1、北京一一中学2020-2021学年度高三三模试题英语试卷本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时间90分钟。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Making My Own BicycleIt was a Saturday morning. James and I were at the Bamboo Bicycle Club, ready for our bamboo bicycle building course.The first step
2、was setting up the structure for holding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were told to _1_ the bamboo to be of use, which was a delicate job. There were several things to _2_. Of course, finding pieces that were the color we wanted was just as important.The rest of the afternoon was spent _3_
3、each piece of the frame into the structure. Bamboo is fairly flexible, and this particular _4_ meant that some adjustments were really necessary. One problem lining up the two chains causes _5_ made our frame useless. Luckily, however, after some careful _6_, we confirmed that it was alright. There
4、was just enough space to fit a wheel.On Sunday morning we returned to the workshop to complete the final _7_. We began to tightly wrap each joint on the frame to keep it _8_ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left now was for it to dry. In a few hours we would be official members
5、 of the Bamboo Bicycle Club.Finally we finished our job. I couldnt wait to _9_ our bicycle to find out what it was really like to ride a bamboo bicycle. It felt just as _10_ as any bicycle, but softer and more relaxed. Now, every time I get on our bicycle, I cant help smiling. It reminds me of when
6、James and I built it and makes me proud of myself.1. A. returnB. coverC. deliverD. select2. A. bring inB. watch forC. take overD. give away3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing4. A. angleB. positionC. qualityD. stage5. A. onlyB. almostC. seldomD. still6. A. checksB. requestsC. preparationsD. li
7、nks7. A. reportB. commandC. judgementD. process8. A. smoothB. heavyC. firmD. slim9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip10. A. complicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Blind boxes are popular with the young people nowadays. Archaeological bli
8、nd boxes _11_ (make) by several museums in China are trending on a major online shopping platform. The idea _12_ (receive) wildly by many fans ever since it was released. Most of the blind boxes are sold out as soon as they are restocked every day. “You dont know how difficult archaeology is until y
9、ouve done it yourself,” a buyer said, expressing her admiration _13_ archaeologists and recommending that everyone try it.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After a two-week-long trip to China, Dar became a skillful user of WeChat, an application that almost every Chinese would use in their daily life
10、. During his stay in Beijing, Dar _14_ (recommend) his family and friends to download WeChat so that they could contact through free WeChat video calls. And via the function of translation, Dar found it easy and efficient _15_ (understand) what his friends were saying. As one of the many Chinese inn
11、ovations nowadays, WeChat is only a glimpse of the energy and _16_ (create) in todays China.C阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smartphones are becoming more and more of a necessity for high school students. Therefore, a discussion was held about _17_ the senior school students should use our smartphon
12、es at school. People _18_ (support) the idea consider it convenient to contact the students parents when necessary. However, people who are against it find some students are addicted to playing the smartphones easily, _19_ effect on their studies is quite worrying. It is even _20_ (bad) that smartph
13、ones can also discourage students will.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节 阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）ASince 1993, Chicken Soup for the Soul has been a socially conscious company that combines storytelling with making the world a better place. We tell the stories of all people through our efforts
14、, always with an eye to furthering unity and understanding, and an appreciation for our differences.Our ProductsBooks: At Chicken Soup for the Soul, we receive thousands of stories every year for our books. These stories are the foundation of everything we do. They have inspired our other products a
15、nd established the values we run our company by. With these stories, our publisher puts out about a dozen new titles every year. Click here to see our over 250 books.Pet Food: Were also inspired by the thousands of stories we receive about the love between pets and people. These stories show that ev
16、ery moment matters between an owner and a pet. Our wholesome pet foods are meant to help you turn your own moments into stories. To learn more about our pet foods, click here.TV and Movies: Stories can be told in a variety of ways and today were branching out to what we call “visual storytelling.” O
