1、Unit 5 Music【考纲解读】1. 了解各种各样的音乐形式，深化对音乐的全面认识，增添音乐欣赏趣味，提高音乐修养，正确认识音乐的作用。2. 谈论乐队以及明星生活，引导学生用辩证和理智的态度看待明星的生活。【高频单词】1roll (vt. & vi) 滚动；(使)摇摆 (n.) 摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈2musician (n.) 音乐家music (n.) 音乐musical (adj.) 音乐的3pretend (vt.) 假装；假扮4attach (vt. & vi.) 系上；缚上；附加；连接attachment (n.)附件，附属物5form (vt.) (使)组成；形成；构成6p
2、asserby (n.) 过路人；行人passersby (pl.)7earn (vt.) 赚；挣得；获得earning (n.) 薪水；工资8extra (adj.) 额外的；外加的9instrument (n.) 工具；器械；乐器10perform (vt.& vi.) 表演；履行；执行performance (n.) 表演；演奏performer (n.) 表演者11millionaire (n.) 百万富翁；富豪 million (n.) 一百万12actor (n.) 男演员；行动者act (v.) 行动；行为action (n.)行动；行为过程active (adj.)活跃的；积极
3、的actress (n.) 女演员13rely (vi.) 依赖；依靠reliable (adj.) 可靠的；可信赖的14broadcast (n. & vi. & vt.) 广播；播放broadcast (过去式/过去分词)15painful (adj.) 痛苦的；疼痛的pain (n.) 疼痛16humorous (adj.) 幽默的；诙谐的humor (n.) 幽默17familiar (adj.) 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的18attractive (adj.) 吸引人的；有吸引力的attract (vt.) 吸引；引起attraction (n.) 吸引；吸引力；吸引人的事物19dip
4、(vt.) 浸；蘸dipped (过去式/过去分词)20confident (adj.) 自信的；确信的confidence (n.) 自信；信任21brief (adj.) 简短的；简要的(n.) 摘要；大纲briefly (adv.) 简要地；短暂地22devotion (n.) 投入；热爱devote (vt.) 奉献；致力于devoted (adj.) 献身的；忠诚的23invitation (n.) 邀请；招待invite (vt.) 邀请；招致inviting (adj.) 诱人的；吸引人的24sensitive (adj.) 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的sense (n.) 感觉；
5、感官【重点短语】1attach.to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接2be/get_familiar_with 熟悉；与熟悉起来3break_up 打碎；分裂；解体4in_addition 另外；也 5above_all 最重要的是；首先6to_be_honest 说实在地；说实话7in_cash 用现金；有现钱8play_jokes_on 戏弄9rely_on 依赖；依靠10or_so 大约11sort_out 分类12have_a_good_knowledge_of 精通；通晓【热点句型】1“代词ofwhich”构成的定语从句The musicians were to play joke
6、s on each other as well as play music, most_of_which (其中大多数)was based loosely on the Beatles.2过去分词短语作定语Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written_by_other_musicians (由别的音乐家创作的)3not. without.双重否定句式Freddy and his band could_not_go_out_anywhere_without_being_ followed (无论走到哪里都会有人跟随)
7、4as if引导方式状语从句Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as_if_they_were_close_friends (就像他们是密友)5adj.enough to do sth. 足够以至于Anyhow their performance were humorous_enough_to_be_copied (非常幽默以至于被模仿) by other groups.【单词冲关】例1、pretendvt.假装；假扮Do you sing karaoke
8、and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan？你唱卡拉OK并假装你是宋祖英或刘欢那样的著名歌星吗？【归纳拓展】【名师点睛】pretend后接动词不定式作宾语时，根据不同的语境要求，不定式可以采用一般式、进行式、完成式来表达不同的时间概念。有类似用法的动词还包括：happen， appear， seem， claim及be said to do sth.等结构。【语境助记】He pretended to_be_friendly to us.他假装对我们很友好。The boy pretended_to_be_con
9、centrating_on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.那个男孩假装在专注于功课，但事实上他的思想在开小差。Jacy pretended_to_have_known everything about it and said nothing.杰西假装已了解了一切，什么也没有讲。单句改错He would ask who we were and pretend not to knowing us.knowing改为know例2、attachvt.& vi.附上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接To be honest, a lot of pe
