1、第2讲主旨大意题常见的命题方式有：1What is the best title for this passage?2Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?3Whats the main idea of the text?4The main idea of the second paragraph is probably that .1标题归纳类标题归纳类题目应该注意其醒目性、概括性和针对性。解题时抓住文章的首段和每一段的首尾句以及一些贯穿整篇文章始终的关键词。名师点津干扰项特点1以偏概全；2.断章取义；3.主
2、题扩大；4.张冠李戴；5.无中生有。典题印证(2016全国，C片段)Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now，the website BookC turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own
3、 and would like to share.BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book.Then the person leaves it in a public place，hoping that the book will have an adventure，traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson，the managing director of BookCrossing，says，
4、“The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read.BookCrossing combines both.”32What is the best title for the text?AOnline Reading：A Virtual TourBElectronic Books：A New TrendCA Book Group Brings Tradition BackDA Website Links People Through Books答案D解析标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了Book
5、Crossing这个网站，因此文章标题应体现“网站”这一关键点，再根据文章第三段可知该网站把人生命中最重要的两个事物：人和书联系在一起。D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。2文章大意类每一篇文章都有其大意，获取大意的方法是找主题句。主题句通常在文章的首段或尾段，但是有时候也出现在文章中间段落。阅读的过程中应该对每段的主题句给予特别的关注。名师点津确定选项是否切合中心主题，要从整篇文章出发，切勿本末倒置、主次不分，避免以点带面、以偏概全。典题印证(2016江苏，B)Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways，like gathering in war par
6、ties to protect their territory.But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings，they have little instinct(本能) to help one another.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children，who are able from a young age to gather their own
7、food.In the laboratory，chimps dont naturally share food either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or，with no greater effort，a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage，he will pull at randomhe just doesnt care whether his neighbor gets
8、fed or not.Chimps are truly selfish.Human children，on the other hand，are naturally cooperative.From the earliest ages，they desire to help others，to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experi
9、ments with very young children.He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door，almost all will immediately try to help.There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally possessed in young chil
10、dren.One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially.Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded.A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their gen
11、eral cognitive(认知的)skills，at least when compared with chimps.In tests conducted by Tomasello，the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.The core of what childrens minds have and chimps dont is what Tomas
12、ello calls shared intentionality.Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking.But beyond that，even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.They actively seek to be part of a “we”，a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.60The passage is mainly
13、 about .Athe helping behaviors of young childrenBways to train childrens shared intentionalityCcooperation as a distinctive human natureDthe development of intelligence in children答案C解析主旨大意题。本文属于科普说明文，作者从猩猩的自私行为导入到人类无私帮助他人的本能，分析了人类具有愿意帮助他人、愿意与他人合作的本能的原因。A、B、D三项都属于文章的部分内容，并非中心思想。故C项正确。3段落大意类段落的大意即某一段
14、的中心思想，一般体现在某个句子中，即我们所说的主题句。说明文或议论文的主题句一般出现在句首。采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后。有时候主题句也会出现在段落中间，甚至没有明确的主题句，这就要求我们根据段落的内容进行概括归纳。名师点津主题句的把握：1开门见山：提出主题细节论述阐明主题；2段末点睛：细节描述归纳要点概括主题；3段中点旨：细节描述归纳主题解释说明。典题印证(2016浙江，C片段)Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but i
15、t also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effortthe desire to explore，explain，and understand our worldis simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution(进化)
16、provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientis
17、ts.As some psychologists put it，“It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”53What is the main idea of the last paragraph?AThe world may be more clearly explained through childrens play.BStudying babies play may lead to a better understanding of science.CChil
18、dren may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.DOnes drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.答案B解析段落大意题。根据本段内容尤其是第一句可知，本段主要讲“研究孩子的游戏可以让人们更好地理解科学”，故选B。AAre undergraduates(大学生) grades important？Everyone knows that high marks earned at different schools or unde
