1、话题三 多元文化.阅读AThere was a time in the 1960s and 1970s when some people believed that coffee would replace tea as Britains favourite drink, but that did not happen, and today, tea remains Britains favourite drink.To say that the British are fond of tea is something of an understatement (轻描淡写). From the
2、 royal (王室的) family down to the homeless and the outofwork, tea is more than just a pleasure. It is an important part of life!The popularity of tea in the United Kingdom has a long history. It was in 1657 that Thomas Garway, the owner of a coffee house, sold the first tea in London. The drink soon b
3、ecame popular as another choice besides coffee.In those days, however, tea was not something for anyone. For a century and a half, it remained an expensive drink. Many bosses served a cup of it to their workers in the middle of the morning, thus inventing a lasting British tradition, the “tea break”
4、. But as a social drink outside the workplace, tea was served for the nobility (贵族) and for the growing middle classes. Among those who had the money for tea, it became very popular as a drink to be enjoyed in cafs and “tea gardens”It was the 7th Duchess of Bedford who, in around 1800, started the p
5、opular “afternoon tea”， which took place at about four oclock. At about the same time, the Earl of Sandwich popularized a new way of eating bread with something (e.g. jam) between them, and before long, a small meal at the end of the afternoon with tea and sandwiches had become part of a way of life
6、.As tea became much cheaper during the nineteenth century, its popularity spread right through British society. In workingclass households, it was served with the main meal of the day, eaten when workers returned home after a days labour. This meal has become known as “high tea”Today, tea can be dru
7、nk at any time of day. Most people in Britain drink tea for breakfast. The midmorning “tea break” is an institution in British offices and factories. Later in the day, “afternoon tea” is still a way of life in the south of England and among the middle classes, while “high tea” has remained a traditi
8、on in the north of Britain.1Who played an important part in the beginning of tea in England?AThomas Garway. BThe royal family.CThe Earl of Sandwich. DThe Duchess of Bedford.2What can we learn from the passage?AThe “tea break” kept the workers from being sleepy after lunch.BWorkers could enjoy a cup
9、of tea in “tea gardens” at their workplace.C“High tea” was usually served with the main meal for the middle classes.DThe “afternoon tea” together with sandwiches became popular in around 1800.3What is the best title of the passage?AThe Popularity of TeaBTea and the BritishCTea and the Middle ClassDT
10、he History of TeaBFor Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.“Its no secret that China has always been a source (来源) of inspiration for designers，” says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at AE Networks, a global media company and home to so
11、me of the biggest fashion (时尚) shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of Chinainspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics (美学) on Western fashion and how Ch
12、ina has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.“China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the
13、 world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashionthey are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by Chinasome of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taki
14、ng_on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. “The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says. “China is no
15、 longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about Chinaits influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.”4What can we learn about the exhi
16、bition in New York?AIt promoted the sales of artworks.BIt attracted a large number of visitors.CIt showed ancient Chinese clothes.DIt aimed to introduce Chinese models.5What does Hill say about Chinese women?AThey are setting the fashion.BThey start many fashion campaigns.CThey admire super models.D
17、They do business all over the world.6What do the underlined words “taking on” in Paragraph 4 mean?ALearning from. BLooking down on.CWorking with. DCompeting against.7What can be a suitable title for the text?AYoung Models Selling Dreams to the WorldBA Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New YorkCDifferen
18、ces Between Eastern and Western AestheticsDChinese Culture Fueling International Fashion TrendsCThere is an old saying in China that goes, “The days of the Sanjiu period are the coldest days.” “Sanjiu period”， which is in Minor (较小的) Cold, refers to the third nineday period (the 19th to the 27th day
19、) after the day of the Winter Solstice (冬至). There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.Eating hotpotDuring Minor Cold people should eat some hot food to benefit the body and defend against the cold weather. Winter is the best time to have hotpot and braised mutton with soy sauc
20、e. But it is important to notice that too much spicy food may cause health problems.Eating huangyacaiIn Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold. There are large amounts of vitamins A and B in huangyacai. As huangyacai is fresh and tender, it is fit
21、 for frying, roasting and braising.Eating glutinous rice (糯米饭)According to tradition, the Cantonese eat glutinous rice in the morning during Minor Cold. Cantonese people add some fried preserved (腌制的) pork, sausage and peanuts and mix them into the rice.Eating vegetable riceIn ancient times, people
22、in Nanjing took Minor Cold quite seriously, but as time went by, the celebration of Minor Cold gradually disappeared. However, the custom of eating vegetable rice is still followed today. The rice is steamed and is unspeakably delicious. Among the ingredients (原料), aijiaohuang (a kind of green veget
