1、必修4Unit 1Women of achievement 真题在线(2013 安徽高考) 假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“On the Way to School”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容主要包括：1遵守交通法规；2注意举止文明。注意：1.词数120左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；4短文的题目已为你拟好，不计入总词数。_佳作欣赏On the Way to SchoolThese days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon, causin
2、g serious harm to life and the environment.Changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.As for me, it should start on my way to school.I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.If I ride a bike, Ill always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic
3、 light turns green.If I walk，Ill never forget to use the pedestrian crossing.Meanwhile, I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere，I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my behav
4、iour will make a difference.精彩采撷高级词汇记住下列词汇的用法1cause harm to造成危害2as for至于，就方面说来3keep. in mind 牢记4keep to the right靠右骑行5regard.as.认为是6clean up打扫7make a difference有影响；起(重要)作用佳句背诵背诵下列句子，并体会与佳作欣赏中相对应句子的差异In order to change this situation, everyone needs to make an effort.As far as Im concerned, I start f
5、rom the little things right under our noses every day, such as on my way to school.At the same time, I will consider it as my duty to keep our environment clean and healthy.In a word, I hope my behaviour will have a big effect.(对应学生用书第100页)单词速览 1.campaignn运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动2shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线3wo
6、rthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的4crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤5support n& vt. 支持；拥护6project n. 项目；工程；规划7deliver vt. 递送；生(小孩儿)；接生；发表(演说等)8outspoken adj. 坦率的，直言不讳的9achievement n. 成就；功绩achieve vt. 完成；达到10behave vt.& vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现behaviour n. 行为；举止；习性11observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守observation n. 观察；观测12respect vt.& n. 尊敬；尊
7、重；敬意respectable adj. 体面的；值得尊敬的respectful adj. 尊敬的 13argue vt.& vi. 讨论；辩论；争论argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵14intend vt. 计划；打算intention n. 打算15connection n. 连接；关系connect vt. 连接16inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示inspired adj. 受鼓舞的；被激励的inspiring adj. 鼓舞人的17considerate adj. 考虑周到的consideration n. 考虑；体谅18refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参与【看单词，学构
8、词】在8.outspoken一词中，out为前缀，表示“超越，超过，在外面，向外，离开”等意思。含有该前缀的课标词汇还有：outdoor户外的；outgoing外向的；outline轮廓；output产量，输出量；outside在外面，在室外；outstanding杰出的，突出的。短语快译1move_off离开；起程；出发2lead_a.life 过着的生活3look_down_upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起4refer_to 查阅；参考；谈到5by_chance 碰巧；凑巧6come_across (偶然)遇见；碰见7carry_on 继续；坚持8crowd_in (想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌
9、入脑海9devote.to. 献身于；专心于10care_for 关心；照顾；喜欢句式构建1while引导时间状语从句，意为“在期间；当时候”Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while_the_family_begins_to_wake_up_and_move_off当黑猩猩睡醒准备离开的时候，大家坐在树荫下等着。2“only状语从句”位于句首，句子用倒装Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was_she_allowed to beg
10、in her project.她的母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。3it hit(s) sb.从句.某人突然想起Suddenly it_hit_me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难。4once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦就”Once_I_stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就
11、会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。5Why not动词原形Why_not_study_at_medical_college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work？为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她高尚的事业呢？(对应学生用书第102页)1observe vt.观察；观测；遵守；庆祝(教材P2)She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花了多年时间来观察并记录黑猩猩的日常活动。【一词多义】写出下列句子中observe的含义Chinese people observe
