1、课时提能练(二十五)必修5Module 1British and American EnglishA：知识层面.语境语法填空()用所给词的适当形式填空There is some 1confusion (confuse) among English learners about why a 2.variety (vary) of Englishes exist.English has been changing with society developing 3.steadily (steady)People in different countries speak English a bit
2、differently.In 4.addition (add), the increase in international communication has led to some changes of the English language.Now many young people, when chatting online, 5.simplify (simple) the spelling of some words and no formal 6announcement (announce) has been made to prohibit that.In fact, it m
3、akes no 7difference (differ) whatever kind of English you speak because native speakers can understand you without any 8.reference (refer) to books or dictionaries.()填入一个单词Xiao Ming and Xiao Hua are twin brothers, who are similar 1to each other in appearance but have little 2.in common in character.
4、Xiao Ming is outgoing and thanks 3.to his wide range of interests he is often referred to 4.as an excellent speaker.Xiao Hua, a shy boy, likes reading extensively.He also picks 5.up knowledge and broadens his horizon by frequently getting 6aroundObviously, both brothers are outstanding.语境短文改错(共有5处错误
5、)Recently we have a discussion about which English makes more difference to us.Some students think British English has a more influence comparing with American English because it is the “original” variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.However, others are in favour o
6、f American English.They hold the view that more English language films are American, that has led to more and more people across the world used American English.In my opinion, whichever English we use, we have no difficulties understanding each other, because they have a lot in common.答案Recently we
7、have a discussion about which English makes more difference to us.Some students think British English has a more influence with American English because it is the “original” variety of English and the BBC and many international newspapers use it.However, others are in favour of American English.They
8、 hold the view that more English language films are American， has led to more and more people across the world American English.In my opinion, whichever English we use, we have no understanding each other，because they have a lot in common.根据提示补全句子1微信使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。(make itadj.for sb.to do sth.)WeCha
9、t makes it easier for people to keep in touch with others.2我们转过身来时发现小女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。(find宾语宾补)We turned around and found the little girl struggling in the lake, crying for help.3她强烈反对这项计划，而她的丈夫却表示支持。(while)She is strongly against the plan while her husband is in favor of it4由于你的到来，我想我们按时完成这项任务没有困难了。(h
10、ave difficulty in doing sth.)Because of your coming, I think we will have no difficulty in finishing the task on time5虽然他们来自不同的国家，但是他们有许多共同之处。(have .in common)Although they are from different countries, they have a lot in common with each otherB：能力层面.阅读理解(2020福州市毕业班适应性测试)While many of us may have be
11、en away somewhere nice last summer，few would say that weve “summered”“Summer” is clearly a noun，more precisely，a verbed noun.Way back in our childhood，we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb.With such a clear definition，it was easy to spot the difference.Not so in adulthood，where we
12、are expected to “foot” the bill，“chair” committees，and “dialogue” with political opponents.Chances are you didnt feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language，” says Patricia OConner，a former editor at The New York Times Book Review.
13、Experts estimated that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns.And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing.Since 1900，about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.Even though the conversion (转化) is quite universal，plenty of grammarians object to the practice.William Strunk Jr.
14、and EB.White，in The Elements of Stylean authoritative(权威性的) book for the use of American Englishhave this to say，“Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs.Not all are bad，but all are suspect.”The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint，advising writers to use verbs with g
15、reat care.“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them，” says OConner.Thats why were comfortable “hosting” a party，but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports.So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer，copy chief at Random House，do
16、esnt offer a rule，but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if its easily replaced by an already existing popular verb.Make sure its descriptive but not sillysounding，he says.In the end，however，style is subjective.The easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English gr
17、ammar for centuries；it is one of the processes that make English “English”Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use，but as for trying to end verbing altogether，forget it.【语篇解读】在英语中把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但是很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且有时这样做也可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。1What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?AIt has
18、nt recently been opposed by many grammarians.BIt is more commonly accepted by children than adults.CIt hasnt been a rare phenomenon since last century.DIt is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice.C细节理解题。根据第三段尾句“Since 1900，about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns”可知，自1900年以来，大约4
