1、虚拟语气一、基础达标训练1He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing_(happen). 【答案】had happened【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得好像什么都没发生过似的。分析句子可知，空处考查as if引导的虚拟语气。根据句中的messed可知，as if引导的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气（as if +主语+过去完成时）。故填had happened。2It is suggested that another school _ (set) up in our city.【答案】(should) be
2、 set【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：有人建议在我们城市再建一所学校。suggest作“建议”讲时，其后的宾语从句要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。分析句子可知，another school 与set up为动宾关系，所以此处set up要用被动形式。故填(should) be set。3I dont know why she is looking at me as if she_(know) me. Ive never seen her before. 【答案】knew【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不知道她为什么看着我，好像她认识我似的。 我以前从没见过她。此处
3、为as if引导的方式状语从句，且结合上文“I dont know why she is looking at me”可知表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填knew。4The food might _(deliver) successfully to you if the delivery man hadnt been involved in an accident. 【答案】have been delivered【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果送外卖的人没有发生意外的话，食物可能已经成功送到你那里了。分析句子结构可知，这里考查if引导的条件句的虚拟，根据后半句可知，这是对过去情况
4、的虚拟，主句应用might have done，且deliver与主语之间的关系为被动，所以应填have been delivered。故填have been delivered。5I would rather you _ (sit) in the classroom to listen to the teacher yesterday.【答案】had sat【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿你昨天坐在教室里听老师讲课。 would rather之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气，且根据后文yesterday可知表示过去不能实现的愿望时，从句谓语动词用“had+过去
5、分词”。故填had sat。6He has left for Beijing. How I wish I _ (see) him off at the station, but I was too busy.【答案】had seen【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他已经去北京了。 我多么希望我曾到车站送过他，但是我太忙了。 wish表示“但愿，要是就记了”，后面接宾语从句，表示不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，根据后文I was too busy可知，表示过去不能实现的愿望时，从句谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。故填had seen。7Its time that we _ (go) to
6、the railway station. 【答案】went【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们该去火车站了。Its time that后的从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词通常用一般过去式。故填went。8Its requested that the experiment referred to _ (conduct) in the newly built scientific center. 【答案】(should) be conducted【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求上述实验必须在新建的科学中心进行。referred to 是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰experiment。动词request意为“建
7、议”，其后的宾语从句中要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。宾语从句主语the experiment与谓语动词conduct为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。故填(should) be conducted。9We insisted they _(not be) present at such meeting. 【答案】(should) not be【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们坚持他们不应该出席这样的会议。insist作“坚持”讲时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语构成为(should)+ 动词原形。故填(should) not be。10If I _(have) mor
8、e time now, I would learn another foreign language. 【答案】had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我现在有更多的时间，我将学习另一门外语。根据时间状语“now”可知，此处表示对现在事实的虚拟，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般过去时。故填had。11If it should rain tomorrow, I _(stay) at home.【答案】would/could/might/should stay【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：万一明天下雨，我就呆在家里。根据“If it should rain tomorrow”可知，此处是对与将来事实相反
9、的虚拟语气，所以主句应用“would/could/might/should+动词原形”。故填would/could/might/should stay。12If he _( follow) my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. 【答案】had followed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听了我的建议，他就不会丢了工作。该句是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，主句用would/could/might+ have done，从句中用过去完成。故填had followed。13He suggested we _(start) off earl
10、y the next day.【答案】(should) start【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们第二天一早出发。suggest（建议）后面为省略了that的宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用（should）do。故填(should) start。14He said that he would have another try if he _(have) the chance. 【答案】had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他说如果有机会他会再试一次。本句是由if引导的条件虚拟句，he would have another try if he (have) the chance主句用了
11、would +动词原形（would have），说明与现在事实相反，if从句用一般过去时。故填had。15Certain that a terrible disaster was coming, she insisted that they_(talk) to a safety officer. 【答案】talk【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她确信一场可怕的灾难即将来临，坚持要他们和安全官员谈谈。动词 insist表“坚持要求”时，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“(should) +动词原形”，动词talk用原形。故填talk。16Had I known what the problem w
