1、备战2022中考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(中考真题+各地模拟题)专题63 友谊Passage 1（2021江苏无锡中考真题）Making friends at school can be a little tricky - but it doesnt have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school. Before you know it, youll have a group of friends to
2、 have fun with every day!Be friendly.Using proper body language will help, Stand up straight, make eye contact with people, and smile! Try to avoid crossing your arms over your chest and looking closed off. The more open and friendly you look, the more people will want to get to know you.Sit at a ne
3、w table during _.Look for tables with an open seat. If youre feeling a little nervous, pick a table that only has one or two people sitting down. Head over and ask if you can sit there, then join in on the conversation. If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day
4、. Try out for a sports team.Pick a sport that you like (it could be soccer, basketball, softball, baseball, or anything in between), and try out for the team. Over time, you could become good friends with some of the other people on your team! If your school doesnt have a sports team, try looking fo
5、r one at your local community center.Join an after-school club.Meet friends who have the same hobby as you. Ask a teacher or your parents for a list of after school activities and pick 1 or 2 of them that youre the most excited about. Introduce yourself to everyone when you attended your first club
6、meeting to meet new people and start a fun conversation.1Which word is the most suitable for _?AholidayBclassCmeetingDlunch2This passage is mainly about _.Ahow to talk to a strangerBhow to make friendsChow to start a conversationDhow to choose activities3This passage is most probably written for _.A
7、school studentsBschool teachersCyounger parentsDolder parentsPassage 2（2021江苏泰州中考真题）Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in China for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this m
8、atter.One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writers opinion, foreigners are an opportunity (机会) to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the for
9、eigner doesnt want to answer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldnt want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between Chinese and foreigners in China.Like most other Lao Wai living in China, I know how lonel
10、y one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese language skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today an
11、d made some very close Chinese friends.However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an opportunity to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to trouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speech
12、es in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation. I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner .Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about spending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice
13、 to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush. _ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English
14、, then you will probably find that you dont have a foreign friend for long.4Where is the writer of this passage from?AAmericaBChinaCCanadaDEngland5Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book How to make friends with foreigners ?ABecause he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.BB
15、ecause he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,CBecause no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.DBecause he wants to know about the Chinese writers advice on this topic.6According to the writer of the book How to make friends with foreigners , _.Ahis advice may make foreign
16、ers angryBit is rude of you to ask a foreigner questionsCyou should choose a good foreigner to practise English withDdont waste time on a foreigner who doesnt answer your questions7In the fourth paragraph, the writer uses I have had three times, because _.Ahe had no better sentences to express his i
17、deas.Bhe wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.Che wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.Dhe met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.8Which sentence may be the best to fill in the _ in the last paragraph?ATrue friendships stand (经得起
18、) the test of time.BLearn about different cultures to make real friends.CFriends are about opportunities or personal advantages.DTheres real friendship between people from different countries.Passage 3（2018西藏中考真题）Friends are important in our life. Some people even say they cant live without friendsh
19、ip. Friendship is one mind in two bodies. Your friend is the person who knows all about you and still likes you. A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.Some friends come into our lives for just a short time. Others come and stay forever. Think about your closest frien
20、ds. How long have you known each other? Some people say that their family members are their best friends. Others say they have known their closest friends for many years. And some great friends havent known each other all that long, but know right away that there is a connection or bond between them
21、. Could it be that there is a twin spirit out there for each of us?What turns a stranger into a friend? Do you know right away if you are going to like someone? Some people think that any stranger can become a friend if they spend enough time together. That may be true for some people. But one thing
