1、河南省实验中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）（时间：120分钟，满分：150分）一、听力部分（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Where does this conversation probably take place?A.In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.2.At wh
2、at time will the film begin?A. 7:20. B. 7:15. C. 7:00.3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?ATheir friend Jane. B. A weekend trip. C. A radio program.4.What will the woman probably do?A.Catch a train. B. See the man off. C. Go shopping.5.Why did the woman apologize?A.She made a late deliv
3、ery.B.She went to the wrong place.C.She couldnt take the cake back.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6.Whose CD is broken?A.Kathys. B. Mums. C. Jacks.7.What does the boy promise to d
4、o for the girl?A.Buy her a new CD. B. Do some cleaning. C. Give her 10 dollars.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8.What did the man think of the meal?A.Just so-so. B. Quite satisfactory. C. A bit disappointing.9.What was the 15% on the bill paid for?A.The food. B. The drinks. C. The service.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
5、10.Why is the man at the shop?A.To order a camera for his wife.B.To have a camera repaired.C.To get a camera changed.11.What colour does the man want?A.Pink. B. Black. C. Orange.12.What will the man do afterwards?A.Make a phone call. B. Wait until further notice. C. Come again the next day.听第 9 段材料，
6、回答第 13 至 16 题。13.What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?A.Go to a play. B. Stay at home. C. Visit Kingston.14.What is Ariel going to do in Toronto?A.Attend a party. B. Meet her aunt. C. See a car show.15.Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave?A.To call up Betty. B. To buy some DVDs. C.
7、 To pick up Daniel.16.What might be the relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Guide and tourist.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17.Where does Thomas Manning work?A.In the Guinness Company. B. At a radio station. C. In a museum.18Where did the idea of a book of records come fr
8、om?A.A bird-shooting trip. B. A visit to Europe. C. A television talk show.19.When did Sir Hughs first book of records appear?A. In 1875. B. In 1950. C. In 1955.20.What are the two speakers going to talk about next?A.More records of unusual facts.B.The founder of the company.C.The oldest person in t
9、he world.二、阅读理解（本大题共 20 小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AExplore the villages around HartbridgeMany visitors came to Hartbridge to see wonderful art galleries, museums and fantastic parks. This brochure will tell you what you can see if you take a short bus
10、ride out of the city.CamberwellThe historic village of Camberwell was once the home of the wealthy Hugo family, who lived in a huge country house, Camberwell Court, and owned all the land in the area. You can spend a whole day walking around the house and gardens and there is a small exhibition abou
11、t the family, a childrens play area, a gift shop and a restaurant.HidcotHidcot is situated on the river Owell. Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village, where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. In Hidcot, you can take a two-hour river cruise to see the countr
12、yside and learn about the local wildlife from a guide, or hire a boat and explore the river at your leisure.TatterbridgeThe village was home of the childrens writer Jane Potter, whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potters home is now a museum and is
13、 well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potters books should also walk to the Green Valley woods, which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago.MoordaleIt is the highest mountain in the area, where many industries grew up, including the coa
14、l industry, a paper factory and a cotton factory, all of which closed down in the 19th century. If you walk from the village center up the hill to the north, you can still see the paths where horses used to carry the coal. There is a four-mile walk around the village which has some amazing views.1.