12、Spring Festival in the same way that western people observe Christmas Day.庆祝I felt he was observing everything I did.观察In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully，researchers observed a surprising behaviour.注意到Everyone should observe the rules and regulations.遵守observe sb. do sth.观察某人做某事(全过程)obser
13、ve sb. doing sth.观察某人正在做某事observe that.发现/观察(朗文P1346)Ben knew that someone had observed him meeting Ryan.本知道有人看到他和瑞安见面了。The police observed that the driver did not observe the traffic rules.警察注意到那位司机没有遵守交通规则。His neighbours observed_a_stranger_go_into his house.他的邻居看到一个陌生人进入他家。【温馨提示】observe sb. do st
14、h.在变成被动语态时，应添加省掉的不定式符号“to”。2argue vt.& vi.讨论；辩论；争论(教材P2)She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她主张野生动物应该留在野外生活，而不该用于娱乐和广告。(1)argue for.为而争论，为而辩护argue against.争辩/反对argue with sb. on/about/over sth.与某人争论某事argue sb. into/out of doing
15、 sth.说服某人做/不做某事argue that.主张，认为(2)argument n议论，争论；论据have an argument with sb. about/over sth.与某人对某事进行争论(朗文P91)They were arguing about how to spend the money.他们在为这钱怎么花而争吵。Its no use arguing_with him over the matter.就这件事与他争论没有用。I argued_her_out_of_going on such a dangerous journey.我说服她不去做这样危险的旅行。3inte
16、nd vt.计划；打算(教材P6)I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.我细细地看了这篇文章，了解到那是为农村妇女写的。(1)intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事intend that.(should) do sth.打算/主张had intended to do sth./intended to have done sth.本来打算做某事(2)be intended
17、to do sth./for sth.为打算(或设计)的(2013辽宁高考阅读填句)Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.许多时候伤害你的那个人不打算道歉。The chair was intended for you，but she took it away.那椅子原来是给你准备的，可是给她拿走了。I had_intended_to catch the early train，but I didnt get up in time.我本来打算赶早班的火车，但没及时起床。I intend_you_to tak
18、e over the company.我打算让你来接管这个公司。4deliver vt.递送；接生(小孩儿)；发表(演说)等(教材P6)There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi，tired after a days work，went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.数不胜数的故事讲述着林巧稚如何在劳累一天之后，又在深夜去为贫困家庭的产妇接生，而这些家庭常常是不可能给她报酬的。【一词多义】写出下列句子中deliver的含义A pos
19、tman is a man employed to deliver letters and parcels.投递Mr.Sandy decided to postpone delivering a lecture.发表In her 40 years of practice，the doctor delivered many babies.接生(小孩)deliver sth.(to sb.)递送/传送某物(给某人)deliver a speech发表演说deliver sb./sth.(over)to sb.把移交给某人be delivered of a babygive birth to a b
20、aby生孩子(朗文P496)Could you deliver this letter to the accounts department?你能把这封信送到会计部吗？She was_delivered_of a healthy baby last night.昨天晚上，她生下了一个健康的宝宝。5respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n尊敬；尊重；重视；(pl.)敬意；问候；方面I deeply respect him for his courage.我深深敬佩他的勇气。The students showed great respect for their history teacher.学生们非
21、常尊重他们的历史老师。1refer to提到；说到；参考；查阅(教材P5)If the word group refers to different members，use a plural verb.如果group指不同的成员，谓语动词用复数。【一词多义】写出下列句中refer to的含义The book referred to the details of the case.提到If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.查阅When giving the lecture，he
22、 referred to his note from time to time.参考(1)refer to.as.把称作refer.to.把提交给(以求获得帮助)(2)reference n言及；提及；参考；查阅in/with reference to关于The scientist referred_to_the_discovery_as the most exciting new development in this field.这位科学家把这一发现称作是这个领域中最令人兴奋的新发展。You should refer_this_matter_to our teacher for a dec
23、ision.你应该把这件事交给我们的老师作决定。2carry on继续；经营；进行(生意、谈话等)(教材P6)Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院，继续她高尚的事业呢？carry on继续做某事carry off赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)carry out实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)carry through渡过(难关等)；维持；持续；完成No matter what we do，we must carry out our duties.