10、ople attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.说实在的，许多人把名和利看得很重。【归纳拓展】(1)attach.to.认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接attach importance/significance/value to认为有重要性(或意义、价值等)attach oneself to sb.与某人在一起；缠着某人attach to sb./sth.(使)与某人/物有关系/有关联(2)attached adj.依恋；附属于be attached to附属于；依恋【名师点睛】【语境助记】My parents always
11、 attach_great_importance_to my getting a good education.父母一直认为我接受良好的教育非常重要。Attach a recent photograph to your application form.申请表上请贴一张近照。This hospital is_attached_to the medical college nearby.这家医院附属于附近的那所医学院。He is deeply attached_to his mother.他深深地依恋着自己的母亲。例3、formn形状；形态；外形；表格；形式v(使)组成；形成；构成；排列But
12、just how do people form a band？但是人们是怎样组成一个乐队的呢？【归纳拓展】(1)form the habit of养成的习惯form into组成；编成(2)be in/out of form处于良好的/不良的状态in the form of以的形式；呈的状态take the form of采取的形式；表现为的形式fill in/out a form填表格【语境助记】Hundreds of people have formed_impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk.成百上千
13、的人会通过你桌子上的小装置，对你形成一定的印象。A habit is difficult and sometimes almost impossible to get rid of once formed.习惯一旦形成，就很难、有时几乎不可能改掉。To apply for a job, you must fill_in a form.要申请工作，你必须填份表。Youd sound a lot more polite if you make a request in_the_form_of a question.如果你以问问题的方式提出请求，你听起来会更有礼貌。例4、familiaradj.熟悉
14、的；常见的；亲近的They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.他们如此受欢迎以致歌迷们为了更加了解他们而成立了俱乐部。【归纳拓展】(1)be familiar with熟悉；通晓其主语通常是指人的名词，with的宾语是主语通晓的事物(2)be familiar to为所熟悉其主语通常是人们所通晓的事物，to的宾语通常是指人的名词(3)unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的(4)familiarity n. 熟悉；亲密；精通【语境助记】After the for
15、eign guests got_familiar_with the Chinese traditional festivals, they liked to live in China.外国客人在熟悉了中国传统节日后，便喜欢在中国生活。The voice on the phone sounded_familiar_to me.电话里的声音我听起来很熟悉。This peaceful nursery rhyme is_very_familiar_to me. That is to say, I _am_familiar_with this peaceful nursery rhyme.这首平和的童
16、谣是我所熟悉的。也就是说，我很熟悉这首童谣。Home to me means a sense of familiarity and nostalgia.家对我来说意味着一种熟悉和怀旧。例5、performvt.& vi.上演；扮演；演奏；履行(约定、诺言、命令等)His most exciting invitation was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops.”最令他兴奋的是受邀参加叫作“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目。【归纳拓展】(1)perform a(n).role in 在中起作用(2)perform ones dut
17、y/promise 尽责任/履行诺言perform an experiment 进行试验perform an operation/a play进行手术/演一出戏perform well/badly 表现得好/坏(3)performance n执行；表演；演奏；表现put_on/give a performance 表演；演出a live performance一次现场演出(4)performer n. 演奏者；表演者【语境助记】As everyone knows, she performed an_important_role_in our organization.大家都知道，她在我们的组织
18、中发挥着重要的作用。The surgeon is performing_an_operation,_so you just cant talk to him for the moment.那位外科医生正在忙着做手术，眼下你不能和他通话。I consider the opportunity is of great importance and I have been preparing for it recently with the hope that I can perform it well.我认为这次机会很重要，最近我一直在准备着，希望我能表现出色。2016全国卷The season r
19、uns June through August, with additional performances in March and September.这个音乐季从六月持续到八月，而且在三月和九月也有额外的表演。例6、sensitiveadj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的；明智的At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.终于由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷
20、迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。【归纳拓展】(1)be sensitive to对敏感be sensitive about介意；在乎(2)make_sense有意义；说得通；是明智的make sense of理解；明白(3)sensible adj. 明智的；明显的；意识到的be sensible of知道；意识到【语境助记】There is no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive_to the price.毫无疑问，消费者仍对价格十分敏感。She is very sensitive_about he
21、r overweight.她很忌讳别人说她胖。It makes_sense to buy the most uptodate version.买最新的版本是明智的。I think thats a very_sensible idea.我看这个主意很妥当。高频考点二 短语例1、rely on 依靠；依赖；指望As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.由于一些演员唱得不够好，他们只好依靠别的音乐人来帮助他们。【归纳拓展】【语境助记】If s
22、tudents rely_on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.如果学生们依靠管理人员来规范他们的社交行为和思维方法，那么在一个更大的且复杂的社团里，他们将无法面对识别自己身份的挑战。I know I can rely_on_you to sort it out.我相信你会把它解决好的。You ma
23、y rely_on_it_that she wont be late.你尽管放心，她不会迟到的。Many people now would rely_on_surfing the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.现在很多人宁愿依靠上网浏览新闻也不愿读报纸。Were looking for someone who is reliable_and_ hardworking.我们在物色可靠而又勤奋的人。例2、break up 打碎；分裂；解体；结束；放假The band broke up about 1970, but happily th
24、ey reunited in the mid1980s.(P34)乐队大约在1970年解散了，但令人高兴的是，他们在80年代中期又重组起来了。【归纳拓展】break down出故障；坏掉；失败；垮掉；垮下来；分解break in破门而入；打断(谈话等)break into强行闯入；突然起来break out(战争、火灾等)爆发；发生break away from脱离；挣脱break through突围；突破；冲垮；克服break off中断；折断【语境助记】Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break_up wit
25、hout warning.诺顿湾被冰层覆盖，而有时冰层会悄无声息地破裂。What will happen to the children if Jim and Mary break_up?如果吉姆和玛丽离婚，孩子们怎么办呢？Someone broke_in and took several computers.有人闯入屋内，偷走了几台电脑。She broke_off a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.她掰下一块巧克力给了我。The biggest flood in recent years broke_out in July in Wuhan.武汉7
26、月以来发生了近年来最大的洪水。写出下列句子中break up的意思aIm surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken up.So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.分手bThe meeting didnt break up until deep at night.结束cThe police came running and broke up the crowd.驱散dWhen does the school break up for the summer ho
27、lidays？放假用break短语填空aWe had our car broken_into last week when we got to the supermarket.bThe people of the province wished to break_away and form a new state.c. He broke_off in the middle of a sentence at the meeting yesterday.dScientists think they are beginning to break_through in the fight agains
28、t cancer.例3、above all 最重要的是；首先Above all, just have fun！最重要的是，一定要开心！after all毕竟；终究all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟first of all首先【归纳拓展】above all重在强调所列举内容在所有事物中的位置最为重要。 first of all，first及firstly侧重于强调列举事物的顺序，用于举例时表示“首先，第一”。【语境助记】To be great, you must be smart, confident, and,
29、above_all,_honest.想要优秀，你必须聪明、自信，更重要的是诚实。I found out that I have no artistic ability at_all. 我发现我一点艺术能力也没有。All_in_all,_every road leads to Rome, and I do believe hard work pays off.总之，条条大路通罗马，我坚信努力总会有回报。Dont believe the advertisement. After_all,_it is the customers who pay for whatever you are given.
