1、Period 3 Learning about Language.单词拼写1.He filled everyones cup and they t_ the success ofthe new company.2.An a_ flies a spacecraft and a pilot flies anaeroplane.3.She stood in front of the mirror and pulled the _(梳子)through her hair.4.You didnt measure the _(角度)accurately.【答案】1.toasted 2.astronaut
2、b 4.angle.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1.The house,the roof of _ was damaged,is nowbeing repaired.2.Well put off the picnic until next week _ theweather may be better.3.Hes married to a singer of _ you may have heard.4.He got into a situation _ it is hard to decide what isright and what is wrong.5.Hes not such a
3、fool _ he looks.6.She didnt tell me the reason _ she refused the offer.7.Wolves are highly social animals _ success dependsupon cooperation.8.In Berlin,he first met the woman _ he would oneday marry.9.Do you know the things and persons _ they aretalking about?10.I met a girl _ knew your sister on my
4、 trip.【答 案】1.which 2.when 3.whom 4.where 5.as 6.why7.whose 8.whom/who/that 9.that 10.who/that1.toast vt.烤(面包等)；敬酒n烤面包(片)；吐司面包；干杯If you cut the bread,well make some toast.你要是把面包切成片，我们就烤点儿面包片。I propose a toast to the health of the guests.我建议为来宾的健康干一杯！(1)toast用作名词意为“干杯，敬酒”时，常与介词to连用，即a toast to sb/sth。
5、(2)drink a toast todrink to为而干杯单句语法填空Ladies and gentlemen,Id like to propose a toast _the bride and the groom.完成句子我们为这对幸福的夫妇干了一杯。We _ the happy couple.妈妈烤了些面包做早餐。Mother _ for breakfast.【答案】to drank a toast to made some toast2.smooth down把弄平；消除；变得平静I hope he can smooth the whole matter down.我希望他能使这件事
6、完全平息下去。smooth away 轻易地摆脱或消除smooth down/out 使平滑；使平坦；使平静smooth over 使(问题等)缓解用smooth短语的适当形式填空Well _ any difficulties when we reach them.Father lost his bad temper,and we could not _him_.【答案】smooth away smooth；downShe was dying to see him again but what if he didnt wantto see her?她急于再次见到他，可是如果他不想见她怎么办？该
7、句为but连接的并列句。后一个分句whatif为省略句，意为“要是又怎样；如果将会怎么样；如果又怎样”，相当于What would happen if？或What should sbdo if？或What does it matter if？What if the earthquake happens?如果发生地震怎么办？what for为何目的；为何理由what about(提出建议)怎么样？How come？怎么回事？So what？那又怎样？What about washing the car on Sunday?礼拜天洗车怎么样？单句语法填空What _she wont attend
8、our party?What _going to the office and asking our teacherfor help?Lets go and have a drink tonight.What do we drink _？Have you got the first lotteryticket?汉译英 如果他现在回来怎么办？_ 借点钱给我如何？_【答案】if about for What if he comes backnow?What about lending me some money?限制性定语从句一、概念1.定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定
9、语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫作先行词。3.关系词：引导定语从句的词，叫作关系词。关系词分为关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,as等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)两类。关系词通常有三个作用：连接定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。4.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两类。二、关系代词的基本用法1.意义及作用成分代替人代替物代替人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom/who(可省略)which(可省略)that定语whosewhoseIs he the man who/that wants to see
10、you?他是那个想见你的男人吗？(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天看见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to comeunwrapped.你拿的那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)A child whose parents are dead is called orphan.双亲都死了的孩子叫作孤儿。(whose表示那个孩子的)He lives in a room whos
11、e window faces south.他住在那个窗户朝南的房子里。(whose表示那个房子的)2.定语从句先行词为事或物时，只能用that不用which引导的情况：(1)先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in thebookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。(2)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。(3)先行词是不定代词时，如all，few，l
12、ittle，much，anything，nothing，something等。Nothing that the teacher does doesnt influence his students.老师所做的事情没有不影响到学生的。(4)先行词既有人又有物时。(5)先行词被only,the very，no,one of等修饰时。My necklace is not the only thing thats missing.我不只是丢失了一条项链。(6)在以which，who，whom引起的问句中，为避免重复，常用that。(7)先行词在主句中作表语，或者关系代词本身作从句的表语时宜用that。
