1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions必备知识盘点夯基 BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_distinguish_ vi& vt显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别2_product_n产品3_seize_vt 抓住；捉住；夺4_dial_vt拨(电话)5_rainfall_n降雨6_innocent_ adj清白的；无罪的；天真的7_bear_vt忍受；忍耐；负担8_tap_vt& vi轻打；轻拍；轻敲n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头9_stable_adj稳固的；稳定的；安定的10_practical_ adj
2、实际的；实践的；实用的1(2020全国卷)We are the products (产品)of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago2We believe that only a _stable_ (稳定的) and fully confident middle class will guarantee the stability and prosperity of Hong Kong3 I _dialed_ (拨打) 120 and waited there until she was ta
3、ken to hospital4Your suggestion sounds reasonable and _practical_(practice) I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting5 He is too young _to distinguish_ (distinguish) between right and wrong, and needs your guidance6I _seized_ (seize) the opportunity to practise my spoken English拓展单词1_c
4、onvenient_adj便利的；方便的；就近的_convenience_n方便，便利；适宜_conveniently_ adv便利地，方便地2 _caution_ n小心；谨慎_cautious_ adj小心的；谨慎的_cautiously_ adv小心地；谨慎地3_abrupt_ adj突然的；意外的_abruptly_ adv突然地；唐突地4_expectation_ n预料；期待；期望_expect_v预料；期待；期望；认为5_recognition_ n认出；认可；承认_recognize_vt认出，识别；承认6_freezing_adj冰冻的；严寒的_freeze_v冰冻_froz
5、en_adj冻结的7_occasionally_ adv偶然地；不时地_occasional_ adj偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的_occasion_ n时机，机会；场合8_merry_ adj愉快的；高兴的_merrily_ adv高兴地；愉快地9_associate_ vt联想；联系n同伴；伙伴_association_ n协会；联合；关联1He is a _cautious_ man and is always doing things with _caution_ You should get on with him _cautiously_ (caution)2You can visi
6、t Professor Li when it is _convenient_，that is, at his _convenience_ His house is _conveniently_ near the bus stop (convenient)3In western countries, the number “thirteen” is usually _associated_ with bad luck, but actually there isnt any _association between them (associate)4The dog wagged its tail
7、 in _expectation_ of a bone but was _expected_ to go out (expect)5It is _freezing_ outside now, and more snow is falling on already _frozen_ streets (freeze)6This is my _occasional_ visit to the theme park, in which I _occasionally_ meet the cartoon characters I like most (occasion)7(2020江苏卷改编)The o
8、utbreak of Covid-19 has meant an abrupt change in our life and work Our life and work have been abruptly changed(abrupt)联想积累：1后缀-ive形容词集锦active 主动的passive 被动的positive 积极的negative 消极的subjective 主观的objective 客观的2含fore-前缀的单词面面观forehead n 额头forearm n 前臂forecast vt 预报foresee vt 预见；预知foreword n 前言foretell
9、 v 预言；预示3表示“抓住”的相关词语一览seize vt 抓住；捉住catch vt 抓住；接住grasp vt 抓住；掌握catch hold of 抓住get hold of 抓住短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_call up_给打电话；使想起2_now and then_偶尔；有时3_set about _开始；着手4_dive into_迅速把手伸入；一心投入5_set out (to do)_开始(做)6_hang on _不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7_out of order_次序颠倒；发生故障8_get through_设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9_ring
10、back _回复电话10_ring off_挂断电话语境运用1Robot _dived into_ his pocket and took out a handful of pennies2 Its the love and responsibility that have driven him to _ get through_ many hardships and survive3As soon as she got into the classroom, she _set about_ preparing for the lessons4 I checked the files and
11、some of the papers were _out of order_ You had better sort them out5The students go to visit their English teacher _now and then _ who retired from school last year6As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _called up _ scenes of my childhood 句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用
12、1The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。sothat“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。1他的发明如此实用以至于很快就获得了专利。His invention was _so practical that_ he soon got a patent2Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you
13、will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占据你的大脑。祈使句and/or/otherwise陈述句。2(2018浙江6月卷写作)给我一个机会，我不会辜负你的期望。Give me a chance _and I will live up to your expectations_3Now its a matter of waiting and hoping现在，只是等待和期望的问题了。 a matter of意为“的问题”。3(全国卷书面表达)只要你努力，对
14、你而言，很好地理解中国文化只不过是一个时间问题。It is just _a matter of time_ for you to understand Chinese culture well so long as you work hard核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1distinguish vt& vi显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别词汇拓展distinguished adj卓越的；著名的；杰出的distinguishable adj易分辨的；能区分的用法归纳(1)distinguish betweenand区分/辨别和disting
15、uishfrom使有别于distinguish oneself(as)(作为)表现突出(2)be distinguished for因而出名be distinguished as作为而出名层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(朗文辞典)The twins are so alike Its difficult to distinguish one _from_ the other(牛津词典)At what age are children able to distinguish _between_ right and wrong?The Chinese Nation which is distinguis
