1、高考题型重组练(十一). 阅读理解A2019湖北省调研 In American countryside, the message we hear is this: Go and get an education. Leave your small town and make something of yourself. Success and opportunity are found elsewhere. After graduating from a high school in Helena, Arkansas, I did go. I went to Colby College in
2、Maine. I had visited the school ahead of time, so I knew what I was getting myself into. I knew about the difference in weather. I understood the difference in social atmosphere. But I wanted to stretch myself and get out of my comfort zone. And you know what? I absolutely loved my time there. But o
3、ne thing took me by surprise the lack of countryside representation. Most of the other students at Colby were from big cities: New York, Boston, Los Angeles, San Francisco. And when I had conversations with these students in or outside of class we almost always focused on topics facing large America
4、n cities. In my education classes, it was always “urban this” and “urban that” It was like small town America didnt exist. And this urban interest doesnt just happen in college. I went to an education conference a couple of years ago, and a professor someone who had been at the forefront of educatio
5、nal reform was there to deliver a keynote. I was chosen to be part of a small group that got to meet with him. So there we were, five or six of us sitting in a room, and I asked him, “What are your thoughts on the state of education in the countryside？” And this man was speechless. Ill never forget
6、that moment. It speaks to a larger truth. Towns like mine are forgotten. This trend of exporting talent and resources to our big cities this mindset of leaving small towns and never coming back I dont want to add to that movement. I want to reverse that movement. Now its my turn to help people young
7、er than me. And you know what? Im a sixth grade teacher in Helena now.体裁：记叙文题材：社会文化主题：美国的乡村逐渐被人遗忘【语篇解读】本文作者通过自己的大学生活经历以及在一次教育会议上与一位教授进行交流的故事说明了美国的乡村正在逐渐被人遗忘的现象，作者也由此决定帮助乡村中的年轻人。1What do people in American countryside think of the future of the youth at home?ASecure. BFragile.CPromising. DBright.答案与解
8、析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Leave your small town and make something of yourself. Success and opportunity are found elsewhere.”可知，在美国的乡村，年轻人的就业前景并不稳定，成功和机会都在别处。故选B项。2What did the author find in his college classroom?AStudents chatted freely.BCountryside was ignored.CHe was looked down upon.DStudents concentra
9、ted on education.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据文章第三段中的“And when I had conversations with these students . it was always urban this and urban that”和第四段“It was like small town America didnt exist.”可知，作者在他的大学课堂中发现大家总是探讨与城市相关的问题，就好像乡村在美国不存在一样。也就是说，乡村被人们忽视了。故选B项。3How would the author feel about the professors reaction
10、?AIts emotional. BIts natural.CIts positive. DIts disappointing.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“Ill never forget that moment. It speaks to a larger truth. Towns like mine are forgotten.”可知，作者在教授对于自己提出的有关乡村的问题无言以对时，意识到像自己家乡那样的乡村被人们遗忘了。由此可推知，作者对此感到失望。故选D项。4What is the author doing now?ATeaching in a college.BFi
11、ghting for the movement.CWorking with the professor.DDevoting himself to his hometown.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“After graduating from a high school in Helena”可知，作者的家乡在海伦娜，再根据最后一段“Now its my turn to help people younger than me. And you know what? Im a sixth grade teacher in Helena now.”可知，作者现在在家乡教书，帮助家乡中
12、的年轻人，为家乡作贡献。故选D项。B2019长沙四校一模 The concept of forgiveness has always remained a vital topic in spirituality. In recent years, more and more research has come out proving its benefits backed by science. In a study conducted by the National University of Singapore and Rotterdam School of Management, Era