15、Which village may have greater attractions for bird lovers?A. HidcotB. MoordaleC. CamberwellD. Tatterbridge2. What do Camberwell and Tatterbridge have in common?A. They run some wonderful childrens bookshops.B. They are the hometowns of some famous writersC. They provide visitors with views of histo
16、ric houses.D. They are well-known for their newly created gardens.3. What do we know about Moordale?A. It used to be an industrial village.B. It is the flattest village of the four.C. It has won popularity for its cotton fields.D. It is a perfect place for people to ride horses.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A【解析
17、】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了哈特布里奇周围的村庄。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Visitors should go to the Nature Park to the south of the village, where there are large numbers of rare birds and flowers. ”（游客应该去村子南边的自然公园，那里有大量的珍稀鸟类和花卉。）可知，Hidcot可能对鸟类爱好者有更大的吸引力。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The historic village of Camberwell was once th
18、e home of the wealthy Hugo family, who lived in a huge country house, Camberwell Court, and owned all the land in the area. ”（历史悠久的坎伯韦尔村曾经是富有的雨果家族的家，他们住在坎伯韦尔庄园的一幢巨大的乡间别墅里，拥有该地区所有的土地。）和第四段“The village was home of the childrens writer Jane Potter, whose stories of Benjamin Bear are loved by adults and
19、 children around the world. Jane Potters home is now a museum and is well worth a visit just for its wonderful gardens. Lovers of Jane Potters books should also walk to the Green Valley woods, which have not changed since Jane Potter wrote her stories there 100 years ago.”（这个村庄是儿童作家简波特的家乡，她写的本杰明熊的故事
20、深受全世界成年人和儿童的喜爱。简波特的家现在是一个博物馆，光是它奇妙的花园就很值得一看。喜欢简波特小说的人也应该去绿谷森林走走，自从100年前简波特在那里写下她的故事以来，这里从未改变过。）可知，这两座山庄都有历史遗迹。故选C。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“It is the highest mountain in the area, where many industries grew up, including the coal industry, a paper factory and a cotton factory, all of which closed down in th
21、e 19th century. ”（这是该地区最高的山，许多工业都在这里发展起来，包括煤炭厂、造纸厂和棉纺厂，所有这些都在19世纪关闭了。）可知，Moordale曾经是一座工业村庄。故选A。BIf you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that dont wither and die, you may have been told you have a green thumb. This is not a medical emergency, but a
22、 slang term meant to show ones natural talent for gardening. But where did the phrase come from?Both green thumb and green fingers have been common expressions in England and the United States for well over a century, with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of green fingers as early as 1906 fr
23、om the novel The Misses make-believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb, meanwhile, was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article, which described the phrase as gardening slang.There are several stories about its origins. Some believe it is a result of growing potted plants, which can
24、often have green algae（藻）on the underside that coat hands. Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas, which were shelled by subservient workersone would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophy
25、ll (叶绿素) which can easily discolour your hands.However the phrase was cultivated, we have a pretty good idea of how it caught on. In the 1940s, wartime Britain enjoyed a popular gardening radio show titled In Your Garden hosted by C.H. Middleton that made use of both green thumb and green fingers.Wh
26、y, then, is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured? It might have something to do with an old English proverb: An honest miller (磨坊主) has a golden thumb. The quality of corn flour could be judged by rubbing it between the forefinger and thumb. Mix
27、ed together in the collective consciousness, these two expressions may have resulted in the green thumb we hear about today.4. What can we learn about the two slang terms from paragraph 2?A. They have different meanings at first.B. Green thumb was preferred by Americans.C. They were first included i
28、n English dictionaries.D. Green fingers appeared earlier in written history.5. The stories about the sources of green thumb are all related to .A. chlorophyll in plantsB. King Edward Is hobbyC. the green algae that grow on potsD. King Edward Is skilled gardeners6. Why is thumb used in the slang gree
29、n thumb rather than other fingers?A. The thumb is raised to show praise.B. Thumb is often used in English sayings.C. People connect the phrase with the golden thumb.D. People think other fingers are useless in gardening.7. What is the best title for the text?A. How did green thumb come to English?B.
30、 Why do westerners prefer the finger thumb?C. Why are gardeners said to have a green thumb?D. Is there a relationship between green thumb and thumb?【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了“green thumb”这一短语的由来，及园艺师被称为“green thumb”的原因。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“with the Oxford English Dictionary citing use of
31、 green fingers as early as 1906 from the novel The Misses make-believe by Mary Stuart Boyd. Green thumb, meanwhile, was used first in 1937 Ironwood Daily Globe newspaper article,”（早在1906年，牛津英语词典就引用了玛丽斯图尔特博伊德的小说假装小姐中的“绿手指”一词。“绿拇指”一词最早出现在1937年铁木日报环球报的一篇文章中，）可知，在有文字记载的历史中，“绿手指”出现得更早。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据
