1、广东省深圳市2020届高三英语二模考试试题（含解析）试卷共8页，卷面满分120分，折算成135分计入总分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答遇卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位罝。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答四卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的费答题区域均无效。4. 考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分
2、40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALife under lockdown is strange and lonely but people are finding ways to come together and support those in need by volunteering. Here are just a few more ways you can take part in.NHS RespondersAfter asking retired medical prof
3、essionals to return to work, the government has also put out a call for 250,000 volunteers to support the NHS (National Health System). You can apply to be a community response volunteer, collecting and delivering supplies for those in isolation; a patient transport volunteer, helping patients who a
4、re dismissed from hospital get home and settled; and an NHS transport volunteer, to assist with delivery of medical supplies.GAILS BakeryAs well as baking breads and pastries for the general public, GAJLs is supplying front-line NHS teams with fresh food, and they need more help to get it where it n
5、eeds to be. If you want to lend a hand, drop them an email.Re-engageRe-engage is a voluntary group that helps reduce loneliness among old people and given that so many people are isolated because of the virus outbreak, they need more volunteers to become call companions. If you want to join them in
6、the telephone befriending service, contact them at 18112256.A Plate For LondonThis online platform helps match volunteers with Londoners in need . Now they are focusing on doorstep deliveries of food parcels and hot meals to children who rely on free school meals and those who have lost their jobs a
7、s a result of the widespread disease.1. What is the duty of a patient transport volunteer?A. Picking up patients.B. Sending patients home.C. Moving patients to clinics.D. Delivering supplies for patients.2. Which volunteer group especially cares for the senior?A. NHS Responders.B. GAILs Bakery.C. Re
8、-engage.D. A Plate For London.3. Who may be offered food by the online platform?A. The aged.B. The volunteers.C. The patients.D. The unemployed.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。疫情下的隔离的生活是陌生和孤独的，但人们正在通过志愿活动找到方法团结起来，支持那些需要帮助的人。文章主要介绍了四个可以加入的志愿团体。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NHS Responders 部分中You can apply to be a commu
9、nity response volunteer, collecting and delivering supplies for those in isolation; a patient transport volunteer, helping patients who are dismissed from hospital get home and settled; and an NHS transport volunteer, to assist with delivery of medical supplies.可知你可以申请成为一名社区响应志愿者，为那些处于隔离状态的人收集和运送物资；
10、接送病人志愿者，帮助从医院出院的病人回家；和一名NHS运输志愿者，帮助运送医疗用品。由此可知，病人运输志愿者的职责是送病人回家。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Re-engage 部分中Re-engage is a voluntary group that helps reduce loneliness among old people and given that so many people are isolated because of the virus outbreak, they need more volunteers to become call companions.可知
11、“Re-engage”是一个志愿组织，旨在帮助减少老年人的孤独感，鉴于很多人因为病毒的爆发而被孤立，他们需要更多的志愿者成为陪护。由此可知，Re-engage 志愿者团体特别关心老人。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据A Plate For London部分中This online platform helps match volunteers with Londoners in need. Now they are focusing on doorstep deliveries of food parcels and hot meals to children who rely on fr
12、ee school meals and those who have lost their jobs as a result of the widespread disease.可知这个在线平台帮助志愿者和有需要的伦敦人配对。现在，他们的工作重点是将食品包裹和热饭送到靠免费校餐为生的儿童和因疫情蔓延而失去工作的人手中。由此可知，这个在线平台也为失业者提供食物。故选D。BSchool is still out for the summer, but at Eastern Senior High School,students are hard at work.In a garden bursti
13、ng with vegetables and herbs, nearly a dozen teenagers are harvesting them for the weekends farmers market. They work Tuesday through Saturday with City Blossoms, a non-profit that brings community gardens to schools and other places where kids gather in urban areas.Roshawn Little, going into her ju
14、nior year at Eastern, believes that working in the garden has taught her to try all sorts of new thingslike eating different kinds of vegetables more often. And she has taken those healthy behaviors home with her and her family now buy more fruits and vegetables.“We mainly live around liquor（酒）store
15、s and snack stores. There arent that many grocery stores. Theyre way out, and you have to drive so far”a common problem in low-income urban areas.City Blossoms is one of many groups across the country teaming up with local communities to establish school gardens, like the one at Eastern. These garde
16、ns, advocates say, are really outdoor classrooms where kids learn valuable lessons not just about nutrition, but also about science and math, even business skills. For example, the gardens can be used for math lessonslike calculating the area of a plant bedor learning the science of how plants grow.