17、ur first regular TV show aired weekly beginning October 2015 and our first Chicken Soup for the Soul feature film came out in 2016.Apps: Chicken Soup for the Soul stories have inspired us and were sure they will inspire you, too. Our apps allow you to bring stories with you on the go and share them
18、with friends and family.Facts & Figures The Chicken Soup for the Soul book series of over 250 titles has sold more than 110 million copies nationwide. Our books have been translated into 43 languages have been published in over 100 countries, and have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide. In
19、2004, Chicken Soup for the Soul launched Pet Food, Chicken Soup for the Pet Lovers Soul, which today can be found in over 5,000 independent pet specialty stores. In 2008, Chicken Soup for the Soul became the best-selling trade paperback series of all time. In 2013 Kerner Entertainment agreed to prod
20、uce a film based on Chicken Soup for the Soul.21. From the passage we can know that Pet Food is _.A. a series of stories between pets and peopleB. a sort of value delivered by the pet loversC. a kind of food sold in pet specialty storesD. a set of recipe books for pet owners22. The “facts & figures”
21、 shows that Chicken Soup for the Soul_.A. has developed into a film companyB. has made the world a better placeC. has achieved worldwide successD. has experienced ups and downs23. We probably find this passage_.A. in a travelling guideB. in a science reportC. on the InternetD. on a posterBSomething
22、strange was happening inside LeeAnnes home. During the summer of 2014，14-year-old J.D. had stomach severe pains, but his CT scan found nothing wrong. LeeAnne and her husband lost hair and suffered dizziness and headaches. LeeAnne even lost her eyelashes.In January 2015, the city of Flint sent out a
23、notice that the water supply, switched from the Detroit water system to the Flint River to cut cost, contained high levels of trihalomethanes (三卤甲烷). The notice warned that people with poor immune (免疫的) systems might be at increased risk for liver, kidney, and nervous system problems but emphasized
24、that the water was otherwise safe to drink. Alarmed, LeeAnne researched the water supply and searched the Internet. Then she distributed a fact sheet to city officials, listing the side effects of exposure to trihalomethanes. Then she urged her neighbors to attend city council meetings, where they s
25、hared their health problems. Still, officials insisted the water was safe to drink. So LeeAnne demanded that the city test her water.The results were disturbing. The trihalomethanes were the least of her problems. The lead levels in her water were nearly seven times the legal amount. But the city ma
26、intained her plumbing (管道) was the cause.LeeAnne immediately had her children tested for lead. All the kids showed lead exposure. She read Flints water quality reports and discovered the city wasnt applying the proper corrosion (腐蚀) control standards to its pipes; the standards prevent the metal in
27、pipes from leaching into the water.In March, a follow-up test of LeeAnnes water showed lead levels nearly 27 times higher than the EPAs threshold. LeeAnnes pipes could not be responsible for the high lead levels, since they were plastic.In September, Virginia Tech lab released a report that conclude
28、d the Flint River water was 19 times more corrosive than the Detroit water.The governor eventually admitted the water was unsafe. He ordered that Flints water supply be switched back to Detroits. In Washington, President Barack Obama declared a state of emergency in Flint and ordered federal aid to
29、help the city recover.24. How did LeeAnne react to the city notice?A. She had her children tested for lead.B. She asked the city to replace her pipes.C. She urged the officials to test Flints water.D. She collected side effects of trihalomethanes.25. What is the leading cause of the familys health p
30、roblem?A. The lead in their water.B. Corrosion to their pipes.C. Their poor immune systems.D. Exposure to Trihalomethanes.26. City officials attitude toward the water issue was _.A. unconcernedB. cautiousC. doubtfulD. objective27. What does the story mainly tell us?A. Revealing the truth takes time.
31、B. Nothing can stop a determined heart.C. It takes courage to challenge authority.D. Joint effort is the key to solving problems.CA star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was riven by self-criticism.
32、“Im at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. She has a sense that hours on the field should get her exactly where she needs to go. Many students have similar mental
33、ity. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fail, they are crushed by self-blame. If my achievements are mine to control, they reason, my failures must be entirely my fault, too.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from di
34、scomfort. But there is something else at play: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mindset” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance.
