1、1real adj. 真实的；实际存在的；非凭空想象的；真的reality n. 事实realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者realism n逼真；现实主义；务实作风realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的2human n人humanity n人性；人道；(统称)人类humanism n人文主义humanistic adj.人文主义的3influence n& v影响influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的4emerge vi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露emergence n出现；兴起5sculpt v. 雕刻；雕塑；使具有某种形状sculptor n.
2、 雕刻家；雕塑家sculpture n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术6invest vt.& vi.投资investment n投资；投资额；(时间、精力的)投入7exhibit vt.& vi.展览 n展览品exhibition n展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演8expand vt.& vi.扩大expansion n扩大；扩张；扩展rank n(尤指较高的)地位；级别；军衔；行列 v. 把分等级；排列；使排成行She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.级别He was soon promoted to the rank
3、 of captain. 军衔The tasks have been ranked in order of difficulty.分等级The report ranks the UK 20th out of 22 advanced nations.排列Words and Phrases知识要点1教材P2In particular，his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而与其他
4、绘画作品截然不同。(1)in particular尤其；特别例1Why should he notice her car in particular?他为什么会特别注意到她的车？例2He loves science fiction in particular.他特别喜欢科幻小说。知识拓展in particularparticularly特别；尤其be particular about对挑剔；对讲究be particular to.为所特有即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I enjoyed the play，particularly(particular) the second half.Dont
5、 be too particular about what you eat and wear；pay more attention to your study and work.This kind of plant is particular to Asia.His statement refers to people in general，not to anyone in particular他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。(2)set apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于例1Her clear and elegant writing sets her apart fr
6、om other journalists.她的文章清丽典雅，比其他记者高出一筹。例2His strong views about life set him apart from most other Americans.他对生活的坚定态度，使他有别于大多数其他美国人。知识拓展set apart for把(某物)留给set about着手，开始做set off出发，启程，引起，使(炸弹等)爆炸set out出发，开始做set aside节省，保留set up建立，树立set down写下，放下set free释放即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Try to set aside some time
7、every day for exercise.Ill set off/out early to avoid the traffic jams.They want to set up their own company.He had a particular voice，which set him apart from others in our small town.他嗓音很特别，这使他不同于我们小镇上的其他人。名师点津set about表示“开始做某事”时，后跟动名词作宾语；set out表示“着手/开始做某事”时，后跟不定式作宾语。小片段助记After ten years in priso
8、n，he was set free.He set down what he had experienced in prison.He set about publishing his experiences.知识要点2concentrate.on.把集中于教材P2As a result，painters concentrated less on religious themes.因此，画家们更少关注宗教主题。例1It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.是否能专心于学业并取得一定成就
9、要靠他自己。例2This helps you to be aware of time and concentrates your mind on the immediate task. 这有助于你掌握时间，全神贯注于眼前的任务。知识拓展(1)concentrate on (doing) sth.专心(做)某事concentrate ones attention/effort/thoughts on/upon.集中注意力/努力/思想于(2)concentration n.专心；专注即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子They will concentrate on teaching(teach) th
10、e basics of reading and writing.He tried to concentrate his attention on/upon his chemical experiment.I knew that concentration(concentrate) was the first requirement for learning.If you dont concentrate more on your work youll be dismissed.假如你不更加专心地工作，你将被解雇。知识要点3influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的教材P2Inf
11、luential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (14521519)，Michelangelo (14751564)，and Raphael (14831520) built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多达芬奇(14521519)、米开朗基罗(14751564)和拉斐尔(14831520) ，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些
12、最伟大的艺术作品。例1The MidAutumn Festival is an influential festival observed by us.中秋节是我们过的一个有很大影响力的节日。例2We can brainstorm a list of the most influential individuals in the company.我们可以集体讨论，列出该公司中最有影响的人员的名单。知识拓展influence n影响，作用，感化力；势力 v.影响have an influence on对有影响have influence over有左右的力量under the influence
13、 of在影响下即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.His parents no longer have any real influence over him.What you said had a good influence on people，children in particular.你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。Under their influence，he became more interested in stories of travel and adventu
14、re.在他们的影响下，他对游记和冒险类故事更感兴趣了。知识要点4emerge vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露教材P3From this，Impressionism emerged in France.由此，印象主义在法国出现。例1Richard was waiting outside the door as she emerged.她出现的时候，理查德正在门外等着。例2Mr.Shevardnadze emerged as a major figure in the reform movement.谢瓦尔德纳泽先生逐渐成为改革运动的重要人物。知识拓展(1)emerge from出现；暴露(问题