19、0%的新动词来自名词。据此可知，自上个世纪以来，名词的动词化就成了常见的现象，故C项正确。2What is most leading experts attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?ACautious.BSatisfied.CDisappointed.DUnconcerned.A推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs.Not all are bad，but all are suspect”可知，针对名词的动
20、词化，两位权威的语法学家认为并非所有这种做法都是不好的，但所有都是不可靠的。据此可推知，权威专家对把名词动词化的做法持谨慎的态度，故A项正确。3What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?APredictable.BPracticable.CApproaching.DImpossible.D推理判断题。根据尾段尾句“Not every coinage(新创的词语)passes into general use，but as for trying to end verbing altogether，forget it”可知，
21、不是每个新创的词语都会普遍使用，但是至于试图结束名词的动词化，那就算了吧。据此可推知，作者认为结束名词的动词化是不可能的，故D项正确。A项意为“可预见的”，B项意为“可行的，行得通的”，都与文意不符。4What is the best title for the text?AAre 40 Percent of All New Verbs from Nouns?BAre Summering and Medaling Annoying?CAre You Comfortable About a New Verb?DAre There Any Rules for Verbing?B标题判断题。通读全文
22、可知，文章首段以summer一词为例引出主题：名词的动词化；接着文章表述把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但有很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且这样做有时可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。故B项最适合作本文标题。.完形填空(2020郑州市高中毕业年级第一次质量预测)Five years ago，I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship.My medical friends did their best to persuade me，saying that running away to sea would 1 my car
23、eer.But after these years working as a junior doctor，I was willing to take the risk. 2 for adventure，I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2，000 passengers and crew.To my 3 ，the hospital was well equipped，with an Xray machine and a blood analyser.That first voyage was a learning experience，a 4 schedule
24、 full of safety drills.There was so much new information to 5 Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a 6 Most confused，I often forgot to 7 my clock when the ship crossed time zones.As a doctor，I was 8 for the 600 crew，and I was on call for the entire ship.Far from 9 seasickness and sunb
25、urn，I had to deal with other diseases，for I have different kinds of patients.The ships medical center was 10 a floating emergency room，and we didnt have a team of specialists on hand for a second 11 With long and unpredictable hours，it required mental 12 As you can guess，many of the passengers were
26、elderly.Heart attacks dont 13 geography and emergency evacuations(疏散)were difficult to arrange.I could remember one such patient，who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal.After a 14 ride in an old ambulance，I was relieved that the patient 15 long enough to arrive at the hospital in
27、 Panama City. 16 ，there were several unexpected benefits of the job.I regularly 17 the passenger facilities (设施)On rare days off ，I 18 as a tour guide on trips ashore.I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.Now，I understand being a ship doctor is not a job its a
28、way of 19 One year at sea became two.I lost my career ambitions， 20 I redefined happiness in my life.【语篇解读】五年前，作者辞去了原有的工作去船上当医生。在此过程中，作者遭遇了很多挑战，但这份工作也有一些出乎意料的好处；作者失去了职业目标，但重新定义了自己生活中的幸福。1AblockBbuildCruinDimproveC根据语境和前一句中的“took a career”可推知，作者医学界的朋友尽力劝作者不要辞职去船上当医生，他们说这会毁了作者的职业生涯。2AHungryBSkilful CS
29、uitableDConcernedA根据第一段表述的作者的朋友劝作者不要辞职而作者却坚持这样做并结合语境可知，作者渴求冒险。3AshockBdisappointmentCexcitementDreliefD根据该句中的“the hospital was well equipped”与上文中的“risk”形成对比可推知，作者上船后发现医院设备精良，并不像自己之前所设想的那么糟糕，因此感到庆幸。to ones relief表示“令某人庆幸的是”。4AdailyBtightCstrictDflexibleB根据该句中的“full of safety drills”可推知，第一次海上航行日程安排得满，
30、有很多安全演练。tight“(时间)紧的”。5Atake inBfigure outCsearch forDpick overA根据上文中的“That first voyage was a learning experience”可推知，第一次海上航行是一次学习的经历，作者有许多新的信息需要吸收。take sth.in“理解，记住，领会”；pick sth.over“筛选”。6AlivingBriskCchallengeDchoiceC根据前一句可知，作者有很多新的信息需要吸收，并结合语境可推知，记得每天穿哪套制服对作者来讲也是一个挑战。7AwatchBrepairCcheckDsetD根据空
31、后的“my clock”和“crossed time zones”并结合常识可推知，作者在船跨过时区时经常忘记调整好时钟。set“调整好”。8ApowerfulBresponsibleChopefulDhelpfulB根据该句中的“I was on call for the entire ship”可推知，作为一名医生，作者要对船上的600名工作人员负责，对整个船上的人来说，作者要随叫随到。be responsible for “对负责”。9AtreatingBsufferingCescapingDstoppingA根据该句中的“I had to deal with other disease
32、s”可知，作者不仅仅要治疗晕船和晒伤，还要应对其他疾病。far from doing sth.“远非”。10AexactlyBparticularlyCcertainlyDactuallyD根据语境可知，作者觉得这个医疗中心实际上就是一个漂浮的急诊室，他们并没有一个专家团队可随时用来征询其他的意见。exactly“精确地，确切地”。11AexaminationBconsiderationCopinionDdiscussionC参见上题解析。12AcomfortBcommunicationCtoughnessDpressureC根据该句中的“with long and unpredictable
33、 hours”可推知，在精神上也需要很坚强。故选C项。13Acare aboutBrefer toCbother withDrely onA根据语境并结合常识可知，心脏病发作不分地点，在船上安排紧急疏散很困难。care about“关注，在意”符合语境。bother with sth.“花费时间精力做某事”。14ArelaxingBboringCpromisingDterrifyingD根据该句中的“in an old ambulance”和“I was relieved”可推知，当时在陈旧的救护车上经历了一段可怕的行程。terrifying“极其可怕的”符合语境。promising“有希望的
34、，有前途的”。15AsurvivedBstruggledCawokeDstuckA根据该句中的“I was relieved”可推知，那位病人最终活着到了医院，作者也松了一口气。16ASteadilyBThankfullyCImportantlyDGenerallyB根据该句中的“there were several unexpected benefits of the job”并结合上文所讲的作者在从事这项工作的过程中遇到的一些挑战可推知，此处表示“幸亏，这项工作有一些意想不到的好处”。17AcleanedBfixedCenjoyedDprotectedC结合上文中的“unexpected
35、benefits”可推知，此处表示作者经常享受乘客设施。18AreturnedBtravelledCperformedDvolunteeredD根据该句中的“On rare days off”和“as a tour guide”以及作者的医生身份可推知，作者在休息日自愿当导游。19AconfidenceBlifeCexperienceDsuccessB根据下文中的“I redefined happiness in my life”并结合作者在船上的工作经历和休息日的活动可推知，在船上当医生不仅仅是一个职业，而且也是一种生活方式。20AthoughBunlessCbutDorC该句中的“I lost my career ambitions”和“I redefined happiness in my life”构成逻辑上的转折关系，故选C。
