1、Section Using language（表语从句）情境创设语法精讲教材链接1. （教材P17）This is what makes them so special.2. （教材P17）A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.3. （教材P17）The fact was that at the age of eight, he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.4. （教材P15）This
2、devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.5. （教材P17）The question was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.6. （教材P17）What impressed us was how this contributed to the development of Peking Opera.观察上面句子，并分别写出加黑部分对应的句子结构：1. what引导表语从句 2. where引导表语从句 3. that引
3、导表语从句 4. what引导表语从句 5. when引导表语从句 6. how引导表语从句 要点精析表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样, 表语从句位于连系动词后, 有时用as if引导。基本结构为：主语+系动词+引导词+从句。引导表语从句的词分为连接代词和连接副词。1. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever在表语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语。2. 连接副词where, when, how, why在表语从句中充当状语。3. 主语为it, as if/a
4、s though（好像）引导的表语从句常跟在be动词, seem, look, taste, sound, feel, appear等动词之后。如：This is where our problem lies. 这就是我们的问题所在。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。引导词所作成分例句that不作任何成分The tragedy of the world is that those who are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced ha
5、ve feeble imagination.世界的悲剧就在于有想象力的人缺乏经验, 而有经验的人缺乏想象力。what/whatever主语、宾语、表语Experience is what you get when you dont get what you want.经验是当你没得到想得到之物时所得到的东西。whether不作任何成分My question is whether we can raise enough money.我的问题是我们能否筹集到足够的资金。when时间状语True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of ones
6、knowledge.知之为知之, 不知为不知, 是知也。Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.幸福就是你的所想、所说和所做的和谐统一。where地点状语Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies.祸兮, 福之所依; 福兮, 祸之所伏。how方式状语That was how he managed to solve the problem.那就
7、是他解决问题的方式。why原因状语That is why he tried his best to get in touch with you.那就是他想办法和你联系的原因。who/whoever主语The question is who will offer to help.问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。which定语What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most.家长最关注的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。whose定语The issue is whose design is popular with m
8、ost students.问题是谁的设计受大多数学生的欢迎。because不作任何成分This is because he didnt attend the class the other day.这是因为他几天前没有上课。as if/though不作任何成分When put half in the water, the chopstick looks as if it were broken. 放在水中一半时, 这根筷子看起来像是断了一样。注意：注意点例句引导表语从句的that, 不作任何成分, 但不能省略What excited me most was that we finished o
9、ur work ahead of time.最令我兴奋的是我们提前完成了工作。表示“是否”时, 用whether不用ifMy question is whether they will satisfy our demands.我的问题是他们能否满足我们的要求。the reason作主语时, 表语从句用that引导, 即the reason is thatThe reason why you didnt pass the driving test was that you hadnt practiced enough.你没有拿到驾照的原因是没有进行足够的练习。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词b
10、e, seem, look等It seems that he didnt agree with us.他似乎不同意我们的看法。表示命令、请求、建议的词作主语时, 表语从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略My suggestion is that they should make a plan before they start the project.我的建议是在他们开始这个项目前要制订一个计划。实战演练. 单句语法填空1.The trouble is that I cant find my way.2.Without his support, we would
11、nt be where/what we are now.3.This is what my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.4.By boat is the only way to get here, which is how we arrived.5.He got caught in the heavy traffic. That was why he was late.6.Energy is what makes things work.7.We didnt set out; it
12、 was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back.8.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.9. It sounds as if/though someone is knocking at the door.10.What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 语法填空1.A（2020四川乐山高二期中）Kobe Bryant 1. was
13、 killed (kill) in a helicopter crash on Sunday in California, along with his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven other people. It is known that the helicopter2. carrying (carry) Kobe and the others crashed into a hilly area in 3. foggy (fog) conditions, and the cause of the crash is still 4. under