17、On a recent weekend at the Aya farmers market, the kids work at a table decorated with handmade signs that read “onions” and “garlic”, inviting people to try their herbed salt with bread. Working at the market helps them practice public speaking skills and business skills.Nadine Joyner of a nutritio
18、n education company has a food table next to the kids at the market and often buys produce from them. She is constantly impressed by the kids knowledge of what theyre sellingthey know how to grow it, how to prepare it, and how to cook it4. What do students at Eastern do with the harvested vegetables
19、?A. Sell them on market .B. Take them to school.C. Give them to farmers.D. Share them at home.5. What can we infer about the area Little lives in?A. It is inconvenient in traffic.B. It is crowded with grocery stores.C. It has poor access to fresh foods.D. It suffers from income inequality.6. Why doe
20、s City Blossoms establish school gardens?A. To provide nutritious food.B. To improve classroom conditions.C. To cooperate with local community.D. To create outdoor learning chances.7. Which may be the best title for this text?A. Green Vegetables, Healthy GardenersB. School Garden: a Promise Land in
21、SummerC. Young Gardeners, Knowledgeable MindsD. City Blossoms: an Exciting Garden Project【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了非盈利组织City Blossoms为学校和其他孩子聚集的城市地区提供社区花园。社区花园是孩子们的户外教室。孩子们自己种植蔬菜，然后卖出，从中学到了很多有价值的知识。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“On a recent weekend at the Aya farmers market, the kids work at a ta
22、bleinviting people to try their herbed salt with bread.( 在阿亚农贸市场，孩子们在一张桌子旁工作，邀请人们品尝他们制作的香草盐面包。)”以及最后一段中“often buys produce from them.”可知，孩子们在社区花园里收获蔬菜，然后拿到市场上去卖。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Roshawn Little 所说的话“We mainly live around liquor（酒）stores and snack stores. There arent that many grocery storesyou
23、have to drive so far. ”Little居住的地区周围主要是贩酒店和零食店，没有那么多杂货店。买东西得开车去很远的地方。因此可以推断，Little居住的地区不容易买得到新鲜的食物。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“These gardensare really outdoor classrooms where kids learn valuable lessonsnot just about nutrition, but also about science and math, even business skills. （这些花园真的是户外教室，孩子们可以学到
24、宝贵的课程不仅是关于营养，还有关于科学和数学，甚至商业技能。）”可知，City Blossoms建立社区花园的目的是为了给孩子们创造户外学习的机会。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了City Blossoms为孩子们建立社区花园。在社区花园里，孩子们自己种植蔬菜，然后卖出。孩子们不仅学到关于营养方面的知识，而且还学到科学和数学知识，甚至是演讲技能和商业技能。文章最后一段提到“She is constantly impressed by the kids knowledge of what theyre sellingthey know how to grow it, how
25、 to prepare it, and how to cook it.”孩子们对自己所卖的东西的丰富知识，给人们留下了深刻的印象。因此文章的标题应为“年轻的园丁，知识渊博的头脑”。故选C项。CThe terrible E1Nio strikes the globe every 2 to 7 years. As warm waters in the tropical(热带的) Pacific Ocean switch eastward and trade winds weaken the weather pattern stretches through the atmosphere, caus
26、ing drought in southern Africa, wildfires in South America, and flooding on North Americas Pacific coast. Climate scientists have struggled to predict El Nio events more than 1 year in advance, but artificial intelligence (AI) can now extend the latest forecasts to 18 months, according to a new stud
27、y.The new research uses a type of AI called a convolutional neural network(卷积神经网络), which is adept in recognizing images. Researchers feed the neural network a large number of training images and the AI becomes skilled at identifying fundamental patterns of those images. For example, the neural netw
28、ork can be trained to recognize cats in photos by identifying characteristics shared by all cats, such as hairs and four legs.Part of the problem with earlier researches on El Nio forecasts is that they rely on a relatively small set of historical statistics for factors such as ocean temperature. To
29、 get around this shortage, the scientists fed the program re-creations of historic ocean conditions produced by a set of reliable climate models, ones frequently used for studies of climate change, says the studys lead author, Yoo-Geun Ham, a climate scientist in South Korea. As a result, the scient
30、ists could show the computer system not just one set of actual historic data, lasting from 1871 to 1973, but several thousand reproductions of that same data by the climate models.But its not clear how much real-world benefit will come from pushing forecasts beyond 1 year, cautions Stephen Zebiak, a
31、 climate scientist at Columbia University, “The kind of lead time that is actionable is probably less than a year because decision-makers are unlikely to take action further in advance,” he says.8. What is the advantage of the latest AI forecasts?A. Faster response.B. Higher accuracyC. Wider applica
32、tion.D. Longer time range.9. What does the underlined word “adept” probably mean?A. Carefully-chosen.B. Well-trained.C. Newly-developed.D. Wide-spread.10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Improvement on previous studies.B. Requirements for weather forecast.C. Procedure for analyzing image data.D.
