1、山东省济南外国语学校2021届高三英语10月月考试题（含解析）（时间：120分钟 满分：150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What do we learn from the conversation?A.The man hates to lend his tools to other people.B.The man hasnt finished working o
2、n the bookshelf.C.The man lost those tools.2.What do we know about the man?A.He doesnt like his job. B.He will not give up his job. C.He has a large family to support.3.Whats the relationship between the two speakers?A.Classmates. B.Teachers and students. C.Headmaster and teachers4.Who is worried ab
3、out gaining weight?A.The son. B.Aunt Louise. C.The mother.5.Why doesnt the woman buy the coat?A.It is expensive. B.There isnt her size. C.She doesnt like the color.第二节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.W
4、hat is the woman probably?A.A hotel clerk. B.A house agent C.A shop assistant.7.What is the pillow filled with?A.Cotton. B.Dried flowers. C.A special material.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What kind of skills does the woman not have?A.Operating computers. B.Doing business. C.Typing.9.Which company did the woman
5、work in?A.A trading company and a trust company.B.A trust company.C.A trading company.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whats wrong with the womans mother?A.She has been sick.B.She misses her family and friends.C.She cant earn enough to support her family.11.Where does the woman live?A.In America. B.In India. C.I
6、n Britain.12.What does the woman plan to do next year?A.Study a new language. B.Travel to India. C.Visit her fathers native country.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.How many Economics lectures will the man attend every week?A.Five times,from Monday to Friday.B.Two times,on Thursday and Friday.C.Two times,on Tues
7、day and Thursday.14.Why did the man miss the meeting for the new students yesterday?A.Because he hadnt received any notice about that meeting.B.Because he had to attend the group discussion.C.Because he had to do some part time jobs yesterday.15.If a student wants to earn the scholarship,what is the
8、 required attendance rate?A.80% B.90% C.100%16.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the conversation?A.The man is a grade one student in the university.B.The man has to work after school.C.The man thinks the time of the lecture is too early.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.How long has the
9、 speaker lived in a big city?A.One year. B.Ten years. C.Eighteen years.18.What is the speakers opinion on public transport?A.Its comfortable. B.Its time-saving. C.Its cheap.19What is good about living in a small town?A.Its safer. B.Its healthier. C.Its more convenient.20.What kind of life do the spe
10、akers seem to like most?A.Busy. B.Colorful. C.Quiet.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Moth Poetry PrizeABOUT THE PRIZEThe Moth Poetry Prize is an annual contest from Irish magazine. It is one of the biggest prizes in the world for a single unpublishe
11、d poem of any length with the theme of peace. The prize is open to anyone over 16 as long as the poem is previously unpublished，and each year it attracts thousands of entries from new and established poets from over 50 countries worldwide.The shortlist will be announced in June 2019 and the four sho
12、rtlisted poems will feature in the summer issue of The Moth. The winners will be invited to a special prize-giving event at Poetry Ireland in Dublin in the summer of 2019.THE JUDGEThe poet and novelist Jacob Polley will judge this years Moth Poetry Prize. Jacob is the author of four poetry collectio
13、ns published by Picador，the latest of which，Jackself，won the T. S. Eliot Prize. He is also the recipient of a Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize，and his novel Talk of the Tovun won a Somerset Maugham Award. He teaches at the University of Newcastle.HOW TO ENTERThe entry fee is 15 euros per poem, and you
14、can enter as many poems as you like.You can enter online or send your poem (s) along with a cheque or postal order made payable to “The Moth Magazine Ltd. ” with an entry form or a cover letter with your name and contact details and the title of poem(s) attached to： The Moth，Ardan Grange, Milltown,
15、Belturbet, Co. Cavan, Ireland.Please remember to read the rules of the competition before you enter.Call 00 353 (0)87 2657251 or email enquiriesthemothmagazine. com for more details.1. What information about the contest can we learn?A. Its closing date.B. Its evaluation criteria.C. The award to winn
16、ers.D. Its organizer.2. What is the requirement of the contest?A. One person can only submit one entry.B. The participants must be Irish citizens.C. The entries should be focused on peace.D. Only teenagers of 16 are admitted to take part.3. What will the winners get?A. An award of 15 euros.B. An inv