35、 A 2018 analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Suniya Luthar, who argued in a research paper that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communities, “it is not a
36、 lack of motivation and perseverance (毅力) that is the big problem. Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” They push themselves onward in face of impossible goals. A 2007 study found that teens who r
37、efused to give up impossible goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and depression.The cruel reality is that you can do ever
38、ything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things dont go their way, we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning. At Smith College where I teach, students are aske
39、d to explore how setbacks and missteps made them stronger or more effective. We would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. Its often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.28. Why was star athlete trapped by
40、self-blame?A. She broke down during the match.B. She didnt try her best in the match.C. She believed hard work should pay off.D. She thought she should have practiced harder.29. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?A. Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens failure.B. Praising children for
41、effort increases academic performance.C. Children struggle with failure due to parents over-protectionD. Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress.30. According to the author adults should _.A. help students learn from failureB. protect students from discomfortC. reward students f
42、or their hard workD. explore the cause of students failure31. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Effort equals achievement.B. Motivation is the key to success.C. Success is not always under control.D. Effort is more important than ability.DThe biomedical world is flooded i
43、n data. We have a lot of genomic information from mouse to human, precious health measurements from clinical tests, and a large amount of so-called real-world data from insurance companies and drugstores. Using powerful computers, scientists have carefully researched it with some fine results, but i
44、t has become clear that we can learn much more with an assist from artificial intelligence. Over the next decade deep-learning neural networks will likely transform how we look for patterns in data and how research is conducted and applied to human health. This special report explores the future of
45、this new transformation.Right now the biggest assumptions are being placed in the field of drug discovery, and for good reason. The average cost of bringing a new drug to market nearly doubled between 2003 and 2013 to $2.6 billion, and because nine out of ten fail in the final two periods of clinica
46、l tests, most of the money goes to waste. Every large drug company is working with at least one AI-focused start-up to see if it can raise the return on investment.Machine-leaning algorithms（算法）can get through millions of chemical compounds, narrowing the choices for a particular drug target. Perhap
47、s more exciting, AI systemsfree by leading theories and biasescan identify entirely new targets by spotting tiny differences at the level of cells, genes or proteins between a healthy brain and one marked by Parkinsonsdifferences that might avoid or even puzzle a human scientist.That same sharp eyed
48、 ability is also being used to explain medical scans. Some systems can already discover early signs of cancer that might be missed by a radiologist or see things that are simply beyond human capacitysuch as evaluating cardiovascular（心血管）risk from a retinal scan. The Food and Drug Administration is a
49、pproving imaging algorithms at a rapid click. Other AI applications lie a bit further down the road.Will the inefficiencies of todays electronic health records (EHRs) be solved by smart systems that prevent prescribing mistakes and provide early warnings of disease? Some of the worlds biggest tech g
50、iants are working on it.Despite fears that machines will replace humans, most experts believe artificial and human intelligence will work cooperatively. The bigger concern is a shortage of people with both biomedical knowledge and algorithm proficiency. If this human problem can be solved, the key t
51、o creating successful AI applications may depend on the quality and quantity of what we provide them with. “We rely on three things,” says the CEO of one deep-learning start-up. “Data, data and more data.”32. Why do large drug companies work with AI-focused start-up?A. Because it is required by the
52、government to do so.B. Because it helps to explore new medicine with others.C. Because it saves costs for drug companies to explore AL.D. Because its used to check if the return on investment can be increased.33. What is the authors attitude towards the changes that AI has brought to the field of me
53、dicine?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Unclear.34. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Why New Technology Will Change Our LifeB. How Artificial Intelligence Will Analyze DataC. How Artificial Intelligence Will Replace HumansD. How Artificial Intelligence Will Change Medicine第二节（共5
54、小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you love food? Whether youre a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food allergy means that eating
55、certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon. _35_An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in theenvironment. _36_ It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Allergy specialist Dr. Adam
56、 Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.”_37_ Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better food-labeling laws.Resear
57、ch has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. _38_ Dr. Alexandra Santos from Kings College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.”So what might be the cause?