32、文章第三段“ Others point to a story about King Edward I and his love of green peas, which were shelled by subservient workersone would be honoured for doing the most work and having the greenest thumb. There is also the fact that plants contain chorophyll which can easily discolour your hands.”（还有人提到一个关于
33、爱德华一世国王和他对绿豌豆的热爱的故事，这些豌豆被卑躬屈节的工人剥去了壳一个人会因为做了最多的工作和拥有最绿的拇指而被授予荣誉。还有一个事实是，植物含有叶绿素，很容易让你的手变色。）可知，关于“绿拇指”来源的故事都与植物中的叶绿素有关。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“It might have something to do with an old English proverb: An honest miller (磨坊主) has a golden thumb. ”（这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关：“诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。”）可知，在俚语中“绿拇指”中拇指被使用而不是
34、其他手指，是因为人们把这个词与金拇指联系在一起。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段If you like to spend your time up to your elbows in dirt and have the ability to grow plants that dont wither and die, you may have been told you have a green thumb.“But where did the phrase come from?”（如果你喜欢把时间花在泥土中，并且有能力种植不会枯萎和死亡的植物，你可能会被告知你有特殊园艺才能，但
35、是这个短语是从哪里来的呢？）及最后一段“Why, then, is the phrase focused more on the thumb when all of your fingers are likely to get discoloured? It might have something to do with an old English proverb: An honest miller has a golden thumb.”（那么，为什么当你所有的手指都有可能变色的时候，这个短语却更侧重于拇指呢?这可能与一句古老的英国谚语有关：“诚实的磨坊主拥有黄金拇指。”）可知，文章主要讲
36、述了园艺师被称为“绿拇指”的原因。所以短文的最佳标题为“为什么说园艺师被称为“green thumb”?故选C项。CGalapagos Giant tortoises (巨型陆龟), sometimes called Gardeners of the Galapagos, are creatures of habit. In the cold dry season, the highlands of the volcanoes are covered in cloud which allows plants to grow despite the absence of rain. In the
37、 lower areas, however, plants are not available all year round. Adult tortoises thus spend the dry season in the higher areas, and go back to the lower, relatively warmer areas where there are plentiful eatable plants when the rainy season begins. The tortoises often take the same migration routes o
38、ver many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. The timing of this migration is important for keeping their energy levels high.Researchers used GPS to track the timing and patterns of tortoise migration over many years. They expected the migration to be timed with current environmen
39、tal conditions because many other migratory animals do it that way. However, tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. It is unclear at this point whether they are basing their migration decisions on memories of past conditions or if they are simply inc
40、orrectly assessing current local conditions.Luckily, probably because of their long lives of up to 100 years and large body size, bad timing of migration has smaller effects on giant tortoises compared to small, short-lived animals. Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive, whi
41、le other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high.Giant tortoises are important ecosystem engineers in the Galapagos, and their migration is key to the survival of many plants. How the difference in tortoises migration time will affect the rest of the ecosystem is stil
42、l unclear. It is quite possible that the mistiming of migration will keep increasing in the future. One concern is that at some point in the future, says Bastille-Rousseau, lead author of the study, migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tort
43、oises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem.8. What do we know about Galapagos giant tortoises?A. They prefer low temperatures.B. They like living in the highlands.C. They always hate the rainy season.D. They seldom change migration routes.9. What have
44、 researchers found out about the timing of giant tortoise migration?A. The weather has much to do with it.B. It disagrees with current conditions.C. The research has strong effects on it.D. It is decided by the tortoises memories.10. What might help giant tortoises survive the migration at the wrong
45、 time?A. Their restless energy.B. Their different body shape.C. Their habit of eating healthily.D. Their ability to go without food.11. What can we infer from Bastille-Rousseaus words?A. Migration is the only choice for giant tortoises in the future.B. Damage to the ecosystem will reduce the number
46、of giant tortoises.C. Giant tortoise migration plays a major role in Galapagos ecosystem.D. Giant tortoises protect the ecosystem by their different migration time.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟是濒危动物的典型。它们濒临灭绝是因为野生山羊吃了它们食物，破坏了它们的栖息地。这促使自然资源保护者采取行动，帮助它们。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The tor
47、toises often take the same migration routes over many years in order to find perfect plants and temperatures. ”（多年来，为了找到完美的植物和温度，乌龟经常走同样的迁徙路线。）可知，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟很少改变迁徙路线。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However, tortoise migration is weakly related to current conditions such as rain and temperature. ”（然而，龟类的迁移与当前条件