24、无论干什么工作，我们都应履行自己的职责。(朗文P267)We all carried on singing as if nothing was happening.我们继续唱歌，就像什么也没发生似的。His strong determination carried_him_through his illness.他坚强的意志使他渡过了生病的难关。1(教材P2)Once I stop，it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.我一旦停下来，所有的一切都会涌上心头，我就会想起实验室里的黑猩猩。句法分析：on
25、ce conj.“一就；一旦就”，常用现在时来表示将要发生的动作。如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时，或从句为“it be.”形式时，从句中的“主语be”或“it be”可以省略。The water is fine once youre in!你一旦下了水，就会觉得水里挺舒适的。Once I make a decision，there will be no going back.我一经决定，不再回头。Once_begun，it is hard to give it up.一旦开始，很难放弃。2(教材P6)Suddenly it_hit_me
26、 how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.我突然想起在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难。句法分析：本句中it hit me.是一个习惯用语，意为“我突然想到(起)”。hit意为“使突然想到；偶然发现，找到”。It occurs to sb. that.(某人)突然想到It strikes sb. that.(某人)突然想到It hit/occurred to/struck him that he should give her a hand in time.他突然想到他应该及时给她帮助。It
27、didnt hit/occur_to/strike him that she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。.单词拼写1She was _(接生)of a boy weighing 3 kilogrammes.2We should care for the young and _(尊重)the elderly.3An _(争论)is a strong verbal disagreement between people.4What do you _(打算)to do when you have finished your studies i
28、n the UK?5As a child，he liked to _(观察)the behavior of insects.【答案】1.delivered2.respect3.argument4intend5.observe.选词填空refer to；care for；by chance；carry on；move off；look down upon1She moved back home _ her elderly parents.2The professor _ his notebook now and then when delivering the speech.3Max has _
29、 come up with the answer to the problem.4They managed to _ their experiments in spite of the difficulties.5The car stood at the traffic lights for a minute，then _【答案】1.to care for2.referred to3.by chance4.carry on5.moved off.完成句子1我突然想到了我应该向老师求助。Suddenly _ I should turn to my teacher for help.2一旦出版，这
30、部小说就会非常畅销。_，the novel will be very popular.3为什么不养成锻炼身体的习惯来保持身体健康？_ form the habit of exercising to keep fit?【答案】1.it hit/occurred to/struck me that2Once (it is) published3.Why not(对应学生用书第105页)主谓一致用所给动词的适当形式填空1The plan was not wonderful；it was Tom as well as I who _(be) responsible for it.【答案】was2The
31、 first five of the ten questions on the test paper were very difficult，but the rest _(be) easy.【答案】were3Doing half an hour morning exercise _(be) her habit in the morning every day.【答案】is4Hey！Here is a message on my cellphone，telling me to send money to.Delete it！Its a trick.Many a person _(cheat) b
32、y such tricks.【答案】has been cheated5Nobody but doctors，nurses or those invited by Dr.Hu _(allow) to enter the patients room.【答案】is allowed6The quickest means of travel _(be)by plane.【答案】is7One and a half apples _(seem) a good meal to me.【答案】seems8What I bought _(be) three English books.【答案】were话题(十六)
33、个人情况汉斯的一生【写作素材】提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。1汉斯是一个有成就的人。他的一生都奉献给了无家可归的儿童，他的行为赢得了所有人的尊重。_2汉斯被邀请在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲。_3汉斯说：“照顾孩子是平凡的工作，但是不要瞧不起平凡的工作。一旦开始做一件事情，你就必须坚持下去，否则你将一事无成。只有当你60岁回首往事时，你才会意识到你是否已经全力以赴，也只有当你能够说你已经全力以赴时，你才会对你的一生感到满足。”_【连句成篇】可选用but，otherwise，recently，only when.等将以上句子连成一篇短文_【参考范文】Hans is a man of great
34、achievements.He has devoted all his life to homeless children and his behaviour has won respect of all.Recently，Hans was asked to deliver a speech on the graduation in Harvard University.He said，“Caring for children is an ordinary job，but dont look down upon ordinary jobs.Once you begin to do someth
35、ing，you must keep on with it，otherwise you will never achieve anything.Only when you are sixty and looking back your life will you realize whether you have done your best.And only when you can say you have tried your best will you be content with your life.”课后限时自测(十六)(对应学生用书第365页)(建议用时：30分钟).语法填空Six