30、不要相信广告。毕竟是羊毛出在羊身上，还是顾客买单。First_of_all,_you should not have scolded the boy _at_all;_he is a child after_all. Above_all he made only two mistakes in_all.首先，你根本不该责备那个男孩，毕竟他还是个孩子；最重要的是，他总共只犯了两处错误。高频考点三、句型例1、The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most_of_which was based lo
31、osely on the Beatles.组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。【归纳拓展】most of which是“名词/代词介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句。此类结构常见的有：(1)some/several/a few/a little/many/more/most.of_which/whom(2)then.whosen.【名师点睛】在以上结构中，注意使用关系代词与代词时的差异性。使用代词时，两句中间有连词；如两句中没有连词，且又指代前文中的名词，则用关系代词。eg： Tom has written two novels， both of w
32、hich have been made into movies.Tom has written two novels， and both of them have been made into movies.【语境助记】I have many foreign language books, most_of_which are worldfamous works.我有许多外语书，其中大多数是世界名著。English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each_of_which uses it differently.英语是一种被好
33、几种不同的文化共同使用的语言，而且每一种文化使用它的方式也不同。The books on the desk, the_covers_of_which are shiny, are prizes for us.桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。例2、Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的乐队走到哪里都会有人跟随。【归纳拓展】no练t.without. 没有就不能，双重否定表肯定。常见否定结构表示肯定意义的还有：cannot.too/enough. 越越；无论怎样也不为过cannot
34、 wait to_do sth. 迫不及待地做某事cannot help doing sth. 禁不住/忍不住做某事【语境助记】However, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried_out.然而，一项计划如果不真正实施的话，是不会有结果的。I could have never made so much progress without_your_help.如果没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得如此大的进步。Hemingway wouldnt have written his famous novel A Farewell t
35、o Arms without_his_wartime_experience.海明威要是没有他的战争经历，不会写出著名小说告别了，武器。You cant_be_too_careful while driving a car.你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。Use your head and you will find nothing is impossible in the world.动动脑筋你就会发现世上无难事。You cant leave the country without_a_passport.没有护照你就不能离开这个国家。I can_hardly_wait_to hear the ne
36、ws.我迫不及待地想听到这个消息。高频考点四、语法“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句（1）基本构成“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中，常用的介词有in, for, to, with等，关系代词则使用which或whom而不能用that。（2）关系代词前的介词选用的原则“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选用主要遵循以下三个原则。1一先：根据先行词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing.我的房子前面有一棵树，上面有鸟儿正在唱歌。(in the tree在树上)2二谓：根据定
37、语从句中的谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择介词。In the dark street, there wasnt a single person, to whom she could turn for help.(turn to sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助)在漆黑的街上，她没有一个可以求助的人。3三意义：根据先行词、定语从句中的谓语动词共同的搭配关系或者说句子的意思来选择介词。Wang Hong, with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed herself very much.和我一起去音乐会的王红玩得非常高兴。(go to the concert
38、 with sb.与某人一起去音乐会)【名师点睛】有些“动词介词”构成的短语动词，如look for， look after， call on等， 用在定语从句中作谓语动词时不可拆开，也就是说其中的介词不能置于关系代词之前。He has a little daughter， who is looked after by her grandma.他有一个小女儿，由她的奶奶照顾着。,该句中的look after是不可拆开的短语动词，after不可置于关系代词who之前。（3）关系副词与“介词关系代词”的互换引导定语从句的关系副词常可以和“介词关系代词(which)”互换。I often think
39、 of the moment, when/at which I saw the UFO.我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。The police searched the house where/in which the thief had stayed.警察搜查了小偷待过的那个房子。I dont know the reason why/for which the house is so dirty.我不知道这栋房子为什么这么脏。1. 【2019北京卷，C】The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refus
40、e to pick up calls from numbers they dont know. By next year，half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately，its t
41、oo little，too late. By the time these “solutions(解决方案)become widely available，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future，its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually rea
42、l.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this years I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human sounding voice that it was a
43、ble to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has
44、led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother s name ，and far more. Armed with this knowledge. theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you usin
45、g a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller s，ricking you into confirming your address，mothers name，and card number. Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice man
46、ipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,
47、 showing when and who they were made by. or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communicationsusing apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.3
48、8. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls?A. Panicked.B. Confused.C. Embarrassed.D. Disappointed.39. taking advantage of the new technologies，scammer can_.A. aim at victims preciselyB. damage databases easilyC. start campaigns rapidlyD. spread information widely40. What
49、 does the passage imply?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. Technologies can be double-edited.C. There are more solutions than problems.D. Credibility holds the key to development.41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB. Who Is to
50、Blame for the Problem of RoboeallsC. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology2. 【2019北京卷，D】By the end of the century，if not sooner，the worlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.At the heart
51、of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climat
52、e change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die，they bury carbon in t
53、he deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutri
54、ents.Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blu
55、e areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytopla
56、nkton is changing. ”42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.43. What does the underlined word“vulnerab
