1、河南省南阳市2014届高考英语阅读理解应试点睛Eating foods high in trans-fats (fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food.) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Resear
2、chers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness. Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, non
3、e of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers. “Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the
4、 head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.” The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these produ
5、cts are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression. The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fatsmaking up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “D
6、espite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats
7、 is around 2.5 percent.” The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the authors, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where
8、 we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.” 71. What s the best title of the text? A. Junk Food and DepressionB. Depression PreventionC. Typ
9、es of Fats and DepressionD. Depression Research72. Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression? A. Fish.B. Vegetable oil.C. Olive oil.D. Butter. 73. The study tells us that _. A. 2.5% Americans suffer mental illnessB. l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took partC. a minority of parti
10、cipants became new sufferersD. l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle74. The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to_. A. obtainedB. chosenC. separatedD. preserved75. More and more Westerners are suffering depression because_. A. they have less time for exerciseB
11、. they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fishC. the sources of fats in their diets have changedD. less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets【参考答案】2. 71-75 ADCAC阅读理解-AWhen I was younger, bedtime was always my favourite part of the day. Wearing soft pajamas and with Ian, my stuffed monke
12、y, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.I named Ian after my uncle when I compared Ians long arms and legs to his. One night I ran up to Uncle Ian at a family party and told him I had named my monkey after him. His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion, then a chuckle（哈哈笑）escaped his lips. I guess he didn
13、t understand how important it was to me.Even if Uncle Ian didnt think my monkey was special, I certainly did. I dressed him in a white baby nightgown. My mother thought that Ian was the best-dressed stuffed animal in the world. Yes, he was certainly a fashionable creature. The strong cologne（科隆香水）I
14、used on him years ago makes him still smell “pretty”.For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me. He was my best friend, and I told him everything. But when I turned twelve, I realized I was too old for stuffed animals. I thought people would think I was babyish, so I put him in the cupboard with t
15、he rest of my teddy bears and dolls. I begged him to understand why I was doing this, but at the same time I longed to talk to him again.It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Ian. I know now that maturity（成熟）doesnt only mean growing up and taking on more responsibility. It also
16、means holding on to your childhood and acting young sometimes.Ian has been with me since I was six years old holding him in my arms connects me to my past and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?ABedtime used to be the wr
17、iters favourite part of the day because of the stuffed monkey.B. Uncle Ian liked the stuffed monkey as much as the writer.C. The writer used to carry the monkey with her wherever she went.D. Years later the writer realized that it was not wrong to miss Monkey Ian.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第一段 “bedtime was
18、 always my favourite part of the day. .my stuffed monkey, in my arms, I felt no pressure at all.”可知，A选项正确。由第四段首句 “For a long time, Ian went everywhere with me.” 可知，C选项正确。由倒数第二段首句 “It took me several years to realize that it was OK to miss Ian.” 可知，D选项正确。 结合第二段和该段的 “His eyebrows wrinkled in confusion
19、, then a chuckle escaped his lips. I guess he didnt understand how important it was to me.” 可知，Uncle Ian 对于我用他的名字为我的玩具猴命名感到迷惑，但是他并不知道玩具猴对我有多重要，因此可推断，Uncle Ian并不是和作者一样喜欢玩具猴。B选项不符合文意，故选择B。2. The writer loved Monkey Ian deeply because _.A. he could understand her B. he was a fashionable monkeyC. he cou
20、ld talk with her D. he was her most honest listener 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由第四段 “He was my best friend, and I told him everything.” 可以推断，玩具猴是作者最忠实的听众。故答案为D。3. We can learn from the text that the writer believes _.A. keeping stuffed animals is babyishB. maturity doesnt mean growing up and taking on more
21、responsibilityC. one should keep to his childhood and act young sometimes even when he has grown upD. human beings should be kind to animals 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段可知，作者几年后才意识到想念玩具Ian 是没有错的。他懂得了成熟不仅仅意味着长大和承担责任，成熟也意味着怀念童年并有时候表现得稚气也无妨。故可推断，C选项符合文意。A选项与文意相反；B选项没有了 “only” ，意思就与原文相反；D选项未提及。4. We can infe
22、r from the text that _.A. the writer is still a teenager B. the writer is now a middle-aged womanC. Monkey Ian got angry for being left alone DUncle Ian has a monkey-like face答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题，要求推断作者的年龄。结合文章第一段首句 “When I was younger” 和最后一段 “and my present as I continue to grow and understand myself.”