19、r different instructors can indicate very different levels of achievement.One professor may be a hard grader，while another is very generous or one who takes the whole business as a bit of joke.Some schools have high standards，whereas othes dont.And at all universities there is a constant tendency to
20、wards grade inflation (giving ever more high marks) that is fought fiercely at some universities and allowed to go unchecked for long periods at others.Another point raised against grades is that they hardly predict how much graduates will be earning 15 or 20 years after getting their degrees.As man
21、y studies have shown，there is only a very poor link between undergraduates grades and future wealth.People who get good marks tend to go into professions，not all of which are highly paid.The link between undergraduates grades and success in business，the most common road to wealth，is in fact zero.Man
22、y ordinary students become successful businessmen，while some brilliant and capable graduates(creative youngster，not students with special skills in passing exams) take up relatively low paying but interesting or satisfying careers.The general population sees one thing very clearly that good grades d
23、ont translate in any direct way into big money，and for better or for worse，the standard of “success” for countless Americans is the possession of wealth.The result is a certain modesty about good grades in America among those who get them.A students parents may be proud of his marks，but seldom will
24、the student himself risk being called a “gradegrubber” by drawing too much attention to his academic success.High marks are not something to be advertised to the world except on resumes(简历)，and anybody who is crazy about them is likely to be viewed with contempt(轻蔑)，not least by intelligent people.1
25、Which of the following is TRUE about undergraduates grades?ADifferent grades in schools show the same levels of achievement.BProfessors are giving increasingly high marks.CProfessors give grades without checking studentswork.DProfessors are likely to give high grades if they are humorous.答案B解析推理判断题。
26、由第一段最后一句话可知，所有大学都有一个趋势，即教授打分越来越高。2According to the passage，what is the relationship between grades and business performance?AGood grades generally lead to business success.BThere is a direct link between grades and business performance.CGood grades dont necessarily mean business success.DTerrible gr
27、ades often mean business success.答案C解析推理判断题。由第二段第二句话可知，研究表明学生的分数与未来的财富联系很小。即好分数并不意味着商业成功。3What is the American attitude towards good grades?AThe students with good grades are shy to share their happiness with others.BGood grades should be admired by both the poor and the rich.CNot much importance is
28、 attached to good grades.DStudents should risk everything to get good grades.答案C解析推理判断题。由第二段最后一句话可知，美国人不太重视高分数。4The underlined word “gradegrubber” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ”Aa student who likes to take risksBa student who is poor in academic studyCa student who is devoted to getting good grad
29、esDa student who isnt satisfied with his good grades答案C解析词义猜测题。在美国，那些高分学生的家长们可能会夸耀孩子的成绩，而学生本人绝不会甘愿冒被称作“掘分器”的危险。5What might be the best title for the passage?AAre Grades So Important?BHow to Get Good Grades?CModest Attitudes Towards GradesDGrades and Business Success答案A解析标题归纳题。由文章大意可知A项最符合文意。BStop wa
30、sting your time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.The seeds，and the power to grow them，are contained in the human mind.Success is a choice and no
31、t a chance.You can be a success if only you make the right choice.You cannot be successful without first developing your selfesteem(自尊)Your level of selfesteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low selfesteem do n
32、ot believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your
33、life.Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible.Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we consciously choose to accept and believe.Thoughts and be
34、liefs cause everything.Our attitudes and actions are a result of habits ingrained in us over a period of time.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.Our success depends upon our level of confidence.We are responsible for either reinforcing(强
