1、40分阅读限时练(五)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019湖北八校联考CrazyCreative Traditions in SchoolsHere are a few schools crazycreative traditions that will probably have you wish to go there so you could celebrate in all the graduation fun. Learn about them all in the be
2、low.Attire (服装) and Flowers at College of CharlestonYou fashionista will love this one. During the December ceremony, women wear black dresses and men wear black tuxedos (无尾礼服). During the May ceremony, women wear white dresses and men wear summer tuxedos. Its also been a tradition since the 1930s t
3、o carry flowers onto the stage: women carry bouquets of six red roses in a red bow and men wear a single red rose boutonniere (胸花). So classy!Hoop Rolling at Wellesley CollegeThis allwomens college tradition was originally held on May Day, but its now held in April. The purpose was to allow students
4、 to essentially leave all their worries behind and just participate in some fun games outdoors. Back in the day, it was said that the winner of the hoop rolling race was the first to be married, and in the 1980s she would be the first to be a CEO. Nowadays, the winner would be the first to achieve h
5、er own happiness. that is, after being thrown into Lake Waban by all her classmates.Fabric and Green Grad Recycling Program at the University of New HampshireYoull absolutely love this tradition. UNHs vendor provides wrinkleresistant caps and gowns made of recycled plastic bottles. Graduates then ha
6、ve the opportunity to donate their gowns to be cleaned and reused. Graduates are still able to keep their caps and tassels as keepsakes, all while helping to save the environment.体裁：应用文题材：学校生活主题：大学的疯狂创意传统【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三所国外的学校的一些有趣的、新奇的、富有创意的传统。【难句分析】Here are a few schools crazycreative traditions tha
7、t will probably have you wish to go there so you could celebrate in all the graduation fun.分析：本句是一个复合句。句中“that will probably. graduation fun”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词traditions，that在从句中作主语；have sb. do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。译文：这里有一些可能会让你想去那里的学校的疯狂创意传统，这样你就可以尽情庆祝毕业了。1If you want to participate in the December cerem
8、ony, you can choose _.ACollege of CharlestonBWellesley CollegeCUniversity of New HampshireDOxford University答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句中的“During the December ceremony”可知，在College of Charleston可以参加十月的典礼，故选A项。2Hoop Rolling at Wellesley College is aimed at enabling the students to _.Abe a CEO Bhave funCachi
9、eve happiness Dbe married答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句“The purpose was to allow students to essentially leave all their worries behind and just participate in some fun games outdoors”可知，Wellesley College的做法是为了让学生得到快乐。故选B。3What are UNHs caps and gowns made of?AFlowers. BSilk and cotton.CLeather. DRecycled p
10、lastic bottles.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段第二句“UNHs vendor provides wrinkleresistant caps and gowns made of recycled plastic bottles”可知，答案选D项。B2019绵阳市诊断When I was a kid, I was the girl who kept the training wheels on my bike as long as possible. Even my younger sister had got rid of them much earlier than m
11、e. But as I began to grow older, this changed.All this happened on the Bike Safety Day. It is supposed to be a fun day at school when all of us kids bring our bikes to school and the school provides us with the opportunity to ride outside and learn proper bike safety. Sounds like fun, right? No. In
12、fact, it caused me to panic. What was I going to say when my friends asked me about my training wheels?With the pressure of everyone seeing my training wheels, I determined to let them go. This was the first big change Id ever made on my own.I went to my parents and told them all about my dilemma. T
13、hey were more than happy to help. We went outside and got my bike. Instead of running away and hiding behind, I stood in front of my bike and took great pride in my decision as my dad removed the training wheels.I got on and steadied myself. My heart raced but my feet and hands were calm. My dad sta
14、rted to push before my feet even moved and suddenly I was off. The fear faded away and a relaxed mind came into its place. It was crazy to think how quickly I learned something that took so long for me to even try!My confidence soared (高涨). This was going to be the start of a brand new world for me.