33、 Problems with early climate models.11. What does Stephen Zebiak think of the new AI prediction?A. It has unclear impacts.B. It calls for effective action.C. It may not be of actual help.D. It should be treated with caution.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明，气候科学家们一直难以提前一年多预测厄尔尼诺现象，但人工智能现
34、在可以将最新的预测延长到18个月。文章介绍人工智能在预测厄尔尼诺现象方面的优势、对以往研究的改进和人们对此技术的看法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Climate scientists have struggled to predict El Nino events more than 1 year in advance, but artificial intelligence (Al) can now extend the latest forecasts to 18 months, according to a new study. 可知一项最新研究表明，气候科学家一直难以提前一年多
35、预测厄尔尼诺现象，但人工智能现在可以将最新的预测延长到18个月。由此可知，最新的人工智能预测可以预测更长的时间范围。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中Researchers feed the neural network a large number of training images and the Al becomes skilled at identifying fundamental patterns of those images.可知，划线处的下文提到研究人员向神经网络输入大量的训练图像，人工智能就能够熟练地识别这些图像的基本模式。即它擅长识别图像，故adept表示“熟
36、练”之意。A. Carefully-chosen精心挑选的；B. Well-trained.熟练的。C. Newly-developed新开发的；D. Wide-spread广泛传播的。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中Part of the problem with earlier researches on El Nio forecasts is that they rely on a relatively small set of historical statistics for factors such as ocean temperature.可知早期关于厄尔尼诺预测的
37、研究存在的一个问题是，它们所依赖的海洋温度等因素的历史统计数据相对较少。结合第三段主要从新研究使用的新技术出发，引出了早期研究的部分问题，然后提出了解决这一问题的改进方法。由此可知，第三段的主要内容是对以往研究的改进。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The kind of lead time that is actionable is probably less than a year because decision-makers are unlikely to take action further in advance,” he says.可知他说:“那种可操作的准备时
38、间可能不到1年，因为决策者不太可能提前进一步采取行动。”由此可推知，Stephen Zebiak认为新的人工智能预测可能没有实际帮助。故选C。DPeople often plan to receive medical exam but dont, resulting in increasing health care cost. A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families
39、 miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks? They use carrots and sticks: bonuses, late fees, or regulations. These methods can be clumsy, and often arent effective for th
40、e situation at hand. Reminding people to form simple plans. however, provides a low-cost, simple, and powerful tool.Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance
41、. In one early randomized study on tetanus vaccination rates, for example, a team of social psychologists showed that 28% of Oxford University seniors got the shot after being encouraged to review their weekly schedules and to select a possible time to stop by the health center. They were also given
42、 a list of times when shots were available and a map showing the health centers location. Only 3% of the seniors got the shot when simply informed about how effective the shots were.People who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency
43、 to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task. Imagine Sarah who wants to renew a car insurance, but it will require two hours of travel to and from a garage. Making a plan may lead her to lake two hours off and have her responsibilities
44、 covered by her colleagues while she is away. Moreover, she will be less likely to underestimate the time needed to accomplish the taska particularly common problem for complex tasks.People mistakenly believe that their strong intentions are enough to push them to perform desired behaviors. These ps
45、ychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.12. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1?A. Heavy burden of daily chores.B. Lack of task management skills.C. Disappointment of over-ambitions.D. Failure to achieve original
46、 intentions.13. What does the randomized tetanus vaccination study show?A. People need to think deeply before they act.B. Specific reminders help people accomplish plans.C. Awareness of task significance matters in planning.D. Seniors need encouragement to have vaccination shots.14. What psychologic
47、al benefit can people get from making a plan?A. They are realistic in the time required.B. They are optimistic about the outcome.C. They are confident to overcome hardship.D. They are careful with task arrangements.15. Who may be the intended readers of this text?A. Medical staff.B. Government offic
48、ials.C. Ordinary people.D. Social psychologists.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。人们经常会有事与愿违的情况，那么决策者该如何帮助人们完成重要任务？越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。人们错误地认为，他们强烈的意愿就足以促使他们去做他们想做的事情，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中A surprising number of citizens mean to complete tax
49、forms in time but forget to, forcing them to pay unnecessary fines. Many families miss the government deadline to complete financial aid forms, losing out on aid available for child care.可知有相当多的市民本打算及时填写纳税表格，却忘记了。强迫他们支付不必要的罚款。许多家庭没有在政府截止日期前完成经济援助表格，失去了儿童保育的资助。由此可推知，第一段描述了事与愿违的现象。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第