16、hed _for_ its diligence and courage has attracted the attention from the worldI can introduce Chinese painting to our _distinguished_(distinguish) guests efficiently while offering them constructive guidance 提能句式升级Because it is distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbe
17、rs of tourists every year_Distinguished for its attractive scenery_，Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year2bear vt(bore，borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；承担；记住；生育；结果实归纳拓展(1)cant bear doing/to do sth 不能忍受做某事cant bear sb/sbs doing/to do sth不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担bear responsibility/the blam
18、e 承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keep sthin mind 记住某事bear/keep in mind that记住层级训练夯基写出下列句中bear的含义。Everyone should bear the responsibility of protecting the environment_承担_(2019天津卷)We learn to bear with the things we cant change We learn to avoid self-pity_忍受_She did bear a healthy baby in hospital yesterday _生育_(浙江
19、卷写作)However, a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried out_结果实_夯基单句语法填空。I cant bear young people _casting_ (cast) away their youth_Bearing_ (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children 提能词汇升级。My mother often reminds me to remember that “Failure is the mother of
20、success”My mother often reminds me to _bear/keep in mind_ that “Failure is the mother of success”3associate vt联想；联系n同伴，伙伴词汇拓展association n 联合；联想；交往；协会；团体用法归纳(1)associate sb/sthwith sb/sth把某人/某事和某人/某事联系在一起；由某人/某事联想到某人/某事be associated with 和有关；与联系在一起associate with sb与某人交往或打交道(2)in association with 与合伙
21、/合作；与联合(结交，有关联)层级训练夯基单句语法填空。Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air _with_ health care If you associate _with_ positive-thinking people, you are definitely going to achieve success There are many serious health problems which _are associated_ (associate) with smoking (牛津词典)He is closely
22、associated in the public mind _with_ horror movies(2020全国卷)As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated (associate)with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers提能单句写作。(全国卷书面表达)This exhibition was organized by the local government _in association with several paper-cut
23、ting artists_这次展览是由当地政府联合一些剪纸艺术家共同组织的。4call up给打电话；使想起归纳拓展(1)call at 拜访(某个地点)call off 取消；停止call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召call for (公开)要求；呼吁；需要；去接(某人)call in 邀请；请来(2)与“打电话”有关的其他短语：ring up 给打电话ring/call back回复电话ring off挂断电话give sb a ring/call 给某人打电话hang/hold on 不挂断层级训练夯基用call相关短语填空。(湖南卷)The teachers praise _c
24、alled up_ memories of my mothers encouragementThey call_on/upon/for_people and the government to take measures to fight against light pollutionThe game was _called off_because of the bad weatherHe offered me a good job, one that _calls for_ great patienceI will _call for_ you at 8 oclock at the scho
25、ol gateMr White was to _call at_ my house after he finished his speech提能单句写作。(北京卷书面表达)A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, _calling on/upon us to join in the activity for a greener earth_地球日前一周，在我们学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入到这个“让地球变得更绿”的活动中来。5get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；
26、耗尽归纳拓展(1)get(sth)across(to sb) (使某事)被(某人)理解get along with sb与某人相处；进展get away with sth携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚get down to(doing)sth开始做某事；认真处理某事get over 爬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来(2)go through经历；检查look through浏览；仔细查看live through活过；经过之后仍然活着see through看穿；识破层级训练夯基写出下列句中get through的含义。I managed to get through the game and the
27、 pain was worth it in the end_设法做完_I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then_打通电话_Luckily, the gap in the fence was just wide enough for the sheep to get through_通过_The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more_用
28、光_She found writing helped her get through the rough days_度过_提能选用get短语填空。How can I_get_it_across_to you how important it is?Studying a foreign language is always hard at the beginning，but Ill_get over_itIts high time that I_got/should get down to_reflecting on my mistakes6Follow it up，explore all ar
29、ound it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占据你的大脑。该句使用了“祈使句and陈述句”结构，表示“条件与结果”的逻辑关系。归纳拓展(1)祈使句and陈述句If，主句(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句Ifnot，主句(3)名词词组and陈述句温馨提示以上结构后面的陈述句多用表示将来意义的时态结构。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2018浙江卷写作)Give me a
30、 chance, _and_ I will reward you with moreGive up smoking, _or/otherwise_ you may die of lung cancerA bit more effort, I think, _and_ you will settle the problem提能一句多译。充分利用各种条件，我们就能取得成功。_Make the most of all kinds of conditions_ , and we will achieve success_If we make the most of all kinds of condi