48、如降雨和温度的关系不大。）可知，研究发现，巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟的迁徙时间和当前天气情况不一致。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Giant tortoises can go up to a year without eating and survive, while other migratory animals might eat more often to keep their energy levels high. ”（巨型陆龟可以在一年不进食的情况下生存下来，而其他迁徙动物可能会吃得更多，以保持较高的能量水平。）可知，不吃食物的能力使巨大的加拉帕戈斯陆龟在错误的迁徙时间存活
49、下来。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“migration may not be a perfect strategy for tortoises. There may be a reduction in the number of tortoises doing these long travels. This would likely have great effects on the whole ecosystem.”（对陆龟来说，迁徙可能不是一个完美的策略。进行这些长途旅行的龟的数量可能会减少。这可能会对整个生态系统产生巨大的影响。）可知，巨大陆龟的迁徙对加拉帕戈斯生态起
50、到主要的作用。故选C。【点睛】DArtificial Intelligence (AI) advice is as influential as humans, but positive crowd views still overpower.In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations-or AI experts-were as influential as human experts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should
51、add to their online business profiles. However, both AI and human experts failed to budge them if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users, said S. Shyam Sundar, a professor of Media Effects.Because people are increasingly using social media to look for feedback,
52、studies suggest that expert opinions and the bandwagon effect (从众效应) may be important factors in influencing decisions. According to Jinping Wang, a doctoral candidate in mass communication and first author of the study. Nowadays, we often turn to online platforms for opinions from other people-like
53、 our peers and experts-before making a decision, said Wang. AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.The researchers also found that the AIs group status (群体地位) -in this case, na
54、tional origin was pointed out-did not seem to affect a persons acceptance of its recommendation. Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered
55、 a similar negative rating of a photograph.While findings that suggest group status may not affect whether a person values the view of AI experts sound like good news, Sundar suggests that the same cultural biases (偏见) might still be at work in AI experts for they could be hidden in the programming
56、and training data.It can be both good-and bad-because it all depends on what you feed AI, said Sundar. While it is good to believe in AIs ability to transcend (超越) cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendatio
57、ns on pictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.12. What do the underlined words budge them in paragraph 2 mean?A. Raise their spiritsB. Satisfy their needs.C. Change their ideas.D. Fire their imagination.13. Why do users often turn to AI experts?A. AI experts are more knowledgeable.B. AI ex
58、perts are on hand and cost less.C. AI experts are less influenced by feelings.D. AI experts are so new as to be more attractive.14. Which experts negative assessments is a person more likely to believe?A. An expert who has great achievements in arts.B. An expert with better personality and attitude.
59、C. A foreign expert who is very popular worldwide.D. An expert from countries with similar cultures to his.15. What did Sundar mean by the last paragraph?A. People should have a mind of their own.B. People should be able to tell good from bad.C. People should know AIs hidden cultural biases.D. Peopl
60、e should be trained how to use AI properly.【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在进行推荐建议时，AI专家和人类专家的影响力一样有效。AI专家由于便捷性、低成本受到广泛欢迎，但我们不应该忘记其中隐藏的文化偏见，这取决于人类如何灌输和训练。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“In a study, researchers found that machines that make recommendations-or AI experts-were as influential as human expe
61、rts when the AI experts recommended which photo users should add to their online business profiles. ”（在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人工智能专家建议哪些照片用户应该添加到他们的在线商业资料中时，提出建议的机器或人工智能专家的影响力与人类专家一样大。）及“However.if their feedback was negative and went against popular views among other users”（但是.如果他们的反馈是负面的，并且与其他用户的流行观点相悖）可推测
62、，当反馈是负面的情况下，人工智能和人类专家都不能做出让步，即改变不了人们的观点。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“AI experts are often less expensive than human experts and they can also work 24 hours a day, which, Wang suggests, might make them appealing to online businesses.”（王表示，人工智能专家通常比人类专家更便宜，而且他们可以一天24小时工作，这可能会让他们对在线企业有吸引力。）可知，用户经常寻求AI专家的帮
63、助是因为AI专家便捷并且花费少。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Among human experts, however, an expert from a similar national origin who offered a negative opinion of a photograph tended to be more influential than a human expert from an unknown country who offered a similar negative rating of a photograph.”（然而，在人类专家中，
64、来自相似国家的专家如果对照片给出负面评价，往往比来自未知国家的专家给出相似负面评价的照片更有影响力。）可推测，来自相似文化背景的专家观点更有影响力。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While it is good to believe in AIs ability to transcend cultural biases, we have to keep in mind that if you train the AI on pictures from one culture, they could give misleading recommendations on p
65、ictures meant for use in other cultural contexts.”（虽然相信人工智能能够超越文化偏见是件好事，但我们必须记住，如果你用一种文化的图片来训练人工智能，它们可能会对其他文化背景下使用的图片给出误导性的建议。）由此判断出，Sundar 的意思是人们应该知道人工智能隐藏的文化偏见。故选C项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doctors have successfully kept a heart beating in a container for 24 h