36、tysix percent of 15to 25yearolds in China say they are happy，according to a survey of global youth happiness _1_(conduct) in 14 countries.The survey shows young people worldwide are_2_(happy) when they are on vacation，being challenged，or achieving something.The youth in the US, for example, said_3_w
37、ere happiest between 8 and 10 pm on Saturdays in July，_4_enjoying good music or spending time with friends and family.According to study author Joeri Van den Bergh, young people dont just want to impress their friends.Todays youth want to accomplish something in life，_5_this means big accomplishment
38、s like doing well in an important exam or finding a good job, or small things like making_6_delicious dinner.The survey also shows higher happiness in developing countriesBrazil, India and China all ranked_7_(high)Young people in these countries might realize they are better off than their parents i
39、n the improving economic environment.However, Christine Carter, sociologist and happiness expert at the University of California, Berkeley, _8_(note) that many young people still do not feel happy because they are_9_so much pressure to achieve.Carter said research shows people of all ages and cultur
40、es link happiness_10_a sense of gratitude, generosity，compassion and social ties.【语篇解读】调查显示：年轻人的幸福感大都来源于休闲、挑战和成功。1conducted考查非谓语动词。conduct意为“进行；实施”。conduct与survey之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作后置定语。2happiest考查形容词的级。从空后列举的内容可知，此处表示年轻人在度假，被挑战以及达成某事时最幸福。根据第3空后的happiest也可知答案。3they考查代词。they指代The youth“年轻人”。The yout
41、h为集体名词，表示复数概念。4when考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为时间状语从句，故用when。5whether考查连词。此处表示当今的年轻人想要在生命中达到一些成就，无论是一些大成就，如在一次重要的考试中取得好成绩或找到一份好工作，还是一些小成就，如做一顿美味的晚餐。根据句意可知，此处应用whether引导状语从句。6a考查冠词。a delicious dinner在这里泛指“一顿美味的晚餐”，所以用不定冠词。7highly考查副词。空前的ranked为动词，修饰动词应用副词，故用highly。8noted考查动词的时态。根据最后一段中的“Carter said”可知，这两段都是关于
42、Carter曾经所说的话，所以用一般过去时。9under考查介词。under pressure为固定搭配，意思为“承受着压力”，符合语境。10to/with考查介词。link.to/with.为固定搭配，意思为“把与联系起来”，符合语境。.完形填空Years ago a professor gave a group of graduate students this assignment：Go to the slums(贫民窟)Take 200 boys between the ages of 12 and 16 investigate their _1_ and environment an
43、d then _2_ their chances for the future.The students，after _3_ social statistics，talking to the boys and compiling(汇编)much data _4_ that 90 percent of the boys would spend some time in _5_Twentyfive years later another group of graduate students were given the job of _6_ the previous prediction.They
44、 went back to the _7_ area.Some of the boysnow _8_were still there，a few had died and some has moved away.But they managed to _9_ 180 of the original 200.They found that only four of the boys had ever been sent to prison.Why was it that these men，who had lived in a breeding place of _10_，had such su
45、rprisingly _11_ record？The researchers were _12_ told.“Well，there was a _13_”They pressed _14_ and found that in 78 percent of the _15_ it was the same woman.The researchers went to the teacher，now living in a home for _16_ teachers.How had she had this remarkable _17_ on that group of children？Coul
46、d she give them any reason why these boys _18_ her？“No，”she said，“I really couldnt.”And then，_19_ over the years，she said musingly(沉思地)，more to herself than to her questioners，“I _20_ these boys.”The researchers finally realized that it was the teachers care that made a difference.1A.safetyBnational
47、itiesChealth Dbackgrounds【解析】background“背景”与后面environment“环境”并列。【答案】D2A.advise BincreaseCpredict Dcheck【解析】由下面“for the future”知用predict“预测”。【答案】C3A.consulting BpreparingCoffering Dshowing【解析】consult“查阅”，与后面social statistics搭配。【答案】A4A.discussed BconcludedCintroduced Dexpected【解析】conclude“得出结论”。【答案】B5
48、A.business BschoolChospital Dprison【解析】由下一段中“.only four of the boys had ever been sent to prison”可知选D项。【答案】D6A.testing BexplainingCfinding Dmaking【解析】test“检测，验证”。【答案】A7A.special BsameConly Dlonely【解析】既然是验证先前的预测，自然是去“同一个”地区。【答案】B8A.workers BteenagersCmen Dstudents【解析】原先的“男孩子”现在已成为大人。【答案】C9A.record Bf