58、 Dr. Santos says the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them. _39_ She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respond. She points out that
59、 its very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location.A. It seems to be more environmental.B. A food allergy can affect you at any age.C. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.D. Yet in fact, food allergies are affecting more and more
60、 of us.E. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food.F. A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but thats not easy.G. We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Shared S
61、ervices Need More ImaginationSuppose you need to drill a hole in the wall to hang an item but do not own a power drill. You may regard it as expensive to buy a power drill and consider renting one. Sharing is the solution. The sharing industry is an emerging, highly flexible economic network that al
62、lows people to share resources, either free or for a fee.The important idea of the sharing industry is that people might only need an item for a relatively short period. The private part of shared services has been moving towards this area since the beginning of the 1980s, and then the public part h
63、as taken note of the benefits and continued for best practice. The United States and Australia among others have had shared services in government since the late 1990s.With the rise of the sharing industry, the best-known shared bikes and shared cars have got a lot of public attention. This kind of
64、transportation is so environmentally-friendly that it is increasingly popular among people in many cities.Of course shared services dont need to be limited to machines. The real pay-off in shared services probably lies in renting out smaller, less heavy items. For example, in todays casual environme
65、nt, you dont need a tie unless youre going to a wedding or a job interview. So some companies would let you pick up a tie when you needed it and only when you needed it. Another example is an umbrella-sharing service. Since visitors dont want to be carrying umbrellas all the way, it would be cheaper
66、 and easier to simply borrow an umbrella on one street corner and drop it off on another.Recently organisations that have centralised their IT functions have begun to take a close look at the technology services that their IT departments provide for customers, evaluating where it makes sense to prov
67、ide technology components. E-mail and scanning (扫描) operations were obvious early candidates. Many organisations are now offering their document-intensive operations as a shared service. There is no doubt that people are calling for the expansion of shared services to more and more areas.40. What is
68、 the sharing industry?41. Why does shared transportation receive attention from people?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.* Shared services are getting increasingly popular for their convenience, but there are still calls for expansion
69、 to wider areas because they are currently restricted to machines.43. Please provide another example of shared services and explain your reason. (about 40 words)第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你是学校篮球队的队员，目前校队正在招收新队员，请给你班交换生Jim写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：1. 介绍球队；2. 告知报名方式和截止日期；3. 询问意向。注意：1. 词数100左右2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词
70、数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua北京一一中学2020-2021学年度高三三模试题英语试卷 答案版本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时间90分钟。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Making My Own BicycleIt was a Saturday morning. James and I were at the Bamboo Bicycle Club, ready for our bamboo bicycle bui
71、lding course.The first step was setting up the structure for holding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were told to _1_ the bamboo to be of use, which was a delicate job. There were several things to _2_. Of course, finding pieces that were the color we wanted was just as important.The rest of
72、the afternoon was spent _3_ each piece of the frame into the structure. Bamboo is fairly flexible, and this particular _4_ meant that some adjustments were really necessary. One problem lining up the two chains causes _5_ made our frame useless. Luckily, however, after some careful _6_, we confirmed
73、 that it was alright. There was just enough space to fit a wheel.On Sunday morning we returned to the workshop to complete the final _7_. We began to tightly wrap each joint on the frame to keep it _8_ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left now was for it to dry. In a few hours
74、we would be official members of the Bamboo Bicycle Club.Finally we finished our job. I couldnt wait to _9_ our bicycle to find out what it was really like to ride a bamboo bicycle. It felt just as _10_ as any bicycle, but softer and more relaxed. Now, every time I get on our bicycle, I cant help smi
75、ling. It reminds me of when James and I built it and makes me proud of myself.1. A. returnB. coverC. deliverD. select2. A. bring inB. watch forC. take overD. give away3. A. fixingB. changingC. leavingD. mixing4. A. angleB. positionC. qualityD. stage5. A. onlyB. almostC. seldomD. still6. A. checksB.