17、itation to Dublin.C. A poetry collection by Picador.D. A chance to interview Jacob Polley.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了The Moth Poetry Prize这个诗歌比赛的相关信息，包括组织者，参赛要求，裁判以及如何投稿等等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Moth Poetry Prize is an annual contest from Irish magazine.”可知这个诗歌比赛是爱尔兰杂志每年都会举办的一个比赛。也就是说爱尔兰杂志就是组
18、织者，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“with the theme of peace”可知所有的参赛诗歌要以和平为主题，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The winners will be invited to a special prize-giving event at Poetry Ireland in Dublin in the summer of 2019.”可知获奖者将被邀请参加2019年夏季在都柏林举办的爱尔兰诗歌特别颁奖活动。故选B项。BRodney Smith is a man with a task. The Bermuda nativ
19、e is in the midst of a trip that will take him to every state in the nation, mowing lawns(修理草坪）.Five years ago，Smith came across a senior man mowing his lawn and stopped to help.“When I came across the elderly man, my life changed，”he said. After that, Smith went on to create the Raising Men Lawn Ca
20、re Service (RMLCS) to mow lawns for the elderly，disabled，single moms and former soldiers free of charge. As part of providing free yard work, the organization teaches children about serving their communities and lawn mower safety.A key component of RMLCS is its 50-yard challenge，which sets a goal fo
21、r children nationwide to mow 50 lawns for free in their community. When a kid signs up for the challenge, the group sends them a white shirt with the Raising Men logo(标识），shades and ear protection. The participants receive a different colored shirt after every 10th lawn they mow. When they have comp
22、leted the task for 50 yards，they receive a special visit from Smith or someone with RMLCS. They give the volunteer a new lawnmower, free of charge, and cut other lawns with them.Since this challenge started in 2016，12 kids have already completed the challenge. And both boys and girls are part of it.
23、 At present they have 130 kids nationwide taking part in this challenge，including 7 in Bermuda and the U. K. and one in Canada. So it5 s spreading worldwide. Even the Queen of England took notice the governor of Bermuda presented Smith with an award late last year on behalf of her.It was also last y
24、ear that Smith came up with the 50 States 50 Lawns campaign. Now, in 2018，hes on the road again.4. What is the purpose of the Raising Men Lawn Care Service?A. Educate children to work hard.B. Offer free lawn cutting service.C. Make lawnmowers of high quality.D. Train professional lawn mowing workers
25、.5. What indicates a child completing the 50-yard challenge?A. A visit to RMLCS.B. The Raising Men logo.C. A white shirt and ear protection.D. A new lawnmower from RMLCS.6. Why is the Queen of England mentioned?A. To praise the queen for her care.B. To prove Smith is respected by everyone.C. To show
26、 Smiths behavior got recognized.D. To introduce where Smiths motivation came from.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Mow Lawns in Order to TravelB. Lawn Mowing a New TrendC. Choose Mowing Lawns to HelpD. Smith a Man Loves Mowing Lawns【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。史密斯创建了名为the Raising
27、 Men Lawn Care Service (RMLCS) 的组织来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪。这个组织有个帮助所在社区修剪50片草坪的挑战，完成最终挑战的孩子会得到一台新的割草机。自2016年这项挑战开始以来，有越来越多的孩子参与到其中，甚至引起了英国女王的注意。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to create the Raising Men Lawn Care Service (RMLCS) to mow lawns for the elderly，disabled，single moms and former soldiers free of charge
28、.”可知史密斯创建了RMLCS来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When they have completed the task for 50 yards，they receive a special visit from Smith or someone with RMLCS. They give the volunteer a new lawnmower, free of charge, and cut other lawns with them.”可知当这些孩子完成修剪50片草坪的任务时， Smith或RMLCS的其他人
29、会对他们进行一次特别的拜访。他们会给这些孩子一台新的割草机，并一起修剪草坪。这说明一个小孩如果收到一台RMLCS送的新的割草机意味着他/她完成了修建50片草坪的任务。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So its spreading worldwide. Even the Queen of England took notice the governor of Bermuda presented Smith with an award late last year on behalf of her.”可知这项挑战在全世界传播开来。甚至英国女王也注意到了-百慕大省长去年年底代表她
30、给史密斯颁奖。女王的奖励意味着一种肯定，由此推断作者提到英国女王是为了说明史密斯的行为受到了认可。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。全文主要讲了史密斯创建了这个组织来免费为老人，残疾人，单身母亲和退伍军人修剪草坪，并发起修剪50片草坪的挑战来鼓励孩子为社区免费修剪草坪。因此C项（选择修剪草坪来帮助他人）最适合做全文的标题。故选C项。CAlthough it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually though
31、t of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel fou
32、nd that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem it cut.Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals wo