66、ours, bringing hope to thousands of patients across the world in need of a life-saving transplant._16_ However, the game-changing device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods. It provides the heart with oxygen and vital nutrients, allowing more time to transport it.The de
67、vice, named ULiSSES, fits into a carry-on box, so hearts can be flown around the world. _17_ And it is expected to cost under $ 100,000. University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts, which are similar to ours._18_Dr. Rafael Veraza presented the findings on pig hearts at the
68、 annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Seattle._19_ Many years later, it is done much the same way, Dr. Veraza said. Donated hearts generally remain viable (可存活的) for around four hours using traditional preservation methods._20_ Being able to keep a heart viabl
69、e for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world, and this could save many lives.A. It is expected to come into use soon.B. The extra time could bring more hope to patients.C. Usually, a donated heart can only last about four hours.D. It works without being affected by temper
70、ature or air pressure.E. The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were removed.F. The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.G. They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. E
71、【解析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了科学家发明的一种新型“改变游戏规则”的设备，能够使人类心脏存活更久，从而救世界各地需要的人。【16题详解】根据下文“ However, the game-changing device can preserve a heart up to six times longer than existing methods.（然而，这个“改变游戏规则”的设备保存心脏的时间是现有方法的6倍）”可知，此空与心脏保存时间有关。C选项Usually, a donated heart can only last about four hours.”表示通常情况下，一个捐献的心脏只
72、能保持四个小时。与后一句形成对比关系，符合此处语境。故选C项。【17题详解】根据上一句“The device, named ULiSSES, fits into a carry-on box, so hearts can be flown around the world.（这个名为ULiSSES的装置可以装在一个随身携带的盒子里，这样心脏就可以飞到世界各地）”描述心脏是如何保存并捐献到世界各地的。D选项“It works without being affected by temperature or air pressure.（它不受温度或气压的影响）”说明了这个装置的优势，与前一句有意义
73、上的联系，符合此处语境。故选D项。【18题详解】前一句“University of Texas researchers have successfully tested on pig hearts, which are similar to ours.”讲述科学家在猪的心脏上进行测试，并且已经成功。G选项“They plan to test it on human hearts in three months and put it on the market within a year.（他们计划在三个月内在人类心脏上进行测试，并在一年内投放市场）”表示测试的下一步，符合此处语境。故选G项。【
74、19题详解】后一句“Many years later, it is done much the same way（许多年后，还是这样做的）”可知，此处描述保存心脏的方式。F选项“The first heart was transported more than 50 years ago by putting it on ice.（第一个心脏是在50多年前被放在冰上运送的）”中的“50 years ago”与“Many years later”相互对应。故选F项。【20题详解】空处前文“Donated hearts generally remain viable for around four
75、hours using traditional preservation methods.”讲述人类捐献的心脏使用传统方法可以保持4个小时；空后“Being able to keep a heart viable for 24 hours means you could transport it almost anywhere in the world, and this could save many lives.”说明心脏能够保存24小时将能救助更多的生命。E选项“The pig hearts remained viable for 24 hours after they were rem
76、oved.（猪的心脏在被取出后还能存活24小时）”是上文中实验研究的成果，起到承上启下的作用，符合此处语境。故选E项。第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完型填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect
77、 of my life.I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really_21_and even scary sometimes.During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included peoples views about my achievements or my_22_. I wanted everyones praise and acceptance, but I
78、was my own toughest critic (挑剔的人).After I graduated from high school, my_23_to be thin began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by_24_ my food.In the beginning, I felt great attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I didnt see was tha
79、t I was slowly_25_myself.People around me began to_26_my weight loss. They said with concern. Youre losing too much weight. Elisa youre so thin. All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to _27_.Sadly, I took my physical_28_as the first important thing in my life,_29_that it was the w
80、ay to become successful and accepted.Then I cut down on my_30_ more and more, until a_31_day consisted of half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night.But my poor_32_ began to cause me to lose_33_. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldnt sleep, and fel
81、t as though my heart might beat out of my chest. I tried to _34_, but I couldnt. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer_35_. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really_36_, and I knew I needed help. M
82、y roommate rushed me to the _37_, and then I began the long road to my_38_. It took a lot doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements.And more importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got my life back on track with reality. I realized that, with my_39_ of trying to be perfect on the _
83、40_, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are each and every one of us already perfect.21. A. naturalB. easyC. hardD. rapid22. A. performancesB. backgroundsC. scoresD. failures23. A. problemB. desireC. wayD. promise24. A. controllingB. checkingC. collectingD. balancing25.