15、 My accomplishment would carry me forth to new goals and wins. I realized that if I set my mind on doing something, I could achieve it.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：去掉自行车稳定轮【语篇解读】本文讲述了作者小时候迟迟不敢去掉自行车的稳定轮，在学校“自行车安全日”来临之前因为害怕同学看见她的稳定轮而最终下决心去掉它们。【难句分析】When I was a kid, I was the girl who kept the training wheels on m
16、y bike as long as possible.分析：本句为主从复合句。I was the girl为句子的主干；句中When引导时间状语从句；who引导定语从句修饰the girl。译文：当我还是个孩子的时候，我是那个把自行车的稳定轮尽可能长时间地保留在自行车上的女孩。4What does the school expect the students to do on Bike Safety Day?AHave their bikes checked.BRide outside for fun.CAcquire bike safety skills.DRemove the traini
17、ng wheels.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“the school provides us with the opportunity to ride outside and learn proper bike safety”可知，学校想让学生在“自行车安全日”学会一些自行车安全技能，故选C项。5What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe authors friends. BThe authors parents.CThe safety problems. DThe training whe
18、els.答案与解析：D考查词义猜测。根据语境及画线词所在句的前半部分“With the pressure of everyone seeing my training wheels”可知，作者迫于害怕别人看见自己的自行车稳定轮的压力才决心去掉它们，故画线词指的就是“稳定轮”，故选D项。6What happened when the author finally rode without the training wheels?AShe felt extremely embarrassed.BEverything turned out to be easy.CShe ended up falli
19、ng down.DHer sisters followed her example.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段最后一句“It was crazy to think how quickly I learned something that took so long for me to even try！”可知，长时间不敢尝试的东西，作者竟学得很快，由此对于作者来说骑没有稳定轮的自行车后，事情变得容易了，故选B项。7What does the author think is necessary for her to achieve a goal?APatience. BDeterm
20、ination.CPressure. DConcentration.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“I realized that if I set my mind on doing something, I could achieve it.”可知，作者意识到如果自己下定决心做一件事的话，自己就会做到。由此可推知，作者认为对于她来说实现一个目标的关键在于决心，故选B项。C2019福建省质检Australian adults want to see “life skills” introduced into school curriculums, including mone
21、y management, job preparation and domestic tasks. New research from Monash University showed Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of technology, coding and artificial intelligence subjects in student curriculums to prepare them for future jobs.Coauthor Professor Neil Selwyn, from Monash
22、s new Education Futures think tank, said the survey results of more than 2,000 Australians had taken himself and Dr Deana Leahy by surprise. “The life skills I wasnt expecting that at all，” he said. Those quizzed were asked to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, but were
23、also given an open space to write what they think should be included. Prof. Selwyn said people called for schools to teach financial skills, budgeting, cooking and doing taxes. “You could argue that these are things people should be learning themselves, or learning from their families，” he said. “Bu
24、t weve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills people will need for jobs and their ways of living.”One respondent said schools should introduce a “contemporary life skills” subject: “A compulsory 1hour a week class on skills needed that parents seem continually unable to teach their kids”.
25、 Suggestions for the class included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims. Another respondent called for students to be taught “general life skills” as unfortunately not enough kids will have parents to actually be bothered to educate them or simply parents dont know themselves.Of the
26、 subjects, maths was the highest ranked (75.5 percent), followed closely by English (74.8 percent). And while science was the third highest ranked subject (46.2 percent), it was more strongly supported by those who earned higher wages and were universityeducated compared to lower income earners.Aspe
27、cts of school life considered least important were students having fun, learning about things that interested them and being given the opportunity to be creative.体裁：说明文题材：教育主题：澳大利亚成年人想让“生活技能”引进学校课程【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。来自莫纳什大学的新的研究表明，澳大利亚成年人广泛支持将科技、人工智能等科目引入学校课程，以让学生为未来的工作做好准备。【难句分析】Those quizzed were aske
28、d to rate the value of a list of subjects already in the curriculum, but were also given an open space to write what they think should be included.分析：该句含有but连接的两个并列的结构，其中“what they think should be included”为what引导的宾语从句，作及物动词write的宾语。译文：那些被询问者被要求评估已经在课程中的科目清单的价值，但也被给予了一片空白处来写下他们认为应该包括在内的内容。8Why did t
29、he adults suggest adding “life skills” to school curriculums?ATo vary school curriculums.BTo enrich students school life.CTo prepare students for future work and life.DTo save parents the trouble of educating kids.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“Aussie adults also widely supported the inclusion of. to prep
30、are them for future jobs”，并结合该段内容可知，澳大利亚成年人支持将“生活技能”引入学校课程旨在让学生为他们未来的工作和生活做好准备，故C项正确。9What did Prof. Selwyn think of the adults suggestions?AReasonable. BRidiculous.CInteresting. DImpractical.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“You could argue that. But weve got to be thinking forward in terms of the skills peopl
31、e will need for jobs and their ways of living”可推知，Selwyn教授认为成年人将“生活技能”引入学校课程的建议是合乎情理的，故A项正确。10What does Paragraph 3 focus on?ADifferences of school subjects.BReasons for the school survey.COpinions from the surveyed.DInvestigations of the respondents.答案与解析：C考查段落大意。根据第三段第一句中的“One respondent said scho
32、ols should introduce a contemporary life skills subject”和第三句中的“Another respondent called for students to be taught general life skills”可知，第三段主要介绍了被调查者的观点，故C项正确。11What can we know from the text?AThe present curriculums are to adults taste.BContemporary life skills involve resume writing.CStudents int
33、erests have been greatly promoted.DThe parents quizzed think well of school life.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句“One respondent said schools should introduce a contemporary life skills subject. included resume writing, filing tax returns and health claims”可知，当代生活技能包括写简历、提交纳税申报单和健康索赔，故B项正确。D2019太原期末Fairy ta
34、les perform many functions. They entertain, encourage imagination and teach problemsolving skills. They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony. Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot, but a team
35、 of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart.The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with ex
36、amples of proper and improper behavior in fables, novels and other literature. We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates. This sy
37、stem is called “Quixote”. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible. The robot has three options.