76、requestsC. preparationsD. links7. A. reportB. commandC. judgementD. process8. A. smoothB. heavyC. firmD. slim9. A. chargeB. testC. seekD. equip10. A. complicatedB. accurateC. suitableD. capable【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内
77、单词的正确形式。Blind boxes are popular with the young people nowadays. Archaeological blind boxes _11_ (make) by several museums in China are trending on a major online shopping platform. The idea _12_ (receive) wildly by many fans ever since it was released. Most of the blind boxes are sold out as soon as
78、 they are restocked every day. “You dont know how difficult archaeology is until youve done it yourself,” a buyer said, expressing her admiration _13_ archaeologists and recommending that everyone try it.【答案】11. made 12. has been received 13. forB阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After a two-week-long
79、 trip to China, Dar became a skillful user of WeChat, an application that almost every Chinese would use in their daily life. During his stay in Beijing, Dar _14_ (recommend) his family and friends to download WeChat so that they could contact through free WeChat video calls. And via the function of
80、 translation, Dar found it easy and efficient _15_ (understand) what his friends were saying. As one of the many Chinese innovations nowadays, WeChat is only a glimpse of the energy and _16_ (create) in todays China.【答案】14. recommended 15. to understand 16. creativityC阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
81、。Smartphones are becoming more and more of a necessity for high school students. Therefore, a discussion was held about _17_ the senior school students should use our smartphones at school. People _18_ (support) the idea consider it convenient to contact the students parents when necessary. However,
82、 people who are against it find some students are addicted to playing the smartphones easily, _19_ effect on their studies is quite worrying. It is even _20_ (bad) that smartphones can also discourage students will.【答案】17. whether 18. supporting 19. whose 20. worse第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节 阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项
83、，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）ASince 1993, Chicken Soup for the Soul has been a socially conscious company that combines storytelling with making the world a better place. We tell the stories of all people through our efforts, always with an eye to furthering unity and understanding, and an appreci
84、ation for our differences.Our ProductsBooks: At Chicken Soup for the Soul, we receive thousands of stories every year for our books. These stories are the foundation of everything we do. They have inspired our other products and established the values we run our company by. With these stories, our p
85、ublisher puts out about a dozen new titles every year. Click here to see our over 250 books.Pet Food: Were also inspired by the thousands of stories we receive about the love between pets and people. These stories show that every moment matters between an owner and a pet. Our wholesome pet foods are
86、 meant to help you turn your own moments into stories. To learn more about our pet foods, click here.TV and Movies: Stories can be told in a variety of ways and today were branching out to what we call “visual storytelling.” Our first regular TV show aired weekly beginning October 2015 and our first
87、 Chicken Soup for the Soul feature film came out in 2016.Apps: Chicken Soup for the Soul stories have inspired us and were sure they will inspire you, too. Our apps allow you to bring stories with you on the go and share them with friends and family.Facts & Figures The Chicken Soup for the Soul book
88、 series of over 250 titles has sold more than 110 million copies nationwide. Our books have been translated into 43 languages have been published in over 100 countries, and have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide. In 2004, Chicken Soup for the Soul launched Pet Food, Chicken Soup for the Pe
89、t Lovers Soul, which today can be found in over 5,000 independent pet specialty stores. In 2008, Chicken Soup for the Soul became the best-selling trade paperback series of all time. In 2013 Kerner Entertainment agreed to produce a film based on Chicken Soup for the Soul.21. From the passage we can
90、know that Pet Food is _.A. a series of stories between pets and peopleB. a sort of value delivered by the pet loversC. a kind of food sold in pet specialty storesD. a set of recipe books for pet owners22. The “facts & figures” shows that Chicken Soup for the Soul_.A. has developed into a film compan
91、yB. has made the world a better placeC. has achieved worldwide successD. has experienced ups and downs23. We probably find this passage_.A. in a travelling guideB. in a science reportC. on the InternetD. on a poster【答案】21. A 22. C 23. CBSomething strange was happening inside LeeAnnes home. During th
92、e summer of 2014，14-year-old J.D. had stomach severe pains, but his CT scan found nothing wrong. LeeAnne and her husband lost hair and suffered dizziness and headaches. LeeAnne even lost her eyelashes.In January 2015, the city of Flint sent out a notice that the water supply, switched from the Detro