35、化) good habits or kicking bad habits and consciously replacing them with consistently practiced good habits.If you associate with positivethinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing(培育) the see
36、ds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.语篇解读这篇文章告诉我们每个人生来就是可以成功的，那么区别到底在哪呢？在于你是否能够让成功的种子发
37、芽。想成功，我们到底应该怎么做。文章告诉我们：其实，成功是一种选择而非运气。只要你的选择正确，你就能够成功。6People with low selfesteem are compared to leaves because they .Aare ready to change their mindsBare easily affected by windy weatherCdont have the power to face their fateDcant exercise control over themselves答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句话“People with
38、low selfesteem do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.”以及第四句话“They are leaves tossed(摇摆) by the winds of chance blown about with any sudden change in the weather.”可知不自信的人是因为他们不相信自己有能力，也不相信自己能够为自己的生活做主。他们就像随风摇摆的落叶。也就是说他们不能掌控自己。故选择D。7Losers would think that .Asuccess
39、 is the result of hard workBworking hard will lead to successCtheir failure is only because of bad luckDthey dont make efforts to succeed答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句话“Failures think that everything happens by accident.”可知，失败者总是认为事情的发生都是偶然的。故选择C，认为自己的失败只是由于时运不济。8It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that .Awhet
40、her we will succeed depends on our attitudesBdeveloping confidence is the key to future successCthoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mindDsetting our expectations is essential before taking action答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段第八句话“Our success depends upon our level of confidence.”可知，人们的思想和信念决定一切，走向成功需要
41、对自己充满期望和自信。故选择A，我们的态度决定我们是否成功。9The last paragraph serves as .Athe proof of the writers pointsBthe conclusion of the argumentCan introduction to another topicDa comparison between two views答案B解析推理判断题。最后一段主要总结整篇文章的内容，即你对你的生活负责，要坚信这一点，这样你就会走向成功。故选择B项。10Which is the best title for the text?ASuccess Is a
42、 ChoiceBThe Secrets of SuccessCDevelop Our ConfidenceDHow to Achieve Success答案A解析主旨大意题。文章告诉我们：其实，成功是一种选择而非运气。只要你的选择正确，你就能够成功。故选A项。强化练(十九)题组1(社会文化说理议论科普知识健康生活)AEven if you are saying and doing the right things at your job and in your personal life，you could be making a bad impression on people with w
43、hat you dont say.Thats because many of our reactions to others are based on body language.If your body language is communicating a negative message，thats the message you could be sending，regardless of what actual words come out of your mouth.What are some of the negative messages sent via body langu
44、age？Things like having arms folded across your chest can show unfriendliness.Lack of eye contact can indicate shiftiness(奸诈)An unsmiling face could communicate a variety of things，like anger，disappointment or sadness，depending upon what other facial expressions are included.However，many of the clues
45、 that indicate negativity could also be the result of nervousness or other issues.For example，somebody who doesnt make eye contact could simply be nervous and less confident.The same goes with a notsowarm handshake.Someone folding his arms could simply be more comfortable with the arms that way.Some
46、one who doesnt smile could be selfconscious about her teeth.The person who sends off bad body language may not even realize that theyre doing it.Unfortunately，some people who do recognize what body language communicates are scam(欺诈)artists.They may have the firmest handshake，the shiniest smile and m
47、ake the greatest eye contact to convince others of their sincerity，because they know how much this nonverbal communication plays a part in communicating sincerity.Yet people fall for them，because their body language seems sincere.If youre not sure what your body language is communicating，ask a trust
48、ed friend for help.Practicing in front of a mirror can also help you remove bad habits.Remember to smile and nod if needed.And try to learn how to relax.Thus，you will send more positive messages with your body language.1Which of the following statements is TRUE?AA notsowarm handshake may indicate th
49、at one lacks confidence.BA tired facial expression can certainly communicate boredom.CWe should make the greatest eye contact at any time.DWe can judge a persons attitude correctly according to his expression.答案A解析细节理解题。由第二段第六、七句话可知，握手不热情可能表示缺乏自信。2According to the passage，the person who folds his ar