38、 It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape. Without any further directives (指示), the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it. But
39、 Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it. In this way, the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function. Its a baby step in the direction of teac
40、hing more moral lessons into robots. We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior. Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.体裁：说明文题材：科技主题：童话故事让机器人拥有
41、道德观念【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。【难句分析】They can also provide moral lessons, highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings coexist in harmony.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“that let human beings coexist in harmony”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词“the social codes”，tha
42、t在从句中作主语；该句中“highlighting the dangers. in harmony”为现在分词短语作伴随状语。译文：它们还可以提供道德经验，强调不遵守让人类和谐共处的社会准则的危险。12What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?AThey entertain robots.BThey highlight dangers.CThey make robots more intelligent.DThey enable robots to behave morally.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“it has
43、 found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI (artificial intelligence) can take to its cold, mechanical heart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。13What is “Quixote” in the text?AA punishment system.BA character in literature.CA big name in technology.DA kind of software educating
44、 robots.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段最后两句“This system is called Quixote. It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。14What does the designer expect robots to do in the ex
45、periment?ATo take advantage of its privilege.BTo finish the task most efficiently.CTo perform in a wellmannered way.DTo be rewarded by the storekeeper.答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unac
46、ceptable behavior”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。15Which of the following can best express the authors opinion?ARobots will definitely have more functions.BRobots with humans emotions are perfect.CTraining robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.DThe development of robots is still in a baby
47、step.答案与解析：C考查观点态度。根据第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society, and in doing so, it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项
48、。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019福建联考Everyone complains. Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world, you still complain sometimes. Sometimes you complain without even realizing it, but rarely is it ever helpful. _1_ Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts._2_Whe
49、n you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead. Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive in the situation.Make a list of things you are grateful
50、 for.You often complain about the things you dont have without noticing those things you already have. Be grateful for what you have in your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves. _3_Learn to adapt to the changes.There are many things you cant change. _4_ Always find the positive si
51、de of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is. With parents and friends support, you can survive any life changes.Allow yourself to vent (发泄) your feelings every once in a while.Constantly ignoring negative thoughts could add up. If you are really going through a rough time,
52、 dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friends or family member or see a therapist.Find what makes you happy._5_ Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career. Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make
53、 you happy. Choose happiness, focus on the positive, and be kind always!AChange the way you think.BMake friends with positive people.CThe best and only thing you can do is to accept them.DAre you constantly complaining about your present job?ESometimes this list can be easy, full of hobbies you enjo
54、y.FSo how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?GSet down things you are thankful for and youll see that you dont have any reason to complain.体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：如何停止抱怨【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了停止抱怨的方法和策略。1答案与解析：F根据下文“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts”可推知，空处应是表达
55、如何停止抱怨，所以选F选项。2答案与解析：A根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为本段的标题。根据下文“When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone, stop and force yourself to say something positive instead”并结合对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是改变思考方式，所以选A选项。3答案与解析：G根据本段的标题Make a list of things you are grateful for并结合本段的整体理
56、解可推知，G选项“把你所感激的事情写下来，然后你就会发现没有理由抱怨了”符合语境。4答案与解析：C根据上文“There are many things you cant change”，并结合下文“Always find the positive side of each situation, regardless of however difficult the situation is”可推知，在不能改变的情况下，接受并适应改变才是上策，与本段标题Learn to adapt to the changes.呼应，所以选C选项。5答案与解析：D根据下文“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career”并结合本文的关键词complain可推知，此处表示对自己的工作不满，所以选D选项。