12、as, we could _ (address) it. 【答案】have addressed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道问题是什么，我们就能解决了。在if引导的非真实条件句中，当从句表示和过去事实相反时，从句时态要用had done，主句要用could have done。应用中从句可以省略if，把助动词had提到主语之前。分析句子可知，本句使用了省略if的虚拟语气，结合空白前could，所以此处填have addressed。故填have addressed。17The report urged that all children_(teach) to swim. 【答案】(sh
13、ould) be taught【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这份报告呼吁所有的孩子都要学会游泳。urge“敦促，催促”后接宾语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，即谓语部分用“（should）+动词原形”，动词teach和主语children之间是被动关系，故填(should) be taught。18We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _(visit) more places of interest yesterday.【答案】would have visited【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在那个小村庄迷了路，否则昨天我们就参观了更
14、多的名胜了。此处otherwise的意思是“否则，要不然的话”，句子用虚拟语气，结合语境和lost可知，与过去事实相反，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句的主句部分，所以谓语部分用would have done。故答案为would have visited。19She could have been a brilliant pianist if she _(put) her mind to it. 【答案】had put【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她用心的话，她本可以成为一名出色的钢琴家。根据主句“She could have been a brilliant pianist”可知，此处表示与过去
15、事实相反的假设，从句谓语用had done，故填had put。20It is commanded that the project _ (start) without delay. 【答案】be started【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：按照命令，这项工程必须立即开始。It is commanded that 中，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语；command后的主语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略；主语the project和start之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用情态动词的被动语态。故填be started。21How I r
16、egret not accepting your advice! _ I taken your advice, I wouldnt have made such a mistake. 【答案】Had【详解】考查虚拟语气/倒装句。句意：我真后悔没有接受你的劝告!如果我听了你的劝告，我就不会犯这样的错误了。根据分析句子及语意，可知此处应是虚拟语气引起的部分倒装，与过去事实相反，应用had+过去分词，had提前到主语I之前。故填Had。22The woman was standing there as if she _ (be) a statue. 【答案】were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：那个女
17、人站在那里，仿佛她是一尊雕像。as if好像，引导与客观事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，be动词用were。根据句意，故填were。23He talks as if he _ (be) to many countries around the world. Dont be taken in by his fancy words. 【答案】had been【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他说起话来好像去过世界上许多国家似的。不要被他的花言巧语所迷惑。as if引导方式状语从句，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，有时用虚拟语气，此处结合语境可知表示与过去事实相反的假
18、设，用过去完成时。故填had been。24In my opinion, it is important that we_ value our friends instead of phones in our real life. 【答案】should【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在我看来，在现实生活中，我们应该重视朋友而不是手机，这一点很重要。在Itisimportantthat.句式中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should +动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should在美国英语中通常省略。故填should。25If your kids say they have to skip
19、 chores because its time they _(deal) with their homework, youd better not let them off the book. 【答案】dealt/ should deal【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：如果你的孩子说他们必须跳过家务活，因为他们该做家庭作业了，你最好不要让他们离开书本。 its time 后的定语从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用一般过去时或should +动词原形。故填dealt/ should deal。26Tim recommended that his sister _ (do) some researc
20、h and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain. 【答案】should do/do【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：Tim建议他姐姐做些调查，再去咨询牙医了解健康的糖果含有什么成分。分析句子可知，上文主句谓语动词recommended(建议)，其宾语从句谓语动词应使用虚拟语气should do，should 可省略。该空所给词do在宾语从句中做谓语动词。故填should do/do。27If there _ (be) no modern telecommunications, we would have to wai
21、t for weeks to get news from around the world.【答案】were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有现代的通信，我们将会等上几周的时间才能得到来自世界的新闻。对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用一般过去时，be动词用were。主句用would/ should/ might/ could +动词原形。根据句意，故填were。28Environmentalists advocate that some measures _(take) to protect the environment. 【答案】(should) be taken【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句
22、意：环保主义者建议采取一些措施来保护环境。advocate表示“建议”时，后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气，形式为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略，此处 measures与take构成被动关系，故填(should) be taken。29As it turned out to be a small house party, we_(情态动词+not dress up) so formally. 【答案】neednt have dressed up【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：正如结果所显示的那样，这是一个小型家庭聚会，我们本不必打扮得如此正式。根据提示及句意可知，此句是虚拟语气。根据从句
