1、2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（三）一：词汇梳理1. lobby/lbi/ n.前厅 (会议)休息厅v.游说2. threat/ret/ n.威胁凶兆3. threaten /retn/ vt.威胁预示(不好的事)4.concede/knsid/ v.承认5. benefit/benft/ n.好处vt.有益于6. border /bd/ n.边(沿) 边界v.与接壤接近7. boundary /baundri/ n.分界线，边界8. frontier /frnt/ n.国界新领域9.behave/bhev/ vi.表现作出反应10.impress /mpres/ vt.盖印留下印
2、象11. rare /re/ a.稀有的(空气)稀薄的12. scarce /ske/ a.缺乏的稀少的13. alter/lt/ v.(使)改变vt.改（服装）14. vary /veri/ v.改变，（使）多样化15. distinguish /dstgw/ v.辨别vt.使有别于，使有特色16. distinct /dstkt/ a.截然不同的 清楚的17. distinctive /dstktv/ a.有特色的18. region /ridn/ n.地区，区域19. zone /zun/ n.地区vt.分区20. critical /krtkl/ a.批评的 挑剔的 危急的 关键的21
3、. criticism /krtszm/ n.批评 评论22. criticize /krtsaz/ v.批评，指责vt.评论23. regard /rgd/ vt.把看作 注视n.尊重致意注意24. regardless /rgdls/ ad.(of)无论如何不管25. fine /fan/ a.健康的 很好的 细致的26. fine /fan/ vt.处以罚金n.罚金，罚款27. refine/rfan/ vt.精炼改善28. interact /ntrkt/ vi.互相作用交流29. react /rikt/ vi.作出反应反对30. imply /mpla/ vt.暗示意味着 必然包含
4、二：短语梳理1 adjust to调整以适应2 admit doing sth承认做了某事 be admitted to/into被录取 准许进入3 in advance 提前4 have an advantage over sb有超越某人的优势 take advantage of 利用5 advise doing sth 建议做 advise sb to do 建议某人做6 afford sth/ to do sth负担的起7 again and again 反复8 look after照顾=take care of be named after 以命名 be modeled after 模
5、仿 run after追赶追求9after school/class放学/下课后 day after day日复一日10 in the afternoon在下午 on the afternoon of may1在五月一日的下午On a sunny afternoon在一个阳光明媚的下午三：阅读训练The World Health Organization says that the disease polio is no longer widespread in India. In 2009, half of the worlds cases of polio were there. But
6、in 2011, there was only one new case of polio in the country.Polio is caused by a virus. It spreads very quickly from one person to another. Victims often lose the use of their arms and legs. In the most serious cases, polio can kill a person.Twenty-five years ago, polio affected about 200,000 child
7、ren in India each year. The United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund, UNICEF, sent teams of health workers into local villages. Team members told families in their neighborhood about the importance of giving liquid medicine to children to protect them against polio.But it was not easy a
8、t first. A member said, “They used to think that their children will not be able to have children when they grow up if they get the drop. They used to think like this. But now they dont. Now they allow their kids to get the drops.” Now things have changed. Asma Khatun is a mother in the town of Ghaz
9、iabad in the northern state of Utter Pradesh. She said, “Whenever anyone comes, we get the children vaccinated(接种疫苗). Even if nobody comes to our house, we would send our children to a clinic to get vaccinated.A local Muslim leader says the vaccination campaign has been successful because it is supp
10、orted by religious leaders. He said, “The polio vaccination campaign has been successful here because our Muslim scholars are with us.With their support, we are able to make people understand that giving children the vaccine is beneficial and crucial.”The Indian government has now launched a new cam
11、paign to vaccinate 170 million children under the age of five. The campaign will target newborn babies, migrants and people living in poor, crowded areas where the disease spreads more quickly.1.What is the writers purpose in writing the passage?A.To tell the world how to fight against polio.B.To te
12、ll us good news about fighting against polio in India.C.To prove that with good methods polio can be prevented.D.To explain why people in India are no longer afraid of polio.2.We learn that when parents in India were first advised to get their children vaccinated, they.A.didnt believe it could preve
13、nt polioB.became relaxed and believed it would workC.were afraid it would do harm to their childrenD.were afraid it would make their children die3.What is Muslim leaders attitude towards getting children vaccinated now?A.Supportive. B.Negative.C.Uncaring. D.Worried.4.We know from the last paragraph
14、that the new campaign.A.was started by the World Health OrganizationB.is successful mainly because of the Muslim scholarsC.is aimed at 170 million children under the age of fiveD.mainly targets people living in poor and crowded areas答案1.A写作意图题。由第一段中的The World Health Organization says that the diseas
15、e polio is no longer widespread in India. In 2009,half of the worlds cases of polio were there. But in 2011, there was only one new case of polio in the country.可知作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉人们全世界是如何打败脊髓灰质炎这种疾病的,故选A项。2.C推理判断题。由第四段中的They used to think that their children will not be able to have children when they
16、grow up if they get the drop. They used to think like this.可知当印度的家长第一次被建议给他们的孩子接种疫苗时,他们担心疫苗会伤害他们的孩子,故选C项。3.A推理判断题。由第五段中的A local Muslim leader says the vaccination campaign has been successful because it is supported by religious leaders.可推断出伊斯兰教的领袖对孩子们接种疫苗持支持态度,故选A。4.C细节理解题。由最后一段中的The Indian government has now launched a new campaign to vaccinate 170 million children under the age of five.可知选C。