15、、意见等)It emerges that.事实表明，暴露/出现(2)emergence n.出现；兴起即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子More and more international exchanges emerge from under the trend of globalization.Language emerges and develops with the emergence(emerge) and development of society.It emerged that the driver of the car had been drunk.It emerged tha
16、t the company was going to be sold.事实表明，这家公司准备出售。知识要点5convey vt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送教材P3In this work，Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the scene itself.在这幅作品里，莫奈试图传达场景中的光线和变化这个场景给他的主观印象而非对场景本身的详细描绘。例1A wir
17、e is used to convey an electric current.电线是用来导电的。例2Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators.管道把热水从锅炉输送到暖气片。知识拓展convey sth.to sb.向某人传达/传递某物convey sb./sth.from A to B把某人/某物从A地运送到B地convey ones feelings/meanings 表达某人的感情/意思即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The old farmer determined to convey his farm to his
18、son before death.Your baggage will be conveyed by helicopter from the airport to your hotel. If you see James，do convey my apology to him如果你看见詹姆斯，一定要向他转达我的歉意。知识要点6focus on 关注；聚焦于教材P3While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life，others，such as Renoir (18411919)，focused on people.当许
19、多印象派画家描绘自然或日常生活的场景时，其他画家，如雷诺阿(18411919)则关注人。例1The talks will focus on economic development of the region.会谈将着重讨论该地区的经济发展。例2What Im going to do in this lecture is focus on something very specific.我在今天的讲座中将主要探讨一些非常具体的问题。知识拓展focus v集中；聚焦 n.中心点；焦点focus.on/upon.把集中于bring.into focus使成为焦点in focus对准焦点；清晰out
20、 of focus没对准焦点；不清晰即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子They dont focus on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.The childrens faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.The programme was intended to focus attention on global economy. Here I would like to focus
21、 on one question in particular这里我想着重讲一个问题。图形助记小片段助记Global warming is the focus of the meeting to be held tomorrow.Experts from different countries will focus on a possible solution to this problem.In fact many scientists are focusing their attention on this research.知识要点7fond adj.喜爱教材P3Why are you f
22、ond of it?你为什么喜欢它？例1Over the years，I have grown quite fond of her.经过这么多年，我越来越喜欢她了。例2He is fond of playing football.他喜欢踢足球。知识拓展be into doing sth.喜欢，对有兴趣enjoy doing sth.喜欢做be crazy about着迷于，迷恋上go in for爱好，参加即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Im 15 and Im fond of singing(sing)I enjoy reading(read) history novels while my
23、cousin is crazy about cartoons such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse.Jessie is into collecting stamps and has a large collection of stamps.We had grown fond of the house and didnt want to leave.我们已经喜欢上了这座房子，不想搬家。(fond)Sentence Patterns重点句式1while引导让步状语从句教材P2While his paintings still had religious theme
24、s，they showed real people in a real environment.虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。句式分析句中的while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，相当于although/though。例1While I see what you say，I cant agree with you.虽然我理解你说的话，但是我不敢苟同。例2While the work was difficult，it was interesting.虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。知识拓展(1)while还可以作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当时候；在期间”；(
25、2)while可以作并列连词，连接并列句，意为“然而”。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Stand still while I take a photograph for you.Sarah and I had a great time while the kids were away.While he loves his students，he is strict with them.虽然他很爱他的学生，但是他对他们要求很严格。He went out for a walk，while I stayed at home他出去散步了，而我却待在家里。重点句式2not just.but.不仅仅是，而
26、且教材P3He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects，but their inner warmth and humanity as well.他不仅要表现他主题的外在形象，还要表现他们内心的温暖和人性。句式分析句中的not just.but.意为“不仅仅是，而且”相当于not only.but (also).，连接两个并列主语时，谓语的数遵循“就近原则”，即谓语动词在数和人称上要与邻近的主语一致。例A doctors mission should be not just to prevent death，but to i
27、mprove the quality of life.医生的使命不应该仅仅是避免死亡，而且要提高生活质量。知识拓展有类似用法的还有：neither.nor.既不也不either.or.要么要么not.but.不是而是注意：not only.but (also).连接两个句子且not only位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构，but (also)连接的部分不倒装。即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换Either you or Mary decides(decide) to take part in the competition.Not only his friends but also Tom wan