13、China is no longer the country that she was.中国再也不是原来的那个国家了。3.在下列情况下只用which而不用that：(1)当先行词表示事物意义，并且在从句中作介词的宾语，那么就只能用which。The world in which we live is made of matter.我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。(2)在非限制性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物意义时，只能用which。The sun heats the earth,which makes it possible for plants togrow.太阳给予大地热量，这就使植物的
14、生长成为可能。用适当的关系代词填空This is the boy _father died three years ago.They work in a factory _makes radio parts.This is the vision phone through _we can see andtalk to our friends.Those _want to go to the computer room writeyour names here.He talked about the teachers and schools _he hadvisited.【答案】whose wh
15、ich/that which who that三、关系副词的基本用法1.意义及作用关系副词先行词在从句中的成分when名词，表时间时间状语why名词，表原因原因状语where名词，表地点地点状语I dont know the reason why he came solate.我不知道他来那么晚的原因。并非先行词表示时间、地点、原因时都分别用when，where，why来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间、地点或原因的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。The reason that he gave for his being la
16、te isunreasonable.他为迟到给出的理由不合理。用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空The treatment will continue until the patient reached thepoint _ he can walk correctly and safely.Thetimeisnotfaraway_moderncommunicationswillbecomewidespreadinChinasvastcountryside.Can you help me to think of a reason _ seemsreasonable for my being abse
17、nce?【答案】where when that四、由“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句1.介词关系代词Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.Mandela was the black lawyer whom I went to for advice.曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。2.名词/代词/数词介词关系代词He wrote a book,the name of which Ive completely forgotten.他写了一本书，书名我完全给忘记了。The old man has two daughters,bo
18、th of whom are doctors.那位老人有两个女儿，她们都是医生。3.形容词最高级介词关系代词China has thousands of islands,the largest of which is Taiwan.中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。4.介词关系代词名词I called him by the wrong name,for which mistakes Iapologized.我叫错了他的名字，为此我向他表示了歉意。(不能使用whose)用适当的介词填空The school _which he once studied is very famous.Tomo
19、rrow I will bring here a magazine _whichyou asked.Well go to hear the famous singer _whom wehave often talked.The man _whom you talked is my friend.The English play _which my students acted atthe New Years party was a great success.【答案】in for about with in五、定语从句常见错误1.缺先行词Is this school that you visi
20、ted last year?(该句缺先行词，应在“school”后面加上“the one”)2.缺引导词Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.(应在“Children”后面加上“who”，关系代词作主语时不能省略)3.成分重复This is the village that I lived in it years ago.(that和it句子成分重复，应去掉“it”)4.谓语单复数确定不当He is the only one of the students who know French.(先行词为the only one，定语从句的
21、谓语动词know应为单数knows)5.关系代词省略不当This is the girl from I learned the news.(在有介词提前的定语从句中不能省略关系代词，from后面应加上whom).单句语法填空1That is the girl to_you talked just now.2Do you know the name of that girl _brother isyour roommate?3 Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivities_they can gain experience for gro
22、wth.4I am looking forward to the day _my daughter canread this book and know my feelings for her.5It is the first American film_Ive ever seen.(610 需填入适当的介词或关系代词)6She has three children，all_are at school.7Ours is a beautiful school，_we are proud.8He bought a book yesterday，the author _is ateacher.9Th
23、e pencil_he wrote was broken.10The woman，_I learned the news，is a nurse.【答 案】1.whom 2.whose 3.where 4.when 5.that 6of whom 7.of which 8.of which 9.with which 10.fromwhom.将下面各题中的两个简单句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句1I still remember the day.I came to Beijing on the day._2Who is the man？The man is reading the newspape
24、r overthere._3Michael Jackson died on June 25,2009.His music is stillvery popular._4The film was wonderful.We saw the film last night._【答案】11.I still remember the day when I came to Beijing.2Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?3Michael Jackson whose music is still very popular died onJune 25,2009.4The film which/that we saw last night was wonderful.点击进入WORD链接
