何女孩跑得都快。(他
48、与女孩不属于同一范围)【练一练活学活用】9.He is _ _ _ _ student in the class.他比这个班的其他学生都聪明。Jack runs faster _ _ _ _ _ boys in his class.杰克是他班上跑得最快的男生。He did the job _ _ the other persons in the group.他做这工作是小组里做得最好的。cleverer than any otherthan any of the otherbetter thanChina is larger than _ in Asia and also larger than _ in Europe.A.any country;any countryB.any country;any other countryC.any other country;any countryD.any other country;any other country【解析】选C。句意:中国比亚洲其他任何一个国家都大,也比欧洲的任何一个国家大。因为中国属于亚洲,所以要把自身排除在外,也就是说不和自身比较,所以要用other把自身排除,这样第一个空排除A项和B项;而因为中国不属于欧洲,所以第二个空不用加other,排除D项。
