1、2021年高考一轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练27特殊句式之省略句2（动词不定式的省略）1.-Arent you the section chief here？-No. and I .A.dont want to beB.dont want toC.dont want beD.dont want2.Daniel has undertaken to keep the secret, so he wont tell anyone even though _.A.asked to keepB.to be askedC.to askD.asked to3.Its really a pity that
2、 you didnt go to see Frozen II last night.I _, but I had to prepare for the coming exam.A.would like toB.ought toC.would haveD.may have4.Nurseries are the areas where plants are grown to be sold or _ in other places.A.being plantedB.to plantC.plantD.planted5.Please dont stand up in class until you _
3、.A.were told toB.are toldC.are told toD.were told6.Have you watered the flowers?No，but _.A.I am B.Im goingC.Im just going to D.I will go7.Will the Smiths leave for Australia this spring?No，they finally decided _.A.not to leave B.not leavingC.not to D.not to be leaving8._ on smart phone to entertain
4、themselves _ know what to do while going out without it.A.Such does the dependence; as not toB.Such dependence does; to notC.So dependent are they; as not toD.So do they depend; not to9.The boss asked Tim to go and out if there was anyone else absent.A.findB.findingC.to findD.found10.Tom told the ne
5、ws to everybody in the classroom. Why didnt you tell him _?A.not to be doneB.not do itC.not toD.do not to11.Why didnt you turn up at the opening ceremony? I was waiting for you all the time.I . But I had some urgent business to deal with then.A.would like toB.would like to haveC.would like to beD.wo
6、uld like to have attended12.The driver stopped the car a cat across the street.A.to let; to walkB.letting; walkC.letting; walkingD.to let; walk13.Whats your dream?Well, my parents wouldnt expect me to be a banker, but I still .A.hope toB.hope soC.hope notD.hope for14.Are you chairman? - No, and I _.
7、A.dont want toB.dont wantC.dont want to beD.dont want be15.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_.A.not to doB.not toC.not did itD.dont do it16.I cant imagine what air we would be breathing in if we _ anything to stop air pollution.A.hadnt doneB.didnt doC.havent d
8、oneD.dont do17.Mr. Scott has received the invitation to his ex-girlfriends wedding ceremony this weekend. Will he attend it?No, he has finally decided _.A.notB.not toC.not to goD.not to go to18. Hi, are you a student of this University?No, but I _.A.want toB.want to beC.want soD.want it19.It is beli
9、eved that life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _ .A.that used to beB.it is used toC.it was used toD.it used to be20.Johnny wanted to ride his new bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _.A.not toB.not do itC.not to doD.do not21. The driver wanted to park his car near the road
10、side but was asked by the police _.A.not to doB.not doC.not toD.do not22.(2013新课标全国卷)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _.A.not to doB.not toC.not doD.do not23. Would you please join us in this computer game? Thank you, but Id rather_.A.not toB.not joinC.