33、uld be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推断).On average, drought-s
34、tressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.It is even possible to distinguish betw
35、een the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to recognize between the plants sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sounds intensi
36、ty and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly impo
37、rtant as climate change exposes more areas to drought.“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens,
38、Kew, in the UK.She warns that the results cant yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that
39、idea remains based on guesses for now, she says.8. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that_.A. tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurtB. plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far awayC. humans can hear water-hungry plants cryingD. moths like laying eggs on str
40、essed plant9. What is Anne Visschers attitude towards the finding of the experiment?A. DisappointedB. Cautious.C. Appreciative.D. Optimistic.10. Taking advantage of the new research finding,farmers can_.A. harvest crops in timeB. reduce greenhouse effectsC. diagnose plant condition fasterD. detect a
41、nd remove insects easily11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Plants get stressed Just Like Us.B. Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away.C. Cries of plants break FarmersHeartsD. Plants scream in the presence of stress【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. D【解析】本文是说明文。研究表明，植物在受到缺水或者被砍断时的
42、压力时，它们会发出尖叫声。这开创了精准农业的一个新领域。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15.（当植物茎秆被切断后，番茄植株在接下来的一小时内平均发出25种声音，而烟草植株发出15种声音。）”可知，研究人员的实验显示番茄植株受到伤害时比烟草植株更容易发出尖叫声。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。第八段中提到Anne Visscher所说的话“She warns tha
43、t the results cant yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains based on guesse
44、s for now, she says.（她警告说，这个结果还不能扩展到其他压力，比如盐分或温度，因为这些可能不会产生声音。此外，还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到植物发出的声音并作出反应，所以目前这个想法仍是基于猜测。）”根据其中的“the results cant yet be broadened there have been no experiments to show .so that idea remains based on guesses ”由此可以推断，Anne Visscher对实验结果持谨慎的态度。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。第六段中提到“Enabling f
45、armers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest.They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.（研究者们认为，让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音可能“在精准农业领域会开辟一个新方向”。他们补充说，随着气候变化使更
46、多地区面临干旱，这种能力将变得越来越重要。）”由此可以推断，这一新的发现让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音，农民就可以快速判断植物当前处于缺水的状况。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段提到“they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.（已经记录下当植物有
47、压力时它们发出的哭声的超声波，研究者们认为这开创了精准农业的一个新领域，农民可以听到缺水植物的声音。）”下文是说明这一研究的具体过程。文章是关于植物在受到缺水或者被砍断时的压力时，它们会发出声音。因此文章的标题应该是“植物在压力下会发出尖叫声”。故选D项。DThe first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, wh
48、enever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are mor
49、e likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient
50、had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other pat
51、ients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up
52、hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. Overreaction to Fearsome Risks holds true for broader society.F
53、or instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small ri
54、sk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we dont want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imag
55、ined doesnt necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first
56、 patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.12. The first two paragraphs suggest that_.A. bad medical outcomes affect doct
57、orsB. delivering babies can be difficult workC. some doctors are not very experiencedD. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes13. In the blood-thinner study, doctors_.A. tend to prescribe less effective medicineB. are more concerned about the patients safetyC. become less confident in writing a presc
58、riptionD. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding14. What does the underlined word fallout in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. ResultB. BenefitC. DifferenceD. Absence15. The author will probably agree that_.A. we should not doubt our own decisionsB. our experience will pave way for our future
59、C. humans are emotional and irrational on the wholeD. instincts dont necessarily lead to wrong directions【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议。文章通过作者自己的经历论述了，人类在处理信息、不良事件和错误时易受情绪化和非理性思维的影响，会过度思考，此时我们就不能依赖于基于我们所知或所经历的思考，反而要相信直觉。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I