50、三段中Evidence is growing that providing prompts, which push people at key times to think through how and when they will follow through, make people more likely to act on tasks of importance.可知越来越多的证据表明，提供提示，促使人们在关键时刻思考如何以及何时执行，使人们更有可能在重要任务上采取行动。由此可知，破伤风疫苗接种研究体现了特别的提醒可以帮助人们完成计划。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中P
51、eople who make a plan gain an advantage from their psychological forces. Specifically, they can overcome the tendency to put off as well as the tendency to be overly optimistic about the time it will take to accomplish a task.可知制定计划的人会从他们的心理力量中获得优势。具体来说，他们可以克服拖延的倾向，也可以克服对完成一项任务所需要的时间过于乐观的倾向。由此可知，制定一
52、个计划能使人们，对事情所需要的时间预计得比较现实。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句 How can policymakers help people follow through on important tasks?(决策者如何帮助人们完成重要任务？)和第五段第二句These psychological research results stress the need for policy decisions that encourage plan making and improve social welfare.(这些心理学研究结果强调了鼓励计划制定和改善社会福利的政策
53、决策的必要性)可知，文章主要是对政府官员应对人们这种心理的一些建议。由此可推知，政府官员可能是这篇文章的读者。故选B。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.Over the last few years, theres been a trend to focus on gratitude. We can buy different kinds of gratitude journals, or download apps that remind us to write down our blessings._
54、16_“But its also important to remember that gratitude is free.”says Laurie Santos, who teaches a course on the science of well-being and happiness at Yale University.Noting down gratitude seems to pay off. Studies have found that giving thanks can help people sleep better, lower stress and improve i
55、nterpersonal relationships. Keeping a gratitude journal can decrease materialism and enhance generosity among adolescents._17_“Its one practices that really wins out from the field of positive psychology.” she says. Her students, in addition to keeping gratitude journals, are asked to write a thank-
56、you letter and then read it out loud to the recipient (收信人). “They show measurable improvements in well-being even a month after theyve done this.”she says._18_One study found that counting blessings once a week boosted happiness, but doing so three times a week didnt. Theres also a lack of research
57、 on bow gratitude exercises help people with clinical depression or anxiety. Indeed, for all the research on the broad benefits of expressing gratitude, it isnt for everyone._19_ It cant make injustice, loss or pain disappear.During really tough times, like when she suffers from poor health, Santos
58、feels like she is reaching for reasons to be grateful. But she still tries to find some. “Im grateful for the sun thats shining or being able to wake up,” she says._20_A. And it isnt a cure-all.B. So it doesnt feel pleasant.C. Those products remind us to take time to be grateful.D What works for som
59、e people may not work for others.E. Gratitude allows her to remember what is going well.F. Practicing too much gratitude may have undesired effects.G. Thats why gratitude features heavily in Santos happiness class.【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章说明了感恩逐渐成为一种趋势及感恩的重要性。【16题详解】结合前文We can
60、 buy different kinds of gratitude journals, or download apps that remind us to write down our blessings. 我们可以购买不同种类的感恩日记，或者下载提醒我们写下祝福的应用程序。C. Those products remind us to take time to be grateful.这些产品提醒我们要花时间去感恩。衔接前文，解释这些感恩产品的作用。故选C项。【17题详解】结合前文Studies have found that giving thanks can help people sl
61、eep better, lower stress and improve interpersonal relationships. Keeping a gratitude journal can decrease materialism and enhance generosity among adolescents. 研究发现，感恩可以帮助人们睡得更好，减轻压力，改善人际关系。写感恩日记可以减少物质主义，提高青少年的慷慨程度。及后文Her students, in addition to keeping gratitude journals, are asked to write a tha
62、nk-you letter and then read it out loud to the recipient (收信人). 她的学生除了写感谢日记外，还要写一封感谢信，然后大声念给收件人听。可知，感恩有很多好处，结合后文她在课上教导学生需要感恩。G. Thats why gratitude features heavily in Santos happiness class.这就是为什么感恩在桑托斯的快乐课上占了很大比重。符合此处语境。故选G项。【18题详解】结合后文One study found that counting blessings once a week boosted ha
63、ppiness, but doing so three times a week didnt. 一项研究发现，每周一次祝福能提升幸福感，但一周三次却不能。因此，无需太多的感恩。F. Practicing too much gratitude may have undesired effects.太多的感恩可能会有不好的效果。符合此处语境。故选F项。【19题详解】结合后文It cant make injustice, loss or pain disappear. 它不能让不公平、损失或痛苦消失。可知，感恩也不是万能的。A. And it isnt a cure-all.它并不是万能药。符合此处
64、语境。故选A项。【20题详解】结合前文During really tough times, like when she suffers from poor health, Santos feels like she is reaching for reasons to be grateful. 在非常艰难的时候，比如说当她身体不好的时候，桑托斯觉得她有理由感恩。及Im grateful for the sun thats shining or being able to wake up我很感激阳光明媚或者我能够醒来。可知，即使她在非常艰难的时候，也能够记得什么是好的，保持积极感恩的心态。E.