23、中的动词turned可知，时态是一般过去时，说明是对过去的虚拟。主句应使用情态动词+have+done。根据句意可知，情态动词应表示“不必”，故填neednt have dressed up。30The chairman of the meeting requested that the reports_ (consider) fully. 【答案】(should) be considered【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：会议的主席要求充分考虑这些报告。动词request意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句中要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略；另宾语从句主语the repor
24、ts与谓语动词consider为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。故填(should) be considered。31If their new safety system _ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 【答案】had been put【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们使用了新的安全系统，事故就不会发生了。根据句意可知句子是对过去发生事情的假设，本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语动词的时态would never have happened，可知if从句应该用过去完成时；短语put to use意为“将付诸使用”，句子的主语
25、their new safety system和put之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此此空应该用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been put。32The athlete didnt talk about that matter_ if it hadnt happened to him. 【答案】as【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：那位运动员没有谈论那件事，就好像这件事没发生在他身上一样。根据后文it hadnt happened to him为过去完成时，可知此处为as if引导方式状语从句时的虚拟语气，从句表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时。故填as。33 It is most urgent t
26、hat food and clothing_(deliver) to the victims of the earthquake. 【答案】(should) be delivered【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：向地震灾民运送食物和衣服是最紧迫的。根据句中urgent可知，此句应用（should）do的虚拟语气；deliver与主语food and clothing是被动关系，故填(should) be delivered。34Had the librarian not preserved the precious photos, we_(know) nothing about this per
27、iod of history now. 【答案】would know【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果图书管理员没有保存这些珍贵的照片，我们现在对这段历史一无所知。根据从句“Had the librarian not preserved the precious photos,”可知此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，根据主句中的时间状语now可知，主句应用would+动词原形，表示与现在事实相反，故填would know。35They insisted that he_present at me meeting.【答案】be【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们坚持要他出席我的会议。分析可知，句
28、中谓语动词“insisted”意为“坚决要求；坚持要求”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即：动词用（should）+动词原形。故填be。36The doctor recommended that I _(stay) a few more days in hospital. 【答案】(should) stay【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议我在医院多住几天。动词 recommend作为“建议”之意，后接宾语从句，从句用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填(should) stay。37 One major recommendation at the meeting is
29、 that these traditional customs _ (preserve).【答案】(should)be preserved【详解】考查语态。句意：会议上的一个主要建议是应该保存这些传统习俗。分析句子可知，主语“these traditional customs”与“preserve”是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据“recommendation”可知，其后对它进行补充说明的同位语从句应用虚拟语气，从句结构为that sb. should do sth.,should可以省略。故填(should)be preserved。38He was very busy yesterday,
30、otherwise he _ (come) to the meeting. 【答案】would have come【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他昨天很忙，否则他就来开会了。根据otherwise和句意可知，此处为含蓄虚拟语气，主句谓语动词的形式为：would have done。故填would have come。39It _ (be) very nice if it were possible. 【答案】would be【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果可能的话，那就太好了。分析句子可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句；由were可知，此处表达与现在事实相反，其主句谓语部分为“would/s
31、hould/could/might+ 动词原形”；结合句意可知，主句不表示“建议、能力和很小的可能性”，所以情态动词应选用would。故填would be。40Without electricity，human life _ (be) quite different today. 【答案】would be【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有电，今天人类的生活将大不相同。Without electricity是虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句，根据时间状语today可知，与“现在”事实相反，主句谓语应用“情态动词（should/would/could/might）+动词原形”。此处表示普通的“将要”，并无
32、“建议、命令、能力、可能性很小”之意，所以情态动词选用would。故填would be。41We _ (lose) our lives if it had not been for the policeman. 【答案】would have lost【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有那个警察，我们就没命了。根据if从句中的谓语形式“had not been for”可知是对过去情况的假设，主句谓语应用“would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”，根据句意，主句不表示“建议、能力和很小的可能性”，所以情态动词应选用would，故填would have los