60、 found myself second-guessing my clinical management.(后来，每当我遇到这样的病例时，我都会怀疑自己的临床管理。)和第二段的In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have an adverse outcome, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnec
61、essarily and sometimes with worse results. (在一篇工作论文中，埃默里大学的研究人员发现，当医生接生婴儿时出现不良后果时，他们更有可能对下一个病人改用不同的接生方式，这往往是不必要的，有时甚至会带来更糟糕的结果。)可推断，糟糕的医疗结果会影响医生。A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors(糟糕的医疗结果会影响医生)符合以上说法，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed
62、warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe subsequent patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes. (2006年的一项研究发现，如果患者在服用华法林后出现出血，医生给后续患者开预防中风的血液稀释剂的可能性要低20%)可知，在血液稀释剂研究中，一旦病人服用华法林后出现出血后，医生们在开某些处方时量就减少了。由此推断，医生变得不那么自信。C. become less confident in writing a prescription(在开处方时没那
63、么自信了)符合以上说法，故选 C项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段的Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us.可知，因为医生要做出如此多有严重后果的决定，事后猜测的fallout对我们来说似乎尤其严重。根据句意，尤其consequences推测划线部分的意思是“后果”。A. Result(结果)符合以上推测，故选A项。15题详解】推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的Wh
64、en we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may inadvertently overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion. (当我们过度思考时，我们就不能依赖于基于我们所知或所经历的思考。相反，我们可能会无意中过度分析，得出错误的结论。)和最后一段中的Instead of second guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct and st
65、ayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too. (我相信自己的临床直觉，坚持到底，而不是事后猜测。所有的病人都活了下来。你也应该相信你的直觉。)可推断，作者认为直觉不一定会导致错误的方向。D. instincts dont necessarily lead to wrong directions(直觉不一定会导致错误的方向)符合以上说法，故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填
66、入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Managing your personal finances isnt as easy as it seems.Rising prices and an uncertain economic climate make the challenges even greater, which is why its important that you take steps to get a firm handle on your money needs, assessing your situation, and making the appropria
67、te changes. Here are the top three tips that might just manage your money more productively and safely. _16_17_Look at your list of purchases over the last month and see if there are any regular buys which are simply not necessary,and make adjustments to ensure that your money coming in Is not overs
68、hadowed by the money that then goes out over the course of the month.Having a personal financial advisor is essential if youre looking at investments or are wondering about your future.The right financial advisor will start with a fact-finding check that will cover your situation. _18_So that you ar
69、e better able to take advantage of a dedicated level of experience and insider insights._19_Check your expenditures and make sure that you are not paying out for something that you simply dont need.Cost analysis is essential when it comes to making a final decision between renting and buying.The lar
70、ger the cost value,the more important that decision becomes.The most important thing is being honest with yourself about your current situation._20_ And then youll stand a much better chance of being able to build a comfortable bank balance that will protect your future.A. Look for specialists in yo
71、ur area of interest.B. Thats where your initial cost analysis will come in handy.C. It can be very tricky to weigh up the cost benefits of either renting or buying goods and services.D. Budgeting neednt be a complicated process.E. Finding the one that best suits your situation is the first step to a
72、 better, more stable future.F. Making a note of what and where you are spending your money can be hugely beneficial.G Having the facts will make all of your decisions much easier.【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G【解析】这是一篇说明文。在物价上涨、经济状况不明朗的今天，理财变得十分重要。本文作者列出了三条理财的建议，帮助读者更好的理财。【16题详解】根据上文“Here are the
73、top three tips that might just manage your money more productively and safely.(这里有三个最重要的建议，可以让你更安全地有效地理财)”可知，上文提到了关于理财三个建议，作者列出这些建议是为了让读者选择。故E选项“找到一个最适合你的建议是迈向更好、更稳定的未来的第一步”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据后文“Look at your list of purchases over the last month and see if there are any regular buys which are simply
74、not necessary, and make adjustments to ensure that your money coming in Is not overshadowed by the money that then goes out over the course of the month.(看看你最近一个月的购物清单，看看是否有不需要的常规购买，然后做出调整，确保你的进账不会被这个月的支出所掩盖)”可知，本段主要是在说明做好购物清单的重要性，做清单意味着记录下自己的购物信息，故F选项“记录下你的钱花在什么东西和花在什么地方上，会给你带来很大的好处。”符合语境，故选F。【18题详