93、it water system to the Flint River to cut cost, contained high levels of trihalomethanes (三卤甲烷). The notice warned that people with poor immune (免疫的) systems might be at increased risk for liver, kidney, and nervous system problems but emphasized that the water was otherwise safe to drink. Alarmed,
94、LeeAnne researched the water supply and searched the Internet. Then she distributed a fact sheet to city officials, listing the side effects of exposure to trihalomethanes. Then she urged her neighbors to attend city council meetings, where they shared their health problems. Still, officials insiste
95、d the water was safe to drink. So LeeAnne demanded that the city test her water.The results were disturbing. The trihalomethanes were the least of her problems. The lead levels in her water were nearly seven times the legal amount. But the city maintained her plumbing (管道) was the cause.LeeAnne imme
96、diately had her children tested for lead. All the kids showed lead exposure. She read Flints water quality reports and discovered the city wasnt applying the proper corrosion (腐蚀) control standards to its pipes; the standards prevent the metal in pipes from leaching into the water.In March, a follow
97、-up test of LeeAnnes water showed lead levels nearly 27 times higher than the EPAs threshold. LeeAnnes pipes could not be responsible for the high lead levels, since they were plastic.In September, Virginia Tech lab released a report that concluded the Flint River water was 19 times more corrosive t
98、han the Detroit water.The governor eventually admitted the water was unsafe. He ordered that Flints water supply be switched back to Detroits. In Washington, President Barack Obama declared a state of emergency in Flint and ordered federal aid to help the city recover.24. How did LeeAnne react to th
99、e city notice?A. She had her children tested for lead.B. She asked the city to replace her pipes.C. She urged the officials to test Flints water.D. She collected side effects of trihalomethanes.25. What is the leading cause of the familys health problem?A. The lead in their water.B. Corrosion to the
100、ir pipes.C. Their poor immune systems.D. Exposure to Trihalomethanes.26. City officials attitude toward the water issue was _.A. unconcernedB. cautiousC. doubtfulD. objective27. What does the story mainly tell us?A. Revealing the truth takes time.B. Nothing can stop a determined heart.C. It takes co
101、urage to challenge authority.D. Joint effort is the key to solving problems.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A 27. BCA star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was riven by self-criticism. “Im at peak fitness, and I
102、 practice hard. How is this happening?” She asked.This student believes she should be able to control the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work. She has a sense that hours on the field should get her exactly where she needs to go. Many students have similar mentality. When they win, they f
103、eel powerful and smart. When they fail, they are crushed by self-blame. If my achievements are mine to control, they reason, my failures must be entirely my fault, too.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is som
104、ething else at play: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mindset” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. A 2018 analysis found tha
105、t while praising effort over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Suniya Luthar, who argued in a research paper that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker communities, “it is not a lack of motivation and pe
106、rseverance (毅力) that is the big problem. Instead, it is unhealthy perfectionism, and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the desire for achievements is over the top.” They push themselves onward in face of impossible goals. A 2007 study found that teens who refused to give up impossib
107、le goals showed higher levels of C-reaction protein, a marker of systemic inflammation (全身炎症) linked to heart disease and other medical conditions. A 2014 study showed a connection between the perfectionist tendencies and depression.The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your power and s
108、till fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things dont go their way, we adults should help students pursue success in healthier ways in part by redefining failure as a feature, not a bug, of learning. At Smith College where I teach, students are asked to explore how setbacks
109、and missteps made them stronger or more effective. We would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching (意外打击) us when we least expect it. Its often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.28. Why was star athlete trapped by self-blame?A. She broke do
110、wn during the match.B. She didnt try her best in the match.C. She believed hard work should pay off.D. She thought she should have practiced harder.29. What can we learn from Paragraph 5?A. Lack of motivation and perseverance leads to teens failure.B. Praising children for effort increases academic