65、Gratitude allows her to remember what is going well.感激使她能记住什么是好的。符合此处语境。故选E项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Its no news that there are places in this world where children are lacking basic life necessities. Even though there
66、 are organizations_21_to give children happiness in the world, they cant be everywhere. This brings a(n)_22_: who will stand in the gap and give these children a_23_life on earth?Rajesh Kumar Sharma, a 43-year-old_24_decided to open a free school in New Delhi, India for_25_children. The idea struck
67、him when he visited the Delhi metro station and_26_that many children were playing there_27_attending school. When he questioned their_28_working at the site, they replied that there were no schools nearby and no one_29_.All they wanted for their children was to get a job to_30_the family income._31
68、_that he had to quit college due to_32_limits, Rajesh did not want the same fate (命运) to happen to these children. So he created a_33_school beneath the tracks of the station for them.Five days a week, with a torn mat to sit on and part of a_34_painted as a blackboard, Rajesh spares two hours to_35_
69、while his grocery store is attended to by his brother. His students are_36_child laborers and farm workers who hardly had the_37_to decide their own fate.Since the school started, it is been_38_by anonymous (匿名的) donors who provide clothing, books and stationery (文具) for the children. Rajesh has bee
70、n able to influence his community as more parents are _39_their children to study. He shows us that nothing is impossible if you put your _40_into it.21. A. deservingB. waitingC. battlingD. failing22. A. doubtB. questionC. guessD. argument23. A. colorfulB. wealthyC. commonD. meaningful24. A. profess
71、orB. shopkeeperC. workerD. engineer25. A. needyB. lonelyC. homelessD. hopeless26. A. expectedB. acknowledgedC. indicatedD. noticed27. A. other thanB. regardless ofC. rather thanD. apart from28. A. parentsB. classmatesC. neighborsD. relatives29 A. complainedB. caredC. reactedD. commented30. A. add to
72、B. lead toC. bring upD. take up31. A. AssumingB. AdmittingC. ReasoningD. Remembering32. A. academicB. ageC. financialD. time33. A. traditionalB. privateC. normalD. temporary34. A. wallB. trainC. roofD. platform35. A. serveB. teachC. practiseD. learn36. A. mostlyB. surelyC. rarelyD. nearly37. A. mone
73、yB. potentialC. chanceD. experience38. A. operatedB. fundedC. builtD. expanded39. A. challengingB. beggingC. forcingD. encouraging40. A. dreamB. talentC. heartD. knowledge【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. C【解析】这是
74、一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了43岁的杂货店老板Rajesh Kumar Sharma在印度新德里为贫困儿童开办了一所免费学校，文章叙述了他产生这一想法的原因以及他给学生们上课的情况。因为Rajesh 的投入，随着越来越多的父母鼓励自己的孩子学习，Rajesh用行动告诉我们，只要你全身心投入去做，没有什么是不可能的。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使世界上有一些组织在为给孩子们幸福而奋斗，但它们不可能无处不在。A. deserving值得；B. waiting等待；C. battling奋斗，斗争；D. failing失败。结合后文to give children happiness in
75、 the world可知，世界上有一些组织在为了孩子们的幸福而奋斗着。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就产生了一个问题：究竟是谁来填补这个空白，给这些孩子们一个有意义的人生呢？A. doubt怀疑；B. question问题；C. guess猜测；D. argument争论。结合后文who will stand in the gap and give these children a可知，后文提出了一个问题。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就产生了一个问题：究竟是谁来填补这个空白，给这些孩子们一个有意义的人生呢？A. colorful多彩的；B. wealth
76、y富有的；C. common普通的；D. meaningful有意义的。结合上文提到有一些组织为了孩子的幸福而奋斗，但是他们不能无处不在，因此产生了一个问题，谁应该来填补这个空白，给这些需要帮助的孩子一个有意义的人生。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：43岁的店主Rajesh Kumar Sharma决定在印度新德里为贫困儿童开办一所免费学校。A. professor教授；B. shopkeeper店主；C. worker工人；D. engineer工程师。根据倒数第二段中while his grocery store is attended to by his brother可知
77、，Rajesh Kumar Sharma有一个杂货店，是个店主。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：43岁的店主Rajesh Kumar Sharma决定在印度新德里为贫困儿童开办一所免费学校。A. needy贫困的；B. lonely寂寞的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. hopeless绝望的。结合上文decided to open a free school可推知，开办免费学习针对的肯定是贫困，上不起学的孩子们。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他参观德里地铁站时，注意到很多孩子都在那里玩耍而不是上学，他产生了这个想法。A. expected期待；B.