75、解】根据上文“Having a personal financial advisor is essential if youre looking at investments or are wondering about your future. The right financial advisor will start with a fact-finding check that will cover your situation.(如果你正在考虑投资或者对自己的未来感到迷茫，有一个个人理财顾问是很重要的。合适的财务顾问会从调查事实开始，以涵盖你的情况)”以及后文“So that you
76、are better able to take advantage of a dedicated level of experience and insider insights.(这样你就能更好地利用专业水平的经验和内部消息)”可知该段主要是建议我们要有一个个人财务顾问。根据上文“a fact-finding check”可知，财物顾问会首先评估个人的财务状况。既然有评估就会有结果，故本空应该与评估结果有关。故B选项“这样你就能拿到最初的花费分析”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“Check your expenditures and make sure that you are n
77、ot paying out for something that you simply dont need. Cost analysis is essential when it comes to making a final decision between renting and buying. The larger the cost value, the more important that decision becomes.(检查你的支出，确保你没有买你根本不需要的东西。在做租赁还是购买的最后决定时，成本分析是必不可少的。成本价值越大，决策就越重要)”可知，本段主要是在说明在租赁还是
78、购买商品之间的权衡问题，上文中renting and buying可对应到C选项中renting or buying。故C选项“无论是租赁还是购买商品和服务，都要权衡成本收益，这是很棘手的”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“The most important thing is being honest with yourself about your current situation.(最重要的是诚实面对自己的现状)”可知，上文提到要诚实面对自己的现状，即应该填实事求是，本句则承接上文说明这样做的影响，故G选项“有了事实会让你更容易做决定”符合语境，故选G。第二部分 语言运用（共两
79、节， 满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Scientists in Norway have some good news for coffee drinkers. Researchers have already found evidence that the drink or the beans can help with weight loss, _21_ ones risk of developing some diseases, promo
80、te muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce ones risk of premature(早于预期的) death, among many other _22_. Now it is said that a cup of _23_ reduces physical pain. The surprising finding is _24_ a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing
81、 computer tasks meant to finish office work. The tasks were known to _25_ pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wrists. The researchers wanted to _26_ how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated(忍受) the pain of such tasks. As a matter of convenience, the scientists allowed people
82、 to drink coffee before taking the test “to avoid _27_ effects of caffeine lack, e.g. decreased vigor, sleepiness, and exhaustion.” they reported. When it came time to analyze the data, the researchers from Norways National Institute of Occupational Health and Oslo University Hospital noticed that t
83、he 19 people who drank coffee reported a _28_ intensity(强度) of pain than the 29 people who didnt. In the shoulders and neck, _29_ the average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the non-coffee drinkers. Similar gaps were found for all pain sites measured, an
84、d coffees obvious pain-reduction effect _30_. However, the authors of the study, which was published this week in the journal, BMC Research Notes, warn that the results of the study come with many _31_. For starters, the researchers dont know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed(消耗) before t
85、aking the computer tests. _32_, they doubt whether the coffee drinkers and non-coffee drinkers were _33_ in all aspects except for their coffee consumption. Problems like these tend to _34_ the importance of the findings. But those doubts are _35_ to trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reaso
86、n not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit.21. A. takeB. reduceC. increaseD. face22. A. trendsB. adviceC. benefitsD. promotions23. A. milkB. waterC. cokeD. coffee24. A. based onB. fond ofC. different fromD. regarded as25. A. causeB. indicateC. easeD. relieve26. A. warnB. compareC. cureD. treat2
87、7. A. unpleasantB. modestC. significantD. positive28. A. lowerB. higherC. shorterD. longer29. A. in additionB. as a resultC. for exampleD. in one word30. A. turned upB. took upC. put upD. gave up31. A. satisfactionB. uncertaintiesC. attentionD. response32. A. MoreoverB. HoweverC. OtherwiseD. Neverth
88、eless33. A. guiltyB. similarC. differentD. proper34. A. realizeB. observeC. measureD. weaken35. A. unlikelyB. orderlyC. jealousD. capable【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现咖啡这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的癌症，甚至可以
89、降低过早死亡的风险，还有许多其他好处。同时文章说明了这项研究的过程以及研究结果，然而这项研究的作者警告说研究仍有许多不确定性。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或豆类有助于减肥，减少患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的癌症，甚至可以降低过早死亡的风险，还有许多其他好处。A. take带走；B. reduce减少；C. increase增加；D. face面对。结合下文promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce ones ri
90、sk of premature death可知是这种饮料的优点，故此处指减少患某些疾病的风险。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或豆类有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的癌症，甚至可以降低过早死亡的风险，还有许多其他好处。A. trends趋势；B. advice建议；C. benefits好处；D. promotions升职。结合上文promote muscle growth, protect against certain types of cancers and can even reduce ones risk o