84、 A. killingB. forgettingC. askingD. questioning26. A. helpB. acceptC. rejectD. notice27. A. perfectionB. devotionC. ambitionD. attention28. A. strengthB. exerciseC. appearanceD. examination29. A. believingB. realizingC. pretendingD. declaring30. A. expenseB. movementC. foodD. travel31. A. pleasantB.
85、 difficultC. typicalD. different32. A. memoryB. nutritionC. knowledgeD. taste33. A. weightB. hopeC. sleepD. heart34. A. relaxB. walkC. cryD. talk35. A. breatheB. resistC. wakeD. remember36. A. scaredB. annoyedC. discouragedD. disappointed37. A. bedB. hospitalC. schoolD. office38. A. gloryB. discover
86、yC. recoveryD. victory39. A. skillB. decisionC. experienceD. deal40. A. wholeB. faceC. mindD. outside【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。作者通过节食减肥追求外表完美，影响到了身体健康。在医院恢复的期间，最终懂得了每个人的内在都是完美的。【详解】1.考查形
87、容词词义辨析。句意：但成长真的很艰难，有时甚至很可怕。A. natural自然的；B. easy容易的；C. hard困难的；D. rapid快速的。根据“and even scary”可知，此处与scary情感色彩一致的形容词为hard“困难的”。故选C项。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年，我经常卷入一些事情，其中包括人们对我的成就或失败的看法。A. performances表现；B. backgrounds背景；C. scores分数；D. failures失败。根据句意，结合下文“but I was my own toughest critic”可知，此处与achievements
88、“成就”对应的是failure“失败”。故选D项。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，我想要“瘦”的愿望开始困扰我。A. problem问题；B. desire愿望；C. way方法；D. promise承诺。根据常识可知， 想要变“瘦”是一种愿望。故选B项。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始通过控制食物来节食。A. controlling控制；B. checking检查；C. collecting收集；D. balancing平衡。根据diet可知，节食，即控制食物。故选A项。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有注意到的是，我正在慢慢地自杀。A. killing杀；B. forgettin
89、g忘记；C. asking问；D. questioning询问。根据倒数第二段“What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down.”可知，节食对我产生了伤害。我正在慢慢地自杀。故选A项。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我周围的人开始注意到我瘦了。A. help帮助；B. accept接受；C. reject拒绝；D. notice注意到。根据“They said with concern.”可知，别人注意到我瘦了。故选D项。7.考查名词词义辨析
90、。句意：他们的话只是在暗示我越来越“完美”了。A. perfection完美；B. devotion贡献；C. ambition野心；D. attention注意力。根据空处的引号及第一段中的perfection可知，们的话只是在暗示我越来越“完美”了。故选A项。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，我把我的外貌作为我生命中最重要的事情，相信这是通向成功和被接受的途径。A. strength力气；B. exercise锻炼；C. appearance外貌；D. examination考试。根据上文作者节食减肥可知，作者认为外貌是最重要的。故选C项。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beli
91、eving相信；B. realizing意识到；C. pretending假装；D. declaring宣称。根据“I took my physical8as the first important thing in my life”可知，作者相信外貌是通向成功和被接受的途径。故选A项。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我越来越少吃食物，直到每天早上吃半茶匙脱脂酸奶，晚上喝一杯葡萄汁。A. expense花费；B. movement移动；C. food食物；D. travel旅行。根据上文作者节食减肥可知，cut down on“削减”的对象应该是food“食物”。故选C项。11.考查形容词词
92、义辨析。句意同上。A. pleasant愉快的；B. difficult困难的；C. typica平常的；D. different不同的。根据“half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night”可知，早上喝半茶匙脱脂酸奶，晚上喝一杯葡萄汁是每天早上的食谱。故选C项。12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的营养不良开始导致我失眠。A. memory记忆力；B. nutrition营养；C. knowledge知识；D. taste口味。根据“until a11day consisted
93、of half a teaspoon of nonfat yogurt in the morning and a cup of grape juice at night.”可知，节食导致了营养不良。故选B项。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. weight体重；B. hope希望；C. sleep睡眠；D. heart心脏。根据 下一句“I couldnt sleep”可以推测，营养不良导致了失眠。故选C项。14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尝试着放松，但是我做不到。A. relax放松；B. walk行走；C. cry哭泣；D. talk交谈。根据前文“and felt as though
94、 my heart might beat out of my chest”推测，作者针对自己不好的状况，应该是尝试着放松。故选A项。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意：心脏跳动得如此之快，如此之猛，以致于我无法呼吸。A. breathe呼吸；B. resist抵抗；C. wake醒来；D. remember记住。根据“The beating became so rapid and so strong”可知，心跳猛烈得作者不能呼吸。故选A项。16.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我真的很害怕，我知道我需要帮助。A. scared害怕的；B. annoyed心烦的；C. discouraged泄气的；D. d
95、isappointed失望的。根据前一句中“immediately fell down”可知，作者站不起来，心里应该是害怕的。故选A项。17.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的室友赶紧把我送到医院，然后我开始了漫长的康复之路。A. bed床；B. hospital医院；C. school学校；D. office办公室。根据语境推测，作者站不起来，室友应该将她送到了医院。故选B项。18.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. glory光荣；B. discovery发现；C. recovery恢复；D. victory胜利。根据下一句“It took a lot doctors, nurses, nutri