78、acknowledged承认；C. indicated表明；D. noticed注意到。结合后文that many children were playing there可知，Rajesh在参观地铁站时，注意到了很多孩子在地铁站里玩耍。故选D。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：当他参观德里地铁站时，注意到很多孩子都在那里玩耍而不是上学，他产生了这个想法。A. other than除了；B. regardless of不管；C. rather than而不是；D. apart from除之外。结合上文that many children were playing there可知，孩子在地铁站
79、里玩耍，而不是（rather than）去上学。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他询问他们在现场工作的父母时，他们回答说附近没有学校，没有人在意。A. parents父母；B. classmates同学；C. neighbors邻居；D. relatives亲戚。孩子在地铁站里玩耍，没有去上学，Rajesh肯定是询问这些孩子的父母（parents）孩子为什么没去上学的情况。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他询问他们在现场工作的父母时，他们回答说附近没有学校，没有人在意。A. complained抱怨；B. cared在意，关心；C. reacted反应；D. c
80、ommented评论。结合后文All they wanted for their children was to get a job可知，这些孩子的父母根本没有人在意孩子有没有上学，他们只想孩子去找个工作。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们对孩子的全部期望就是找一份工作以增加家庭收入。A. add to增加；B. lead to导致；C. bring up提出；D. take up拿起。结合上文All they wanted for their children was to get a job可知，这些父母只希望孩子找份工作，挣钱，以此来增加家庭收入。故选A。【31题详解】考
81、查动词词义辨析。句意：Rajesh想起自己因为经济拮据不得不退学，他不希望同样的命运发生在这些孩子身上。A. Assuming假设；B. Admitting承认；C. Reasoning推论；D. Remembering想起。结合后文that he had to quit college可知，Rajesh想起了自己因为经济拮据不能上大学的事情。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rajesh想起自己因为经济拮据不得不退学，他不希望同样的命运发生在这些孩子身上。A. academic学术的；B. age年龄；C. financial财务的；D. time定时的。结合上文那些在地铁站玩
82、耍的孩子的父母，只希望孩子能找份工作养家，可推知这些孩子的家庭经济情况并不好，而这与Rajesh的情况相似，可推知Rajesh也是因为经济问题退学的。故选C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以他在车站轨道下为他们创建了一所临时学校。A. traditional传统的；B. private私人的；C. normal正常的；D. temporary临时的。结合后文school beneath the tracks of the station for them可推知，这所学校在一个车站轨道下面，是一个临时学校。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周有五天，Rajesh只能坐在
83、一张破垫子上，墙壁的一部分被涂成了黑板，他只能抽出两个小时来教学生，而他的杂货店则由他的兄弟照看。A. wall墙壁；B. train火车；C. roof屋顶；D. platform平台。结合后文painted as a blackboard可推知，应是墙壁的一部分被涂成了黑板。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周有五天，Rajesh只能坐在一张破垫子上，墙壁的一部分被涂成了黑板，他只能抽出两个小时来教学生，而他的杂货店则由他的兄弟照看。A. serve服务；B. teach教；C. practise练习；D. learn学习。结合后文His students可知，Rajesh抽
84、出两个小时来教他的学生。故选B。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的学生大多是童工和农场工人，他们几乎没有机会决定自己的命运。A. mostly主要地；B. surely当然；C. rarely很少地；D. nearly差不多。结合后文child laborers and farm workers who hardly had the可知，Rajesh的学生大多是童工和农场工人。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的学生大多是童工和农场工人，他们几乎没有机会决定自己的命运。A. money金钱；B. potential潜能；C. chance机会；D. experience经
85、历。结合上文child laborers and farm workers可知，这些学生大多是童工和农场工人，他们几乎没有机会决定自己的命运。短语have the chance to do sth.“有机会做某事”。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从学校开办以来，学校就由匿名捐款人资助的，他们为孩子们提供衣服、书籍和文具。A. operated操作；B. funded提供资金；C. built修建；D. expanded扩大。结合后文who provide clothing, books and stationery for the children可推知，学校是由匿名捐款人资
86、助的。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着越来越多的父母鼓励自己的孩子学习，Rajesh能够影响他所在的社区。A. challenging挑战；B. begging恳求；C. forcing迫使；D. encouraging鼓励。结合上文Rajesh has been able to influence his community as more parents are可知，随着越来越多的父母鼓励自己的孩子学习，Rajesh能够影响他所在的社区。故选D。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我们，只要你全身心投入去做，没有什么是不可能的。A. dream梦想；B. tale
87、nt才能；C. heart心；D. knowledge知识。根据文章内容可知，Rajesh凭一己之力全身心投入（heart）到免费学校中，从而也影响了他所在的社区，让越来越多的父母鼓励自己的孩子学习。put heart into表示“全身心投入与”。故选C。第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.“Du Fu: Chinas Greatest Poet”a 58-minute documentary released recently on BBC, introduces Du Fu to the Western