91、f premature death可知是这种饮料的优点好处，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在据说一杯咖啡可以减轻身体的疼痛。A. milk牛奶；B. water水；C. coke可乐；D. coffee咖啡。根据上文Scientists in Norway have some good news for coffee drinkers.可知是咖啡。故选D。【24题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：这一惊人的发现是基于一项涉及48名志愿者的研究，他们同意花90分钟执行电脑任务来完成办公室工作。A. based on基于；B. fond of喜欢；C. different from
92、不同于；D. regarded as认为是。结合下文a study involving 48 volunteers who agreed to spend 90 minutes performing computer tasks meant to finish office work.可知此处指这项发现是基于一项研究。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些任务会造成肩膀、脖子、前臂和手腕疼痛。A. cause造成；B. indicate表明；C. ease缓解；D. relieve解除。结合下文pain in the shoulders, neck, forearms and wr
93、ists可知这些任务会造成肩膀、脖子、前臂和手腕疼痛。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员想要比较有疼痛感的人和那些没有疼痛感的人是如何忍受这类任务的疼痛的。A. warn警告；B. compare比较；C. cure治愈；D. treat对待。结合下文how people with pain and those who were pain-free tolerated the pain of such tasks可知是将有疼痛感的人和那些没有疼痛感的人进行比较。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了方便起见，科学家们允许人们在测试前喝咖啡，“以避免咖啡因缺乏的
94、不良影响，如活力下降、嗜睡和疲惫。”A. unpleasant不愉快的；B. modest谦虚的；C. significant意义重大的；D. positive积极的。结合下文decreased vigor, sleepiness, and exhaustion可知活力下降、嗜睡和疲惫都是不良影响。unpleasant effects“不良影响”。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：职业健康和奥斯陆大学医院注意到，喝咖啡的19名受试者报告的疼痛强度低于不喝咖啡的29名受试者。A. lower更低的；B. higher更高的；C. shorter更短的；D. longer更长的。结合
95、下文average pain was rated 41 (on a 100-point scale) among the coffee drinkers and 55 for the non-coffee drinkers可知喝咖啡的19名受试者报告的疼痛强度低于不喝咖啡的29名受试者。故选A。【29题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，在肩部和颈部，喝咖啡的人的平均疼痛程度为41分(满分100分)，而不喝咖啡的人为55分。A. in addition此外；B. as a result结果；C. for example例如；D. in one word总之。结合上文可知测试的身体部位有肩膀、脖
96、子、前臂和手腕，此处只列举了肩部和颈部作为例子，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在所有测量的痛觉部位都发现了类似的差异，结果发现咖啡有明显的止痛效果。A. turned up出现；B. took up接受；C. put up提供；D. gave up放弃。结合上文可知测试中都表现出了咖啡的止痛效果，故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，本周发表在BMC Research Notes杂志上的这项研究的作者警告说，这项研究的结果存在许多不确定性。A. satisfaction满足；B. uncertainties不确定性；C. attention注意；D. respon
97、se响应。结合下文For starters, the researchers dont know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed before taking the computer tests.可知研究人员不知道喝咖啡的人在接受电脑测试前喝了多少咖啡，故这项研究的结果存在许多不确定性。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外，其他各方面是否相似。A. Moreover此外；B. However然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Nevertheless然而。此处承接上文For
98、starters, the researchers dont know how much coffee the coffee drinkers consumed before taking the computer tests.表示进一步说明，故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外，其他各方面是否相似。A. guilty内疚的；B. similar相似的；C. different不同的；D. proper适当的。结合下文in all aspects except for their coffee consumption可知喝咖啡的人和
99、不喝咖啡的人除了喝咖啡外，其他各方面是否相似对研究结果也会有影响。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这类问题往往会削弱研究结果的重要性。A. realize意识到；B. observe观察；C. measure测量；D. weaken削弱。根据上文Problems like these tend to可知这些类似的问题往往会削弱研究结果的可信度，故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些寻找任何理由不减少日常咖啡因习惯的咖啡饮用者。A. unlikely不可能的；B. orderly有序的；C. jealous嫉妒的；D. capable有能力的。结
100、合下文trouble the coffee drinkers looking for any reason not to cut back on their daily caffeine habit可知这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些寻找任何理由不减少日常咖啡因习惯的咖啡饮用者。故选A。【点睛】完形填空主要考查学生对语篇的全面理解，要求学生在做题时能够做到“身临其境，感同身受”准确把握作者写作意图，同时“瞻前顾后，左顾右盼”，充分考虑前后文的逻辑关系，仔细推敲，最后还原整体和细节。例如小题7，结合下文decreased vigor, sleepiness, and exhaustion可知活力下降、嗜
101、睡和疲惫都是不良影响。unpleasant effects“不良影响”。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On Oct. 16, 2018, one of the two co-founders of Microsoft, Paul G. Allen, _36_ (die)at age 65 from cancer. When _37_ comes to Microsoft, the first person we think of was Bill Gates, the other co-founder o
102、f the firm. _38_, Allen was just as important to the _39_ (create)of the company. Allen was, many people say, a much quieter person. He was content with the science side of things, while Gates has the _40_ (good)head for business. When the pair started Microsoft in the mid-1970s, they focused on the
103、 microcomputer industry. Microcomputers were small computers _41_ (design)to be used in the home. _42_ they lacked, though, was an operating system, which is where Microsoft came in. The companys big break came in 1980, _43_ Microsoft created the MS-DOS operating system. Later came Windows. After Al
104、len passed away, Bill Gates made a statement _44_ (praise)Allen, “Even in high school, before most people knew what a personal computer was, Paul predicted that chips would get super-powerful and would _45_(eventual)give rise to a whole new industry. ”【答案】36. died 37. it 38. However 39. creation 40.
