1、天津市南开区2015高考英语阅读理解选练（3）及答案【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】Why Doesnt Anybody Copy Apple?Apples products are the envy of the world. They have been spectacularly successful and are widely imitated, if not copied. The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to competeThis idea that the basis of comp
2、etition is set by Apple and then the race is on to climb the path of improvement is unquestionableWhen Apple releases a product that defines a category or dramatically changes the structure of an industry, it becomes obvious what needs to be built. But what I wonder is why everyone wants to copy App
3、les products but nobody wants to copy being Apple?I can think of two reasons. Firstly, Apple is not worth copying because its not successful; secondly, Apples success cannot be copied because it is a magical processThere is a great deal of evidence for the first hypothesis. The idea of Apple being s
4、uccessful is not something reflected in its stock priceBeing valued lower than the average company in the S&P（标准普尔）500 indicates that to whatever degree Apple was successful in the past, its not seen by the vast majority of observers as successful in the futureWhy should one bother copying Apple if
5、it results in being punished with a low valuation? If one works really hard at innovation and then that innovation becomes commoditized（商品化）very quickly, why should one bother?When innovation practitioners are asked what makes Apple successful, the answers regarding the cause of this success border
6、on the mythical. The climax of this hypothesis is the “chief-sorcerer” theory of success which places one magician, like Steve Jobs, in charge of casting all the right spells（符咒）What about Apples own opinion of what makes it tick? Tim Cook refers to a great team and integration of hardware, software
7、 and services as unique Apple advantages. Its a better explanationIntegration is something that can take a long time, but it is possible with great effortA few companies are starting to make moves in that direction, but efforts are half-heartedThere is no “move the Earth” panic to become an integrat
8、ed company from Samsung, Google or MicrosoftMy own suspicion is that Apple is more aware of what makes it special than it lets out However, as Tim points out, its not a formulaIts complex, its subtle, but its not magicIts a process that requires a degree of faith and courage32When a new product of A
9、pple comes out, often it _Aruins an industry dramaticallyBstarts a revolution of an industryCputs itself in an unbeatable positionDis soon overtaken by imitated products33According to the passage, other companies dont “copy being Apple” because _.A. Apple is not a successful companyB. they have no a
10、ccess to relevant resourcesC. Its hard to find a magician like Steve JobsDbeing Apple takes more than time and efforts34We can infer from Para. 5 that _Aother companies are dedicated to integrationBApple itself is fully aware of its unique advantagesCApple will hold the leading position in this indu
11、stryDother companies dont have a great team as Apple does35What does the author think of Tim Cooks statement?AAcceptable BDisappointing CUnquestionable DConvincing【参考答案】BDCA阅读理解The Answer Is Right There above You.If you put a buzzard in a fence six to eight feet square and entirely open at the top，t
12、he bird，in spite of its ability to fly, will be an absolute prisoner. The reason is that a buzzard always begins a flight from the ground with a run of ten to twelve feet. Without space to run，as is its habit, it will not even attempt to fly, but remain a prisoner for life in a small jail with no to
13、p.The Ordinary bat flying around at night is a remarkable quick-moving creature in the air. But placed on the floor or flat ground, it has to shuffle about helplessly and, no doubt, painfully ，until it reaches some slight elevation from which it can throw itself into the air. Then，at once，it takes o
14、ff like a flash,A bumblebee if dropped into an open tumbler (平底玻璃杯）will be there until it dies, unless it is taken out. It never sees the means of escape at the top，but keeps trying to find some way out through the sides near the bottom.In many ways, there are lots of people like the buzzard, the ba
15、t and the bumblebee. They are struggling about with all their problems and frustrations，not realizing that the answer is right there above them.64. Based on Paragraph 1, in what case can a buzzard fly?A. It s not old enough.B. Its caught in a fence.C. Its a prisoner in a small jail.D. Its got enough
16、 space to run.65 The underlined word “shuffle”（in para. 2) is closest in meaning to “_A. walk slowlyB, mix upC. fly lowD. run fast66. How can the bumblebee get out of an open tumbler by itself according to the text? A. It can be taken out,B. It can escape at the top.C. It can get out through the sid
17、e,D. It can jump up from the bottom.67. The author expresses his views by_.A making a speechB. using examplesC. making a comparisonD. giving advice【文章大意】抬头就是希望。本文讲的是把秃鹫放在一个68平方英尺的无围顶栏里，这只大鸟尽管会飞也绝对会成为这栏中之囚。同样也有蝙蝠和大黄蜂。其实很多人也像他们一样，使尽浑身解数解决问题，克服挫折，却没有意识到答案就在正上方。注意：阅读文章有标题的一定要注意标题。64. 【答案】D【解析】根据第一段最后一句话
18、可知。【考点定位】考查细节推断。65. 【答案】A【解析】句意：如果把它放在地板或平地上，它只会无助的挪动。根据上下句可知它不能飞翔。故选A。B项，混合；C项，低飞；D项，速跑【考点定位】考查词义猜测。66. 【答案】B【解析】根据第三段第二句可知选B【考点定位】考查细节理解。67. 【答案】C【解析】根据文章最后一段第一句可知文章通过把人和buzzard，bat以及bumblebee进行对比而阐述事理的。故选C。【考点定位】考查写作手法。阅读理解-DRenowned Chinese author Mo Yan has gained many new admirers after winnin