11、not doD.not24.He is taller than he .A.usedB.used to beC.used toD.used to do25.You seem to know little about Yancheng Middle School. Arent you a teacher here?No, but I _.A.hope toB.hope thatC.hope itD.hope to be26.-Are you a teacher?-No, but I _.A.used toB.was used toC.used to beD.used to do27.We wer
12、e told not to touch the equipment in the laboratory unless _.A.allowed to doB.allowing to doC.allowed toD.allowing to28.-Will you go home tomorrow evening? -No, Im going to a lecture, or at least I m planning _.A.toB.soC.thatD.it29. Who are you going to have _ this letter for you? My secretary.A.typ
13、eB.typedC.been typedD.been typing30.Im sorry if I hurt your feelings. I didnt _.A.expect toB.mean toC.do thatD.hope so31. Whats the matter with Della? Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _.A.hopes toB.hopes soC.hopes notD.hopes for答案与解析1.A【详解】考查省略句。句意：你不是这里的主编吗？不，而且
14、我也不想当主编。动词不定式的省略通常只保留不定式符号to；但是当不定式为to be或者to have done 时，省略时的形式为to be或者to have。故选A。2.D【详解】考查省略和过去分词。句意：丹尼尔答应保守这个秘密，所以即使问他也不会告诉任何人。此处是even though引导的让步状语从句，从句主语和主句主语都是he，和ask之间是被动关系，相同的主语和be动词可以省略，所以这里是过去分词作状语，且ask sb. to do sth.可以省略与前面相同的部分，只留下动词不定式符号to。故选D。【点睛】状语从句主谓成分的省略，须遵循下面原则：（一）当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时
15、，从句可以省略主语，从句的谓语动词采用其V-ing结构。例如：Although working very hard, he failed in the final exam. (Although he worked very hard,)（二）当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。常见于以下几种形式:1、连词+形容词Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。2、连词+名词While (he was) a young boy, he was
16、 always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。3、连词+现在分词While (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。4连词+过去分词If (it is) well read, the book will give you much to think.5连词+不定式He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。6、连词+介词短语She looked anxious as
17、 though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。3.C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和省略。句意：真遗憾你昨晚没去看冰雪奇缘2。我本来可以去的，但是我不得不为即将到来的考试做准备。A. would like to想要，愿意；B. ought to应该；C. would have本来可以；D. may have可能。根据下文“我不得不为即将到来的考试做准备”可知，我没有去看，空格处是省略句式，表示“（如果可以）我本来可以去”，与过去事实相反，谓语动词用would have gone.，承前省略gone.，故选C。4.D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：
18、苗圃是种植植物以供出售或种植在其他地方的地方。本空与上文to be sold or构成并列非谓语结构，省略相同部分to be，省下planted，故选D。5.C【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】to代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to。to代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like,
19、 be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try，tell等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been，一般要保留be, have或have been。本句还原为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to stand up。省略句为：Please dont stand up in class until you are told to 。故C选项正确。6.C【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式的省略。句意：你浇花了吗？没有，但是我打算去浇的。be going
