1、 Unit 1Cultural relics必备知识盘点夯基 ,BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_design_ n设计；图案；构思vt设计；计划；构思2_style_ n风格；风度；类型3_artist_n艺术家4_doubt_ n怀疑；疑惑vt怀疑；不信5_worth_prep值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用adj古值钱的6_local_adj本地的；当地的7_entrance_n入口8_debate_n& vi争论；辩论9_select_ vt挑选；选择10_remove_vt移动；搬开11_sink_ vt下沉；沉下1
2、2_explode_ vi爆炸13_former_adj以前的；从前的14_belong_vi属于；为的一员1(2020全国卷)The good news is that its simple to learn and can be worth (值得的)the effort2Some firefighters put out the fire before the car _exploded_(爆炸)3Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is under _debate_ (争论；辩论)4(2019天津卷改编)Most co
3、lleges now offer first-year students a course specially _designed_ (design)to help them succeed academically and personally5The city _was selected_ (select) as the place for an important meeting in 2019 because of its beautiful coastal scenery6The passengers became very frightened after realizing th
4、e ship was _sinking_ (sink)7Many of the _artists_ (artist) in the show donated their fee to charity8There were so many people at the _entrance_ (enter) to the park waiting to buy tickets拓展单词1_valuable_adj贵重的；有价值的_value_ n& vt价值；重视_invaluable_adj极有用的；极宝贵的；无价的2_survive_ vi幸免；幸存；生还_survival_n幸存_survivo
5、r_n幸存者3_amaze_ vt使吃惊；惊讶_amazing_adj令人吃惊的_amazed_adj吃惊的_amazement_n惊奇4_decorate_v装饰；装修_decoration_ n装饰5_wooden_ adj木制的_wood_ n木；木材6_evidence_ n根据；证据_evident_ adj明显的；明白的1It was _evident_ that all the _evidence_ we collected proved him to be guilty (evident)2Luckily, I _survived_ the terrible car crash
6、 last week and I was the only _survivor_ of the accident (survive) 3To my _amazement_，the _amazing_ news _amazes_ the family and their neighbors are also _amazed_ (amaze) 4All the experts _valued_ your advice; in other words, they thought your advice was _valuable_ (valuable) 5(2020全国卷)Orange trees
7、make great gifts and you see them many times _decorated_ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune联想积累：1以-al结尾的名词集锦survivesurvival幸存arrivearrival到达refuserefusal拒绝removeremoval除去；搬迁withdrawwithdrawal撤退2后缀-ence的名词集锦evidentevidence 证据consequentconsequence结果convenientconvenience便利；方便abs
8、entabsence缺乏；缺席competentcompetence 能力；胜任3“争论”相关词一览debate v& n辩论；争论argue v争论discuss v 讨论quarrel v& n争吵dispute v& n争论；争端短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1_in search of_ 寻找2_belong to_ 属于3_in return_ 作为报答；回报4_at war_处于交战状态5_less than_ 少于6_take apart_拆开7_think highly of_尊重；器重；高度评价8_look into_调查9_serve as_ 充当；起作用10_rather
9、than_ 而不是；与其倒不如语境运用1Recently, scientists have been _in search of_ a cure for this kind of strange disease2Young children are always curious about how things work They often _take apart_ toys to see what makes them work3At that time Germany was _at war_ with nearly all the European countries4I guess
10、your boss must _think highly of_ you as he gives you so much responsibility5Last but not least, it is the inner beauty _rather than_ our appearance that makes us respectable6This is a small house _less than_ 30 square meters, but a large family of three generations lives in it句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1Fred
11、erick William ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。can never/cant have done不可能做过。1我以前也经常吃中餐，但从没有想到真正的中式宴席会那么丰盛。I had eaten Chinese food often, but I _couldnt have ima
12、gined_ how fabulous a real Chinese banquet could be2There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡。There is no doubt that是固定句式，意为“毫无疑问”。2(2019北京卷书面表达)毫无疑问，用自己的双手劳动而不是依靠别人是非常有意义的。_There is no doubt_ that it is very meaningful to work with our own hands r
13、ather than depend on others3In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可信，哪些证人不可信。“疑问词to do sth”，在句中作宾语。该结构也可以作主语或表语。3(课标全国卷)第一株植物的损坏通常更严重，但相对而言，邻居更安全，因为它们听到了警报，知道该怎么办。The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors,
14、relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew _what to do_4Nor do I think they should give it to any government我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何一个政府。“nor/neitherbe动词/助动词/情态动词主语”，表示前句中的否定情况也适用于另一人或物。4(北京阅读)对于机器来说，这个特性不是与生俱来的，它也不是人类引进的东西。For the machine, this quality is not in-born, _nor is it_