13、smus University (RSM), researchers divided 160 university students into two groups. The experiment began with a writing exercise during which the first group were asked to write about a person who they forgave. The second wrote about a situation where they did not forgive another person and still fe
14、lt bitter. After the writing exercise, the researchers measured how high each participant could jump in centimeters. The results found that those who had written about forgiveness jumped higher, on average, than those who focused on negative (消极的) feelings. “A state of being unforgiving is like carr
15、ying a heavy burden, a burden that victims bring with them when they face the physical world. Forgiveness can lighten this burden，” the team explains. “The benefits of forgiveness may go beyond the constructive consequences that have been discovered in the psychological and health fields，” writes Xu
16、e Zheng of RSM. “Our research shows that forgivers perform better on challenging physical tasks.” In addition, the study noted that holding on to grudges can increase deep thinking, which may decrease the availability of cognitive (认知的) resources that can otherwise be used to deal with physical chal
17、lenges such as jumping or climbing a hill. In other words, focusing on negative thoughts about someone who has harmed us takes up energy that would otherwise be better spent elsewhere. So if you find yourself carrying that feeling, consider this: By holding on to the pain of the past, we bear that b
18、urden on ourselves. By replacing anger with positive feelings of understanding and sympathy for the one who has hurt us, we get rid of the heavy burden of anger weighing on the mind and body.体裁：说明文题材：心理调节主题：原谅【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，不愿意原谅别人除了给自己带来心理压力外，还会加重身体负担，不利于身心健康。【难句分析】In other words, focusing on
19、negative thoughts about someone who has harmed us takes up energy that would otherwise be better spent elsewhere.分析：本句是主从复合句，句子主干是focusing on negative thoughts about someone takes up energy。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词someone；that引导定语从句修饰先行词energy，且从句本身用了虚拟语气，其中的otherwise是虚拟语气标志词。译文：换句话说，把注意力放在对伤害我们的人的负面想法上会占用我们
20、的精力，而这种精力本可以更好地用在其他地方。5What were the second group asked to write about?ACases where they got lasting hurt.BPleasure they were happy to share.CSomeone who once helped them out.DLessons they learnt from their experience.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The second wrote about a situation where they did not forgiv
21、e another person and still felt bitter”可知，第二组学生被要求写一个他们不愿意原谅某人，并且回想起来仍然难过的经历，故A项“他们受到持久伤害的情形”正确。6How did the researchers conduct their study?ABy comparing information collected.BBy giving challenging physical tasks.CBy holding high jump competitions.DBy interviewing some university students.答案与解析：A考
22、查推理判断。根据第二段可知，研究人员搜集两组学生跳高的数据，发现描述自己原谅别人的学生跳得比情绪消极的学生高。由此可见，研究人员通过对搜集的数据作对比来开展研究。7Which does the underlined word “grudges” in paragraph 4 probably refer to?AAppreciation BToleranceCHate DSuffering答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。结合第四段内容对grudges造成的后果“increase deep thinking, which may decrease the availability of cognit
23、ive (认知的) resources that can otherwise be used to deal with physical challenges such as jumping or climbing a hill”这一描述可知，画线词的意思是“怨恨，怀恨”，与hate意思相近。8What does the author advise readers to do at last?ABe positive about the future.BHope for the best.CReduce the working burden.DLet go of your pain.答案与解析
24、：D考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“By holding on to the pain of the past. get rid of the heavy burden of anger weighing on the mind and body”可知，作者建议人们原谅伤害自己的人，释放心中的痛苦，减轻自己的负担。.完形填空2019黑龙江省检测I took an auto rickshaw (人力车) from the town to the medical college where my friends mother was _1_. As I was _2_ back pain, I a