22、 most of us agree on is that true friendship seems to happen when people have something in common. Perhaps we can see a part of ourselves in our friends. Maybe seeing the good in them helps us to see the good in us as well.9The writer thinks that a real friend is one _.Awho knows all about youBwho l
23、ikes you at any timeCwho walks out when the rest of the world walks inDwho walks in when the rest of the world walks out10What does the underlined word “bond” mean in Chinese?A联系B交流C爱好D友谊11Most people think that true friendship seems to happen when people _.Ahave the same interest in everythingBhave
24、 the same true friendsChave known each other for longDhave something in common12Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AAll friends stay in our lives forever.BIf you havent known each other for long, you can never be friends.CStrangers can never turn into true friends.DMaybe we can
25、see a part of ourselves in our friends.13The best title for the passage will probably be “_”.AFamily Members and FriendshipBReal Friends and True FriendshipCHow to Make More FriendsDWays to Get Along Well with OthersPassage 4（2021山东历下三模）An American girl named Katy lived happily with her mother in Or
26、egon State. One year, she was going to turn eight and it was time for a big celebration. Katy was very excited about celebrating her birthday that day. Her mother had already made the house shine with beautiful balloons. Different kinds of toys and flowers. She had also prepared many snacks like cho
27、colate chip cookies, strawberry muffins, fried chicken and lots of lemonade to drink.Katy had invited a lot of friends from her school and she was waiting eagerly (渴望地) for her friends to arrive. Soon, there was a knock at the door. A boy with messy hair and dirty clothes stood at the door, Katy bec
28、ame angry and shouted, “Go away, boys! Dont keep standing at my door.” Katys mother saw this but before she could say anything, Katys friends came. The girls played many games and had much fun until evening.After they had left, Katy saw the same boy still standing across the street. Her mother said
29、gently, “You should invite him in and share food with him, Katy. Your happiness will double if you share!” Katy understood and invited the boy in. Later, she felt happy helping someone in need. And she got a new friend, too.14How old was Katy when the story happened?AFour.BSix.CEight.DTen.15How did
30、Katy feel about the party?AUneasy.BWorried.CExcited.DCrazy.16What kind of snacks Katy couldnt enjoy at the party?AChocolate cakes.BStrawberry muffins.CFried chicken.DChocolate chip cookies.17Who invited the boy into the house at last?AKaty.BKatys mother.CKatys friends.DNobody.18What did Katy learn t
31、hat day?AThere must be many snacks for every party.BShe should shout at people in dirty clothes.CIts not necessary to help people in need.DHer happiness will double if she shares.Passage 5（2021福建厦门一中模拟预测）When Tom brought his lunch to her table, Lynn knew something was up. “Your friends are over ther
32、e.” She said, nodding towards the other side of the cafeteria（餐厅）.“Id rather sit here today.” Tom replied. He took a bite of his pizza and looked around the cafeteria. Lynn stared straight and stayed silent.“So, whats new?” Tom asked. Lynn picked at her food, pretending that she hadnt heard him. “Lo
33、ok, Lynn. Im sorry.” Tom said, “I was just kidding about your shoes.”“I cant believe you said that in front of everyone.” Lynn said. Anger rose inside her. but she kept control of herself. “My mom bought me those shoes because she thought I liked them. Now everyones going to call me sparkle toes（闪亮鞋
34、子）forever.” She pushed her feet under her backpack, which she had placed on the floor. She tried her best to hide the silver shoes with glittery（闪光的）laces（鞋带）.“I thought we were friends.” she said, looking down.“We are friends,” Tom said. “I was just trying to be funny. How can I make it up to you?”
35、Finally, Lynn realized that Tom meant what he said. She had an idea. She began taking off her shoes. “Give me your laces. You wear mine for the rest of the day” she said.Then, she glanced at the second piece of pizza on Toms plate, “And give me your other slice of pizza. Then we will be even.”Tom no
36、dded and smiled. “That seems fair,” he said, pushing his plate to Lynn with one hand and reaching down to untie his laces with the other.19Why does Tom sit with Lynn at lunchtime?AHe wants to invite Lynn to a party.BLynn asks Tom to sit together.CLynn asks Tom for help.DTom wants to say sorry.20What
37、 do they exchange?AShoes.BShoelaces.CLunches.DBackpacks.21How does Lynn feel when Tom says sorry?AAngryBExcitedCKindDDown22Whats the meaning of underlined word “even”?A甚至B偶数C黄昏D平等23What happened before the story began?ATom borrowed shoes from Lynn.BTom and Lynn had a fought.CTom laughed about Lynns
38、sparkle shoes.DTom bought Lynn a pair of new shoes.Passage 6（2021江苏徐州二模）In choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you only if you have money
39、or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.How do I know when I have found a good friend?Above all else, I think understanding is the most important. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to give his opinion. Instead, he tries to learn from others.