15、something introduced by humans核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1survive vt& vi幸免；幸存；生还；比活得长词汇拓展survivor n幸存者survival nU幸存；C残存物用法归纳survive sth幸免于；从中挺过来survive the war/an earthquake 从战争/地震中幸存survive sbby比某人活得长survive on 靠生存survive from 从存活下来；流传下来巧学助记Mastering some basic skills will greatly
16、increase your chances of survival Last week, thanks to the skills he and his tour pal succeeded in surviving the terrible floods and they were the only two survivors掌握一些基本技巧能够极大增加你的逃生概率。上周，多亏了他们掌握的技巧，他和他的驴友才成功地从那场可怕的洪水中幸存下来，他们是仅有的两个幸存者。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(牛津高阶)His only chance of _survival_(survive) was a
17、heart transportThe plane crashed in an area of dense jungle There were no _survivors_(survive)(2019浙江卷)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving entirely _on_ discarded (丢弃) food夯基单句改错。The drug can help people survive from heart attacks_去掉from_提能句式升级。(2020浙江卷写作)After she had survived tha
18、t night, she was confident that everything else would be all right_Having survived that night_，she was confident that everything else would be all right(分词作状语)2design n& vt设计；图案；构思；计划词汇拓展designer n 设计师；构思者用法归纳(1)design sthfor sb为某人设计be designed for sth/sb为而设计be designed to do sth目的在于，为了(2)by design(
19、on purpose) 故意地温馨提示表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：(1)故意地：by designon purposedeliberately(2)偶然地：by chanceby accidentaccidentally层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2019全国卷)“The most famous _designers_ (design) are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers，” she says(2019天津卷)Most colleges now offer first-year students a course
20、specially _designed_ (design) to help them succeed academically and personallyIts said that the early European playing cards were designed _for_ entertainment and educationDo you think the building was burnt down by accident or _by_ design?提能一句多译。设计这个项目本来是要帮助那些困难的学生，结果却和计划的不一样。This project _was desi
21、gned to help the students_ in need But it just didnt work out as plannedThis project _designed to help the students_ in need just didnt work out as planned(过去分词作定语)This project _that/which was designed to help the students_ in need just didnt work out as planned(定语从句)3remove vt去掉；开除；脱掉；移动；搬开vi迁居；搬家归
22、纳拓展remove from 把从搬走remove from to 从搬到remove sbfrom 把某人从职位免职remove ones doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼易混辨析remove着重于离开或脱离原来的位置、处所、职位、职业等，多是有意识地移动。remove作“搬家”讲时无被动语态move主要指改变位置或姿势。用于搬家时，move比remove常用巧学助记对比记忆remove与move层级训练夯基写出下列句中remove的含义。(天津卷)If a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheelto che
23、ck email, saythe cars maker is responsible if there is a crash_拿走_He removed his jacket when he arrived home_脱掉_He was severely criticized and removed from his post_撤职_The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty_消除_Congress could remove the President from office_把撤职；
24、免去_提能完成句子。(牛津高阶)Three children were _removed from_ the school for persistent bad behaviour三个孩子因一再行为不检被学校开除。She _removed her glasses_ and rubbed her eyes她摘下眼镜，揉了揉眼睛。The news _removed all doubts_ about the companys future这个消息消除了一切有关公司前景的疑虑。4worth adj 值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用adj古值钱的归纳拓展(1)be (well) worth doing
25、 (非常)值得被做be worthn 值得；值(2)worthy adj值得的；配得上的；可敬的be worthy(3)worthwhile adj值得花时间/金钱/精力的It is worthwhile doing/to do sth值得做某事。名师点津worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2018全国卷书面表达)It is worth _mentioning_ (mention) that our volleyball team won the championship twice in na
26、tional middle school volleyball matches(浙江卷写作)Its worthwhile _reading/to read_ (read) literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life夯基单句改错。I think Mount Tai is a true natural wonder and very worth a visit_verywell_Hes decided to get a look at the house and see if it
