1、阅读“Extended reading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1Why do humans continue to explore space?ABecause we need more space to exist.BBecause it is in our nature to explore.CBecause it can enhance the quality of our life.DBecause Stephen Hawking inspired us to explore.2Which is NOT the benefit of investment of space explor
2、ation?ATo provide inspiration for the next generation.BTo bring great economic value.CTo provide more jobs.DTo receive more media coverage.答案12BDWords and Phrasesfoundation n基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会(教材P21)how it laid the foundation for future exploration它如何为未来的勘探奠定基础例Respect and friendship provide a solid fo
3、undation for marriage.尊重和友爱是婚姻的牢固基础。知识拓展(1)lay the foundation for为打下基础lay the foundation of. 奠定的基础(2)found vt. 建立；创办即学即练单句语法填空What we are learning at school will lay the foundation for the future.The criticisms are founded(found) on facts as well as on the convincing evidence.frequency n发生率，出现率；频繁；频
4、率(教材P26)Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.最初应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器也已安装在地震频发的城市里，以便保护建筑和挽救生命。例Objects like this turn up at sales with surprising frequency.这样的东西在拍
5、卖会上出人意料地频繁出现。知识拓展frequent adj.时常发生的；频繁的；常见的frequently adv. 频繁地；习惯地；经常地即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He goes to the market to buy vegetables frequently(frequent)His frequent hesitations(他时常犹豫不决) annoyed the audience.motive n原因，动机，目的(教材P26)This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.这应该是继续探索太空的强烈动
6、机。例There seemed to be no motive for the murder.这起谋杀案看不出有什么动机。知识拓展(1)motivate vt.激发；鼓励motivate sb.to do sth. 激发某人做某事(2)motivation n. 动机；动力(3)motivator n. 激发因素即学即练单句语法填空The plan is designed to motivate employees to work(work) more efficiently.The motivations(motivation)are only one class of determinat
7、ions of behavior.assistant n助理；售货员；助教adj.副的(教材P26)There are many support staff on the ground，such as engineers，mechanics and research assistants.现场有许多辅助角色，如工程师、机械师和研究助理。例My job is somewhere between a secretary and a personal assistant.我的工作介于秘书和私人助理之间。知识拓展(1)assist vt.& vi.援助；帮助；协助assist sb.with sth.
8、assist sb.to do sth.assist sb.in (doing) sth. 帮助某人(做)某事(2)assistance n. 援助；帮助 come to sb.s assistance 帮助某人即学即练单句语法填空A good dictionary will assist you to understand(understand) English.He did much to assist his classmate in preparing(prepare) the speech.The company provides advice and assistance(assi
9、st) in finding work.shelter n居所，住处；庇护vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避(教材P27)We should find permanent shelter that offers longterm protection from radiation.我们应该找到永久的庇护所，提供长期的辐射防护。例The fox was running for the shelter of the trees.狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。知识拓展(1)seek/take shelter from.躲避give sb.shelter 庇护某人(2)shelter sb./sth.from
10、 庇护某人/某物免受即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The old temple sheltered the tramps from bad weather.People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire(找地方躲避炮火)Sentence PatternsIt is/was.that强调句(教材P2526)It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun.正是
11、通过我们对太空的研究，我们确认了地球是圆的，而且它绕太阳运转。句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调状语through our research into space。例It was in May that you can see this kind of flower.你在五月可以看到这种花。知识拓展(1) 强调结构的陈述句式为“It is/was被强调部分 that (who).”。该结构可用于强调主语、宾语、状语等，但不能强调谓语动词。该句式中用that或who的区别是：当被强调的指人时，用that或who均可；当被强调的不是指人时，则只能用that(注意不用which)。(2)一般疑问句的强
12、调结构就是将be提到句首，即“Is/Was it 被强调部分 that/who.”。特殊疑问句的强调结构句型为“疑问词(Who/What/When/Where/Why/How)is/was it that.”。即学即练单句语法填空It was I who/that saw Tom in the park this morning.It is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.make复合结构(教材P26)With technologies first researched and developed for spa
13、ce exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.随着空间探索技术的首次研究和发展，我们可以解决人类面临的一些大问题，使我们的生活更加安全和容易。句式分析：本句中making our lives safer and easier是“make宾语宾补”结构；本句用形容词比较级作宾补。例1The news made him very happy.这消息使得他非常高兴。例2Internet makes our life easy and conve
14、nient.因特网使我们的生活更加轻松方便。知识拓展在“make宾语宾补”结构中除了形容词可以作宾语补足语外，不定式、过去分词、介词短语、名词或名词短语都可以作宾语补足语。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He tries to make his ideas known(know)Though he had often made his little sister cry，today he was made to cry(cry) by his little sister.Our teacher often makes us do some extra homework(让我们做一些额外作业)Th
15、e good news he told us made us very happy(使我们很高兴)语意转换类语意转换类阅读理解属于细节理解类的范畴，那么我们如何做语意转换类题目呢？例文To figure out how quicky trees were growing，researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014.A trees diameter increases as it grows，just as a persons waist size increases
16、as they gain weight.The research has shown about half the weight of a tree is carbon，while most of the rest is water.Over the nine years tracking，the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon dioxide from the air as forest trees.However，they were twice as likely to die.So over
17、the lifetime of each type of tree，forest trees actually absorbed more carbon dioxide.How do city trees differ from forest trees of the same type over the lifetime in the research?AThey could live twice longer than forest trees.BThey took in less carbon dioxide than forest trees.CThey could absorb mo
18、re carbon dioxide than forest trees.DThey weighted heavier than forest trees.技巧点拨语意转换类题目，需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者存在表述上的差异。解答这类题目时可带着问题，有针对性地扫读全文，迅速锁定相关语句，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。B根据“However，they were twice as likely to die.So over the lifetime of each type of tree，forest trees actually absorbed more carb
19、on dioxide.”可知，生长在森林中的树一生所吸收的二氧化碳量比生长在城市中的树多。故生长在城市里的树一生的二氧化碳吸收量比森林中的树少。故选B。即学即练请快速把握下面的语意转换题The boss bought an employee a new car.On the night before Alabamas student Walter Carrs first day at Bellhops Moving company，his car broke down.Nobody could give him a ride to work，so Carr decided to walk th
20、e 20mile distance overnight.After seven hours，he arrived right on time.When the boss heard about Carrs unbelievable story，he drove from Tennessee to Alabama to give the young student a Ford Escape.Why did the boss buy a new car to Walter Carr?ATo make up his long walk.BTo praise his moving action.CTo solve his financial problem.DTo call on others to learn from him.答案B