28、ts(want) to go to the cinema.Not the driver but the passengers were(be) responsible for the accident.The poor man had not only been fined，but also been sent to prison.Not only had the poor man been fined，but also he had been sent to prison.1Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(14521519)，Mi
29、chelangelo(14751564)，and Raphael(14831520) built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.分析该句为复合句。Influential painters built upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen是主句；that引导定语从句，修
30、饰先行词art；不定式to produce.作目的状语。译文一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多达芬奇(14521519)、米开朗基罗(14751564)和拉斐尔(14831520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。2While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil，this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (16061669)，who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.分析该句
31、为复合句。while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”；主句是this technique reached its height with Rembrandt，who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Rembrandt。译文尽管早在达芬奇时代一些画家就使用油彩绘画，但伦勃朗(16061669)使得这种技艺达到顶峰，他拥有“光影大师”的雅称。教材高考1.Thus，artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes.(2019全国卷)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze yo
32、ur short and long term objectives，.2.While his paintings still had religious themes，they showed real people in a real environment.(2020全国卷)But I imagine that，while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an authors work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.3.In this work，Monets ai
33、m was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave himbut not a detailed record of the scene itself.(2020天津卷)What message does the story convey？4.While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life，others，such as Renoir (18411919)，focused on peop
34、le.(2021浙江卷)He focused on playing dramatic roles.5.Why are you fond of it？(2019江苏卷)We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power，more must be better.单句语法填空1What makes his parents worry is not his grades but that he hasnt any interest in learning.2While I am
35、 willing to help，I do not have much time available.3Im not particular about food. I like eating all kinds of food.4We set about preparing(prepare) for the party one week ago.5Its the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration(concentrate)6It has emerged that he stole the money.7The go
36、vernment conveyed this piece of land to a company.8I think it is time you woke up and focused your thoughts on more worldly matters.9Sheilas fond of telling other people what to do.10Teenage idols have a strong influence on our children.短语填空in particular；set apart from；as a result；focus on；concentra
37、te on；be fond of1Please concentrate on the business at hand and dont drag in irrelevant issues.2The government appears to have miscalculated and bills are higher as a result3I have had a lot of comments about that carving in particular4Others are fond of titles and honors，but I am not.5Grafs natural
38、 athleticism set her apart from other tennis players.6Business managers are focused on increasing their personal wealth by any available means.课文语法填空As there have been so many different styles of Western art，perhaps the best way 1.to understand(understand) Western art is to look at the development o
39、f Western painting over the centuries.During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was 2.to teach(teach) people about Christianity.This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone.His paintings are set apart from other paintings by their 3.realistic(reality) human faces and deep
40、emotional impact.Painters concentrated 4.less(little) on religious themes during the Renaissance.5.An important breakthrough was the use of perspective by Masaccio and another innovation was the use of oil paints.In subject matter，the emphasis 6.increasingly(increase) shifted from religious themes t
41、o people and the world around us.Photography was invented in the mid19th century，after 7.which paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like.Hence，Impressionism 8.emerged(emerge) in France.The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet 9.called(call)Impression，Sunrise.After Impressionism，subsequent artists began to ask what they would do next.What they attempted to do was no longer show reality，10.but instead to ask the question，“What is art？”12