50、ms .Awill make a bad impression on everyoneBjust wants to be more comfortable with the arms foldedCmust be an aggressive person with a bad temperDmay not realize what message the arms position sends答案D解析推理判断题。由第二段第八、第十句话可知，双臂交叉置于胸前的人可能只是觉得这一种姿势更舒服，并不知道该姿势的暗含意思。3We can learn from the passage that .At
51、he shiniest smile is always a sign of sincerityBpeople can use body language for wrong purposesCsending positive messages through body language is not easyDnodding is necessary when it comes to sending positive messages答案B解析推理判断题。由第三段第一句话可知，掌握了体态语含义的人可能会利用这一点欺诈他人。4The underlined phrase “fall for” me
52、ans “ ”Abelieve BforgiveCunderstand Dreject答案A解析词义猜测题。结合前面的句意可知，这一句的意思是：然而人们会轻易上当相信他们，因为他们的体态语让别人觉得似乎是真诚的。5Which is the best title for this passage?AThe Secret of Body LanguageBFacial Expressions and MessagesCIs Your Body Language Hurting You?DWhat Can Body Language Communicate?答案C解析标题归纳题。文章主要讲了你的体态
53、语可能会传递错误信息，并因此伤害你，故选C项。BWe all know that good study habits are essential to success.We probably can reduce the academic dishonesty by promoting good study habits among students.Letting the students know how important good study habits are when they come to school.Still，even procrastination(拖延) can b
54、e overcome by proper study habits，and improving study habits is the key to better studying.Good study habits are a great tool to have in the toolbox of life.Many of the tips for success for online students are the same as those for students in a classroom.Consider asking the schools student union to
55、 take on a study tips project.Following a few simple study tips can help students effectively learn new concepts and theories.A good way to stay organized is to use folders (文件夹) so that your child can keep his/her assignments.Once children reach the grades where homework and tests are part of the c
56、urriculum，there are many things parents can do to encourage good study habits.An effective way is to study before and while they do their homework.Being organized and having homework routines are the most important things in helping your child develop good habits for life.Learning，however，is a proce
57、ss which settles into certain steps.Students with learning problems，however，may still have generally inefficient and ineffective study habits and skills.Becoming aware of your childs learning style will help you understand why they sometimes get frustrated with common study methods.Effective study h
58、abits are a very important part of the learning process.Good study habits are all about keeping to a daily routine and giving all subjects equal treatment.If your childs study habits are weak，take a “study skills” course or have someone show him/her good study habits.The problem is that those highsc
59、hool study habits are hard to shake.Hard work and good study habits are two characters to be nurtured (培养)Motivation and study habits are obviously very important as well.语篇解读本文向父母介绍了关于儿童学习习惯和学习方法的重要性，并给出了一些具体的建议。6What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?AThe features of good study
60、 habits.BThe definition of good study habits.CThe importance of good study habits.DThe relation between good study habits and success.答案C解析段落大意题。根据本段第一句“We all know that good study habits are essential to success.”和末尾两句“Still，even procrastination(拖延) can be overcome by proper study habits，and improv
61、ing study habits is the key to better studying.Good study habits are a great tool to have in the toolbox of life.”可知第一段主要想告诉我们对于成功来说良好的学习习惯是多么的重要。故C正确。7What can the schools student union do for students?AOrganize teaches to help students learn effectively.BWork out a few simple study tips for them t
62、o follow.CAsk them to use folders to keep their assignments.DOffer help before and while they do their homework.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Consider asking the schools student union to take on a study tips project.”可知学生会可以帮助制定一些简单的学习方面的建议让学生遵循。故B正确。8It is important for parents to be aware of their childrens
63、 learning style because .Aevery child has his/her own learning styleBit is the only way to learn about their childrenCall learning is a process which settles into certain stepsDit helps to know exactly what problems their children have答案D解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Becoming aware of your childs learning sty