96、tionists, food supplements.”推测，到达医院后，作者开始了她的恢复之路。故选C项。19.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，由于我努力追求外表的“完美”的经历，我已经牺牲了内在的我。我现在知道的是，我们我们每一个人已经是完美的了。A. skill技能；B. decision决定；C. experience经历；D. deal交易。根据“trying to be perfect”可知，作者度过了节食变“完美”的经历。故选C项。20.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. whole整个；B. face脸；C. mind思维；D. outside外表。根据全文可知，作者最求的是变
97、瘦，作者的经历是追求外表的完美。故选D项。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Regular exercise can increase your bodys energy consumption and it is also a great way_41_(improve) your productivity and mental focus throughout the day. The increased energy levels that occur as a result of exercise _42
98、_(be) also likely to lead to more active habits throughout the day, such as taking the stairs rather than the lift, or_43_(walk) to speak to workmates instead of emailing. This increased activity will then bring physical and mental benefits.Physical activity can help us to improve the _44_ (long) an
99、d the quality of our sleep, which will in turn make further contributions_45_our health and well being. While there is no absolute figure we should aim for in terms of sleep time, most people will find that they fall somewhere between six to nine hours a night. Quality is_46_(sure) more important th
100、an quantity.Regular physical activity can help us to manage lifes stress much_47_(well) as a distraction technique. As discussed, exercise can help you achieve a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality, both of _48_ are important in managing stress. Also,_49_ is thought that exercis
101、e can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system, which is very_50_ (help) when we are under stress.【答案】41. to improve 42. are 43. walking 44. length 45. to 46. surely 47. better 48. which 49. it 50. helpful【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，说明了规律的体育锻炼和运动带来的益处。【详解】
102、1.考查动词不定式。句意：有规律的锻炼可以增加身体的能量消耗，同时也是提高你一天工作效率和注意力的好方法。improve提高，是动词，此处缺少动词不定式结构to do作way“方法”的后置定语。故填to improve。2.考查主谓一致。句意：由于锻炼而产生的能量水平的增加也可能导致一整天都有更积极的习惯，比如走楼梯而不是电梯，或者走路和同事说话而不是发邮件。分析句子成分可知，空处为句子的谓语be动词。主语为levels，名词复数形式，全文用一般现在时陈述，be动词形式应该是are。故填are。3.考查动名词。句意同上。or后一空与such as后taking为并列成分，此处也要用walk的动
103、名词形式walking。故填walking。4.考查名词。句意：体育活动可以帮助我们改善睡眠的长度和质量，这将反过来有助于我们的健康和幸福。空处与quality作动词improve的并列宾语，用long的对应名词length“长度”。故填length。5.考查介词。句意同上。make contributions to.为固定搭配，意思为：有助于.，为.做出贡献。故填to。6.考查副词。句意：质量当然比数量更重要。此空放在形容词比较级more important前要用副词进行修饰，sure的副词形式为surely。故填surely。7.考查副词比较级。句意：有规律的体育活动作为一种分散注意力的技
104、巧，可以帮助我们更好地管理生活中的压力。此空放在much后且根据句意，要用副词well的比较级形式better。故填better。8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：正如所讨论的，运动可以帮助你获得一个更积极的前景和提高睡眠质量，这两者在管理压力方面都很重要。本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a more positive outlook as well as improving sleep quality两种好处，作定语从句的主语，放在介词of后，用which引导。故填which。9.考查代词。句意：此外，人们认为运动可以帮助提高我们激活大脑和神经系统控制中心的能力，这在我们处于压力时非常有用。观
105、察句子可知，“that exercise can help to improve our ability to activate the control centers in our brain and the nervous system”部分为主语从句部分，空处要用形式主语it指代。故填it。10.考查形容词。句意同上。空处放在is very后，用形容词作表语，help的对应形容词为helpful“有用的”。故填helpful。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作
106、文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。There are a lot researches showing that when we are kind to others, they become happier. In a sense, giving is much more better than recei
107、ving. If you spend time practice three acts of kindness each day, you will improve your level of happiness, especial if you practice such kindness often. An act of kindness can be as simple as holding the door open for someone, buy a classmate a favorite drink in the morning or giving moneys to char