88、 world for the first time_41_the form of documentary. In the film, Michael Wood, one of BBCs most popular hosts, visited a number of Chinese_42_(city) to retrace Dus steps. The documentary invited well-known British actor Ian McKellen,_43_played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies,_44_(read) 15
89、of Dus poems that have been translated into English.Born in 712, Du Fu lived through the violent fall of Chinas brilliant Tang Dynasty. lie had the desire to serve his country, but his life_45_(destroy) by the An Lushan Rebellion of 755. Of_46_many poems he wrote, 500 have been preserved over the ag
90、es. For generations he_47_(be) the guardian of the moral conscience（良知）of the nation.The documentary compared Du to Shakespeare to help audiences_48_(well) understand the poets great achievements in literature. It also highlighted Chinese poetry, noting that its 3000-year-old history makes_49_the ol
91、dest living tradition of poetry in the world.During an interview, the director even quoted a line from Du to encourage the people_50_(suffer) under the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病).【答案】41. in 42. cities 43. who 44. to read 45. was destroyed 46. the 47. has been 48. better 49. it 50. suffering【解析】这是一篇文。文章讲
92、述了BBC推出了一部名为杜甫：最伟大的中国诗人的纪录片，并对杜甫作了简单介绍。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：第一次以纪录片的形式向西方观众介绍了杜甫。in the form of意为“以形式”。故填in。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：拜访了许多中国城市以追溯杜甫的足迹。这里有a number of修饰，可数名词要用复数形式。故填cities。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员伊恩麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子结构可知，空白处前句成分完整，后句缺少主语，有逗号隔开，考虑非限制性定语从句，先行词Ian McKell
93、en是人属性，要用关系代词who。故填who。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该纪录片邀请到了曾在指环王系列电影中饰演甘道夫一角的英国著名演员伊恩麦克莱恩来读15首已经译成英文的杜甫的诗。分析句子可知，主句中有invite sb. to do sth.的结构，这里要用动词不定式。故填to read。【45题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：但他的生活被公元755年的安史之乱破坏了。分析主语his life和所给谓语动词destroy不难推断，这里要用被动语态表示“他的生活被破坏”，且事件发生在过去，要用一般过去时。故填was destroyed。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：在杜甫写下的诸多诗篇
94、中，只有500首流传至今。这里的many poems有定语从句修饰，特指，要用定冠词。故填the。【47题详解】考查时态。句意：一直以来，杜甫都是中华民族道德良知的捍卫者。这里有for generations作时间状语，表示动作发生于过去并一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时。故填has been。【48题详解】考查副词比较级。句意：纪录片将杜甫与莎士比亚做比较以帮助观众们更好地理解杜甫在文学上的伟大成就。从句意上来看，这里通过比较的手段是为了达成使观众理解更深、更好的目的，要用well的比较级。故填better。【49题详解】考查代词。句意：指出中国诗歌以其3000年的历史成为了世界上现存最古老的
95、诗歌。分析句子可知，空白处后面的内容就是在说明Chinese poetry，结合动词make可以看作是宾语补足语，而宾语指代上文提到的东西就要用it。故填it。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在一场采访中，导演甚至引用了杜甫的一句诗来鼓励正在新冠疫情下煎熬的人们。分析句子可知，这里suffer是非谓语动词，在句中作定语修饰people，suffer与people之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填suffering。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小分1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中并有10
96、处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划拟。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。The day when we returned to school was impressive. Because the COVID-19 outbreak, we had to stay home during the three months “vacation”. I was to
97、uching when I stepped into the school, where remained clean and neat. The staff must have worked hard to keep everything tidy and safe but we could study in a comfortable environment. There were sign telling us to wash hands frequently and wearing masks. Mr. Chen, our headteacher, greeted us warm in