40、He puts himself in the other persons place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.A good friend is honest. He does not look for faults (过错) in others. He notices their good points. In short, a friend will try to understand me and accept me.Another quality of a friend is reliability. I can alwa
41、ys depend on a reliable friend. If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need help, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me. If I have any secrets, I can always share with him and hell keep them for
42、 me.There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we would enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are fun to be with. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend h
43、as a good sense of humour, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the same quality in me.When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know Ive found a true friend!24If you have fair-weather friends, _.At
44、hey will give you all that they have when you need helpByou will be refused when you get into troubleCyou will become richDyou can be sure that you get-real friends25What does the underlined word “reliability” mean?A诚实B背叛C可靠D坚强26Good friends shouldnt_.Aunderstand each others feelingsBshare the exper
45、ience and learn from each otherCalways point out each others mistakesDhave fun and make each other happy27This passage mainly discusses_.Athe qualities of a friendBwhere to choose friendsChow to get along with friendsDthe importance of having a friendPassage 7（2021河北石家庄模拟预测）“Keep your eyes on your p
46、aper” is one of the rules that Mrs. Archer has taught us. Its a simple rule, but its not a rule everybody chooses to follow.This morning, I had an experience with a “rule breaker” during an English exam. I felt somebody was watching me too closely. I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat rig
47、ht behind me. My eyes caught his and he said in a low voice. “Let me see your answers!” I gave him a smile, not sure if he was joking, and returned to my test. This time I moved a little more closely towards my own paper. “I cant see!” James said in a low voice.“What am I going to do?” I thought to
48、myself. Cheating was against my beliefs. I curled my arm around my answers.“Hes your friend, and what are friends for?”“You know its wrong.”I trapped the top of my desk, hoping for an easy way out of this matter. No easy answer came. I just knew I had to do what I felt was right, even if made James
49、mad. So I guarded my paper so that he couldnt see my answers.When the exam ended, I stood there for a moment, searching for the right words to say to James. “Sorry, James, but you know me well to understand how I feel about cheating.” I said slowly and softly. “But maybe I could help you study befor
50、e the next test.” “OK, Brain”, he smiled. “It might not be easy, but Ill give it a try.”I felt happy that my friendship with James hadnt been destroyed. Mrs. Archer would be proud.28Who was the rule breaker?AMrs. Archer.BJames.CBrain. DA boy on the left.29Which three actions had the same purpose?I g
51、ave him a smile.I moved a little more closely towards my paper.I curled my arm around my answers.I tapped the top of my desk.I guarded my paper so that he couldnt see my answers.ABCD30Who said the two underlined sentences and in what way?ABrain, silently in his mind.BJames, in a low voice.CMrs. Arch
52、er, slowly and softlyDBrain and James, to each other.31Why did the writer think Mrs. Archer would be proud?ABecause he and James helped each other in the exam.BBecause both he and James did very well in the exam.CBecause he didnt let James copy his answers in the exam.DBecause he followed the rule a
53、nd kept friendship with James.Passage 8（2021河北石家庄市第二十八中学二模）Friends are a part of our lives. In my life, I have a best friend who means a lot to me. My life would be less colorful without her. Although we sometimes argue, we still treat each other as best friends.We met each other four years ago. She