20、 to do sth.将要做某事；此处是动词不定式的省略，只留下动词不定式的to。故选C。7.C【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式的省略。句意：史密斯一家今年春天动身去澳大利亚吗?不，他们最后决定不去。decide to do sth.决定做某事；此处是动词不定式的省略，只留下to。故选C。8.C【解析】考查部分倒装和非谓语动词。句意：他们是如此依赖智能手机自娱自乐，以致于不知道外出时没有它该怎么办。so+形容词+as to do sth.如此-以致于-，动词不定式做结果状语，相当于so-that引导的结果状语从句；so+形容词/副词，位于句首时，句子用部分倒装，根据句意可知答案为C。【名师点睛】
21、“结果状语从句对应的so/such位于句首引起的倒装句”的基本用法当“so/such . that .”结构中的so, such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时， 主句要进行倒装(that后面的结果状语从句不倒装)。例如： So angry was he that he couldnt speak. 他愤怒得一句话也说不出来。(so与作表语的形容词放于句首， 主句呈现全部倒装的形式) / So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. 他跑得如此快， 以至于远远领先于其他人。(so与修饰谓语run的副词fast放于句首， 主句
22、呈现部分倒装的形式) / To such an extent do the parents love their son that they have tried to satisfy every demand of his. 父母俩爱子爱到了如此程度， 以至于尽量满足他的任何要求。(to such放于句首， 主句呈现部分倒装的形式)9.A【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：老板让去弄清楚是否还有其他人缺席，前后并列，前面是动词不定式，此处要省略动词不定式，故此处用动词不定式。故选。10.C【解析】考查省略。汤姆把这个消息告诉了教室里的每个人。你为什么不告诉他呢？英语中喜欢省略,使句子显得好看
23、简洁,这里的原句是Why didnt you tell him not to tell everybody.这里省略了 tell everybody，故选C。11.B【解析】考查完成时的省略。句意：你为什么没有在开幕式上露面？我一直在等你。我本来想去的，但是我有急事要处理。完整的句式是would like to have turned up at the opening ceremony.因为上文已有了turned up at the opening ceremony.故可省略。I would like to have done本来想做某事而没做，可省略为 would like to have
24、。would like to（turn up）现在想去。故选B。【名师点睛】不定式符号后面动词的省略为了避免重复，我们常常把作宾语、宾补和谓语动词的一部分的不定式省略，只保留动词不定式的符号to。1. 为了避免重复，在hope, wish, want, like, love, decide, plan, mean, prefer, want, have to, be able to, be going to, used to, ought to等动词及习语后面出现与上文相同的不定式时，常保留不定式符号to，而把其它部分省略。如：Mary lied to us because she had t
25、o (lied to us).2. 当不定式在ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg等动词后面充当宾语补足语时，为了避免重复，常保留不定式符号，而把后面的动词省略。如：She wants to come but her parents wont allow her to (come).3. 在特定的上下文中，为了避免重复，如果不定式为一般式to be.或完成式to have done时，则不定式符号to和be或have常一并保留，be或have之后的部分通常要省略。如：1)Aren
26、t you the headmaster? 你难道不是校长吗?No, and I dont want to be.我不是，而且我也不想当。2)Hasnt he finished writing the report?难道他还没写完报告吗?No, but he ought to have.是的，但他本来应该写完。3)Why didnt attend the party?为什么没去参加派对？I would like to have, but I was very busy.我本来想去的，但我非常忙。12.D【解析】试题分析：句意：司机停下车为了让一只猫走过马路。第一空填to let是不定式做目的状
27、语，第二空填walk，因为let后面接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语，所以选D。考点：考查非谓语动词13.A【解析】考查省略句。句意:你的梦想是什么?哦,我父母不想让我成为银行家,但我仍然希望(成为银行家)。此部分表达完整为:but I still hope to be a banker。省略时可将其相同的部分be a banker省去,但to不可省略。故答案为A项。14.C【解析】试题分析：C考查固定用法。如果要省去的不定式中的动词是be时，则通常保留be。Want to do sth想要做某事；want to be想要成为；句意：你是主席吗?不，我也不想成为主席。这里省略了chairman一
28、词，故答案为C选项。考点：考查固定用法15.B【解析】试题分析：考查不定式的用法。在不定式省略的时候，通常只保留不定式的符合to，而把后面的其它成分都省略掉。但是当不定式符号后面有be或者have的时候，be与have要保留。句意：那个男孩想在街上骑自行车，但是他的妈妈告诉他不要这样做，故B正确，考点：考查不定式的用法16.B【解析】试题分析：根据语境“我无法想象如果我们不采取措施阻止空气污染，我们将呼吸什么样的空气”可知该处是对将来情况的虚拟，if条件句要用一般过去时，故选B。考点：考查虚拟语气17.B【解析】试题分析：B考察动词搭配。问：Mr. Scott这周末收到了他前女友婚礼的邀请函，
29、他会去参加吗？答：不，他最终决定不去了。decide to do，否定用法：decide not to do。答句中的go可以省略，如果不省，要用decide not to go to the，但是这样会与上文重复，显得累赘，就直接用decide not to，故选B。考点：考察动词搭配。18.B【解析】试题分析：B考察动词。问：嗨，你是这个大学的学生吗？答：不是，但是我想成为。want to be a student of this University意思是我想成为这个大学的学生，但为了避免重复，a student of this University可以省去。故选B考点：考察动词。19.