23、 可以推断，作者继续在成长并开始懂得自己，现在应该是个青少年。故答案为A。社会生活类Tens of thousands of theatre tickets will be given away to young people next year as part of a government campaign to inspire a lifelong love for theatre.The plan to offer free seats to people aged between 18 to 26funded with 2. 5 million of taxpayers moneyw
24、as announced yesterday by Andy Burnham, the Culture Secretary. It received a cautious welcome from some in the arts world, who expressed concern that the tickets may not reach the most underprivileged. The plan comes as West End theatres are enjoying record audiences, thanks largely to musicals team
25、ing up with television talent shows. Attendances reached 13. 6 million in 2007, up 10 percent on 2006, itself a record year. Total sales were up 18 percent on 2006 to almost 470 million. One theatre source criticised the Governments priorities (优先考虑的事)in funding free tickets when pensioners were str
26、uggling to buy food and fuel, saying:“I dont know why the Governments wasting money on this. The Young Vic, as The times reported today, offers excellent performances at cheap prices.”There was praise for the Governments plan from Dominic Cooke of the Royal Court Theatre, who said:“I support any mov
27、e to get young people into theatre, and especially one that aims to do it all over England, not just in London.”Ninety-five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the two-year plan. In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 26-year-olds, first-com
28、e, first-served. It is likely to be on Mondays, traditionally a quiet night for the theatre. Mr. Burnham said:“A young person attending the theatre can find it an exciting experience, and be inspired to explore a new world. But sometimes people miss out on it because they fear its not for them. Its
29、time to change this perception.”Jeremy Hunt, the Shadow Culture Secretary, said:“The real issue is not getting enthusiastic children into the theatre, but improving arts education so that more young people want to go in the first place. For too many children theatres are a no-go area.”1. Critics of
30、the plan argued that.A. the theatres would be overcrowdedB. it would be a waste of moneyC. pensioners wouldnt get free ticketsD. the government wouldnt be able to afford it2. According to the supporters, the plan should.A. benefit the television industryB. focus on producing better playsC. help incr
31、ease the sales of ticketsD. involve all the young people in England3. Which of the following is TRUE about the plan? A. Ninety-five theatres have received funding.B. Everyone will get at least one free ticket.C. It may not benefit all the young people.D. Free tickets are offered once every day.4. We
32、 can infer from the passage that in England.A. many plays are not for young peopleB. many young people dont like theatreC. people know little about the planD. children used to receive good arts education5. According to the passage, the issue to offer free tickets to young people seems.A. controversi
33、al B. inspiringC. exciting D. unreasonable【参考答案】57.1-5 BDCBA 阅读理解-B“The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium（千年）, was made up of three parts“The Fellowship of the Ring”, “Two Towers”, and “The Return of the King”. Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25
34、different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.John Ronald Reuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby
35、 that led to Tolkiens becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever, he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in 1930s at Oxford, Tolkie
36、n was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon listening to chapters of Tolkiens imaginative work “The Hobbit”.Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English ru
37、ral（乡村的）class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them, Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves（侏儒）. On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.One of Tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publ
38、isher Allen & Unwin, to look at a draft（草稿）. The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and “The Hobbit” was published in 1937.It sold so well t
39、hat Unwin asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced “The Lord of the Rings”, a series of books so creative that they hold readersnew and old after their publication.1. What can we learn from the text?A. “The Lord of the Rings” didnt sell well in the last millenniu
40、m.B. People know better about Tolkien himself than about his works.C. Tolkien was quite familiar with Old English.D. Tolkien knew very well about different kinds of local languages in Africa. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第一段首句 “The Lord of the Rings”, one of the best sellers in the new millennium.”可知，A选项错误。由第一
41、段后面的 “Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 可知，B选项错误。由第二段内容可知，Tolkien 出生于南非，幼时丧父母，与aunt 住在英格兰，和表兄妹们一起玩耍的经历养成了对Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo-Saxon.的热爱，也使得
42、Tolkien能够熟练掌握它们。故可推断，Tolkien在英格兰长大，熟悉的不会是非洲本土语言，应该是英语，文章提到那些语言自然就是古英语了。故答案C正确。2. What can we learn about “Hobbit” that Tolkien created in his works?A. Hobbit was a race living in English downtown areas.B. Hobbit was a local people who were very tall and strong.C. Hobbit was a social group of people
43、who lived in old castles.D. Hobbit was a group of people who were mostly dwarves. 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。由文章第四段 “Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for a local people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural class. Hobbits live in hillside holes.” 可知，A、B、C均不正确。由“half-sized”
44、可推断，Hobbit 中的大多数人是侏儒。故答案为D。3. Which of the following helped most in making “The Hobbit” published?A. One of Tolkiens students.B. Stanley Unwins son.C. Allen & Unwin.D. Bilbo Baggins. 答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。尽管文章倒数第二段首句提到 “One of Tolkiens students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwin, to look at
45、a draft .” 但是后文又提到 “ The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwin, thought that the best judge for a childrens book would be his ten-year-old son” 故可以推断，对于The Hobbit的出版起着决定作用的应该是Stanley Unwins son。故答案为B。4. What is mainly discussed in the text?A. “The Lord of the Rings” and its writer.B. A completely new
46、masterwork in the new millennium.C. A famous professor at Oxford University.D. The power of the magic ring. 答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的中心。由第一段最后一句 “but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative materwork.” 和文章后面的内容可知，本文主要介绍The Lord of the Rings 和其作者。故答案为A。5. Which of the f
47、ollowing shows the right order of Mr. J.R.R.Tolkiens life experience?a. He had his “The Hobbit” published.b. He became a member of the Inklings.c. He served in World Ward. He became an undergraduate at Oxford.e. His work “The Lord of the Rings” came to the world.f. He moved to England to live with his aunt.A. f-d-b-c-a-eB. f-d-c-b-a-eC. f-c-d-b-e-aD. d-f-c-a-b-e 答案解析：答案为B。结合全文可知答案为B。