33、t。42If the doctor had been available, the child _. (die) 【答案】would not have died【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果有医生的话，这个孩子就不会死了。根据语境和if引导的条件状语从句中的had been可知，此处使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句谓语动词使用would have done这种形式，此处使用否定形式。故填would not have died。43If I had hurried, I _ (catch) the train. 【答案】would have caught【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意
34、：如果我快点的话，我就会赶上火车了。If从句中谓语“had hurried”是过去完成时形式，表示是对过去事情的假设，所以主句谓语应用“would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”，根据句意，句子不表示“建议、能力和可能性小”的含义，故情态动词选用would，故填would have caught。44If he _ (approve) of my plan, the task would have been accomplished.【答案】had approved【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他同意了我的计划，任务早就完成了。由主句谓语“would ha
35、ve been accomplished”可知，本句是虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。故填had approved。45If he had been taken good care of, he wouldnt _ (fall) ill.【答案】have fallen【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他得到很好的照顾，他就不会生病了。若要表示与事实相反的假设，if引出的条件从句以及相应的主句则用虚拟语气，结合上文If he had been taken good care of，可知是与过去事实相反：主句用would +have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时。故填have fall
36、en。46If I _ (be) you, I would buy that house. 【答案】were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你的话，我会买那栋房子。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，be动词用were，主句用would /could/should/might+动词原形。根据句意，故填were。47Peter works in a car factory now. If he _(study) hard in high school, he would be studying at college now. 【答案】had studied【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：
37、Peter现在在一家汽车厂工作，如果他高中时努力学习了，他现在就正念大学。分析句子可知，设空处是条件状语从句的谓语动词；再结合语境可知，此处是假设的情况，应用虚拟语气，由in high school可知是陈述与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时。故填had studied。48If I _(have) a large amount of money, I would use it to help those in trouble. 【答案】had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有很多钱，我会用它帮助那些有困难的人。根据主句中would use可知，这是对现在的虚拟，所以if从句中使用动词的过
38、去式或者were，故填had。49Thank you very much for your support and encouragement, Mr Li. I dont think I could _ (overcome) the difficulty without your help. 【答案】have overcome【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：非常感谢你的支持和鼓励。我认为没有你的帮助，我不能克服这些困难。由without your help可知，此处是含蓄条件句，使用虚拟语气。表示感谢说明事情已经发生，故表示与过去相反的虚拟语气，动词用could have+过去分词，故填have
39、 overcome。50It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_（do）it?【答案】had done【详解】考查时态。句意：是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么跟我说话就好像是我干的似的？此处是由as if引导的虚拟语气，题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”，与过去事实相反，as if / though后面的从句用过去完成时（had done）表示对“过去”的虚拟。故填had done。51Dont handle the vase as if it_（be）made of steel.【答案】wer
40、e【详解】考查时态。句意：别把花瓶当作钢制的来处理。此处是由as if引导的虚拟语气，由句意可知，本句所讲内容与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，用were。故填were。52The manager gave his command that measures _(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.【答案】be taken【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理下令立即采取措施纠正市场营销中所犯的错误。that measures _(take) immediately to correct all th
41、e mistakes made in marketing.是一个同位语从句，解释说明前面的抽象名词command，command意思是命令，其后的同位语从句用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，在同位语从句中，measures和take之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填be taken。53I would appreciate it if I _(offer) an opportinutity to display my talent. 【答案】were offered【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：如果能给我一个施展才华的机会，我将不胜感激。对现在情况的虚拟，从句
42、：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他；主句：主语+would(should, could, might)+动词原形+其他，“我”和“提供一个机会”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以填were offered。二、 能力提升训练1（2021广州市禺山高级中学高二月考）Her pale face suggested that she _ seriously ill. To our surprise, she still suggested that she_ to Beijing on business.Abe；wentBwas；would goCwas；could goDwas；go
43、【答案】D【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：她苍白的脸色表明她病得很严重。让我们吃惊的是，她仍然建议她去北京出差。第一句话中动词suggest，意为“表明”，所接宾语从句用陈述语气，结合主句谓语suggested以及句意，可知第一个空，也就是suggest宾语从句的谓语，应用一般过去式，结合主语，所以填was；第二句话中动词suggest，意为“建议”，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，也就是从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略，所以第二个空用（should）go；故选D。2（2021广东茂名市高一期末）When the earthquake happened, it seemed _t
44、he world were coming to an end.Athat Bas CifDas if【答案】D【详解】考查表语从句。句意：地震发生的时候，好像世界末日到了。A. that 连接词，无意义；B. as 正如，像一样；C. if 是否；D. as if 似乎，好像。分析句子可知，此处引导一个表语从句，根据句意可知，从句使用虚拟语气，所以应用as if 引导该从句，故选D项。3（2021天津耀华滨海学校高三三模）I wish I _ football game on TV last night, but I went to a friends birthday party.Awatc
