1、2021菏泽二模考试2021.4第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEducation Outside the ClassroomThe Lawrenceville School provides students with experientially based programmes that educate them in responsible leadership, community engagement, and character development th
2、at enhance both academic and non-academic skills. Community ServiceThe Schools Community Service Programme encourages all Lawrentians to connect with the greater community, giving them the opportunity to engage with a variety of people outside the students immediate world. Model UNStudents will lear
3、n the inner-working of the United Nations by participating in this programme. During the first semester, students meet and discuss important world events. During the second semester, students prepare to participate in the Model UN Conferences. Investment ProgrammeThe programme gives students hands-o
4、n experience in the financial world. Students learn the basics of investing, watch trends in the market, and research stocks. Due to a generous donation, the group has $ 5,000 of real money to invest. Gams will be invested back into the programme. Fine Arts & LiteratureMembers meet weekly to enjoy a
5、 community of individuals who appreciate the fine arts and literature. In the spring, the programme publishes a collection of artworkphotography, drawings, paintings, essays, short stories and poetry. Additionally, the programme hosts book discussions and film screenings throughout the year. 1. What
6、s the shared goal of all the programmes?A. To improve academic skills.B. To experience community life.C. To develop overall competence.D. To encourage social involvement.2. Which programme should you choose to develop global leadership?A. Model UN.B. Community Service.C. Fine Arts Literature.D. Inve
7、stment Programme.3. What can be expected of the Investment programme?A. It makes a profit for those participants.B. It offers advanced marketing knowledge.C. It lays a foundation for financial management.D. It gives access to successful businessmen.BSam Mehr, a psychologist at Harvard started workin
8、g on the project after he kept reading an overfamiliar line at the top of research papers that said, “music is universal.” But every time he came across the statement, there wasnt a citation to back it up.To see if there was any proof to this claim, he and his fellow researchers created two database
9、s： one with descriptions from the researchers of what happened when music from the 1960s was playing, and another of 118 audio recordings from 86 different societies.He found that there were three characteristics of behavior that consistently characterized music: formality, arousal (or how calming o
10、r exciting a song was), and religiosityreligious respect.People did a decent job guessing the themes, especially for dance songs and nursery rhymes, says Manvir Singh, a Harvard Ph. D. student in the department of human evolutionary biology.“Music appears in this huge diversity of behavioral, social
11、, emotional context in human societies,” Singh says, “but it does so similarly across societies. ”“The musical brain may have led to things that we take for granted in human nature, like compassion and empathy(同情与共情）,because music uniquely can help us achieve those states,” Daniel Levitin, a cogniti
12、ve scientist whos done similar research on music and evolution, explains, “Not to mention awe, appreciation, and gratitude. ”For Mehr and his team, the hunt for data is just the beginning. The lab is running more detailed quizzes to dig into how people respond to what they hear. They also hope to do
13、 studies on different populations like babies to see how they react to tunes like nursery rhymes from faraway societies.Singh says he also hopes to analyze lyrics and the way they shape peoples feelings and actions, even if its in a language they dont understand. Exploring the lyrics allows us to be
14、tter understand how music can bring these emotional or behavioral responses,” says Singh, “but also, in a broader way, the world view of the people who are singing.”4. Whats the main idea of the text?A. Music shapes peoples world views.B. Music is universal across societies.C. Music behaviors are di
15、fferent in cultures.D. The scientists have different opinions on music.5. Which music behavioral characteristic will appear when rock music is playing?A. Gratitude.B. Formality.C. Religiosity.D. Arousal.6. What does Daniel Levitin think of music? A. It plays a role in emotion. B. It cant lead to app
16、reciation.C. It can help us achieve goals.D. It is a talent we are born with.7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. More quizzes will be conducted. B. Different populations will be studied.C. The hunt for data has already been finished.D. Further data wait to be sought.CIf you watc