27、might be worth bought_boughtbuying_提能一句多译。(2018全国卷书面表达)我认为，Growing Together这部英文短片很值得观看。Personally speaking, the short English filmGrowing Together is well worth _watching_As far as Im concerned, the short English filmGrowing Together is well worthy _to be watched_In my opinion/view, the short Englis
28、h filmGrowing Together is well worthy _of being watched_From my point of view, it is well worthwhile _watching/to watch_ the short English filmGrowing Together5in search of 为了搜寻；寻找归纳拓展(1)in ones search for寻找(2)search sth/sb搜查某物/搜身search forlook for寻找searchfor为找到而搜查温馨提示“innof”结构：in memory of为了纪念in fa
29、vor of支持；赞同in honour of为了纪念；为向表示敬意in view of鉴于；由于in terms of谈及；就而言；在方面in case of以防；万一in need of需要in place of代替；取代层级训练夯基search for, in search of, search对比填空。Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain _in search of_ the trapped climberI _searched_ the room for the lost key, but in vainI almost felt cra
30、zy when I realized that my pen was missing I _searched_ the playground carefully and even the road leading to my home提能一句多译。每年许多受过良好教育的年轻人去海南岛找工作。Every year, many well-educated young people go to Hainan Island _in search of jobs_ (search n)Every year, many well-educated young people go to Hainan Isl
31、and _to search for jobs_(search v)6belong to 属于；为的一员归纳拓展(1)belong to表示“是的财产；是的组成部分；是的成员(属于)”，不用于被动语态和进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词，有类似用法的短语还包括：date back to/date from(追溯到), consist of(由组成)等。(2)belongings n财产；所有物；相关事物层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2019浙江卷)There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea First of all
32、, uniforms help the school look smart The students feel that they belong _to_ a particular groupHaving sold most of his _belongings_ (belong), he almost had nothing left in the houseHe walks in and out as if the house belonged to _him_ (he)In my opinion, youd better put the book _where_ it belongs提能
33、句型转换。A tiger is a large fierce animal which/that belongs to the cat familyA tiger is a large fierce animal _belonging to_ the cat family7in return 作为回报归纳拓展in return for 作为对的回报return for 以回报return like for like 以牙还牙in turn 逐次；反过来by turns轮流；交替温馨提示“inn”短语：in case以防；万一 in advance事先；提前in store即将发生 in dan
34、ger处于危险中in order井井有条 in place在正确位置in sight/view看得见 in reality/fact事实上in all总共 in short/brief简言之in vain徒劳地 in particular特别地层级训练夯基用return/turn的相关短语填空。He spends too much time on maths, and this in _turn_ affects the progress of his other subjectsIt is our responsibility to take care of our sick mother
35、_by turns_I wish I could do something _in return for_ the kindness I have received from him提能单句写作。(2017天津卷)We offer an excellent education to our students _In return，we expect students to work hard_我们给我们的学生提供优质的教育，作为回报，我们期待学生能努力学习。8There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsb
36、erg毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡。本句中的There is no doubt that 为一固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”，that引导同位语从句，说明doubt的具体内容。归纳拓展(1)There is some doubt whether有疑问sb has/have no doubt that毫无疑问(2)I dont/never doubt that我确信I doubt whether/if我怀疑名师点津当doubt用于肯定句时，从句用whether或if引导；当doubt用于否定句或疑问句时，从句用that引导。(3)类似的句型结构有：There isIt is no u
37、se/no good/no need doing sth做某事没有用处/好处/必要。It is no wonder that(No wonder that)难怪；怪不得层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(全国卷书面表达)There is no doubt _that_ ping-pong is regarded as the National Ball Sport of ChinaI dont doubt _that_ my father will come to watch my performance, but I doubt _whether/if_ he can come on timeThe
38、re is still some doubt _whether_ the autumn sports meet will be held in our school提能一句多译。(全国卷书面表达)毫无疑问，剪纸是中国的传统文化之一。_There is no doubt that_ paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures (doubt n)_I never doubt that_ paper-cutting is one of Chinese traditional cultures(doubt v)提能完成句子。_There i
39、s no point in painting the house_(油漆这所房子没有意义), as it is to be pulled down in three months time_There is no need for me to buy a new car_(我没必要买新车)；my old one is still in good condition9In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可信，哪些证人不可信。whic