45、hedBhad watchedCwould watchDwere watching【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语last night可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词。故选B项。4（2021江苏盐城市高二期中）He is always seeking excuses for the debt, but Id rather he _ it off as early as possible.Awould payBwould
46、 have paidChad paidDpaid【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他总是在为债务找借口，但我宁愿他尽早还清。would rather后接宾语从句，谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示过去的愿望用过去完成时，表示现在或将来的愿望用一般过去时。本句表示对将来的愿望，故用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选D项。5（2021长春市第二十九中学高二期中）If there were not so many new words, the text _ much easier.Awill beBwould have beenCcould have beenDwould be【答案】D【详解】考查虚
47、拟语气。句意：如果没有这么多新单词的话，这篇文章将会简单得多。分析可知，句子为虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，条件句用一般过去时，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，D选项符合题意。故选D项。6（2021北京师范大学珠海分校附属外国语学校高一期中）Ms. Lin suggested that he _the reading competition.Atook part inBis taking part inCtakes part inDtake part in【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导的th
48、at宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限，所以空处需用 (should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。7（2021黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二期中）Would you mind being charged for WeChat, Mary?Certainly. I _WeChat if I had to pay now.Awould dropBwill dropCwill have droppedDwould have dropped【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：玛丽，你介意微信收费吗
49、？当然介意。如果要我现在付钱的话，我会放弃微信。根据语境和后文now可知此处表示与现在事实相反：主句用would +动词原形，从句动词用过去式（be 通常用 were）。故选A。8（2021上海市金山中学高一期中）It is required that every student_ a foreign language before going abroad.Amust learnBlearnClearnsDwill learn【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：每个学生出国前都必须学一门外语。句型It is required that.，该句型中that从句要用should + 动词原形的
50、虚拟语气，should可以省略。结合选项，选项B符合题意，故选B。9（2021甘肃兰州市兰州一中高二期中）The soldier remembers everything exactly as if it_ yesterday.Awas happeningBhappensChas happenedDhappened【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：士兵完全记得一切，似乎它就发生在昨天。 as if意为“仿佛；好像”，其后的从句可出现虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，句中remembers为一般现在时，故as if从句中用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。 10（2021长春市榆树高级
51、中学高一期中）Without gravity（重力), we _ walk on the ground as freely as we do now.AcouldntBmustntCshantDneednt【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有重力，我们不可能像现在这样自由地在地上行走。A. couldnt不可能；B. mustnt禁止；C. shant不应该；D. neednt 没必要。由语意可知，本句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故句子谓语动词的否定式要用wouldnt / couldnt/ shouldnt/ mightnt+动词原形。故选A项。11（2021甘肃兰州市兰州一中高二期中
52、）It is everybodys desire that every effort _ to reduce the pollution in our city.Awas madeBbe madeCwill be madeDwould be made【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：尽一切努力减少我们城市的污染是每个人的愿望。A. was made 被做出（一般过去时被动语态）；B. be made 被做出（虚拟语气）；C. will be made将被做（一般将来时被动语态）； D. would be made将被作（过去将来时被动语态）。分析句子该空是desire的同位语从句
53、的谓语动词，主语是effort，应使用被动语态；名词desire的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气，should 加动词原形，should可省略。故选B项。12（2021浙江舟山市舟山中学高二期中）_ these spelling mistakes, I would have got a full mark in my English examination.ABecause ofBBut forCIn case ofDIn spite of【答案】B【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：要不是这些拼写错误，我就会在英语考试中得满分了。A. Because of 因为；B. But for 要不是；C. In
54、case of 万一；D. In spite of 尽管。根据句意以及句子用到的虚拟语气，可知此处用but for表示与过去事实相反的假设，故选B。13（2021长春市第二十九中学高二月考）If the contest _ tomorrow, I would probably go to see it.Ais to take placeBwere to take placeCwas taken placeDwould take place【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果竞赛明天举行，我可能去看。结合语境和下文的would go可知，此处为if引导的非真实条件句，与将来的事实相反用一般
55、过去时，should+ 动词原形，或者were to+动词原形，take place无被动语态，综上。故选B。14（2021长春市第二十九中学高二月考）She required at the meeting that measures _ to protect the environment which we rely on to live.Ashould takeBmust takeCcould be takenDbe taken【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟。句意：她在会议上要求采取措施保护我们赖以生存的环境。根据句意可知，动词require“要求”，从句用虚拟即should+动词原形，sho
56、uld可以省略。又measures和动词take之间为被动关系，即should be taken，should可以省略，故选D项。15（2021新疆乌鲁木齐市乌市八中高二月考）Did you enjoy your trip?Yes. If we hadnt taken your advice, we _ our stay in London so much.Awouldnt have enjoyedBhadnt enjoyedCwouldnt enjoyDdidnt enjoy【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你旅行愉快吗？是的。如果我们不听你的劝告，我们在伦敦的逗留不会这么愉快。此处表示
