1、广西省北海市2014高考英语阅读理解巩固全程训练（2）及答案【湖北省2014高考英语考试大纲调研卷二模试题】BAmerican students concern for freedom lies in two patterns of behavior that Chinese students often notice: an unwillingness to make social commitments and vague and changing definitions in acquaintanceships, friendships and dating relationships.
2、American students tend to make social commitments only at the last minute. Many Americans want to have the freedom to do what they want,when they want, in order to maximize their chance of having fun. Chinese students sometimes feel frustrated by this. They feel personally insulted because they inte
3、rpret it as a sign that the Americans are not truly interested in them. However, this behavior is often a sign of valuing personal freedom, rather than a reflection of their feelings about other people.The Americans vague and changing definitions about acquaintances and friendships also puzzle Chine
4、se students. American students use the term friend very loosely. They might have one or more friends whom they call friends with benefits. This fluidity (不稳定性) in relationship definitions can be very puzzling to someone from a culture that values clearly defined relationships between people.American
5、 college students have parties to socialize. The typical American party consists of people talking in small groups or pairs while drinking alcoholic beverages and perhaps snacking on some dry food or chips and dip . Loud music may be playing. Department receptions and parties often feature beer or w
6、ine.Many of the people at these parties may be strangers to each other. When invited to a party, Americans are relatively unlikely to ask, Who will be there? They are accustomed to meeting strangers and starting conversations with them. The parties usually do not include games or large-group interac
7、tions. So individuals must take the initiative to introduce themselves to strangers and talk with them. Many Chinese students find these parties boring or stressful. Chinese tend to be more accustomed to dinners as a way to get together with friends or acquaintances. Few, if any strangers, will be a
8、t a dinner. The atmosphere may be quieter and conversations deeper than at a typical American student party.55. Why do American students make social commitments only at the last minute?A. Because they fear to be frustrated by irresponsible promises.B. Because they are cautious about making friends.
9、C. Because they are always busy attending parties.D. Because they want to make the most of every possible chance to have fun.56. A Chinese student will feel upset with an American student because he thinks _.A. the American student should make an earlier commitmentB. the American student is not real
10、ly interested in himC. the American student doesnt consider his feelings D. the American student wants to squeeze fun out of their sufferings 57. Why are Americans unlikely to ask who will attend the party when invited?A. Because they are used to meeting new people at the party.B. Because they regar
11、d it as a chance to make more friends.C. Because they care more about the food and drink served at the party.D. Because they tend to get together with friends.58. How will Chinese students feel when they attend a party where there are many strangers?A. Many of them will feel stressed.B. They will se
12、e it as a chance to meet new friends. C. They will feel free to talk with strangers.D. They will make the most of their chance of having fun.【解题导语】本文介绍了美国大学生的交友特点崇尚个人自由，他们的朋友来得快去得也快，但他们坦率、易交往。这跟中国人对朋友和友谊的观念不同。【长难句解读】 Many Americans want to have the freedom to do what they want, when they want, in or
13、der to maximize their chance of having fun. 分析:本句使用了what引导的宾语从句和when引导的状语从句。 译文:许多美国人想拥有做什么，什么时候做的自由，以便使他们获得快乐的机会最大化。55. D【命题意图】考查推理判断。【解题思路】第二段说，美国学生到最后时刻才会承诺什么，很多美国人想拥有做什么、什么时候做的自由，以便使他们获得快乐 的机会最大化，因此选D。56. B【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】根据第二段后半部分可知，中国学生会失落是因为他认为美国学生并不真正对他感兴趣。57. A【命题意图】考查细节理解。【解题思路】第五段说，美国人
14、应邀参加聚会时不太可能问参加的人还有谁，因为他们习惯了与陌生人接触和聊天，因此选A58. A【命题意图】考查细节理解,【解题思路】最后一段谈到中国学生的聚会特点，说中国学生习惯于跟熟人或朋友一起聚会，很少邀请陌生人，交谈也比美国学生的聚会更深入，因此选A。科普知识型阅读理解(二)- (二)Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other time may actu
15、ally cause such mood disorders. Longlasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals.The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Centre. Mood disorders join a
16、growing list of problems, including cancer, obesity and diabetesthat can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cy
17、cles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks，“a sign
18、 they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed，” Bedrosian says.In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioural despair”，10 times as
19、 long as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal lightdark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists also could quash the behavioural symptoms by injecting (注射)the brains of animals with a
20、drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.Human studies linking nighttime light and mood disorders are important but cant easily detect molecular underpinnings (分子结构)
21、as animal studies can，says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behaviour”1After being exposed to continuous nighttime light，the mice _Ac
22、hanged their preferencesBescaped from the water more eagerlyCremained active as beforeDshowed less interest in their favourites2What does the underlined word “quash” in Para. 4 probably mean?AStudy.BPredict.CEase.DCause.3We can learn from the last paragraph that _Alight at night may have practical v
23、alueBthe biological clock is beneficial to humansChuman mood disorders cannot be healed easilyDhuman studies are more important than animal studies4What is the main idea of the passage?ANighttime light may foster depression.BA drug has been found to cure mood disorders.CThe study on animals can be a