105、 better 41. designed 42. What 43. when 44. to praise 45. eventually【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要悼念了过世的微软创始人之一-Paul G. Allen，讲述了他和Bill Gates之间的创业经历，同时提到了Bill Gates对他的赞赏。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：2018年10月16日，微软两位联合创始人之一保罗g艾伦(Paul G. Allen)因癌症去世，享年65岁。根据语境On Oct.16, 2018可知，应是一般过去时。故填died。【37题详解】考查固定句式。句意：说到微软，我们首先想到的是该公司的
106、另一位联合创始人比尔盖茨。when it comes to 固定句式，意为“当谈及”。故填it。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，艾伦对公司的创立同样重要。分析可知，本句与前一句为转折关系，应用转折副词however。故填However。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，艾伦对公司的创立同样重要。to 为介词之后应用名词形式。故填creation。【40题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他对科学方面的东西很满意，而盖茨更擅长商业。分析可知，本句中将Allen与Gates进行对比，前一句中的形容词“quieter”暗指比较含义，因此所填空应用比较级。故填better。【41题详解】考查非谓语。
107、句意：微型计算机是设计用于家庭的小型计算机。分析可知，_6_ (design)to be used in the home应是之前名词small computers 的后置定语，动词design与其之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填designed。【42题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：不过，他们缺少的是一个操作系统，而这正是微软的切入点。分析可知，_7_ they lacked为主语从句，从句中动词lacked缺少宾语，应用引导词what。故填What。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：微软的重大突破出现在1980年，当时微软开发了MS-DOS操作系统。分析可知，_8_ Microsoft
108、 created the MS-DOS operating system. Later came Windows 应是之前时间名词1980的定语从句，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。【44题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：艾伦去世后，比尔盖茨发表声明赞扬了艾伦。分析可知，此空应是动词不定式表目的。故可填to praise。45题详解】考查副词。句意：甚至在高中时，在大多数人还不知道个人电脑是什么之前，保罗就预言芯片将变得超级强大，并最终催生出一个全新的产业。分析可知，副词修饰动词短语“give rise to”，在句中作状语。故填eventually。【点睛】语法
109、填空之非谓语好判断非谓语形式在语法填空题中考查多为作定语或作状语形式比较多。判断方法如下：第一步，首先判断句中已经存在谓语；第二步，根据位置判断非谓语的句子成分；第三步，判断主被动关系，选择现在分词形式还是过去分词形式。比如文章第6小题：Microcomputers were small computers _6_ (design)to be used in the home.第一步，句中存在谓语“were”；第二步，“_6_ (design)to be used in the home”结构在名词之后，应是后置定语；第三步，与名词small computers之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。因
110、此答案为designed。第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Edward 正在学习汉语，希望你推荐一个适合他学习汉语的网站。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。1推荐网站；2网站内容：中国风俗、中文电影、成语等；教师在线答疑。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Edward,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Edward，Im more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese. Id lik
111、e to recommend to you. Its a good website for nonChinese speakers who are learning Chinese especially for beginners.Firstly, it provides you with a variety of online courses, such as Chinese idioms, dialogues and customs. Besides, it will help you learn Chinese in interesting and effective ways. Her
112、e you can learn to sing some Chinese songs, enjoy Tang poems and watch Chinese movies. More importantly, there are teachers online whom you can turn to for help. And all these are free of charge. I hope you will find this website attractive and helpful.Wish you a happy learning time!YoursLi Hua【解析】【
113、分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封电子邮件。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Edward 正在学习汉语，希望你推荐一个适合他学习汉语的网站。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。1推荐网站；2网站内容：中国风俗、中文电影、成语等；教师在线答疑。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：more than pleased (非常高兴)；recommend(推荐)；beginners(初学者)；provide sb. with sth.(给某人提供)；a variety of(各种各样的)；online courses(在线课程)；such as(比如)；free of
114、 charge(免费)；Tang poems(唐诗)；turn to sb. for help(向某人寻求帮助)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般将来时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Im more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese.运用了宾语从句；Its a good website
115、for nonChinese speakers who are learning Chinese, especially for beginners.运用了定语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节 续写(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Old Man Donovan was a mean man who hated children. He threw rocks at them and even shot at t