31、tions_，we will achieve success(if从句)_Making the most of all kinds of conditions_，we will achieve success(分词作状语)高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1Give me a chance, _and_ Ill give you a wonderful surprise2Ive been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong w
32、ith the network；I cant seem to get _through_3Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set _about_ preparing your business plan4(2020全国卷)The next morning he hired a boat and set out to find (find) the well-known painter 5The photo which we took last summer vacation called _up_ the happy
33、days6We have to be _practical_(practice)There is no point in looking at a house we cant afford to buy7What shocked the police and the people around most was that the kidnapper suddenly dived _into_ his pocket and took out a gun in a desperate attempt to escape with the kidnapped child8(2020全国卷)Bambo
34、o plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home 9In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers to work _out_ regularly rather than take expensive weight-losing pills10Until the start of the Industrial Revolution, mankind was poor, hungry, and constantly _at_ the mercy of disease an
35、d natural disasters单句改错1Im not accustomed to associate with people like those young men_associateassociating_2Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high frozen point_frozenfreezing_3There was a general expectation what most students would pass the exam_whatthat_4I think you shou
36、ld be caution about giving your address to strangers_cautioncautious_5Distinguishing for its diligence and courage, the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world_DistinguishingDistinguished_6He seized her by her arm and took her outside_第二个herthe_单句写作1给我这个机会，我会用伟大的成就回报你。(祈使句and陈述句)_G
37、ive me the opportunity，and I will reward you with great achievements_2这首诗一定与叫西施的美女有关系。(bound；associate)_The poem is bound to be associated with the beauty called Xishi_3下定决心后，这个经理开始执行这个计划。(set about；undertake)_Having made up his mind，the manager set about undertaking the plan_4让他沮丧的是这次活动有负众望。(expect
38、ation)_What made him cast down was that this activity didnt live up to expectations_5如果你方便，请尽快回电话。(ring back)_If it is convenient for you，please ring back as soon as possible_语篇填空When the writer called up her mother in the countryside _1on_ the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house an
39、d that the snakes _2seemed_(seem) to have made their home there When asked to help get rid of the snakes, the writer felt proud and considered _3it_ a chance for her to distinguish herself by inventing something _4merciful_(mercy) that would catch snakes but not harm them She set about _5researching
40、_(research) the habits of snakes She decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught _6However_，her first two plans were not successful As _7a_ result, she had to attempt a third time, which helped her fulfill her aim _8successfully_(success) _9Pressed_(press) by her friends and relations,
41、she decided to send her _10invention_(invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文假设你是李华，你从当地一家网站上看到一则招聘设计部助手的广告，请你给负责人写一封求职信，内容包括：自我介绍；个人优势；希望得到回复。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇) 得知你的设计部需要助手，我想申请这个职位。I have learned that _your designing department is in need
42、of an assistant_ Id like to apply for the position自从童年开始，我就着手设计东西。_I have set about designing/set out to design_ things since my childhood在过去的两年中，我一直潜心设计并在设计大赛中获得一等奖。In the past two years，_I have been diving into designing_ and have won first prize in the designing competition我能忍受艰苦的训练而且喜欢与人交往。 _I c
43、an bear the hard training_ and _like to associate with others_我对电脑操作和办公软件运用自如，这可以帮我顺利完成工作。I feel comfortable with computer operation and office software，_which can help me get through my work well_如果被雇佣，我将竭尽全力以不辜负您的期望。If I am employed，_I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations_如果你考虑我的申请
44、，我将不胜感激。_I would appreciate it if you could consider my application_升级平淡句 1利用分词作状语升级句_Learning that your designing department is in need of an assistant，Id like to apply for the position_ 2利用省略句升级句_If employed，I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations_衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：in addition，me
45、anwhile等)_Dear Sir/Madam，_ _Learning that your designing department is in need of an assistant, Id like to apply for the position I have set about designing things since my childhood In the past two years, I have been diving into designing and have won first prize in the designing competition In add
46、ition, I can bear the hard training and like to associate with others Meanwhile, I feel comfortable with computer operation and office software，which can help me get through my work well If employed, I will spare no effort to live up to your expectations I would appreciate it if you could consider my application _ _Yours，_ _Li Hua_