24、pplied to humans.DHuman biological clock can be controlled by light.(二)【要点综述】光照疗法可以治疗抑郁症，但是，新的研究表明长期暴露于夜晚的灯光也可带来抑郁症，这项研究至少在动物身上得到了验证。1D细节理解题。根据“Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness，those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks”可知，那些在夜晚持续接受暗淡灯光的老鼠失去
25、了对于甜饮料的浓厚喜好，即没有那么喜欢甜饮料了，故选D项。2C词义猜测题。通过原文quash前面also可以断定，quash的意思等于前面一句话的意思，即症状消失了，故选ease“缓解，减轻”。3A推理判断题。根据最后一句可知，灯光可以影响生物钟，生物钟的改变可以影响行为，故选择A项。4A主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun.But too much light at other t
26、ime may actually cause such mood disorders.”可知，本文主要讨论nighttime light与mood disorder或depression的关系，故A项正确。阅读理解Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strength. Imitation is unacceptable.In the early
27、 stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone elses way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a chi
28、lds bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their f
29、ear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their
30、personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected
31、you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a crea
32、tor faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Syudy your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not server. Then you can say,” I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors” tragedies and tory, and know
33、that they are cheering on.( ) 1.Imitation proves useful when you .A. know you are uniqueB. lose the balance of lifeC. begin to learn something newD. get tired of routine practice( ) 2. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should_.A. forget daily fear and painB. choose the right exampleC. ask oth
34、ers for decisionsD. stay away from stars( ) 3.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge B. ready to turn their original ideas into realityC. eager to discover what their ancestors didD. willing to accept others ideas( )
35、 4.The trouble a creator faces is .A. the lack of strong motivationB. the absence of practical ideas C. how to search for more materialsD. how to use imagination creatively( ) 5. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A. To highlight the importance of creatively.B. To criticize the char
36、acters of role models.C. To compare imitation with creation.D. To explain the meaning of success.【文章大意】议论文文章讨论了要创新，不要盲目模仿。1.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful.以及例子说明模仿在开始学习新东西是有用的。2.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知人们选择不好的榜样时，就会使模仿的结果变坏。所以，要想避免模仿结果变坏，要选择好的榜样。3.B
37、细节理解题。定位moves on与deeply相对应，。根据文章 of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation.与因为他们让你感动的是出于他们的创作灵感,而不是绝望。4.D细节理解题。根据文章Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The prob
38、lem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.可以得出答案。5.A主旨大意题。文章主要了要创新，不要盲目模仿。【广西省南宁市2014高考英语模拟试题】BOne cold winter day, I found myself downtown, my head hanging. Id just got to know the promotion I was hoping for had gone t
39、o another person. A years worth of hard work had come to nothing. Worse than all that, I was meeting my wife, and I would have to look into those hopeful, ever supportive eyes and watch the light go out of them as I told her how I had failed to reach yet another goal. My wife stood there, moving fro
40、m one foot to the other to stay warm. I immediately noticed her coat, years out of style and beginning to grow threadbare (磨薄的) at the edges, and her shoes that were not made for such harsh weather. I knew that the dreams she had had in her heart when we first married had not disappeared, but they h
41、ad been reduced to more modest hopes. I stood there holding her against the cold as I explained what had happened, and she took it all in with grace and love that would not allow a trace of blame aimed at me. She didnt have to. I felt enough of it for both of us. As we walked toward the bus stop, I
42、couldnt contain it any longer. “Why does it have to be like this?” I said out loud. “Why do we have to be stuck renting a tiny house in a poor neighborhood? Why does my family have to live on beans and rice and bread? Why do we have to wear the same clothes we bought years ago? Why am I down to my l
43、ast five dollars every payday?”I was ready to give up when I heard the voice uttered softly beside me, “God, I wish I had that guys problems.” It was one of the homeless people who hung out by the river surviving on handouts(施舍). In that instant I came to realize all the blessings that had been give
44、n to me, and all the gifts Id taken for granted and ignored. As I looked over and stared at my wife trembling in the cold, I realized I had a wife who loved me, a family I loved, a job that kept us going, and hopes and dreams for the future that had never been erased.There was a silent question I as
45、ked her, and she instantly understood what I wanted to do. She nodded, and I stepped toward the man who had spoken those words. I reached into my pocket, pulled out my last five dollars, and put them into his hand. Then I rejoined my wife and the two of us walked down the street, the warmth in our h
46、earts keeping us safe from even the bitterest cold.60. What made the writer sad that day?A. He wasnt promoted to a higher position. B. He didnt get paid for a year of hard work.C. He was laid off beyond expectation.D. He couldnt bear the cold.61. The writer suddenly asked a lot of questions because
47、_.A. he had had enough of his wifeB. he almost collapsed under the pressure of life C. he was angry with the stranger at the bus stop D. he was determined to challenge his terrible life62. The words of the homeless man made the writer realize _.A. he might become a beggar in the futureB. he couldnt
48、give up his present jobC. he was a lucky person in the worldD. he still had money to help others 63. What does the “silent question” in the last but one paragraph mean?A. To ask for the strangers advice.B. To buy some clothes.C. To give some money to the homeless man.D. To ask the writers boss for a promotion.【参考答案】60-63: ABCC