116、hem with a shotgun. At least thats what we had heard.His small farm bordered our neighborhood where my younger sister, Leigh Ann, and I lived when we were growing up. His farm was long, narrow, and quaint. It held two treasures. One was his beautiful fruit.There were many varieties of fruit: pears,
117、apples,and lots more I just cant think of. The fruit naturally drew the children to his land. It made them into thieves. But my sister and I didnt dare to take his fruit because of the horrible rumors we had heard about Old Man Donovan.One summer day, we were playing in a nearby field. It was time t
118、o head back home. My sister and I were feeling very daring that day. There was a short cut to our house that went through the Donovan farm. We thought he wouldnt be able to see us run across his property around the luscious(可口味美的) fruit trees. We were almost through the farm when we heard, “Hey,girl
119、s!” in a gruff (粗哑的), low voice. We stopped dead in our tracks! There we were, face to face with Old Man Donovan. Our knees were shaking. We had visions of rocks pounding our bodies and bullets piercing our hearts.“Come here,” he said, reaching up to one of his apple trees. Still shaking, we went ov
120、er to him. He held out several ripe, juicy, red apples. “Take these home,” he commanded .We took the apples with surprised hearts and ran all the way home. Of course, Leigh Annand I ate the apples.As time went on, we often went through Old Man Donovans farm, and he kept on giving us more luscious fr
121、uit. One day, we stopped by to see him when he was on his front porch (门廊). We talked to him for hours. While he was talking, we realized that we had found the other hidden treasure: the sweet, kind heart hidden behind his gruff voice. Soon, he was one of our favorite people to talk to.Paragraph 1:
122、Every summer, we would visit Mr. Donovan and talk to him. _Paragraph 2:The next winter, word got around that Old Man Donovan had died._【答案】Paragraph 1Every summer, we would visit Mr. Donovan and talk to him. We shared with him our colorful experience at school while he kept giving out his luscious f
123、ruits to us as usual. As time went by, we seemed to be more a family than good friends. But one summer, we were informed that he was seriously ill and we were anxious and restless, feeling like sitting on pins and needles. We rushed straight to the hospital to see his health condition. Weak as he wa
124、s, he comforted us that it wasnt a big deal.Paragraph 2The next winter, word got around that Old Man Donovan had died. Hearing the bad news, I felt a lump in my throat, tears welling up in my eyes. The wind whistled through the trees, as if mourning for the death of Donovan. I realized gone were the
125、 days when we sat together chatting with each other. However, he left us a hidden treasure-his kind heart, which shall never die away with the passage of time.【解析】【分析】这是一篇故事类读后续写。【详解】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者听到多诺万老头是个讨厌孩子的卑鄙小人的可怕传闻，不敢去拿走他的水果。后来的一天，作者和姐姐大胆的进入多诺万老人的农场，收到了甘美的水果，也发现藏在他粗哑声音背后的那颗甜蜜、善良的心。他
126、就成了作者最喜欢聊天的人之一。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：每年夏天，我们都会去拜访多诺万先生，和他交谈。所以应该续写作者和老人交谈的内容，以及作者和老人的关系日益亲密。且根据下一段开头提示可知，此段应为老人去世作铺垫。第二段开头是：第二年冬天，多诺万老人去世的消息传开了。本段应该写我对老人去世的态度，表明心中的悲痛之情。文章最后表明老人为作者留下的宝藏是老人的善良的心。续写时要根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右，按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：give out，chat with，die away等高级词汇；which引导的非限制性定语从句“he left us a hidden treasure-his kind heart, which shall never die away with the passage of time.”，when引导的定语从句“I realized gone were the days when we sat together chatting with each other.”。