57、le”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sensitive.B. BeneficialC. SignificantD. Unnoticeable44. What can we learn from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changesC. Phytoplankton have been used to control global cli
58、mateD. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.45. What is the main purpose of the passage？A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changesB. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chainC. To explain the effects of climate change on oceansD. To introduce a new method to study ph
59、ytoplankton【2018全国III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say sorry, _41_ number! and move on. But when Dennis Williams _42_ a text that clearly wasnt intended for him, he did something _43_.On March 19,
60、Dennis got a group text _44_ him that a couple he didnt know were at the hospital, waiting for the _45_ of a baby.Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken, Dennis _46_. The baby was born and update texts were _47_ quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her _48_, she didnt seem t
61、o realize that she was _49_ the babys photos with a complete stranger. Well, I dont _50_ you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby, replied Dennis before asking which room the new _51_ were in. Much to the familys surprise, Dennis stuck to his _52_! He turned up at the hospital _53
62、_ gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindseys husband was totally _54_ by the unexpected visit. I dont think we would have randomly invited him over but we _55_ it and the gifts.Teresa _56_ a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website _57_ by the touching words: What
63、a _58_ this young man was to our family! He was so _59_ and kind to do this. The post has since gained the _60_ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.41. A. unlucky B. secret C. new D. wrong42. A. received B. translated C. co
64、pied D. printed43. A. reasonable B. special C. necessary D. practical 44. A. convincing B. reminding C. informing D. warning 45. A. wake-up B. recovery C. growth D. arrival46. A. responded B. interrupted C. predicted D. repeated47. A. coming in B. setting out C. passing down D. moving around48. A. o
65、pinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort49. A. comparing B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing50. A. accept B. know C. believe D. bother51. A. parents B. doctors C. patients D. visitors52. A. dream B. promise C. agenda D. principle53. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making54. A. discouraged
66、 B. relaxed C. astonished D. defeated55. A. admit B. need C. appreciate D. expect 56. A. found B. selected C. developed D. posted 57. A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied58. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem59. A. smart B. calm C. sweet D. fair60. A. sympathy B. attention C.
67、 control D. trust 17.【2017天津卷】ASuppose youre in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.Realisation will probably set in seconds after youve clicked “send”. You freeze in horrors and burn with shame.What to do? Here are four com
68、mon email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send” too soonDont waste your time trying to find out if the receivers has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing
69、the wrong timeThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologizing for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: dont handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(I.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Cl
70、icking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal(透露)to entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holiday youd like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can qu
71、ickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an offensive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger
72、. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person youre discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensiblysee it as an opportunity tic hear up any diffic
73、ulties you may have with this person.36. After realizing an email accident, you are likely to feel _.A. curious B. tired C. awful D. funny 37. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to _.A. apologise in a serious mannerB. tell the receiver to ignore the errorC. learn to write the
74、 name correctlyD. send a short notice to everyone38. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email?A. Try offering other choices.B. Avoid further involvement.C. Meet other staff members.D. Make a light-hearted apology.39. How should you deal with the problem
75、 caused by an offensive email?A. By promising not to offend the receiver again.B. By seeking support from the receivers friends.C. By asking the receiver to control his anger.D. By talking to the receiver face to face.40. What is the passage mainly about?A. Defining email errors.B. Reducing email mi
76、stakes.C. Handling email accidents.D. Improving email writing.18.【2017天津卷】BFifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positione
77、d myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning
78、 the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didnt want to mess wit
79、h that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow coms to life and breathes because this woma
80、n is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some strangers bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private spac
81、e, in which some woman I dont even know has been immortalized(使永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others space. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for somet
82、hing that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A. Her camera stopped working.B. A woman blocked her view.C. Someone asked her to