57、对过去事实的虚拟，if引导的条件句使用过去完成时，主句使用would/could/might/should have done。故选A。16（2021新疆乌鲁木齐市乌市八中高二月考）If it _ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.Ahad not beenBshould not beCwere notDshould not have been【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是那天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。A. had not been（过去完成时） B. should not be（情态动词）
58、C. were not（一般过去时态） D. should not have been（should not have done不应该做，但是做了）。主句“I should not be here now.”表达的是与现在事实相反的情况；而根据if从句中表示过去的时间状语 “the other day前些日子”可知，此处表达的应该是与过去事实相反的情况，所以要使用过去完成时。故选A项。17（2021山西太原市太原五中高二月考）What an accident! If you _ my advice, things would not be as they are now.Ahave taken
59、Bhad takenCwas takingDtook【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真是个意外！如果你听了我的劝告，事情就不会像现在这样了。根据句意可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句中谓语动词应该用 had done 结构had taken。故选B项。18（2021广东广州市执信中学高二月考）- Do you feel like _ out?- No. Id rather we _ the metro train.Ato drive; takeBto drive; tookCdriving; takeDdriving; took【答案】D【详解】考查短语和虚拟语气。句意：你想开
60、车出去吗?没有。我宁愿我们坐地铁。feel like doing sth.想要做某事。would rather后的从句用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，用一般过去时。故选D。19（2021黑龙江大庆市铁人中学高二期末）If he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldnt suffer so much now.AliesBlayChad lainDshould lie【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他按照医生的指示安静地躺着，他现在就不会那么痛苦了。根据句意，if引导的条件句，从句是对过去情况的一种假设，主句是对现在情况的虚拟，表明“他过去没
61、有听医生的，导致现在很痛苦”。从句表达对过去情况假设时，谓语用过去完成时态。故选C。20（2021黑龙江高二期末）_ he seen you yesterday, he _ your book.AHas; will have returnedBHad; will have returnedCHad; would have returnedDHas; will have returned【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天见到你，他会还你书的。根据句意可知，句子为与过去事实相反的假设，应用虚拟语气，主句应用“主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”
62、，故空格二应用“would have returned”；从句应用“If+主语+had+过去分词”，句中省略了If，这时要把had提到句首，变为倒装句式，故空格一应用“Had”，如不省略If，句子为“If he had seen you yesterday”。故选C项。21（2021黑龙江实验中学高三月考）The terrible situation required that the manager _ present.AbeBwasCwould beDshall be【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这个糟糕的情况是要求经理在场。在表示建议、要求、命令类的词语后跟的名词性从句中，从句谓
63、语动词要使用should+动词原形的结构，should可以省略。此处为动词required(要求)所带的宾语从句，在宾语从句中谓语动词要使用should be，将should省去之后，谓语动词为be。故选A。22（2021广东高二期末）If only I _ her _ that I book an air ticket in advance. I _ a slight change in schedule could have such a strong influence on my travel plan.Afollowed; plan; dont expectBhave followe
64、d; instruction; didnt expectCfollowed; example; hadnt expectedDhad followed; advice; didnt expect【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我要是听从她的建议提前订机票就好了。我没想到日程上的一点变化会对我的旅行计划产生如此大的影响。if only（但愿/如果就好）句子中用虚拟语气，由句意可知，是对过去的虚拟，时态用过去完成时（had done），此处表建议，第二空用advice，第三空“没想到”是过去的一种事实，用一般过去时。故选D项。23（2021山西阳泉市高二期末）If he had spe
65、nt more time practising spoken English before, he _ able to speak it much better now.Awould beBwill beChas beenDhad been【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他以前多花些时间练习英语口语，现在就能说得好多了。结合语境，此处为错综时间条件句，根据before可知，if引导的条件状语从句表示与过去事实相反，使用与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词使用过去完成时，主句中的时间状语是now，使用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词使用would/should/might/could+
66、动词原形。故选A。24（2021广东清远市高二期末）If you my advice, you such a big mistake.Atook; would not make Bhad taken; will not makeChave taken; will not make Dhad taken; would not have made【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了我的劝告，你就不会犯这么大的错误了。根据句意“要是你听取我的意见”可知，句子是对过去发生的假设。在虚拟语气中，对过去事实进行虚拟，主句用would/could/might/should(not)+have d
67、one的形式，从句用had(not) done的形式。故选D。25（2021广东珠海市高二期末）The manager demanded that the workers the task ahead of schedule.AaccomplishingBaccomplishedCaccomplishDto accomplish【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理要求工人们提前完成任务。动词demand意为：要求，其宾语从句的谓语动词由“(should)+动词原形”构成，其中should可省略，故选C项。26（2021上海中学高二期末）Left to itself, the place
68、_ into a prosperous civilized communityAwas to growBwere to growCshould have grownDwould have grown【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果任其发展，这个地方会发展成一个繁荣的文明社区。此句为隐含条件虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反，所以主句用would/could/should/might + have done。would表示“将会”，should表示“应当”。故选D。27（2021上海中学高二期末）Im sure he is keeping something backId rather he
