1、Unit 3Section .完形填空People often fall ill because of me._1.C_，they can hardly blame me；it is largely their own_2.D_.A tired person may get_3.C_，especially when he goes to crowded places with polluted air.My latest victim is an energetic student.After school，he played football hard for two hours.Thoug
2、h tired，he still went to the cinema.Then he got back home and took a cold shower immediately.I seized this golden chance to_4.C_him.He reacted，trying to_5.B_me，but I was already_6.A_deep in his throat.He kept sneezing (打喷嚏) and his nose was running._7.D_he put on some warm clothes，it didnt work，for
3、there were too many of us.Besides，his sore throat kept_8.B_him，and he developed a cough to force me and my family out，but_9.D_.The next day he couldnt go to school .He had lost his appetite and was not as_10.C_as before.His mother made him orange juice every few hours for more vitamin C，which would
4、help his_11.A_.For two days he was_12.B_by his mother.As he rested more，his defense strengthened and I began to feel the_13.C_.I knew I had to leave him before long.But I am not the one who gives up easily，and I made every effort to fight back._14.D_，it was my turn to feel_15.A_now，for his defense s
5、ystem was starting an allout attack against me.I became weaker and finally my time was over.Do you know what I am?文章大意：本文以感冒病毒的口气，介绍它是怎么侵入人体到离开的过程。1ATherefore BBesides CHowever DThen 解析：人们经常因为我生病，然而，他们却不能责怪我。表示转折所以用however。 2Abusiness Bresponsibility Cexcuse Dfault 解析：这是由于他们自己的过失造成的。fault过失符合句意。resp
6、onsibility(责任)；excuse (借口)；business(事务)均不符合句意。 3Apunished BblamedCcaught Dkilled 解析：get caught 意为“感染”，指生病，符合句意。get killed “被杀死”语义过重。 4Ainjure BbotherCattack Ddestroy 解析：我抓住这个黄金机会去攻击他，指的是让他生病。attack符合句意。 5Aget on with Bget rid of Cput up with Dtake hold of 解析：那个学生做出反抗，试图除掉我(病毒)，B符合语义。put up with 容忍；t
7、ake hold of 抓住。 6Areproducing Bwaiting Chiding Ddisappearing 解析：但是我已经深深地在他的喉咙里繁殖再生。reproduce繁殖，再生。7ASince BOnceCWhether DAlthough 解析：生病后，尽管他穿上厚厚的衣服，但是已经晚了。Although引导让步状语从句。 8Areminding Bupsetting Ccomforting Dinfluencing 解析：他的疼痛的喉咙使他难受，并且他开始咳嗽来试图把我和我的家人赶走，但是没能成功，拟人化的手法。 9Aescaped Bsucceeded Cregrett
8、ed Dfailed 解析：见上题分析。10Apeaceful Bafraid Cactive Dhappy 解析：active活跃的，与上文的energetic相对应，生病后人通常会变得不活跃。11Arecovery Bdevelopment Cstudy Daffected 解析：补充维生素C帮助人抵抗疾病，恢复健康。recovery恢复健康，符合题意。 12Aprotected Bnursed Cscolded Daffected 解析：nurse用作动词，意为“照料”，符合题意。 13Aloss Boperation Cpressure Dmovement 解析：患病的人的抵抗力增强，
9、病毒开始感受到压力。pressure压力。 14AUncertainly BUnsuccessfully CUnusually DUnfortunately 解析：虽然抵抗了，但是不幸的是，轮到我感到痛苦了。 15Apainful Bdisappointed Cnervous Dashamed解析：见上题的解析。 .阅读理解AProper diet and regular exercise seem to be the only methods for losing weight.However, the importance of enough water should be added t
10、o the process.While medical science has proven the positive effects of water, most people still do not drink enough each day.The reason why water is so important for weight loss has something to do with metabolism (新陈代谢) of fat.The liver (肝脏) is in charge of this process when it comes to turning sto
11、red fat into energy.However, the liver is also responsible for helping the kidneys (肾脏) that need enough water in order to function properly.The liver has to perform all the functions of the kidneys on its own when the kidneys are short of water.This means the liver doesnt have enough energy to meta
12、bolize fat.So, drinking water allows the kidneys to focus on their job and the liver to focus on its job.Also, studies have shown that water can make us feel full when drunk before meals.Without even making an effort, most people who drink a glass of water before a meal will eat 33% less.This is in
13、part due to the fact that they simply get full quicker because the water is taking up space.The other reason is that the food will expand as soon as it hits the waterfilled stomach.Water is important to every aspect of the health of the human body.By drinking more water and improving the health of t
14、he body，the goal of losing weight can be achieved with greater ease.文章大意：健康的饮食和经常锻炼对于减肥非常重要，但是足够的饮水也不容忽视。1Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a way to lose weight？_D_ARegular exercise.BDrinking water.CBalanced diet.DMedical care.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，减肥的方法包括经常锻炼、合适的饮食以及饮用足够的水，并未提到
15、医学方法。故选D。2The liver has to take over the job of the kidneys when _A_.Athe kidneys are lacking in waterBthere is something wrong with the kidneysCthe liver doesnt supply energy for the kidneysDthere is no fat for the liver to metabolize解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The liver has to perform all the functions of th