23、able), sausage and salted duck are the specialties in Nanjing.8What do we know about Minor Cold?AThe Sanjiu period is in this period.BIt refers to the Winter Solstice.CIt lasts twentyseven days.DIt marks the first day of winter.9What is a special custom in Tianjin in Minor Cold?AEating hotpot.BHavin
24、g vitamin A and B pills.CHaving huangyacai.DBuying cabbage.10How do the Cantonese eat glutinous rice?AThey fry and toast it.BThey eat it for dinner.CThey steam it with soy sauce.DThey mix it with many other things.11This text may be taken from the _ column (栏目) of a newspaper.Atravel BfashionCcultur
25、e Dscience.七选五Culture means any human behavior that is learned in human society. All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning. _1_ Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialized societies.Culture is necessary for the s
26、urvival and existence of human beings. Practically, everything humans know, think, value, feel, and do is learned through taking part in a sociocultural system. _2_ Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society. In the province of Midnapore in India, the director of a chil
27、drens home was told by local villagers that there were “ghosts” in the forest. Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, appeared to have been living with a group of wolves in the forest. _3_ In his diary, the direc
28、tor describes his first view of Kamala (as the older child was named) and Amala (the name given to the younger child)：Kamala was a terriblelooking being. His head was like a big ball of something covering the shoulders. _4_ Their eyes were bright and sharp, unlike human eyes. They were very fond of
29、raw meat and raw milk. Gradually, as they got stronger, they began going on all fours, and afterwards began to run on all fours, just like squirrels.Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behaviorby taking part in a cultural community. _5_AFrom this viewpoint,
30、all human groups have their own culture.BThe children were the “ghosts” described by the local people.CThis statement is well supported by some wellwritten cases.DHuman beings can only develop human abilities by the local people.ECulture refers only to the high art and classical music of a particula
31、r society.FClose at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first, but smaller in size.GThey learn a certain human language as well as certain kinds of human behavior through their membership in a certain cultural community.话题三多元文化.阅读A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了英国的茶文化。1答案与解析：A细节理解题。
32、根据第三段中的“It was in 1657 that Thomas Garway, the owner of a coffee house, sold the first tea in London. The drink soon became popular as another choice besides coffee.”可知，Thomas Garway在英国人喝茶的起源中扮演了重要的角色，他使英国人喝茶的习惯开始流行，故选A项。2答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第五段“It was the 7th Duchess of Bedford who, in around 1800, star
33、ted the popular afternoon tea， which took place at about four oclock. At about the same time, the Earl of Sandwich popularized a new way of eating bread with something (e.g. jam) between them, and before long, a small meal at the end of the afternoon with tea and sandwiches had become part of a way
34、of life.”可知，在1800年左右，“下午茶”和三明治一起流行起来，故选D项。3答案与解析：B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要以1657年、1800年等几个重要的时间为线索，介绍了英国人喝茶的习惯开始流行，“下午茶”的兴起、发展、流行以及如今成为英国人生活中不可或缺的一部分。所有这些都是围绕着英国的茶文化而展开的，所以最佳标题为“茶与英国”，故选B项。B【语篇解读】本文以国外视角介绍中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的促进作用。4答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段最后一句“The exhibition had record attendance, s
35、howing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences”可知，这次在纽约的展览拥有破纪录的出席人数，故选B。5答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashionthey are central to its move
36、ment”可知，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，她们还是时尚发展的核心。据此可知答案为A。6答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据第四段最后一句中的“Vera Wang，Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales”可知，三位中国最优秀的时装设计者在设计和销量方面击败了三位顶尖西方设计师，据此可推知take on在该句中表示“与较量”，故选D。7答案与解析：D考查标题判断。本文主要介绍了中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，
37、展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的促进作用，故选D。A项(向世界推销梦想的年轻模特)与文章内容不符；B项(在纽约举办的一次中国艺术展)以偏概全；C项(东西方美学的差异)范畴过大。C【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了中国人在小寒时的一些饮食文化。8答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sanjiu period， which is in Minor Cold, refers to the third nineday period (the 19th to the 27th day) after the day of the Winter Solstice.”可知，三九在小寒节气内。故选A。9答案与解析
38、：C细节理解题。根据“Eating huangyacai”部分中的“In Tianjin, there is a custom to have huangyacai, a kind of Chinese cabbage, during Minor Cold.”可知，天津人在小寒的时候会吃黄芽菜。故选C。10答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据“Eating glutinous rice”部分中的“Cantonese people add some fried preserved pork, sausage and peanuts and mix them into the rice.”可知，广东人将
39、糯米饭和其他很多东西混在一起吃。故选D。11答案与解析：C文章出处题。根据第一段中的“There are many different customs related to Minor Cold in China.”可知，文章可能选自报纸的文化栏目。故选C。.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要阐述了人类文化传承方面的具体内容。1答案与解析：A根据上文“All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through tradition or social learning.”可知
40、，文化的所有部分都会传给下一代，意味着所有的人类群体都有自己的文化。故选A项。2答案与解析：C根据下文“Here is one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society.”可知，有很多的例子来证明这一点，下面列举了其中之一。故选C项。3答案与解析：B根据上文“Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, app
41、eared to have been living with a group of wolves in the forest.”可知，两个孩子和狼群生活在一起，这两个孩子就是当地人所说的“鬼”。故选B项。4答案与解析：F根据上文“Kamala was a terriblelooking being. His head was like a big ball of something covering the shoulders.”可知，这里是对两个孩子的外貌的描述。故选F项。5答案与解析：G根据上文“Children learn human language in the same way they learn other kinds of human behaviorby taking part in a cultural community.”可知，不同的环境对他们有了不同的影响，他们的身上既有人的行为也有狼的特点。故选G项。