69、_ me the truthAtellsBtoldChas toldDhad told【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我肯定他有所隐瞒。我宁愿他告诉我真相。根据he is keeping something back可知，这是对现在情况的虚拟，would rather后用过去时表示对现在的愿望，故选B。28（2021黑龙江实验中学高一期末）The pianist listened to our request that he _ in public again.Awould playBmust playCplayedDplay【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位钢琴家听从了我们的请
70、求，再次在公众场合演奏。此处为同位语从句，解释说明request的内容，且request表示“请求”时，所接的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故选D。29（2021甘肃兰州一中高二期末）The teacher demands that she_her test papers within ten minutes.Aturn inBhands inChas turned inDhas handed in【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求她在十分钟内交试卷。结合选项及空后的her test papers可知，是要交卷。tu
71、rn in交上， 上交；hand in 交上，提交，从意思上这两个短语均可，demand后的宾语从句常使用虚拟语气，即demand that sb （should）do sth。故选A。30（2021漠河市高级中学高二期末）It has been suggested that the school sports meet _ till next weekend because of the recent storm.Ashould be put offBshould put offCput offDwould be put off【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：由于最近有暴风雨，有人建议
72、学校运动会推迟到下个周末举行。在“It is suggested / insisted / ordered / requested / demanded that +从句”结构中，从句中的谓语动词要用“(should)+动词原形”的形式，且the school sports meet与put off构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选A。31（2021全国高二）My brother lent me the money,_I couldnt have afforded the tripAFurthermoreBOtherwiseCMoreoverDNevertheless【答案】B【详解】本题考查副
73、词辨析。句意：我哥借钱给我了，否则我不可能有能力支付这旅行的费用。A.furthermore还有；B.otherwise否则；C.moreover还有；D.nevertheless然而。根据句意可知，这里含有对过去情况假设的虚拟语气，用otherwise相当于“if my brother hadnt lent me the money（要是我哥没有借钱给我）”。故选B。32（2021全国高二）What would you do if the war against COVID-19 again in China?Ais broken outBwill break outCwere to bre
74、ak outDwould break out【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果中国再次爆发抗新冠肺炎战争，你会怎么做？此句是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，主句中用would+动词原形，if从句中用were to+动词原形，break out“爆发，发生”没有被动语态。故选C。33（2021全国高二）“If I hadnt practiced when I was younger,” the musician says, “I _able to play so well now.”Awouldnt beBwont beCwouldnt have beenDcouldnt have been【
75、答案】A【详解】考查错综时间的虚拟语气。句意：音乐家说：“如果我年轻时没有练习，我现在就不能弹得这么好了。”根据句子“If I hadnt practiced when I was younger”可知，从句是对过去事实进行了虚拟，又根据主句中的时间状语now可知，本句是错综时间的虚拟语气，主句是对现在事实的虚拟，所以要用would/could/should/might+ do这一结构。故选A。34（2021全国高二）Frankly, Id rather you _anything about it for the time being.Anot doBdont doCdidnt doDwil
76、l not do【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：坦白说，我希望你暂时什么都不要做。would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，本句中需要用一般过去时表现现在或将来的愿望。动词do的否定过去式为didnt do，故选C项。35（2021全国高二）The insects would eat out all our crops and kill our flocks and heads, if _for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.Ait is notBit were notCwere it notDth
77、ey were not【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是有吃昆虫的动物保护我们,昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼,杀死我们成群的牛羊。根据would eat可知，句子是对现在的虚拟语气。故选B。36（2021全国高二）Supposing this ship _,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?Awas sinkingBhas sunkCwere to sinkDsinks【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：假如这艘船将要沉没，你认为会有足够的救生衣供所有乘客穿吗？根据连词suppo
78、sing(假如)可知，本句考查虚拟语气。根据句意以及主句的would be可知，句子是对将来事实的虚拟。所以对将来事实进行虚拟的从句要使用should do/did/were to do这一结构。故此题选C。37（2021全国高二）Most of the local people insist that the old temple _ as it has a long history.Ashould not pull downBmust not pull downCnot be pulled downDwould not be pulled down【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当地
79、大多数人坚持要求不要拆掉这座古庙，因为它历史悠久。insist表示“坚持要求”时，后面宾语从句要用(should)do形式的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。从句中主语the old temple与pull down之间是被动关系，用（should）be done形式。故选C。38（2021全国高二） _fired, your health care and other benefits would not be immediately cut off.AWould you beBShould you beCCould you beDMight you be【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句
80、意：如果你被解雇，你的医疗和其他福利不会立即被中断。结合选项，分析句子结构可知，这是一个与将来事实相反的虚拟语气句型。主句用would (not)+动词原形（be ），从句应用“主语+should+ 动词原形”，如从句省略if 则要用倒装语序，即should 提到主语you之前。故选B项。39（2021黑龙江鹤岗市鹤岗一中高二期中）My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.Ashould Bmight Ccould Dwould【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我妈妈建议我们这周末出去吃饭换换口味。suggest作“
