1、课时分层作业(十)Section (建议用时：30分钟)高考题型练习提能力阅读理解AMother Nature is a cruel mistressWhy? Read on to find the answerVeniceThis iconic city is sinking rapidlyThe canals that make up the streets of Venice rise 2mm every year，making relics of history go under the surface of water and destroying architectureExper
2、ts warn that without intervention (干预)，this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate，consumed by rising sea level from melting polar ice capsMachu PicchuThese Incan ruins have drawn adventurous tourists into the mountains of South AmericaThe forces of natural erosion have been
3、accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot trafficThe Peruvian government recently suggested a cable car that would cut out the intense hike up to the ruins，making the site instantly accessible to millions，but the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertainGlac
4、ier National ParkPerhaps youve heard that the ice caps are meltingBut nowhere is more apparent in the United States than in Glacier National ParkEstimates indicate that the glaciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decadesThe Great Barrier
5、 ReefHidden from view beneath the waves，the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying offNearly fifty percent of coral which once occupied a large area is gone，destroyed by pollution and disease【语篇解读】本文是应用文，文章主要介绍了世界上濒临消失的几个旅游胜地。1What can we learn about Machu Picchu?AIt has no convenient trafficBIts
6、 famous for cable carsCIts well preserved by the localsDIt bears a heavy burden of tourismD细节理解题。根据Machu Picchu部分中的“The forces of natural erosion have been accelerated by tourism and this landmark faces severe influence from increasing foot traffic”可知，旅游业给该地带来了破坏，即带来了沉重的生存负担。故选D。2Which place probabl
7、y needs visitors to dive into the water to enjoy its beauty?AVeniceBMachu PicchuCGlacier National ParkDThe Great Barrier ReefD细节理解题。根据The Great Barrier Reef部分中的“Hidden from view beneath the waves”可知，该地可能需要游客潜入水中才能享受其美景。故选D。3What do the above attractions have in common?AThey all have a long historyBT
8、heyre all threatened by climate changeCTheyre all in danger of disappearingDTheyre all wellknown for natural sceneryC推理判断题。根据Venice部分中的“this city will disappear back into the water at an even faster rate”，Machu Picchu部分中的“the future of Machu Picchu remains uncertain”，Glacier National Park部分中的“the gl
9、aciers that are part of the beauty of this national landmark will disappear entirely in the next two decades”及The Great Barrier Reef部分中的“the Great Barrier Reef has been rapidly dying off”可推知，这几处旅游胜地的共同点是它们都濒临消失。文章第一段的内容也是暗示，故选C。BPollutions serious effects on the environment have become more obvious
10、in recent yearsMost scientists agree that efforts are necessary to protect our environment from further harmAs we know，the construction industry consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a huge amount of pollutionSo green buildings are in great needThe environmental benefits of g
11、reen buildings include the protection of ecosystems and biodiversity(生物多样性)，improved air and water quality，less waste flowing into streams and the protection of natural resourcesGreen buildings can also result in lower operating costs because they typically use less energy and fewer materials and im
12、prove indoor air quality，improving the health of people who live thereThe process of building green houses includes technical and artistic planning with nature protection in mindBuilding designs often reflect the surrounding environment and natural resources and use renewable building materials such
13、 as bamboo and strawIn addition，recycled resources found locally are used for green buildings，reducing the cost and air pollution associated with transporting materials long distancesCareful site selection is important to minimize(使减少到最低限度) human effects on the surrounding environmentFor example，pla
14、cing a structure in an area that allows it to take advantage of cool breezes(微风) and sunlight can reduce energy use and expensesMore energy and expenses are needed for larger buildings as well，so it is important to build the small onesGreen roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energ
15、y use and costsThese roofs are partially or completely covered with plants，which helps to keep heating and cooling costs low，prevent water running off and deal with pollutantsOther features of green buildings often include energy and water protection，recycling and waste reductionIn addition，renewabl
16、e energy sources such as solar power，waterpower and wind power are used for heat and electricity，which greatly reduces costs and decreases the influence on the environment【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。4What can we know about green buildings?AProducing no wasteBOnly using clean energyCBeing made of new mat
17、erialsDBeing environmentfriendlyD 推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选D。5What is a green building probably like according to the fifth paragraph?ALarge BSmall CGreen DLowB 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“More energy and expenses are needed for larger building as well，so it is important to build the small one