17、h nature documentaries, its easy to come away with the impression that grand tropical(热带的) forests have been largely undisturbed until modern times. However，in the last two decades，scientific data have shown that，actually, human societies have occupied and changed these environments over many millio
18、n years.Patrick Roberts，from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History，says some of the trees alive in tropical forests are up to a thousand years old. And theyre sort of like time capsules，storing a record of past human activity in their tree rings, chemistry and DNA. So he wanted t
19、o see how different existing methods might come together to explore past tree populations, tree growth，tree ages by looking at the largest witnesses of the changes in human activity in the tropicsthe trees themselves.For example，native peoples of the Amazon basin planted Brazil nuts for thousands of
20、 years. Roberts colleague Victor Caetano-Andrade analyzed tree rings to determine the age and growth rates of Brazil nut trees near the city of Manaus. He found that many trees were established in the late 1600s，but there was a steep drop-off in new trees around the middle of the 18th century.As col
21、onial(殖民的）communities came into Manaus and developed the city，they drove the natives out, often killing them. And what Victor found is that，actually，their growth slowed after this period without these traditional management strategies.Another example is how communities selected for genetic features
22、in a variety of tropical trees，such as the cocoa tree-used, of course，to make chocolate. A more detailed full genome analysis of this plant has shown that humans may have even selected genes that reduced bitterness and improved its resistance to disease for their own economic benefit.Roberts says re
23、cognizing tropical trees as time capsules of cultural heritage gives us yet another reason to protect them. “Not just because of their ecological benefits，which are hugely significant, but also the information that they store about human history，about our past. ”8. What does the underlined phrase “t
24、ime capsules” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Old trees.B. Human history.C. Human activities.D. Cultural heritage.9. What caused the great decrease of nut trees in the mid-18th century?A. Natural disasters.B. Colonial invasions.C. Ecological benefits. D. Natural selection.10. How is the text organized? A
25、. By providing examples.B. By making a summary. C. By drawing comparisions.D. By producing a classification.11. What do we know from the text?A. Tropical forests need traditional management.B. Tropical forests have witnessed human history.C. Tropical forests have been protected for economic benefits
26、,D. Tropical forests have been undisturbed until modern times.DLast year，a team of biologists and computer scientists from Tufts University and the University of Vermont (UVM) created novel，self-healing(自愈的）biological machines called Xenobots 1.0. Measuring less than 1mm long and made up of 5001,000
27、 living cells, it could move around, and demonstrate cooperative group activities while collecting piles of micro particles.The research team has now created a new generationXenobots 2.0, which move faster，and have a longer life than the first edition，and they still have the ability to work together
28、 in groups and heal themselves if damaged.The biologists took stem cells from embryos(胚胎）of the African frog Xenopus (hence the name Xenobots) and allowed them to develop independently and grow into small balls，where some of the cells after a few days began to produce cilia，tiny hair-like things sti
29、cking out that move back and forth or turn around in a specific way, which gives the new round robots “legs” to move them rapidly across a surface.“We want Xenobots 2. 0 to do useful work. Right now，were giving them simple tasks such as garbage collection in the blood，but ultimately，were aiming for
30、a new kind of living tool that could, for example，clean up microplasties in the ocean or pollutants in the soil. ” said Michael Levin, a famous professor of Biology from Tufts University.It turns out, the new Xenobots 2. 0 are much faster and better than last years model. They can record information
31、 to adjust the robots actions and behaviors, and they can also repair and restore themselves if they become damaged. Healing is a natural feature of living organisms，and it is a new model system that can provide a foundation for regenerative medicine.12. Which advantage does the Xenobots 2. 0 have o
32、ver the first edition?A. It changes faster.B. It performs better.C. It becomes longer.D. It evolves more slowly.13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The definition of Xenobots 2. 0.B. The function of Xenobots 2. 0.C. The movement of Xenobots 2. 0.D. The development of Xenobots 2. 0.14. What can X