16、e kidneys on its own when the kidneys are short of water.”可以得知，在肾脏缺水的情况下，肝脏要承担肾脏的功能。故A项正确。3Why can we lose weight by drinking water before meals？_B_ABecause we dont feel thirsty any longer.BBecause we eat much less than normal.CBecause the water takes up little space.DBecause the food becomes smalle
17、r.解析：推理判断题。概括第三段内容可知，饭前喝一杯水可以让一个人的饭量减少33%，由此达到减肥的效果。故B项正确。4Which of the following is the best title for this passage？_C_AThe liver is important to the kidneysBHow the digestive system worksCWater is important for a healthy life and losing weightDSeveral tips for losing weight解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，可概括得知本文讲的是
18、水对健康的生活和减肥都非常重要。故C项正确。B(2020全国卷)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50ki
19、lometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive
20、 activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories
21、(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hi
22、t the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers
23、. But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper techn
24、ique, she says. It takes some practice.文章大意：这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。5Why are race walkers conditioned athletes？_C_AThey must run long distances.BThey are qualified for the marathon.CThey have to follow special rules.DThey are good at swinging their legs.解析：细节理解题。根据第
25、二段“But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。6What advantage does race walking have over runn
26、ing？_D_AIts more popular at the Olympics.BIts less challenging physically.CIts more effective in body building.DIts less likely to cause knee injuries.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有
27、关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。7What is Dr. Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race walking？_A_AGetting experts opinions.BHaving a medical checkup.CHiring an experienced coach.DDoing regular exercises.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walk
28、ing should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。8. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking？_B_ASkeptical.BObjective.CTolerant.DConservative.解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Ra
29、ce walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Keep Your Eyes Open for Weight Lo
30、ss Ads“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”“Two full inches in the first three days！”These are the kinds of statements_1.used_(use) in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads，_2.promising_(promise) new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device.The promoters o
31、f products say they_3.can_shape the legs, slim the face and smooth wrinkles.Often such products are nothing more than moneymaking things for their promoters.The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the pub
32、lic，_4.it_is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation.If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration) can require proof that it is safe and effective before it _5.is put_(put) on the market.But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority_6.to require_(
33、require) premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness._7.If_a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product.One notable case a few years ag
34、o_8.involved_(involve) an electrical device called the Relaxacisor，_9.which_had been sold for reducing the waistline.The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads.FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds_10.that_it was
35、dangerous to health and life.文章大意：本文为说明文。介绍了一些所谓的塑身、健美、美容的商品广告，商家和促销商仅仅是为了挣钱，而实际的结果令人怀疑，有些还有害于健康。事实证明，许多投放在市场上的医疗设备并不受法律的约束，在购买前消费者要自己判断它们的安全和效果。解析：1考查过去分词。句意：这些都是在杂志、报纸、广播和电视广告中使用的语句。此处与statements是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动。故填used。2考查现在分词。句意：向那些购买药物或设备的人承诺新身材和新面貌。此处与statements是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。故填promi
36、sing。3考查情态动词。句意：该产品的推广人员表示，它们可以塑形腿部，使脸部纤细，抚平皱纹。can“能够”。故填can。4考查代词。句意：了解这些产品是如何合法地向公众推广的，有必要了解一些相关法律。此处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，应使用代词it。故填it。5考查语态。句意：如果该产品是一种药物，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)可以要求证明它是安全有效的，然后才能投放市场。根据句意可知，it和动词put是被动关系，作谓语应使用被动语态。故填is put。 6考查不定式。句意：但如果该产品是一种设备，FDA无权要求上市前提供安全性或有效性的证明。authority后常跟不定式做定语
37、，have no authority to do sth.“无权做某事”。故填to require。7考查条件状语从句。句意：如果已经上市的产品对健康构成威胁，FDA可以要求生产商或分销商自愿将其撤出市场，也可以采取法律行动，包括没收该产品。if“如果”。故填If。8考查时态。句意：几年前，一个著名的案例涉及一种名为Relaxacisor的电子设备。根据时间状语a few years ago可知，此处应使用一般过去时。故填involved。9考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Relaxacisor，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。10考查固定结构。句意：FDA对该经销商采取了法律行动，停止销售该设备，理由是它对健康和生命有危险。固定结构：on the grounds that“由于(根据)”。故填that。