30、D【解析】试题分析：考查比较部分省略问题。这里比较的是life in the twenty-first century 和life it used to be, 用it来代替之前出现的life，它们指代的都是life, 所以后者可以省略，故选D。句意为：21世纪的生活比过去的生活要便利得多。考点：考查部分省略问题20.A【解析】试题分析：考查不定式的否定式，tell sb not to do叫某人不要做，不定式省略需保留不定式符号to，省略后面的动词，句意：Johnny想在街上骑自己的新自行车，但他妈妈叫他不要这么做，故选A考点：考查不定式的否定式点评：考查考生对题干的理解和动词不定式用法的掌
31、握情况。不定式的省略是省略上文出现的实意动词，如果是be动词或助动词have就不可以省略。21.C【解析】试题分析：考查省略。首先不难看出ask sb. to do 变被动语态，因此非不定式的选项都是错的；其次省略要省干净，不能留do的尾巴，因此如果A选项后加it也正确。句意：司机想把车停在路边，但是警察提醒他不可以。故C正确。考点：考查省略22.B【详解】考查省略句。句意：司机想把车停靠在路边，但是被警察制止了。ask sb not to do sth “告诉某人不要做某事”，在这种结构中可以省略不定式中的动词，而保留不定式符合to，故选B。23.D【解析】试题分析：考查不定式的省略，句意：
32、-你可以和我们一起玩电脑游戏吗？-谢谢，但我宁愿不玩。Would rather后面接不带to的动词不定式，否定是not do，因为前面的动词出现了，可以省略，Id rather not=Id rather not join you选D。考点：考查不定式的省略点评：为避免重复，有时可用不定式符号to来代替整个动词不定式(短语)。但是如果动词是be动词或have，就不能省略。24.B【解析】试题分析：考查不定式的省略，句意：他比过去高。这是省略句，完整的句子是He is taller than he used to be tall。不定式可以省略to后面重复的内容，但是如果在省略的动词不定式结构中
33、含有be, have或have been，通常保留be, have been。选B。考点：考查不定式的省略点评：学生在做该题时，极易选择C，原因是为了避免重复已经出现的动词，以不定式to来代替整个不定式结构，而正确的答案是B。如果在省略的动词不定式结构中含有be, have或have been，通常保留be, have been。又如：Are you o holidays? 你在度假吗？No, but Id like to be. 不是，但我倒愿意。25.D【解析】试题分析：句意：-你似乎对于盐城中学不了解，难道你不是这里的老师吗？-是的，我不是，我倒希望是。这是省略，完整的是but I ho
34、pe to be a teacher here.故选D。考点：考查省略的用法。点评：本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。即学即练： Dont make any mistakes in your homework, will you?Ill _.A. try not to B. try to not C. try not D. try not to be解析：A。26.C【详解】考查不定式的省略式。句意：你是老师吗？不
35、是，但过去是的。英语的不定式的动词上文出现过的话，可以省略to后面的动词，但是be动词或have一般不省，故选C。【点睛】used to放在句末时，假如后面是be或have动词的话，不能省去；如果是其他动词，则可以省略。27.C【解析】试题分析：考查状语从句的省略和不定式的省略。本句在unless后面省略了we were；当状语出的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词的时候，可以把主语和be动词一起省略。不定式省略的时候通常只保留不定式的符号to，表示后面的do sth承前省略了。句意：在实验室里如果没有被允许，我们被告知不能触摸任何东西。故C正确。考点：考查状语从句的省略和不定式的省略点评：当
36、状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且状语从句中有系动词be的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略。如果状语从句中有it is的时候，it is 也可以省略。不定式的省略通常只保留不定式的符号to。28.A【解析】考察不定式的省略形式。不定式的省略通常只保留不定式符号to,而省略后面的内容。本题后面省略了go to a lecture.句意：你明天我是回家吗？不我要去听讲座。至少，我正在计划去。29.A【详解】考查时态。句意：你会让谁帮你打印这封信？我的秘书。分析句式结构可知，此处是 have sb do sth，这是个疑问句，sb提至句首，用疑问词who代替，因此，此处用动词原形。故选A。30.B【解析】略31.A【详解】考查省略。句意：Della怎么了?嗯，她父母不允许她去参加聚会，但她还是希望去。A项是动词不定式的省略，把和前面相同的部分省略，只留下小品词to，故选A。