40、h eyewitnesses to believe和which not to believe为“疑问词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。whether, what, which, whom, who，where, when, how等加不定式构成的结构在句中起名词作用，可以作主语、表语和宾语。归纳拓展“疑问句不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。(1)在“疑问句不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。(2)whether后可接不定式，而if不可。名师点津疑问代词(who，which除外)后面须跟及物动词；若是不及物动词，后面须跟相应的介词。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词；若接及物动词，动词
41、不定式须有自己的宾语。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。Seeing such a crowd of a audience below the stage, he was too nervous to know what _to say_ (say)I really dont know _whether_ to accept her invitation or not提能单句写作。(2018天津卷书面表达)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on _how to improve our robots_如果你能给我们一些关于如何改
42、进我们的机器人的建议，我会很感激的。_When and where to hold the meeting_ remains to be discussed further何时何地举行会议有待进一步讨论。They always told me _what to do and how to do it_他们总是告诉我该做什么以及怎么做。With the Teachers Day approaching, weve decided _which classrooms to decorate_随着教师节的临近，我们已经决定要装饰哪些教室了。高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU
43、NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1(全国卷语法填空)When fat and salt _are removed_(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据后文的tastes可知，用一般现在时态；由于主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，所以填一般现在时的被动语态are removed。2What do you think of the book?Oh, excellentIt is worth _reading_(read) a se
44、cond time解析：考查固定句型。句意：你认为这本书如何？喔，不错！值得再看一遍。be worth doing结构中doing主动形式与主语之间表示被动含义，即“值得做某事”。故填reading。3You may not understand what they have done, because they belong_to_ a younger generation解析：考查固定短语。句意：你们可能不理解他们所做的，因为他们属于年轻一代。belong to“属于”，没有进行时，也没有被动语态。故填to。4Do you need any help, Lucy?YesThe job is
45、 more _than_ I could do myself解析：考查固定短语。答句句意：是的，这项工作我自己做不了。more than“超出；胜过”。故填than。5Visitors are often very _amazed_(amaze) to hear about the _amazing_(amaze) love story in Lijiang解析：考查形容词词义。第一空用amazed(惊异的，惊奇的)来描述人(visitors)；第二空用amazing(令人吃惊的)来描述物(love story)。故填amazed；amazing。6(2020全国卷阅读)In another，
46、employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated _with_ houseplants解析：考查介词。句意：在另一项(研究)中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。be decorated with“用装饰”。故填with。7Some teenagers remain _seated_(seat) at the computer for hours every day, which made their parents worried解析：考查非谓语动
47、词。句意：有些青少年每天都在电脑旁坐上好几个小时，这让他们的父母很担心。动词seat意为“使某人就座”，此处表示坐着的状态，要用其过去分词形式seated。8(2018全国卷阅读表达)I was searching _for_ these three western lowland gorillas Id been observing解析：考查固定短语。句意：我在寻找这三只我观察过的西部低地大猩猩。search for“寻找”。故填for。9Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical, and this special chemical
48、, _in_ turn, affects our brains，making us feel happy解析：考查介词短语。句意：维生素D帮助我们的身体形成一种特殊的化学物质，并且这种化学物质反过来影响我们的大脑，使我们感到高兴。in turn“相应地，转而”。故填in。10(全国卷书面表达)There is no doubt _that_ you are supposed to know about the history of Tang Dynasty in advance解析：考查固定句型。There is no doubt that“毫无疑问”。故填that。11While stayi
49、ng in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything _in_ return解析：考查介词短语。句意：在村子里待的那段时间，詹姆斯无私地同村民分享他所拥有的一切，而不要任何东西作为回报。in return“作为回报”。故填in。12As John Lennon once said，life is_what_ happens to you while you are busy making other plans解析：考查表语从句的连接词
50、。句意：正如约翰列侬曾经说过的那样，当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离我们远去。_ happens to you while you are busy making other plans为一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用引导词what，表示“所的事物”。13We have launched another man-made satellite, _which_ is announced in todays newspaper解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们又发射了一颗人造卫星，这是今天的报纸发布的。逗号前的句子是主句，作了逗号后句子的主句，故逗号后句子是非限制性定语从句。用which来引导
51、，指代整个主句内容。14Rod loves taking_apart_ clocksHowever, he never manages to put them together again解析：考查固定短语。句意：罗德喜欢拆钟表，然而他从来不能把它们再组装起来。take apart“拆开，分开”。故填apart。15_What_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer解析：考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：使这本书与众不同的是作者的有创造性的想象力。分析结构可知，_makes the boo