111、performance.C. Children struggle with failure due to parents over-protectionD. Unhealthy perfectionism causes physical and emotional stress.30. According to the author adults should _.A. help students learn from failureB. protect students from discomfortC. reward students for their hard workD. explo
112、re the cause of students failure31. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Effort equals achievement.B. Motivation is the key to success.C. Success is not always under control.D. Effort is more important than ability.【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. CDThe biomedical world is flooded
113、in data. We have a lot of genomic information from mouse to human, precious health measurements from clinical tests, and a large amount of so-called real-world data from insurance companies and drugstores. Using powerful computers, scientists have carefully researched it with some fine results, but
114、it has become clear that we can learn much more with an assist from artificial intelligence. Over the next decade deep-learning neural networks will likely transform how we look for patterns in data and how research is conducted and applied to human health. This special report explores the future of
115、 this new transformation.Right now the biggest assumptions are being placed in the field of drug discovery, and for good reason. The average cost of bringing a new drug to market nearly doubled between 2003 and 2013 to $2.6 billion, and because nine out of ten fail in the final two periods of clinic
116、al tests, most of the money goes to waste. Every large drug company is working with at least one AI-focused start-up to see if it can raise the return on investment.Machine-leaning algorithms（算法）can get through millions of chemical compounds, narrowing the choices for a particular drug target. Perha
117、ps more exciting, AI systemsfree by leading theories and biasescan identify entirely new targets by spotting tiny differences at the level of cells, genes or proteins between a healthy brain and one marked by Parkinsonsdifferences that might avoid or even puzzle a human scientist.That same sharp eye
118、d ability is also being used to explain medical scans. Some systems can already discover early signs of cancer that might be missed by a radiologist or see things that are simply beyond human capacitysuch as evaluating cardiovascular（心血管）risk from a retinal scan. The Food and Drug Administration is
119、approving imaging algorithms at a rapid click. Other AI applications lie a bit further down the road.Will the inefficiencies of todays electronic health records (EHRs) be solved by smart systems that prevent prescribing mistakes and provide early warnings of disease? Some of the worlds biggest tech
120、giants are working on it.Despite fears that machines will replace humans, most experts believe artificial and human intelligence will work cooperatively. The bigger concern is a shortage of people with both biomedical knowledge and algorithm proficiency. If this human problem can be solved, the key
121、to creating successful AI applications may depend on the quality and quantity of what we provide them with. “We rely on three things,” says the CEO of one deep-learning start-up. “Data, data and more data.”32. Why do large drug companies work with AI-focused start-up?A. Because it is required by the
122、 government to do so.B. Because it helps to explore new medicine with others.C. Because it saves costs for drug companies to explore AL.D. Because its used to check if the return on investment can be increased.33. What is the authors attitude towards the changes that AI has brought to the field of m
123、edicine?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Unclear.34. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Why New Technology Will Change Our LifeB. How Artificial Intelligence Will Analyze DataC. How Artificial Intelligence Will Replace HumansD. How Artificial Intelligence Will Change Medicine【答案】3
124、2. D 33. A 34. D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do you love food? Whether youre a foodie or someone who just likes eating, there is so much to choose from. We know that too much of the wrong kind of food can be bad for our health, but for some people having a food alle
125、rgy means that eating certain things can actually be harmful. Such cases may seem uncommon. _35_An allergy is caused by the immune (免疫的) system fighting substances in theenvironment. _36_ It means that people have to follow strict dietary restrictions, otherwise their lives may be put at risk. Aller
126、gy specialist Dr. Adam Fox says “if you look back over, say, 30 or 40 years there are much more serious allergic problems around now than there were.”_37_ Last year a teenager died after suffering an allergic reaction from eating a piece of bread containing peanuts. This led to a call for better foo
127、d-labeling laws.Research has found that this problem is particularly affecting children. _38_ Dr. Alexandra Santos from Kings College London says “food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.”So wh
128、at might be the cause? Dr. Santos says the increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them. _39_ She adds that possible factors are pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to bacteria, which change how our immune systems respon