14、 investigation. Kobe was 5. widely (wide) considered one of the greatest basketball players of his generation during his 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers. After the tragic accident, many 6. celebrities (celebrity) showed their great grief over the 7. loss (lose) of the great basketball pla
15、yer. An officer of NBA Commission said, “Kobe is remembered most for 8. inspiring (inspire) people around the world to pick up a basketball and he will always be.” One of the greatest basketball players of all time-Michael Jordan said Kobe was a chosen one and he would miss those conversations with
16、him very much. Thousands of people gathered to remember the star outside the Staples Center in Los Angeles, 9. where the Los Angeles Lakers played their home games. From then on, the city would not be 10. what it used to be due to the death of the great basketball star.B（2020江苏淮安高二期中）Online shopping
17、 addiction is an illnessThe Internet has brought with 1. the convenience of shopping at our leisure（闲暇） in the comfort of our own home. However, for many, the appeal of shopping 2. bargains （物美价廉的商品） and treats can turn into an addiction. Experts believe there is a danger that online shopping can de
18、velop into a mental illness. 3. (research) from the Hannover Medical School in Germany have termed it “Buying Shopping Disorder” (BSD). They say this condition should 4. (recognize) by the medical profession as an illness and should not 5. (simple) be classed as one of the various “impulse control”
19、disorders. Psychotherapist Dr. Astrid Miller said, “It really is time 6. (accumulate) further knowledge about BSD on the Internet.”Dr. Miller and her colleagues 7. (conduct) research on data from earlier studies on compulsive shopping. Their research focused on 122 patients 8. sought treatment for B
20、SD. Dr. Miller reported that about five percent of the population may be suffering from BSD. She added younger people are 9. (likely) to develop it and that they experience greater levels of anxiety and depression. People with BSD readily exhibit negative behaviors. These include buying expensive th
21、ings they dont need, keeping and never 10. (use) things they order, buying things for instant satisfaction, and ending up in debt. BSD can destroy marriages, relationships and mental health.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.it解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了网购成瘾是一种疾病。随着网络的发展, 人们喜欢在网上购买物美价廉的东西。但一些人网购成瘾, 常常
22、在网上购买一些过于昂贵和用处不大的东西, 来获得一时的满足。考查形式宾语。句意：互联网给我们带来了在我们自己家里舒适休闲购物的便利。介词with后接宾语, 宾语是the convenience of shopping at our leisure（闲暇）in the comfort of our own home, 因为宾语过长, 此处用形式宾语it代替。故填it。答案：2.for解析：2.考查介词。句意：然而, 对许多人来说, 为了购买便宜货和美食的吸引力会变成一种瘾。由句意可知, 此处指“为了买便宜货”, 表对象用介词for。故填for。答案：3.Researchers解析：3.考查名词的
23、数。此处用名词作主语, 意为“研究者”, 由谓语动词have termed可知, 谓语动词为复数形式, 主语也应是复数形式, 此处用名词复数形式, 首字母大写。故填Researchers。答案：4.be recognized解析：4.考查动词语态。分析句子成分可知, 此处是宾语从句的谓语动词, 从句主语this condition和从句谓语recognize是被动关系, 用被动语态, 从句谓语为should be done形式。故填be recognized。答案：5.simply解析：5.考查副词。此处用副词simply(简单地)作状语修饰动词短语be classed as。故填simply
24、。答案：6.to accumulate解析：6.考查动词不定式。固定句型It is time to do sth. （是做某事的时候了）, 此处用动词不定式(to do)形式。故填to accumulate。答案：7.conducted解析：7.考查时态。此处缺少谓语, 由下文的Their research focused on和Dr. Miller reported that可知, 此研究发生在过去, 用一般过去时。故填conducted。答案：8.who/that解析：8.考查定语从句关系词。此处是定语从句, 先行词是122 patients, 指人, 在从句中作主语, 用关系代词who/
25、that。故填who/that。答案：9.more likely解析：9.考查比较级。由下文的greater可知, 此处用比较级, 表示“更可能”。故填more likely。答案：10.using解析：10.考查动名词。谓语include后用动名词(doing)作宾语, 此处用动名词形式与其他动名词短语(如 buying expensive things they dont need)保持并列。故填using。新知清障素养构建核心词汇1. acclaim n. 表扬, 赞赏He had been working in the United States, where his crack ha
26、nd at jet propulsion had won him acclaim. （教材P19）他一直在美国工作, 在那里, 他在喷气推进方面的精湛技艺为他赢得了赞誉。典例翻译Her performance won her much critical acclaim. 她的表演大获评论界赞颂。 Critical acclaim from people who dont know what theyre talking about is meaningless. 来自不懂自己在说什么的评论者们的赞扬是没意义的。 Andy Lau is a highly acclaimed performanc