54、 said hello to me with a sweet smile. I guessed that she was a gentle girl. And she really was. When I was in trouble, she always stood by me and made me feel better.This winter holiday, we went to the amusement(娱乐) park Happy Valley together. We had fun together on the roller coaster(过山车). We held
55、each others hands and shouted loudly when we were riding the roller coaster. It was so exciting. The ride made me feel a little sick, so she bought a bottle of water for me. This experience left me with a lot of good memories and made our friendship stronger.There is a line in the movie Soulmate tha
56、t says, “If you step on someones shadow(阴影), you will never leave each other.” So I will try my best to “step on her shadow.” Many adults think that children cant be friends forever. But I dont believe this.Maybe we wont always spend all of our time together. But I will enjoy the time I spend with h
57、er and the good memories she has given me.32What did the writer and her friend do during the winter holiday?AThey spent all of their time together.BThey volunteered at an amusement park.CThey rode a roller coaster happily together.DThey watched the movie Soulmate.33The writer will “step on her frien
58、ds shadow” because _.Ashe hopes their friendship will last foreverBshe wants to play a game with her friendCshe wants her life to be like a movieDshe can only do this before becoming an adult34From the passage, we can infer(推断) the writers friend is _.Agentle and strongBstrong and smartChonest and b
59、raveDhelpful and caring参考答案：1D2B3A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文是就如何在学校交朋友给出了一些方法和建议。1词义猜测题。根据“Sit at a new table during .”结合图片内容及下文的描述“Look for tables with an open seat. If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day.”可知此处应是建议“在午餐时间坐在一张新桌子旁边”，故选D。2主旨大意题。根据“Making friends at schoo
60、l can be a little tricky - but it doesnt have to be! Try out a few of these methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school.”结合文章内容，可知本文主要是就如何在学校交朋友给出了一些方法和建议，故选B。3推理判断题。根据“Making friends at school can be a little tricky - but it doesnt have to be! Try out a few of t
61、hese methods to talk to people in your class and hang out with them outside of school.”在学校交朋友可能有点棘手但它并不一定是这样的，试着用这些方法和你班上的人交谈，在校外和他们一起玩。可以推知这篇文章应该是写给学生的，故选A。4C5D6C7C8A【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一位在中国生活的加拿大人谈论如何与外国人建立和保持友谊，他认为要把外国人当作人，而不是机会，才能一步一步地建立友谊。4细节理解题。根据第一段“As a Canadian living in China for a year”可知，作者来自加
62、拿大，故选C。5细节理解题。根据第一段“I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter”可知，作者对这本书很感兴趣，是因为他想知道一位中国作家在这个问题上给出了什么样的建议，故选D。6细节理解题。根据第二段“In the writers opinion, foreigners are an opportunity to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you s
63、hould practise speaking English with him or her.”可知，书的作者认为外国人是提高你英语口语的“机会”，每当你见到外国人，你应该和他或她练习说英语，故选C。7细节理解题。根据第二段“One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry.”以及第四段“However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an opportunity to imp
64、rove their oral English.”可知，这里作者用了三次“I have had”，因为他想表明他是多么讨厌被当作“机会”来对待，故选C。8词句猜测题。根据前一句“Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush.”可知，这里作者想告诉我们要一步一步地建立友谊，在一段时间内，不要匆忙，真正的友谊经得起时间的考验的，故选A。9D10A11D12D13B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。探讨的是关于朋友和友谊的话题。作者在文章中为我们诠释了什么是真正的朋友等内容。9细节理解题。根
65、据“A real friend is one who walks in when the rest of the world walks out.”可知真正的朋友会在整个世界都离你远去的时候，仍然与你并肩。故选D。10词义猜测题。根据“Could it be that there is a twin spirit out there for each of us?”问到“会不会我们每个人都有一个孪生的灵魂呢？”，可知认识不久就成为朋友，bond与connection意思相近，意为“联系”。故选A。11细节理解题。根据“But one thing most of us agree on is t
66、hat true friendship seems to happen when people have something in common.”可知大部分人认为真正的朋友有共同之处。故选D。12细节理解题。根据“Perhaps we can see a part of ourselves in our friends.”可知也许我们可以在朋友身上看到自己的影子，D项正确。故选D。13标题归纳题。文章阐述了朋友和友谊的真正含义，用“Real Friends and True Friendship”做标题最合适。故选B。14C15C16A17A18D【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了在Katy的妈