18、s”可推知，绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选B。6What is the purpose of using green roofs?ATo fit the environmentBTo keep warmCTo collect nature waterDTo reduce costsD 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Green roofs are another feature of green houses that reduce energy use and costs”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本，故选D。7What is the text mainly abou
19、t?APromoting energy efficiencyBEnvironmental benefitsCGreen buildingsDEcosystems and biodiversityC 主旨大意题。根据文章的关键词“green buildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选C。阅读七选五Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？ 1 Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning produc
20、tsClean the toilet with CokeIts amazing how powerful Coke might be as a toilet cleaner 2 Youll save your health by not consuming chemicals that Coke contains and save money by not purchasing professional cleanersPour some cola over the stains and leave it all for a few hoursThen let water wash the t
21、oilet!Remove water stains with orange peelsYouve just eaten an orange 3 Do not throw away those orange peelsYou can use the skins to clean stainless steelYour appliances will shine again after you rub (擦) them with the skinsThe peels can easily make those stubborn stains disappear in a secondUse ban
22、ana peels to polish leather furnitureExperts claim that banana peels are great for polishing leather sofas and armchairsBanana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task 4 Afterwards，remove the leftover with a clothThis trick is simple and cheapUse it if you want your leather f
23、urniture to look brand new again 5 Why would you want to buy one when you can make your own product that is cheap and nontoxic (无毒的)? Just pour 2 liters of slightly warm water into a deep bowlThen add 50ml white vinegar and half a teaspoon of dishwashing liquidShake the bowl and then fill up a plast
24、ic spray with the mixtureUse it to clean windows and mirrorsMake your glass surfaces clean and shinyAWait a minute!BMake your own glass cleanerCFollow the steps given belowDOf course your answer is “yes”EThey leave no marks or scratchesFInstead of drinking it，use it to clean the toilet bowlGThey are
25、 economical and safe to use on all of furniture【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。想生活在一个干净的生活环境中、让一切光洁发亮吗？那就按照以下步骤来做吧。 无须购买昂贵的清洁用品，只需要一些小妙招。1C根据空前的“Want to live in a perfectly clean environment and make it shine brightly？”和空后的“Then you will not need to purchase expensive cleaning products”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知，C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到
26、承上启下的作用。2F本段讲的是用可乐清洁厕所，故F项“不是喝掉可乐，而是用之清洁马桶”符合语境。3A根据下文中的“Do not throw away those orange peels”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不锈钢。所以选A。4E根据上文中的“Banana skins are rich in oils and have the right texture to do the task”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材质也非常适合擦拭皮质，不会留下污痕或划痕。所以选E。5B根据下文中的“you can make your own product that is che
27、ap and nontoxic(无毒的)”“Use it to clean windows and mirrorsMake your glass surfaces clean and shiny”可知，本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂，故B项符合语境。语法填空Global warming refers to the fact that the Earths atmosphere is warming near 1 (it) surfacein other words，its getting hotterSome scientists say it is human activity 2 has c
28、aused global warmingHowever，there are other theories as wellOne popular theory relates to the “greenhouse effect”Gases that make up the atmosphere are similar to 3 greenhouse because they allow sunlight 4 (pass) through，and then trap much of the heat from 5 (escape)This naturally occurring phenomeno
29、n，which 6 (call) greenhouse warming，keeps the earths surface 7 (warm) than it would beWhile scientists agree that human produced compounds (化合物) like carbon dioxide and others are being released into the atmosphere，some argue its not clear how this results 8 the changes in temperatureGlobal warming
30、can 9 (great) affect human life on many levelsScientists have made great 10 (contribute) to finding out how long the earth has been warming，at what rate it is warming，and what factors are causing itThese answers may better prepare people to handle its effects1its考查形容词性物主代词。设空处修饰surface，表示“它的”，故填its。
31、2that考查强调句。say后的从句是强调句，被强调部分为human activity，故填that。3a考查不定冠词。greenhouse是可数名词，且在此表示泛指，故填a。4to pass考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法。allow sb/sthto do sth意为“允许某人或某物做某事”。5escaping考查动词ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作from的宾语，且heat与escape之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填escaping。6is called考查动词的被动用法。句中which指代先行词phenomenon与call之间存在动宾关系，所以用被动形式，又整篇文章都是一般现在时，所以答案为is called。7warmer考查形容词比较级。由设空处后的than可知，此处应用比较级，故填warmer。8in考查介词。result in意为“导致”。9greatly考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰affect，故填greatly。10contributions考查名词。make great contribution to (doing)sth意为“为做出巨大贡献”。