27、e artist. 刘德华是深获好评的表演艺术家。 He was acclaimed as Americas greatest filmmaker. 他被赞誉为美国最伟大的电影制作人。 归纳拓展受到广泛好评 receive/gain/win wide acclaim 来自的好评 acclaim from 受到高度/广泛赞扬的演出 a highly/widely acclaimed performance 国际上的/公众的/评论家的赞扬 international/popular/critical acclaim acclaim v. 给予高度评价; 称赞被誉为 be acclaimed as
28、学以致用（1）单句填空He is not the only one who won acclaim from the professor.The work was acclaimed (acclaim)as a masterpiece.His paintings have been widely acclaimed (acclaim).（2）完成句子这位裁判受到广泛好评。The judge gained wide acclaim .这部电影深得评论界和公众的赞扬。The film met with considerable critical and public acclaim .2. har
29、sh adj. 恶劣的, 艰苦的, 严峻的The 23 scientists and many more like them overcame harsh conditions and dedicated much of their lives to their work. （教材P19）23位科学家和更多像他们一样的人克服了恶劣的条件, 把他们一生的大部分时间奉献给了自己的工作。典例翻译The colour is very harsh. 那颜色很刺眼。 The cloth is harsh to the touch. 这块布料摸上去很粗糙。 The punishment was too ha
30、rsh for him. 这种惩罚对他来说太严厉了。 He is too harsh with the children. 他对孩子太严厉了。 归纳拓展刺耳 be harsh to the ear 味涩 be harsh to the taste 摸上去粗糙 be harsh to the touch 对严厉 be harsh with 易混辨析harsh, rough, rude这组词的共同意思是“粗鲁的”“粗糙的”。其区别在于：rough强调言行是粗野的、不温和的。rude强调其源于受教育水平差、文化低、不尊重别人。harsh侧重于指给人以感官上的粗糙、刺激性强。学以致用完成句子那噪声很刺
31、耳。The noise is harsh to the ear .许多粗野的男人都被其妻子教化。 Many a rough man has been civilized by his wife.怀特先生对他如此无礼, 使我们都感到惊异。All of us were astonished that Mr. White was so rude to him .不要对小孩这样凶。Dont be so rough on the child.3. back down 放弃, 退让, 认输Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extre
32、me conditions of the Gobi desert, he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research. （教材P19）多年不与他的家人在一起, 忍受着戈壁沙漠的极端条件, 他拒绝放弃自己的责任, 继续进行科学研究。典例翻译He forced his opponent to back down. 他迫使他的对手让步。 Dont back off. 别打退堂鼓。 He likes sitting in the back of the classro
33、om. 他喜欢坐在教室的后面。 He backed up his arguments with facts. 他以事实支持自己的论点。 归纳拓展后退 back away 后面是, 背靠着 back onto 支持; 为作证 back up 打退堂鼓; 停止威胁 back off back n. 背, 背部; 后部, 背面仰卧 lie on ones back 坐在后面 sit in the back 学以致用单句填空The policeman wouldnt have believed me if you hadnt backed me up .Back off ! Theres no nee
34、d to yell at me.We chose this house because the garden backs onto the tennis courts.The crowd backed away to let the wounded man pass through.Do you lie on your back or your front?4. think outside the box 不拘一格地思考, 跳出框框思考Together, they thought outside the box and broke new ground, leading to the brea
35、kthrough of the hydrogen bomb. （教材P19）他们一起跳出思维定式, 开辟了新的领域, 促成了氢弹的突破。典例翻译We think highly of their research in this field. 我们对他们在这个领域的研究评价很高。 Think over and youll find out that you are wrong. 仔细想想, 你就会发现你错了。 What do you think of the poems the teacher recommended to you? 你认为老师向你推荐的那些诗怎么样？ Lost in thoug
36、ht, he almost ran into the car in front of him. 由于陷入沉思, 他几乎撞到面前的车子。 归纳拓展记起, 想起; 考虑; 想象; 关心 think of 考虑 think about 仔细考虑; 重新考虑 think over 高度评价, 钦佩 think highly of thought n. 思考; 考虑认真考虑, 思考 give thought to 一想到（就） at the thought of 陷入沉思 lost in thought 不假思索; 立即 without a second thought 学以致用完成句子他们立即开除了他
37、。They fired him without a second thought .在旅游时一定要注意保护环境并关心他人。Be sure to pay attention to protecting the environment and think of others when/while traveling.当一个志愿者生病时, 我接替了她的任务。那些美国学生都很钦佩我。When a volunteer was ill, I took over the task from her. Those American students thought very highly of me.重点句型
38、过去完成进行时He had been working in the United States, where his crack hand at jet propulsion had won him acclaim. （教材P19）他一直在美国工作, 在那里, 他在喷气推进方面的精湛技艺为他赢得了赞誉。典例翻译I had been looking for it for days before I found it. 这东西我找了好多天才找着的。 You had been giving me everything. 你对我真是有求必应。 I had only been reading a few
39、 minutes when he came in. 我刚读了几分钟他就进来了。 I had been sleeping when my friend telephoned me. 我正在睡觉时, 我的朋友给我打电话。 归纳拓展（1）表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始, 一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样, 过去完成进行时也必须以一过去时间为前提。（2）表示延续的动作或状态。（3）常用于间接引语中。（4）接具有“突然”之意的when从句。学以致用单句填空They had only been waiting (wait) for the bus a few moments when it came.Recently I found he had been mentioning (mention) your name to me all the time.The doctor asked what he had been eating (eat) in the past 3 weeks.I asked where they had been staying (stay) all those days.
