1、江苏省射阳县第二中学2020至2021学年度高一年级下期期初考试英 语 试 卷一、 阅读理解(15*2.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASeveral years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why passwords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless deman
2、d to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives.There was a former prisoner whose password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go
3、 back. And there was a childless 45yearold woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25(her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess)Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people said they used “incorrect” for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically p
4、romoted them with the right one(“your password is incorrect”)Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandbergs book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running partner of mine, found her role model and began using “Wwssdo19”，which stood for “What
5、 would Sheryl Sandberg do” plus “19” for the year (2019) of the passwords creation. “TnsitTpsif” was the password of another friend, a computer scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for “The next sentence is true. The previous sentence is false”. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the kno
6、ts that language can tie.The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her fathers childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address(4622 South 28th West Avenue) in one f
7、ull breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter(口吃) would embarrass him.() 1. Why did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his password?A. To rebuild his reputation. B. To remind him to act legally.C. To fight against his poor memory. D. To hide the unpleasant experience.()
8、 2. What did Cortni Kerr think of Sheryl Sandbergs book?A. Inspiring. B. Interesting. C. Creative. D. Doubtful.() 3. What might be the best title for the text?A. The Reasons Why People Hate PasswordsB. The Unusual PasswordsC. The Secret Lives of PasswordsD. The Best Ways to Make Your Passwords Uniqu
9、eBGuess what former Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and former United States President Donald Trumps granddaughter, Arabella Kushner, have in common? They both study Chinese as a second language.Although Chinese is known as one of the hardest languages to learn, a
10、lot of people from different backgrounds are studying it with hopes of big benefits.Nov.1, 2019 saw more than 120 people, coming from 105 countries, compete in the finals of the 12th “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition for foreign secondary school students. Held in Zhengzhou, Henan Prov
11、ince, the finals was mainly made up of speech contests and talent shows. The contestants also visited the Shaolin Temple, Longmen Grottoes and other historical sites in Henan.While reasons for learning Chinese were different, a common one was interest in the countrys rich culture and rapid developme
12、nt.Raissa, 17, from the Union of Comoros, developed a strong emotional connection with China after her grandmother was cured by doctors of the Chinese medical team in Africa three years ago. This led her to learn Chinese at a local Confucius Institute. Fascinated by Chinese culture, the competitor h
13、as taken part in activities on traditional Chinese medicine and folk arts during her first trip to China. “My dream is to study medicine in China so that I could cure patients like the Chinese doctors did，” she said.For Fekete Marcell Zoltan, 17, from the HungarianChinese Bilingual School, studying
14、Chinese may secure him a future job as a Hungarian diplomat(外交官) to China. “After graduation from high school, I would like to further my studies in China，” he said.Robert Davis, director of the Chineselanguage programme in Chicagos public school system, may give you a hint. “Chinese isnt the new Fr
15、ench. Its the new English, which is widely used all over the world，” he told CGTN.() 4. Why are Kevin Rudd, Mark Zuckerberg and Arabella Kushner mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To show Chinese is popular.B. To introduce them to the readers.C. To tell the readers they love China.D. To stress the importan
16、ce of learning Chinese.() 5. The underlined word “Fascinated” in paragraph 6 can be replaced by “_”A. Inspected B. Employed C. Attracted D. Appreciated() 6. What is the common reason for the competitors to learn Chinese?A. Its easy to learn.B. They want to become a doctor.C. They hope for a good job
17、 after graduation.D. They have interest in Chinese culture and rapid development.() 7. What is Robert Davis attitude to learning Chinese?A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Upset.CWhen I was a small boy, I noticed that though many of the adults around me were wealthy and educated, they we
18、re not always happy and this sometimes led them to behave in ways, which I, as a child, thought strange. As a result of that, I decided to try to understand what happiness was and how best to achieve it. It was not surprising, then, that I decided to study psychology.On arrival at the university, I