25、sked the driver, a pretty young boy, to ride it _3_. Though I was _4_ some rude replies like how it usually is, he replied “Okay, Sir.”gently and _5_ his word.On reaching _6_ I asked him how much and _7_ he pointed to a box kept near to his seat and replied, “Put anything that you think is _8_ for t
26、his ride.” I got _9_ for a minute and then I saw a label over the box and I _10_ donation for the needy patients.Meanwhile, the watchman _11_ to us asking us to move the vehicle. But seeing the driver, he smiled and said “Hello, Sir.” The driver smiled at him and left. Upon _12_ I asked the watchman
27、 more about him, to which his reply was this: Hes a _13_ here. His parents died earlier. The superintendent (负责人) of our hospital gave him this auto as a _14_ for passing the exams with good marks. He _15_ half of his earning in the first month to _16_ for the auto, to which the superintendent said
28、NO with a smile. He then started _17_ rides to the medical college _18_ or asking people to put the money in the box. At the end of every month, he uses it for the _19_ of poor people in our hospital.I was _20_. I didnt know what to say. I find myself very fortunate to have a ride with this MBBS stu
29、dent who is actually a super human being.体裁：记叙文题材：人物故事主题：好人好事【语篇解读】本文叙述了作者的一次乘车经历。在乘车过程中，司机不收费用，作者对此感到很好奇，后来作者了解到该司机免费提供到医科大学的交通服务、为穷人支付医疗费用，认为他是个好人。1A.received BadoptedCsettled Dadmitted答案与解析：D句中where引导定语从句，根据其先行词“the medical college”可知，此处指作者坐人力车去了朋友妈妈曾上的医科大学。故选D项。2A.suffering from Blearning aboutC
30、researching into Dfocusing on答案与解析：A根据空后的back pain可知，作者背疼。suffer from意为“患有”。故选A项。3A.naturally BelegantlyCsmoothly Dcomfortably答案与解析：C作者背疼，故要求司机把车驾驶得平稳些。smoothly意为“平稳地”。故选C项。4A.guessing BexpectingCimagining Dsaying答案与解析：B根据空后的“some rude replies like how it usually is”可知，作者根据通常的情况预料对方会给出粗鲁的回复。expect意为
31、“预料”。故选B项。5A.weighed BconsideredCkept Dhad答案与解析：C根据司机所给予的回答“Okay, Sir.”及“gently”等信息可以推知，司机答应了作者，且这么做了。keep ones word为固定搭配，意为“信守诺言”。故选C项。6A.spot BdestinationCaddress Dlocation答案与解析：B根据第一段开头一句可知，作者坐了一辆人力车去医科大学，再联系空后的“I asked him how much”可知，此时到达了目的地。destination意为“目的地”。故选B项。7A.in return Bin peaceCin pl
32、ace Din order答案与解析：A根据句子前半句可知，作者询问需要支付多少车费，故此处是司机给予的回应。in return意为“作为回报”，此处可延伸理解为回应某人。故选A项。8A.accurate BcountableCsatisfactory Dequal答案与解析：C根据司机的回答可知，他并没有给出所要支付的具体的钱数，再联系下文中作者在盒子上看到的标签的内容可以推知，司机告诉作者认为值多少钱就付多少。satisfactory意为“合适的；令人满意的”。故选C项。9A.delighted BdisappointedCamused Dconfused答案与解析：D作者想知道需要支付的
33、钱数，可是对方并没有给出具体的回答，故可以推知作者对此感到困惑。confused意为“困惑的”。故选D项。10A.wrote BreadCmarked Dstated答案与解析：B根据空前的“I saw a label over the box”可知，作者阅读了盒子上面标签上写的文字为贫困病人募捐。故选B项。11A.urged BskippedCmarched Drushed答案与解析：D根据空后的“asking us to move the vehicle”可知，警卫跑过来让把车移走。urge意为“催促”，表示“催促某人”时其后不加介词。12A.anxiety BapologyCamusem
34、ent Dappreciation答案与解析：A根据空后的“I asked the watchman more about him”可知，作者还没弄清情况时，那位司机已经离开，于是出于担心向警卫了解了更多有关司机的情况。anxiety意为“焦虑；担心”。故选A项。13A.driver BstudentCdirector Dpatient答案与解析：B根据下文中的“for passing the exams with good marks”可推知，此处男孩的身份是学生。故选B项。14A.vehicle BsouvenirCgift Dcondition答案与解析：C根据空后的“for passi
35、ng the exams with good marks”可知，是因为考试取得不错的成绩而送他的礼物。故选C项。15A.came up with Bput up withCadded up to Dgot hold of答案与解析：A根据空后的“half of his earning”可知，他拿出第一个月一半的收入支付车辆的花费，这和后面的“for the auto”是相互联系的。come up with在此处意为“拿出，提供(钱款)”。故选A项。16A.answer BexchangeCsave Drepay答案与解析：D根据上文内容可知，车是当作礼物送给他的，但是他想要偿还。repay意为
36、“偿还”。故选D项。17A.agreeing BrentingCoffering Dcharging答案与解析：C医院负责人没有收他的钱，所以他就开始提供到医科大学的交通服务。故选C项。18A.on purpose Bfor freeCin person Dby chance答案与解析：B他打算通过提供交通服务来回报负责人赠予他的车辆，所以服务应该是免费的。for free意为“免费地”；in person意为“亲自地”。故选B项。19A.donation BentertainmentCtreatment Dsympathy答案与解析：C根据上文中的“asking people to put the money in the box”和空后的“poor people”可知，他将挣到的钱用来帮医院的穷人支付医疗费。treatment意为“治疗”；sympathy意为“同情”。故选C项。20A.excited BworriedCdepressed Dshocked答案与解析：D上一段主要是警卫介绍了司机的情况，联系下句“I didnt know what to say.”可知，作者感到很震惊。shocked意为“震惊的”。故选D项。