129、d. She points out that its very common for migrants who move to another country to develop food allergies in their new location.A. It seems to be more environmental.B. A food allergy can affect you at any age.C. Food allergies can cause life-threatening reactions.D. Yet in fact, food allergies are a
130、ffecting more and more of us.E. More and more of them are having allergic reactions to certain food.F. A lot of work is being done to try and find a cure, but thats not easy.G. We often hear about people having allergies to dairy products or to nuts.【答案】35. D 36. C 37. G 38. E 39. A第四部分：书面表达（共两节，32分
131、）第一节阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Shared Services Need More ImaginationSuppose you need to drill a hole in the wall to hang an item but do not own a power drill. You may regard it as expensive to buy a power drill and consider renting one. Sharing is the solution. The sharing industry i
132、s an emerging, highly flexible economic network that allows people to share resources, either free or for a fee.The important idea of the sharing industry is that people might only need an item for a relatively short period. The private part of shared services has been moving towards this area since
133、 the beginning of the 1980s, and then the public part has taken note of the benefits and continued for best practice. The United States and Australia among others have had shared services in government since the late 1990s.With the rise of the sharing industry, the best-known shared bikes and shared
134、 cars have got a lot of public attention. This kind of transportation is so environmentally-friendly that it is increasingly popular among people in many cities.Of course shared services dont need to be limited to machines. The real pay-off in shared services probably lies in renting out smaller, le
135、ss heavy items. For example, in todays casual environment, you dont need a tie unless youre going to a wedding or a job interview. So some companies would let you pick up a tie when you needed it and only when you needed it. Another example is an umbrella-sharing service. Since visitors dont want to
136、 be carrying umbrellas all the way, it would be cheaper and easier to simply borrow an umbrella on one street corner and drop it off on another.Recently organisations that have centralised their IT functions have begun to take a close look at the technology services that their IT departments provide
137、 for customers, evaluating where it makes sense to provide technology components. E-mail and scanning (扫描) operations were obvious early candidates. Many organisations are now offering their document-intensive operations as a shared service. There is no doubt that people are calling for the expansio
138、n of shared services to more and more areas.40. What is the sharing industry?41. Why does shared transportation receive attention from people?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.* Shared services are getting increasingly popular for the
139、ir convenience, but there are still calls for expansion to wider areas because they are currently restricted to machines.43. Please provide another example of shared services and explain your reason. (about 40 words)【答案】40. The sharing industry is an economic network that allows people to share reso
140、urces, either free or for a fee. 41. Because it offers environmentally-friendly means of transportation to people in cities. 42. Shared services are getting increasingly popular for their convenience, but there are still calls for expansion to wider areas because they are currently restricted to mac
141、hines.According to the passage, presently shared services include not only machines but also smaller, less heavy items, such as ties and umbrellas. 43. (1) Sharing books is a good type of shared services. People can share and read the books they like without pay or with only a little money, so that
142、they will improve their knowledge and enrich their life. Thus I think it is well worth spreading.(2) Sharing platforms is a good type of shared services. For example, resources can be shared there. Another example is that in a community, old people can learn how to use computers and smartphones with
143、 the help of it. Thus I think it is well worth spreading.第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你是学校篮球队的队员，目前校队正在招收新队员，请给你班交换生Jim写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：1. 介绍球队；2. 告知报名方式和截止日期；3. 询问意向。注意：1. 词数100左右2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim, I am writing to tell you that our schools basketball team is recru
144、iting new members. I know youre very good at playing basketball. Why not take this opportunity to join our school team? Some details about the team are as follows.The coaching team is very professional and our school team has won many awards in various competitions. We have regular training for about two hours on the playground after school every Friday. If you want to apply for the membership, you are required to fill in the application form and submit it to the school sports office by this Friday.Are you interested? If you need any help, I would be very glad to help.Yours,Li Hua