19、was disappointed to find that academic psychologists were trying to understand human behaviour by studying rats in a lab. I felt that there must be other more useful ways of learning how we think and feel. I decided to build my career on trying to discover what made others happy. I started out by st
20、udying creative people such as musicians, artists and athletes because they were people who devoted their lives to doing what they wanted to do, rather than things that just brought them financial rewards.Later, I expanded the study by inventing a system called “the experience sampling method”. Ordi
21、nary people were asked to keep an electronic pager(传呼机) for a week which gave out a beeping sound eight times a day. Every time it did so, they wrote down where they were, what they were doing, how they felt and how much they were concentrating. This system has now been used on more than 10，000 peop
22、le, and the answers are consistent: as with creative people, ordinary people are happiest when concentrating hard.I found that the most obvious cause of happiness is intense concentration. This must be the main reason why activities such as music, art, literature, sports and other forms of leisure h
23、ave survived. In order to concentrate, whether youre reading a poem or building a sandcastle, what you need is a challenge that matches your ability. The way to remain continually happy, therefore, is to keep finding new opportunities to improve your skills. This may mean learning to do your job bet
24、ter or faster, or doing other more difficult jobs. As you grow older, you have to find new challenges which are more appropriate to your age.() 8. What led the author to study psychology?A. His determination to become rich. B. His observation of adults.C. His unhappy childhood. D. His interest in st
25、rangers.() 9. Who were the authors study subjects at the start of his career?A. People having deep affection for their career.B. People very aware of their personal life.C. People successful in acquiring wealth.D. People with more freedom.() 10. The author used his system to show that _A. peoples ha
26、ppiness depends on who they are withB. people are happier when they focus on an activityC. creative people are happier than ordinary peopleD. ordinary people find it hard to concentrate() 11. According to the text, people concentrate more when they are doing _A. something strange and enjoyable B.thi
27、ngs appropriate to their ages C. something difficult but possible D. many things at the same timeDHave you ever wondered why certain pop songs just make you feel so good? Researchers studying the question found that uncertainty and surprise give listeners the most pleasure. The study included 80，000
28、 chords(和弦) in 745 pop songs between 1958 and 1991.Each song was stripped of its melody(旋律) and lyrics(歌词) so that only chords were left and the results couldnt be misunderstood by other imaginations of the songs that listeners might have had.They found two things. Listeners got great pleasure from
29、unexpected chords when they knew what would happen. However, they still found it pleasant to hear familiar chords when they did not know what would follow.Vincent Cheung, the lead researcher, said, “Pleasant songs are likely those which keep a good balance between knowing what is going to happen nex
30、t and surprising us with something we did not expect. Understanding how music starts our pleasure system in the brain could explain why listening to music might help us feel better when we are feeling blue.”Cheung told CNN that pleasure in music is connected to expectation. The study before had look
31、ed into the effects of surprise on pleasure, but his teams study also paid attention to the uncertainty of listeners expectations.()12. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A. Played. B. Added. C. Taken. D. Recorded.()13. What does the study find?A. Expected music is exciting. B. Unexpe
32、cted chords bring pleasure.C. Familiar music is boring. D. Unfamiliar chords are hard to follow.()14. What can we learn about pleasant songs from Cheungs words?A. They can explain human nature. B. They can improve our pleasure system.C. They make some people feel blue. D.They balance expectation and
33、 surprise.()15. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce the findings of a scientific study.B. To show the importance of music in our life.C. To compare different studies on music.D. To experiment music in science.二、七选五(5*2.5分)China has been the birthplace of many of the worlds greatest in
34、ventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling. _1_ This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering._2_ In 1200 BC, people i
35、n China began to use shells(贝壳) as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.In the years which followed this invention, many other countries arou
36、nd the world began to do the same. _3_The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasnt long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. _4_ By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Em
37、pire.About 1，000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. _5_A. People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.B. However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.C. It was still many yea