108、ity. You can also call someone in need and offered a friendly ear. It is also an useful choice for you to cook a delicious meal for the family despite being tiring.【答案】1. lot 后加 of 2. theywe 3. 去掉more 4. practicepracticing 5. especialexpecially 6. buy buying 7. moneysmoney 8. offered offer 9. ana 10
109、. tiring tired【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在某种意义上，给予比接受更好，并列举了三件可以做的善事以此来提高自己的幸福水平。【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。a lot of表示“许多的”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，故在lot后加of。2. 考查代词。句意：有很多研究表明，当我们善待他人时，我们会变得更快乐。when we are kind to others的主语是we，根据前后逻辑及语意，后面的主语也应该是we，故将they改为we。3. 考查比较级。句意：在某种意义上，给予比接受更好。better是good的比较
110、级，要修饰better，用程度副词much即可，不用再在前面加more，故去掉more。4.考查固定搭配。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。spend some time (in) doing sth. 表示“花时间做某事”，故将practice改为practicing。5.考查副词。句意：如果你每天花时间做三件善事，你就会提高自己的幸福水平，特别是如果你经常做善事。if引导的条件状语从句，修饰句子需要用副词作状语，故将especial改为especially。6.考查动名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或
111、者给慈善机构捐钱。根据前面的holding和后面的giving可知，buy应该也用i动名词作宾语，故将buy改为buying。7.考查名词。句意：善举可以很简单，比如为别人开门，早上给同学买一杯喜欢的饮料，或者给慈善机构捐钱。money是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将moneys改为money。8.考查动词。句意：你也可以给有需要的人打电话，友好地倾听。情态动词can后接动词原形，and连接的是两个并列动作，故将offered改为offer。9.考查冠词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。useful虽然是以元音字母u开头，但是这里的u是发辅音/ju:/，故将an改为
112、a。10.考查形容词。句意：为家人做一顿美味的饭菜，即使很累，也是一个有用的选择。despite being的主语是you，人作主语，用tired，故将tiring改为tired。第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)52. 假定你是李华，想邀请你的交换生朋友Linda参加学校举办的中国民族舞培训班，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.活动介绍；3.期待回复。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Linda,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Linda,How is everything going? Im
113、 writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school. The details are as follows.With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture, this training course is offered as a perfect opportu
114、nity to experience the beauty of dance in person. By attending the course once a week, you will be able to not only shape your body, but also have a better understanding of Chinese culture. Whats more, there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy, such as appreciating dance masters performance
115、s, attending lectures themed folk dance, to name a few. I guarantee that once you come, you will never regret.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生朋友Linda写封邮件，邀请她参加学校举办的中国民族舞培训班。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式
116、安排所写内容。要求：1. 说明写信目的；2. 进行活动介绍；3. 表达回复期待。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）invite you to participate in; Chinese folk dance organized by our school; as follows; with the intention of; as well as; arouse our interest; as a perfect opportunity; in person; be able to; shape your body; various kinds of; appreciate dance mas
117、ters performances; to name a few第三步：连词成句1.Im writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the training course of Chinese folk dance organized by our school.2.With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture, this training course is offered as
118、 a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.3.Whats more, there will be various kinds of activities to enjoy, such as appreciating dance masters performances, attending lectures themed folk dance, to name a few.4.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意
119、主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表并列补充关系：Whats more, as well as, not onlybut (also)连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 With the intention of adding fun to our school life, as well as arousing our interest in folk culture, this training course is offered as a perfect opportunity to experience the beauty of dance in person.（含有with复合结构和被动语态及to do不定式作后置定语）高分句型2 I guarantee that once you come, you will never regret.（宾语从句中包含条件状语从句）