33、enobots 2. 0 do at present?A. Break down nutrients.B. Sweep out pollutants in the soil.C. Collect garbage in the blood.D. Clean up the microplastics in the ocean.15. On what basis will Xenobots 2. 0 contribute to regenerative medicine? A. Recording.B. Healing.C. Memorizing. D. Moving第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5
34、分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Procrastination(延迟症）is the act of delaying a task. So，whether you refer to it as a lack of self-control or something else, it is the force that prevents you from following through on what you set out to do. 16 . Here are some tips we can employ t
35、o stop procrastinating.Make the rewards of taking action more immediate. One strategy, known as temptation bundling(诱惑绑定）， which suggests you bundle a behavior that is good for you in the long-run with a behavior that feels good in the short-run The basic format is： Only do things you love while doi
36、ng things you procrastinate on. 17 It becomes easier to avoid procrastination。Make the consequences of procrastination more immediate. 18 For example, if you are exercising alone， skipping your workout next week wont affect your life much at all. However, if you commit to working out with a friend a
37、t 7 a.m. next Monday，then the cost of skipping your workout becomes more immediate, which makes you feel ashamed.19 . Planning actions ahead of time can help to stop procrastination. You can stop wasting time on your phone by deleting games or social media apps. You can build an emergency fund by se
38、tting up an automatic transfer of funds to your savings account.Make the task more achievable. A great way to make tasks more achievable is to get started at once. For example, getting off the couch can be tough，but once actually you start running, it is much easier to finish your workout. 20 .A.We
39、have been struggling with it. B. Make designing your future actions more immediate.C. Listen to your favorite songs while exercising.D. We like instant satisfaction，not long-term payoff.E. Enjoy feelings of satisfaction and accomplishment.F. Getting started is just as important as succeeding.G. Pay
40、the costs of procrastination sooner rather than later.第二部分 语言运用(共两节 30分)第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Dick and Rick Hoyt began their extraordinary father-son racing team more than four decades ago，when Rick, then，a high school student in a wheelchair， 21 his father to
41、 push him in a 5-mile run，benefiting a classmate who had been paralyzed (瘫痪）in an accident.Mr. Hoyt was nearing 40 and， 22 ，was no longer the athlete he had been in his youth. But he 23 to race with son，having no sign of the thousands of miles they would 24 together, letting alone the national 25 th
42、ey would gather along the way.Born with a 26 cerebral palsy(脑瘫），Rick was unable to move his arms or legs. Even he could not 27 .But he could 28 with the aid of a computer that enabled him to tap out words with his head. After that first race，Rick declared to his father that when they were running，it
43、 felt as though his 29 disappeared Over the next 40 years, Rick and Dick would 30 in more than 1,000 races around the country, including 72 marathons. Team Hoyt, as the father-son partners were called，drove an active shift in the 31 of people with disabilities，one whose 32 reached far beyond their c
44、ommunity.“Team Hoyt 33 what it means to be an athlete, fully showing 34 ，passion, and love,” the Athletic Association said in the 35 . “The pairs bond and presence has become synonymous(同义的)with the Marathon.”21. A. forcedB. askedC. promisedD. followed22. A. anyhowB. whateverC. howeverD. otherwise23
45、. A. refusedB. agreedC. allowedD. planned24. A. pushB. walkC. cycleD. cover25. A. discussionB. curiosityC. attentionD. theme26. A. slightB. mildC. fierceD. severe27. A. readB. speakC. lookD. listen28. A. communicateB. cooperateC. interviewD. learn29. A. fearB. honorC. disabilityD. embarrassment30. A
46、. travelB. wanderC. relaxD. compete31. A. treatmentB. desireC. concernD. need32. A. actionsB. influencesC. wordsD. thoughts33. A. spreadsBt advertisesC. reflectsD. announces34. A. eleganceB. strengthC. achievementD. determination35. A. statementB. instructionC. negotiationD. appointment第二节（共10小题;每小题
47、1. 5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chen Wei, a Chinese militarys top biomedical expert，received the honorary title “Peoples Hero” 36 her contribution to COVID-19-related basic research and vaccine(疫苗）development.One quality of Major General Chen Weis that people have praised is the 37 (spee
48、d) way she does things. She walks，talks and eats very fast so that she can use the time 38 (save) to battle the evils of public health. For nearly three decades, the 54-year-old scientist has been at the front line fighting some of the worlds most dangerous viruses， 39 (include) Ebola，SARSMERS.After