38、rs before paper currency appeared in Europe.D. They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.E. As time went by, trade between countries increased.F. During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.G. The very first coins often had holes in them so that peopl
39、e could string them together.三、 完形填空(15*2) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a young boy, Britains great former Prime Minister(首相), Sir Winston Churchill attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student and nearly _21_ from the school for breaking the rules. _22_, he did fi
40、nish his schoolwork and his mistakes there did not prevent him from going on to a university. He even really had an army experience, for which he was later elected _23_. He achieved it for his wisdom and courage. Because he once refused to _24_ during the painful days of World War . His amazing dete
41、rmination helped inspire his entire nation and was an _25_ worldwide.Towards the end of his period as prime minister, he was _26_ to make a speech to the students at his old school. When the great day arrived, Sir Winston Churchill gave his short, clearcut speech：“Young man, never give up. Never giv
42、e up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never！”Another _27_ example is Sandra Day OConnor who fought to achieve her best education. Graduating at the top of her class, she worked her _28_ into Stanford Law School, where she graduated with _29_. Though working hard, she was _30_ a woman in the 1950
43、s. She was refused by many law firms _31_ they preferred to hire a less qualified(有资格的) man _32_ a great woman lawyer. Yet she refused to give up on her dreams. With great efforts her dream finally came true.Just like Churchill and Sandra, they stand for those who never give up. _33_， many people in
44、 our daily life simply say they want something but without making efforts. Instead, they let the fear of failure stop them from trying. As a wise saying goes: “Its not how many times you fall down that _34_. Its how many times you get back up that makes success！” With hard work, _35_ and preparation
45、, you can overcome any difficulty and achieve success.() 21. A. removed B.replaced C.returned D.refused() 22. A.Thankfully B.Briefly C.Personally D.Carefully() 23. A.doctor B.minister C.worker D.teacher() 24. A.give out B.give off C.give in D.give away() 25. A. interview B.information C.introduction
46、 D.inspiration () 26. A.required B.succeeded C.invited D.ordered() 27. A.familiar B.similar C.practical D.different() 28. A.route B.power C.way D.path() 29. A.heights B.harvests C.humour D.honours() 30. A.still B.never C.once D.hardly() 31. A.when B.as C.although D.if() 32. A.other than B.more than
47、C.rather than D.less than() 33. A.Therefore B.However C.Besides D.Again() 34. A.deserves B.affects C.amazes D.matters() 35. A.imagination B.creativity C.interest D.determination四、 单词拼写(10*1)1. Its reported that the o_ settlers there were the Indians.2. C_ us if you want more goods information, and w
48、e are ready to provide service for you! 3. When nutrients are in short supply the body cannot f_ properly.4. Jane admits that she cant s_ out all the mess in the households, even though she knows it drives her mother crazy.5. An important f_ of Chinese painting is that a painter should combine pictu
49、res, poems, calligraphy and seals perfectly.6. We gave our classroom a _(彻底的) cleaning before the National Day.7. Many _(外部的) influences can affect your state of mind.8. The baby birds that most closely _(模仿) their mums voice were rewarded with the most food.9. It was thanks to your timely help that
50、 we _(完成) the task on time.10. This voyage was the most exciting _(冒险经历) of their lives. 五、语法填空(10*1)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese New Year, 1. _starts on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar, is considered as Chinas most important holiday. It 2. (know) as the Spring Festival.The Sp
51、ring Festival starts at the beginning 3. _ the new moon. It often happens between January and February. It usually 4. (last) about half a month until the Lantern Festival(元宵节), which gives everyone plenty of time for celebration.5. (traditional), red envelopes with money in are gifted during the Spr
52、ing Festival celebrations. Its a custom which goes back to ancient times. However, when the tradition 6. (start) is unknown. Whatever the reason is, the red envelope is an important part of Chinese New Year to this day.The firework is another big part of Chinese New Year. A 7. (write) shared the fol
53、lowing story on a website. An old man saved a town from a terrible monster(怪兽) by throwing many 8. _(bamboo) into the fire. The explosion caused by the bamboos frightened off the monster. As 9. result, Chinese people set off fireworks(爆竹) during Chinese New Year celebrations 10. _(avoid) the evil sp
54、irits of the past.1._2._3._4._5._6. _7._8._9._10._江苏省射阳县第二中学2020至2021学年度高一年级下期期初考试答案1-3BAC4-7ACDB8-11BABC12-15CBDA16-20 FBDGC21-25 AABCD26-30 CBCDA31-35 BCBDD1.original2.Contact3.function4.sort5.feature6.thorough7.external8.imitated9.accomplished10.adventure1.which2.is known3.of4.lasts5.Traditionally6.started7.writer8.bamboos9.a10.to avoid