98、 the classroom. A mask was covered most of his face, but his eyes were shining. He said we had done his part to stop the disease spreading. What a unforgettable day!【答案】1.Because后添加of2.touchingtouched3.wherewhich4.butso5.signsigns6.wearingwear7.warmwarmly8.删除was9.hisour10.aan【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了由
99、于新冠肺炎疫情爆发，这三个月的“假期”人们不得不呆在家里，作者回到学校后，被依然干净整洁的校园感动的事情。【详解】1.考查介词。because 意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句，because of 为固定搭配，意为“因为”。后面接名词，此处后面是名词短语the COVID-19 outbreak应用because of。故Because后添加of。2.考查动词语态。主语 I 与动词 touch 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故此处应该使用被动语态。故touching改为touched。3.考查定语从句。句意：当我走进学校时，我被感动了，学校依然干净整洁。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词school，
100、且先行词在从句中作主语。where 是表示地点的副词，不能用作主语。此处需要用关系代词which。故where改为which。4.考查连词。句意：工作人员一定很努力地保持一切的整洁和安全，所以我们可以在一个舒适的环境中学习。分析上下文语境可知是因果关系，应用连词so。故but改为so。5.考查名词的数。sign为可数名词，根据上文were可知应用其复数形式 signs。故sign改为signs。6.考查非谓语动词。句意：有指示牌告诉我们要勤洗手，戴口罩。结合句意表示“告诉某人做某事”短语为tell sb. to do sth.，and 前后应当为并列成分，因此形式应当保持一致，故此处 wear
101、ing 也应当使用原型 wear。故wearing改为wear。7.考查副词。此处修饰动词 greeted应用副词warmly。故warm改为warmly。8.考查动词语态。主语 mask 与动词 cover 之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故此处不应该使用被动语态。故删除was。9.考查代词。句意：他说我们已经尽了自己的力量来阻止疾病的蔓延。分析句子可知此处应当是指“我们”已经尽了自己的力量应用代词our。故his改为our。10.考查冠词。day为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且unforgettable 是以元音音素开头的单词，因此不定冠词应当使用 an。故a改为an。第二节 书面表达（满分
102、25分）52.假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jeff得知你参加了你校学生会主办的“我最敬佩的科学家”故事分享会，写信询问有关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 感谢关注：2. 你的分享；3. 你感想。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jeff,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jeff,Im glad to know that you are interested in the story-sharing meeting with the theme of “my most admired scientist” held by the stude
103、nts union of our school. Thank you for your attention. I would like to tell you some details about it. In the activity, we all enthusiastically introduced the scientists we admire most, such as Newton, Einstein, Chen Jingrun, etc. The scientist I admire most is Qian Xuesen, who is the most outstandi
104、ng representative figure of the aerospace field. What I admire him most is that he overcame numerous obstacles to return to his motherland and participated in the construction of new China. We are all deeply inspired by these scientists and determined to become the pillars of our motherland.Yours,Li
105、 Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jeff得知你参加了你校学生会主办的“我最敬佩的科学家”故事分享会，写信询问有关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 感谢关注：2. 你的分享；3. 你的感想。时态应为一般过去时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； story-sharing meeting (故事分享会)，admire(敬佩)，enthusiastically (踊跃地) outstanding(杰出的)，contribution(贡献)，attention(关注)，inspi
106、re(鼓舞)，overcome(克服)，numerous (很多的)，pillar(栋梁之才)及determined(有决心的)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be interested in(对感兴趣)，with the theme of(主题是)，thank sb. for sth. (因某事而感谢某人)以及participate in(参与到之中)，而且还使用
107、了定语从句The scientist I admire most is Qian Xuesen, who is the most outstanding representative figure of the aerospace field.主语从句和表语从句What I admire him most is that he overcame numerous obstacles to return to his motherland and participated in the construction of new China.宾语从句和非谓语动词Im glad to know that you are interested in the story-sharing meeting with the theme of “my most admired scientist” held by the students union of our school.全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