49、indCknow Dtrace【解析】find“找到”。调查小组设法找到了原先200人中的180人。【答案】B10A.disease BmagicCdisaster Dcrime【解析】crime“犯罪”。【答案】D11A.reliable BgoodCdetailed Dbad【解析】生活在一个犯罪滋生的地方，却有如此令人吃惊的好结果。【答案】B12A.normally BgraduallyCcontinually Dnearly【解析】调查者们“不断地”(continually)被告知是因为有一位好老师。【答案】C13A.teacher BdoctorCdirector Dfriend【解
50、析】由下文知。【答案】A14A.too BinsteadCalready Dfurther【解析】further“深入地”。【答案】D15A.cases BmannersCstates Dways【解析】cases“案例，事例”。【答案】A16A.determined BwellknownCretired Dskilled【解析】过去了25年，这位老师已经退休(retired)。【答案】C17A.technique BinfluenceCcourage Dadvantage【解析】have influence on“对有影响”。【答案】B18A.remembered BrewardedCtre
51、ated Dfrightened【解析】为什么这么多人记住(remember)了这位老师？【答案】A19A.looking around Bgoing onCworking out Dthinking back【解析】think back“回想”。【答案】D20A.persuaded BremindedCloved Dtaught【解析】由下句中care可知表示“我爱这些孩子”。【答案】C.阅读理解Every person has its own way of saying things，and its their own special expressions.Many everyday A
52、merican expressions are based on colors.Red is a hot color.Americans often use it to express heat.They may say they are red hot about something unfair.When they are red hot they are very angry about something.The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods are called red hots for their col
53、or and their fiery taste.Fast loud music is popular with many people.They may say the music is red hot，especially the kind called Dixieland jazz.Pink is a lighter kind of red.People sometimes say they are in the pink when they are in good health.The expression was first used in America at the beginn
54、ing of the twentieth century.It probably comes from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color that shows that they are in good health.Blue is a cool color.The traditional blues music in the United States is the opposite of red hot music.Blues is slow，sad and soulful.Duke Ellington an
55、d his orchestra recorded a famous songMood Indigoabout the deep blue color，indigo.In the words of the song：“You arent been blue till youve had that Mood Indigo.”Someone who is blue is very sad.The color green is natural for trees and grass.But it is an unnatural color for humans.A person who has a s
56、ick feeling stomach may say she feels a little green.A passenger on a boat who is feeling very sick from high waves may look very green.Sometimes a person may be upset because he does not have something as nice as a friends has，like a fast new car.That person may say he is green with envy.Some peopl
57、e are green with envy because a friend has more dollars or greenbacks.Dollars are called greenbacks because that is the color of the back side of the paper money.The color black is used often in expressions.People describe a day in which everything goes wrong as a black day.The date of a major trage
58、dy is remembered as a black day.A blacklist is illegal now.But at one time，some businesses refused to employ people who were on a blacklist for belonging to unpopular organizations.1Whats the passage mainly talked about?ASome American expressions based on colors.BColors used in American daily life.C
59、Different feelings based on different colors.DDifferent functions about various colors.【解析】主旨大意题。第一段总括全文中心意思，可归纳为A项。【答案】A2“In the pink” means “in good health” because _Athe face of healthy people is pinkBpink is a lighter kind of red，which stands for bloodCthe newlyborn babies are all healthyDmany b
60、abies are born with a nice pink color【解析】细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话知选D项。【答案】D3A person earns a good fame as well as lots of money，so his competitor will probably say _AIm red hot about him BIm in the pinkCIm green with envy DI have a black day【解析】细节理解题。倒数第二段倒数二、三句话点明答案。【答案】C4According to the passage，which of the following can replace the underlined word？If someone drove after he drank some alcohol，he would get in his blacklistAillegal recordBwrong activityCevil thoughtDunpopular organization【解析】词义理解题。由最后一段中“A blacklist is illegal now”可知A项正确。【答案】A