67、妈为她庆祝八岁生日的那天，家门口出现了一个头发凌乱并且衣服脏兮兮的男孩，Katy起初对他大喊，让他走开，但是她的妈妈告诉她，应该邀请这个男孩一起进来，和他分享食物。通过这件事，Katy也懂得了如果她分享, 她的幸福会加倍。14细节理解题。根据“One year, she was going to turn eight and it was time for a big celebration. Katy was very excited about celebrating her birthday that day.”可知，她即将年满八岁。Katy非常高兴能在那天庆祝她的生日。故选C。15细节
68、理解题。根据“Katy was very excited about celebrating her birthday that day.”可知，Katy非常高兴能在那天庆祝她的生日。故选C。16细节理解题。根据“She had also prepared many snacks like chocolate chip cookies, cheese cakes”可知，她准备了草莓松饼、炸鸡和大量柠檬水等零食，但是没有巧克力蛋糕。故选A。17细节理解题。根据“Katy understood and invited the boy in.”可知，最终是Katy邀请男孩进来了。故选A。18推理判断
69、题。根据“Her mother said gently, “You should invite him in and share food with him, Katy. Your happiness will double if you share!”可知，如果她分享， 她的幸福会加倍。故选D。19D20B21A22D23C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了汤姆因为拿琳的鞋子开玩笑而伤害了她的感情，汤姆在食堂给琳道歉，最终琳原谅了他的事情。19细节理解题。根据“Look, Lynn. Im sorry”，可知汤姆是想给她道歉，故选D。20细节理解题。根据“Give me your la
70、ces. You wear mine for the rest of the day”，可知他们交换了鞋带，故选B。21细节理解题。根据“Anger rose inside her. but she kept control of herself”，可知汤姆第一次道歉后，琳还是非常生气，故选A。22词义猜测题。根据前文“Give me your laces. You wear mine for the rest of the day”和“And give me your other slice of pizza”，琳在提出汤姆弥补她的条件，可推知此处表示这样事情就“扯平”了，even在此处可能
71、表示“平等”之意，故选D。23细节理解题。根据“I cant believe you said that in front of everyone.My mom bought me those shoes because she thought I liked them. Now everyones going to call me sparkle toes（闪亮鞋子）forever”，可知在此次道歉之前，是汤姆嘲笑了琳的鞋子，故选C。24B25C26C27A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，作者告诉我们应该谨慎交友并介绍了几项作者认为好的朋友所应该具有的品质。24推理判断题。根据第一段中“So
72、metimes you will meet fair-weather friends. They will be with you only if you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away.”可知，当你遇到酒肉朋友，他们会在你遇到困难时，选择逃跑。从而推测B选项“当你陷入困境时，你会被拒绝”符合题意。故选B。25词义猜测题。通过第五段中“ If he tells me he will meet me somewhere at a certain time, I can always share with
73、him and hell keep them for me.”可知，此段主要讲述了，作为一个朋友是言出必行的，在遇到困难需要帮助的时候能够伸出援手的，能够分享并保守秘密的。“reliability”所在句是本段的中心句，故可知，“reliability”的词义应为“可靠”。故选C。26推理判断题。通过第四段中“A good friend is honest. He does not look for faults (过错) in others.”可知，好朋友是真诚的，不会寻找别人的过错。推测C选项“总是要指出对方的错误”符合题意。故选C。27主旨大意题。通过结尾“When I meet som
74、eone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know Ive found a true friend!”可知，本文主要讨论的是一个真正的朋友所需要具备的品质。故选A。28B29C30A31D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的朋友在英语考试时想抄作者的答案，作者认为这种作弊行为是不对的，于是拒绝了他。考试结束后，作者向朋友认真解释了他对于这件事情的看法，并告诉朋友自己可以帮助补习，朋友答应了作者。作者既遵守了原则，又守护了友谊。28推理判断题。根据“I had an experience with a rule breake
75、r during an English exam”及“I turned my head quickly and saw James, who sat right behind me. Let me see your answers!”可知，詹姆斯想要在考试中作弊，他是规则的破坏者。故选B。29推理判断题。根据“This time I moved a little more closely towards my own paper. I curled my arm around my answers. So I guarded my paper so that he couldnt see my
76、 answers.”可知，作者靠近自己的试卷、用胳膊盖住试卷并掩盖自己的试卷，这三个动作都是为了不让詹姆斯看见自己试卷上的答案。故选C。30推理判断题。“Hes your friend, and what are friends for?”和“You know its wrong.”这两句话是作者脑海中的两种思想在默默作斗争，作者纠结到底是作弊帮助朋友，还是遵守自己的原则。结合“OK, Brain, he smiled.”可知，作者是布莱恩；故划线的两句话是作者布莱恩在心里默默说的。故选A。31细节理解题。根据“I felt happy that my friendship with Jame
77、s hadnt been destroyed. Mrs. Archer would be proud.”及全文可知，作者没有帮助朋友作弊，遵守了规则，并且守护了和朋友的友谊，所以他认为阿切尔老师会感到骄傲。故选D。32C33A34D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要描写了作者和朋友之间的友谊，叙述了她们的相遇、相处，重点描述了她们寒假去游乐园游玩的有趣又温暖的故事，表达了作者希望友谊长存。32细节理解题。根据“This winter holiday, we went to the amusement park Happy Valley together. We had fun togeth
78、er on the roller coaster.”可知，她们去游乐园玩，她们一起乘坐过山车，故选C。33推理判断题。根据“Many adults think that children cant be friends forever. But I dont believe this.”可知，许多成年人认为孩子不可能永远是朋友，但作者不相信。所以作者想和朋友一直是朋友。故选A。34推理判断题。根据“When I was in trouble, she always stood by me and made me feel better.”及“The ride made me feel a little sick, so she bought a bottle of water for me.”可知，作者的朋友是乐于助人和体贴人的，故选D。