81、建议”时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，故选A。40（2021全国高二）All the facts in Californias record-breaking heatwave suggest that the wildfires to the brutally hot temperature, so its suggested that people with health problem carefully.Awere linked; are taken care ofBbe linked; be taken care ofCshould be linked; ar
82、e attended toDwere linked; be attended to【答案】D【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：加州破纪录的热浪中，所有的事实都表明，野火与残酷的高温有关，所以建议有健康问题的人慎重对待。第一空中suggest表示“表明”，后跟宾语从句不用虚拟语气，且从句中描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词应用复数，故排除B选项和C选项；第二空suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语应用(should)+动词原形，故排除A选项。故选D。41（2021黑龙江大庆市大庆实验中学高二期中）The doctor suggested that sh
83、e _ in bed, while her smiling face suggested there _ nothing serious.Astay; wasBstayed; wasCstayed; beDstay; be【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：医生建议她卧床休息，但她的笑容表明没有什么严重的事。第一空中suggest表示“建议”时，后跟宾语从句中需用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，故第一空填stay；第二空中suggest表示“表明”时，后跟从句不需要用虚拟语气，结合上文suggested可知应用一般过去时，there be句型中，
84、谓语动词与nothing保持一致应用单数was。故选A。42（2021全国高二）The guard of the meeting insisted that everybody the rules.AobeysBwould obeyCwill obeyDobey【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：会议的警卫坚持要求每个人都遵守规则。insist后接that引导的宾语从句，insist表“坚持要求”时，宾语从句中用虚拟语气 (should)+ 动词原形，should可省略，用(should) obey。故选D项。43（2021全国高二）What a relief! We would be st
85、ill waiting anxiously in the classroom _to bring an umbrella with you.Ashould you forgetBhad you forgottenCyou should forgetDyou had forgotten【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导的错综时间虚拟语气句，还原句子为：We would be still waiting anxiously in the classroom if you had forgotten to bring
86、an umbrella with you，“一直等“这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would +动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时（had done），在虚拟语气中，若有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had you forgotten to bring an umbrella with you。故选B项。44（2021全国高二）Many things we benefit from now wouldnt be around _ Albert Einstein.Aaside f
87、romBthanks toCbut forDregardless of【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有爱因斯坦，现在我们从中获益的很多东西都不会存在。A. aside from除之外；B. thanks to由于；C. but for如果没有；D. regardless of不管，不顾。分析句子可知，本句与现在事实相反的含蓄虚拟语气，用“如果没有”符合语境和语法，故选C项。45（2021全国高二）Without coconuts, most of the tropical islands in the South Pacific _ uninhabitable for both
88、animals and people.Amust have remainedBmay have remainedCneed have remainedDwould have remained【答案】D【详解】考查含蓄条件句。句意：如果没有椰子的话，大多数南太平洋的热带岛屿对于人和动物而言都将会不适宜居住。本处考查含蓄条件句，这里从句可以用另外一种形式If there were no coconuts, 表示与过去事实相反的假设，主句结构：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。故选D。46（2021全国高二）If he_ to the teacher a
89、ttentively, he_the answer to the problem now.Ahad listened, would have knownBlistened, would knowClistened, would have knownDhad listened, would know【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他专心听了老师的话，他现在就会知道问题的答案了。结合句意，此处是if引导的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，所以这里是混合虚拟语气。故选D。47（2021全国高二）_ the free tickets, I would not have g
90、one to the films so often.AIf it is notBWere it not forCHad it not been forDIf it had not been【答案】C【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为免费的电影票，我就不会看电影看得那么勤。根据 I would not have gone to the films so often.可知，这里在对过去进行虚拟，要用非真实条件句的虚拟语气，此时条件从句中谓语动词用had done。而当非真实条件句中有had时，可以省略if，把had提至主语前形成部分倒装结构。故选C项。48（2021全国高二）How marv
91、elous our life is with so many digital devices！Yes. I bet our life_the same without them.AisntBcant beCwont beDwouldnt be【答案】D【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有这么多数码设备，我们的生活真是太奇妙了。是的。我打赌如果没有它们，我们的生活就不一样了。由without判断此处是含蓄虚拟语气，且与现在的事实相反，故用would + do/be，故选D项。49（2021全国高二）Your little brother is watering the flowers! Why?Wel
92、l, Im not feeling very well todayotherwise I _ it myself.AdidBwould be doingChad doneDwould have done【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你的小弟弟正在浇花!为什么?嗯，我今天感觉不太好，否则我就自己做了。此处otherwise“否则，要不然的话”，与现在的事实相反，谓语动词应该用would+动词原形，且强调动作的进行，用过去将来进行时态，故选B。50（2021全国高二）Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty _ a person be caught carrying drugs.AshouldBwouldCcouldDmight【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果发现有人携带毒品，将会受到严厉的惩罚，从几年的监禁到死刑不等。因为与将来事实相反，所以从句用if +主语 + should + do。此处为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs。故选A。