19、g the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature. Several major publishing houses in China said they would include some of Mo s short stories in their textbooks for middle and high school students.These announcements have given rise to fierce debate. Some criticize publishers for seeking fame and others wonder
20、 if middle school students have enough literary knowledge to truly appreciate Mo s works. Mo Yan has been a well-regarded writer in China for many years. But textbook publishers never showed their interest in his works before. Now they are all rushing to include Mo s short stories, weeks after the a
21、uthor won a Nobel prize Their timing invites suspicion.In contrast，supporters say that Mo s prose is beautiful and can inspire students love for the Chinese language.By having won a Nobel prize, Mo can have a very positive effect on getting more young people interested in literature. Including Mo s
22、works in textbooks can draw the attention of young students and improve their literary skills.So, what is your opinion? Should Mo Yan s works be featured in middle school textbooks?68. From the text, we can learn_A. textbook publishers have been showing their interest in Mo s worksB. the inclusion o
23、f Mo s short stories in textbooks causes heated debateC. Mo s works have been included to the textbooks for middle and high school studentsD. criticizers think it unnecessary for middle school students to enjoy Mo s short stories69. What does the underlined word they” in the second paragraph refer t
24、o? A. Announcements. B, Middle school students, C. Mo s works. D, Textbook publishers.70. The author writes the text mainly for_.A. collecting the readers opinionsB. introducing Mo Yan s worksC. arguing with the textbook publishersD. encouraging students to improve their literary skills 【文章大意】本文讨论的是
25、诺贝尔文学奖获得者中国作家莫言的短片小说是否要选入中学教学书的话题。文章分别描述了支持者和反对者的观点。68. 【答案】B【解析】通过第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知。【考点定位】考查推断判断。69. 【答案】D【解析】本题考查的是代词的指代作用。根据前一句可知they指的是Textbook publishers.【考点定位】考查推理判断。70. 【答案】A【解析】通过最后一句可知选A【考点定位】考查写作意图。阅读理解 Imagine putting a seed in a freezer, waiting 30,000 years, and then taking the seed out
26、and planting it. Do you think a flower would grow? Amazingly, scientists have just managed to do something very similar. They found the fruit of an ancient plant that had been frozen underground in Siberia a region covering central and eastern Russia for about 31,800 years. Using pieces of the fruit
27、, the scientists grew plants in a lab. The new blooms have delicate white petals. They are also the oldest flowering plants that researchers have ever revived from a deep freeze. “This is like regenerating a dinosaur from tissues of an ancient egg,” said University of California, Los Angeles biologi
28、st Jane Shen-Miller. The plant has a long history. Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia. The ground became permafrost, a layer of soil that stays frozen fo
29、r a long time. Recently, Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil. The plant
30、s produced seeds that could be used to grow even more of them. Its important for scientists to know that plant tissues can still be revived after being frozen for a long time. Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in g
31、iant lockers at various spots around the globe. One such endeavor, an underground facility in Norway, is called the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. It stores hundreds of thousands of frozen seeds. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other
32、 storage lockers. “No one knows how long they are able to live for, but freezing is basically the format for many plant conservation attempts nowadays.” Shen-Miller said. Its a good thing that at least some plants are tough enough to survive the experience. 31. How did the fruit originally get under
33、ground?A. It was placed there by an animal.B. It was trapped there during the ice-age.C. It was planted there by ancient farmers.D. It was buried there after the earthquake.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits
34、in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia.可知最初的时候是有动物放在地下的，故选A。32. Which of the following was NOT used to recreate the ancient plant? A. Modern nutrients. B. Parts of its fruit. C. Its frozen seeds. D. Plant pots with soil.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Russian scientists dug out the
35、 old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil.从果实的一部分取组织，然后给这些组织一定的营养，然后把嫩芽放在有土壤的盆里就能再重新栽培出古代的植物，这里没有提到冻了的种子，故选
36、C。33. Why are scientists interested in this discovery?A. It helps them learn how plant life has changed in the past 30,000 years.B. It can help guide future efforts to protect endangered plant-life.C. It can provide directions for where to look for other ancient plants.D. It proves that all plant li
37、fe can survive for thousands of years when frozen.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back
38、by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.有了这个重要的发现有助于帮助我们未来去保护频临灭绝的植物，故选B。34. The underlined word “they” in the final paragraph refers to _.A. plantsB. seedsC. scientists D. storage lockers【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking i
39、ts seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.及able to live for应该指的是种子能够活多长，故选B。35. The purpose of the passage is to _. A. discuss a plant conservation effort B. introduce some ancient plants C. outline some causes of global warmingD. describe a scientific research project【答案】D 【解析】作者意图题。纵观全文的内容可知短文介绍了一个科研项目，故选D。