83、 leaveD. A friend approached from behind.42. According to the author, the woman was probably_.A. enjoying herselfB. losing her patienceC. waiting for the sunsetD. thinking about her past43. In the authors opinion, what makes the photo so alive?A. The rich color of the landscape.B. The perfect positi
84、oning of the camera.C. The womans existence in the photo.D. The soft sunlight that summer day.44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand _.A. the need to be close to natureB. the importance of private spaceC. the joy of the vacation in ItalyD. the shared passion for be
85、auty45. The passage can be seen as the authors reflections upon _.A. a particular life experienceB. the pleasure of travelingC. the art of photographyD. a lost friendship19.【2017天津卷】CThis month, Germanys transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(
86、自主驾驶车辆). They would define the drivers role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost. The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could dela
87、y the driverless future.Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel to check email, say the cars maker is responsi
88、ble if there is a crash.“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and la
89、wyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduces earlier this year, insists that a human “ be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.But that is not what m
90、any people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say driverless cars, people expect driverless cars.”Merat says. “You know no driver.” Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.Driverless cars may end u
91、p being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government
92、would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.46. What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A place where cars often break down.B. A case where passing a law is impossible.C. An area where no driving is permitted. D
93、. A situation where drivers role is not clear.47. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to _.A. stop people from breaking traffic rulesB. help promote fully automatic drivingC. protect drivers of all ages and racesD. prevent serious property damage48. What do consumers think of the operation of
94、driverless cars?A. It should get the attention of insurance companies.B. It should be the main concern of law makers.C. It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.D. It should involve no human responsibility.49. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in _.A. SingaporeB. the U
95、KC. the USD. Germany50. What could be the best title for passage?A. Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?B. Fully Automatic Cars: A New BreakthroughC. Autonomous Vehicles: Driver RemovedD. Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents20.【2017天津卷】DI read somewhere that we spend a full third of our lives wai
96、ting. But where are we doing all of this waiting, and what does it mean to an impatient society like ours? To understand the issue, lets take a look at three types of “waits”.The very purest form of waiting is the Watched-Pot Wait. It is without doubt the most annoying of all. Take filling up the ki
97、tchen sink(洗碗池) as an example. There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until its full. During these waits, the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and onto your socks. This kind
98、of wait makes the waiter helpless and mindless. A cousin to the Watched-Pot Wait is the Forced Wait. This one requires a bit of discipline. Properly preparing packaged noodle soup required a Forced Wait. Directions are very specific. “Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer three minutes,
99、 remove from heat, let stand five minutes.”I have my doubts that anyone has actually followed the procedures strictly. After all, Forced Waiting requires patience. Perhaps the most powerful type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. This type of wait is unusual in that it is for the most part voluntar
100、y. Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen. Turning ones life into a waiting game requires faith and hope, and is strictly for the optimists among us. On the surface it seems as ridiculous as following the directions
101、 on soup mixes, but the Lucky-Break Wait well serves those who are willing to do it. As long as one doesnt come to rely on it, wishing for a few good things to happen never hurts anybody. We certainly do spend a good deal of our time waiting. The next time youre standing at the sink waiting for it t
102、o fill while cooking noodle soup that youll have to eat until a large bag of cash falls out of the sky, dont be desperate. Youre probably just as busy as the next guy.51. While doing a Watched-Pot Wait, we tend to _.A. keep ourselves busyB. get absent-mindedC. grow anxiousD. stay focused52. What is
103、the difference between the Forced Wait and the Watched-Pot Wait?A. The Forced Wait requires some self-control.B. The Forced Wait makes people passive.C. The Watched-Pot Wait needs directions.D. The Watched-Pot Wait engages body and brain. 53. What can we learn about the Lucky-Break Wait?A. It is les
104、s voluntary than the Forced Wait.B. It doesnt always bring the desired result. C. It is more fruitful than the Forced Wait.D. It doesnt give people faith and hope.54. What does the author advise us to do the next time we are waiting?A. Take it seriously.B. Dont rely on others.C. Do something else.D. Dont lose heart.55. The author supports his view by _.A. exploring various causes of “waits”.B. describing detailed processes of “waits”.C. analyzing different categories of “waits”D. revealing frustrating consequences of “waits”