52、k so extraordinary为主语从句，从句缺少主语，要用what引导。故填连接代词what。单句改错1Knowing that his wife survived from the crash, he was greatly relieved!_去掉from_2There is convincing evidence which outdoor activities are good for us_whichthat_3The leader was still remained active after the republic was founded_去掉第一个was_4The s
53、inger，whose future was considered hopeful，is rare seen in public nowadays_rarerarely_5The teacher was amazing to find that a lazy student had gained a mark of 100 in an important test_amazingamazed_6The wooden house belonging to mine is being decorated now_mineme_单句写作1他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。(worth)_His sugg
54、estion put forward at the conference is worthconsidering/consideration_2为了找到更多的证据，警察正在搜索这房子。 (search)_The police are searching the house for more evidence_3我们知道不可能是他付了这笔钱，因为他没钱。 (couldnt have done)_We knew he couldnt have paid for it，because he had no money_4毫无疑问，我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难。(doubt n)_There is n
55、o doubt that I have little difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners_5决定去哪里度假后，我们就忙于准备工作。(特殊疑问词不定式)_Having decided where to go on holiday，we are busy preparing_语篇填空The Amber Room belonged to one of the _1wonders_ (wonder) of the world Originally _2designed_ (design) for the palace of Frederick I
56、 , it took the countrys best artists about ten years to finish it Everyone thought _3highly_ (high) of its style and design, Several tons of amber as well as gold and jewels _4were used_ (use) to make it, so no wonder it was worth a lot of money But later, the next king decided to give it as a gift
57、to the Russian Emperor, who gave Prussia a troop of their best soldiers _5in_return _6Unfortunately_ (fortunate), during the Second World War, the Nazi Germany was also at war with Russia In 1941, Germany invaded (入侵) Russia by surprise, and the Russians had no time _7to remove_ (remove) anything fr
58、om the Amber Room except some small objects When the Nazis saw the Amber Room, there was no doubt _8that_ they liked it so much that they took it apart and put it on a train to Germany Since then, the whole world _9has been_ (be) in search of the Amber Room No one knows what happened to it and _10wh
59、ether/if_ it still survives now Maybe it will remain a mystery forever话题写作用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文某中学生英文报以“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。你阅读了上述文章后，准备给该报投稿，稿件内容包括： 保护中国传统文化的重要性；谈谈你对文化保护的建议。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)很显然，中国曾经有很多传统文化，只有少数流传至今。_It is evident that_ there existed many traditional Chinese cultures，but few of
60、 them _have survived into the present_中国在竭尽全力保护传统文化，这受到了高度评价。(定语从句)China is sparing no efforts to protect traditional culture，_which is highly thought of _毫无疑问，保护传统文化对中国文化的多样性至关重要。_There is no doubt that_ the protection of traditional culture is _of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity_值
61、得采取一些措施有效地保护传统文化。_Some measures are worth taking/It is worthwhile taking/to take some measures to protect traditional cultures efficiently_我们应该提高人们有关保护传统文化重要性的意识。_We should raise peoples awareness of the importance of culture protection_珍惜并发展我们宝贵的文化是有意义的。_It is rewarding to treasure and develop our
62、valuable culture_升级平淡句利用非限制性定语从句升级句_It is evident that there existed many traditional Chinese cultures，few of which have survived into the present_衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：in ones opinion，as a result，in addition，in conclusion等)_It is evident that there existed many traditional Chinese cultures，few of wh
63、ich have survived into the present As a result，China is sparing no efforts to protect traditional culture, which is highly thought of There is no doubt that the protection of traditional culture is of great significance to Chinese cultural diversity In my opinion, some measures are worth taking/it is worthwhile taking/to take some measures to protect traditional cultures efficiently In addition, we should raise peoples awareness of the importance of culture protection In conclusion, it is rewarding to treasure and develop our valuable culture_