49、 graduation from Tsinghua University，Chen 40 (enter) the Academy of Military Medical Sciences. Chen said she still remembered 41 sad she felt when the first experiment failed. “The incident taught me to be of great 42 (cautious)，especially when working against the clock, and the scientific research
50、can be 43 very lonely and difficult task，and you need a great deal of passion to push through that challenge, ” With a strong sense of responsibility, No choice but success,” Chen Wei and her team have been working day and night， 44 will pay off soon. Now the vaccines clinical trials are going 45 (s
51、mooth) for mass- production, and current evidence suggests an annual production of 300 million doses should be achievable. 第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以最难忘的一次传统节日为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1. 你的经历；2. 你的感悟。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。An Unforgettable Traditional Festival_第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根
52、据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Barditch High School decided to have an All-School Reunion, which offered former students a chance to reconnect with old friends，remember the fine times they had at school and celebrate with people they might not have seen for years. Over 450 people came to the event，and
53、 all the people there were full of excitement. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hand to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for over fifty years, was wheeled to the parkSome eyes rolled and
54、 there were a few low groans(嘟嚷声）when Ms. Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teach
55、ers.Then Ms. Yates started to speak: “I cant tell you how pleased I am to be here. I havent seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. Alth
56、ough I havent appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the births of your children, in my imagination ”Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued: “It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could some of you would succeed to please m
57、e and others would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives，I can see that you have all been successful in your chosen path.”There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride me and I want
58、you to know I love you a11 from the bottom of my heart”, she added.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Meanwhile，she took out her collections from the bag with trembling hands.There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds.2021届高三联考英语试题参考答案及评分标准第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50 分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)15CA
59、CBD 610 ADABA 1115 BBDCB第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)1620ACGBF第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题l分，满分15分)2125 BABDC 2630 DBACD 3135ABCDA第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.for 37.speedy 38,saved 39. including 40.entered 41.how 42.caution 43.a 44. which 45.smoothly第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节（满分15分)【参考范文】An Unforgettable
60、Traditional FestivalWhat strikes me most is an experience of last years Dragon Boat Festival in memory of Qu Yuan, a great patriot and poet in ancient China. That morning, I watched a dragon boating race, then visited Qu Yuan temple where I learned about his life and the history of Chu kingdom. I wa
61、s deply touched for his ambition and love for country. Later, I joined in a red song chorus with locals to celebrate our country. Now I cant help thinking if Qu Yuan were still alive, how proud he would feel for our prosperous country.第二节(满分25分)【参考范文】Para 1:Meanehile, she took out her collections fr
62、om the bag eith trembling hands.Obviously, they were kept well although faded a lot.The students were astonished to see what was being shown. Holding them high, the old teacher told her dear students that they were the gifts she prepared for them after retirement. At that time, one gentleman with de
63、cent clothes came up to the teacher, made a bow and received the photos, handing them out to those around. Looking at the photos, almost everyone present was lost in thought, sitting up as if they were in class many years ago.Para 2:There was a silence over the croud for a few seconds. Everyone were
64、 cherishing the happy time they had together. Sudenly a thrilled voice came from somewhere, “Ms. Yates, if you hadnt pushed us so hard, we would not be what we are today. Thank you from the bottom of my heart.” Then someone started clapping, which turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar. Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from the long forgotten English teacher.