64、le will help you understand why they sometimes get frustrated with common study methods.”可知了解你的孩子的学习方式可以帮助你了解孩子学习方面的问题。故D正确。9It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .Aparents should pay equal attention to every subjectBbad study habits are easy to develop but hard to get rid ofCtaking a “stu
65、dy skills” course is helpful to form good study habitsDhard work and motivation are two major factors in nurturing good study habits答案C解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第三句“If your childs study habits are weak，take a study skills course or have someone show him/her good study habits.”可知让孩子参加学习技巧课程或让他人展示一些好的学习习惯，有助于孩子
66、养成良好的学习习惯。故C正确。10The text is mainly written for .Aparents Bonline studentsCeducational workers Dthe public答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Becoming aware of your childs learning style will help you understand why they sometimes get frustrated with common study methods.”可知本文是写给父母亲的。故A正确。CAn Australian company，
67、Smart Car Technologies，has developed a system that lets drivers know when theyre speeding.When the technology becomes commercially available，it could help leadfooted drivers avoid tickets and also save lives.The company that developed the product hopes to convince Australian government agencies to p
68、ut the technology into use in their automobile fleets(车队)The product，called Speed Alarm，links realtime location data and speed obtained with the help of GPS to a database of posted speed limits stored in a drivers PDA or programmable mobile phone.The setup of the product does not need to be linked u
69、p to a cars speedometer(速度计)In fact，it is entirely portable.It will also work with newer phones and PDAs that have builtin GPS receivers.If a driver exceeds the speed limit，the speed is shown and an alarm sounds.Michael Paine，an Australian vehicle design engineer and traffic safety consultant，was hi
70、red to analyze the product.He told Live Science that his colleagues in the road safety field are “very enthusiastic” about what theyre now calling “intelligent speed alarm”Other research，according to Paine，shows that 40 percent of all traffic deaths involve speeding.There is also a potentially contr
71、oversial future use.“Since the system is so portable，it would be easy to make it a requirement for teenage drivers to always use a speed alarm device when driving，” Paine said.“The system even has the capability to record speeding violations，so parents can monitor their teenage drivers.”The product
72、will soon go on sale in Sydney.11Whats the purpose of the new product?ATo inform us of the new car system.BTo introduce some improvements in cars.CTo limit certain drivers to safe driving.DTo popularize the builtin car system.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段前两句“An Australian company，Smart Car Technologies，has develo
73、ped a system that lets drivers know when theyre speeding.When the technology becomes commercially available，it could help leadfooted drivers avoid tickets and also save lives.”可知，他们设计的系统是限制一些司机开车超速，即让他们在安全速度内驾驶。故C项正确。12The underlined part “leadfooted drivers” in Paragraph 1 refers to the ones .Awho
74、drive too carelesslyBthat drive extremely fastCwho are partly disabledDthat drive too slowly答案B解析词义猜测题。画线词所在句承接上一句，画线词与上一句中的“let drivers know when theyre speeding”相对应，即指“超速的司机”。故B项正确。13The second paragraph mainly talks about .Athe project of the builtin productBwhy the system becomes popularCthe fun
75、ctions of GPS in carsDhow the product is programmed答案D解析段落大意题。第二段主要讲述这种系统的工作原理及实际操作方式。故D项正确。14Which of the following is TRUE of Speed Alarm according to Michael Paine?AMost of the traffic deaths can be avoided.BSpeeding violations can be easily found out.CThe system will excite some teenage drivers.
76、DThe product will not be available for adults.答案B解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句“The system even has the capability to record speeding violations，so parents can monitor their teenage drivers.”可知，智能速度警报系统具有记录违章的功能，父母可以通过这个系统监控少年司机。故B项正确。15What can be the best title of the passage?ASpeed Alarm and Its Future UseBP
77、rogress in Carmaking ScienceCWarning for Adventurous DriversDA New InCar Device Against Speeding答案D解析标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了澳大利亚公司生产的一种新型的预防超速的车载智能装备。故D项正确。DTheres a whole lot of things that people fill their stomachs with.Some of them keep people alive.Some of them taste good to people.Some of them help peop
78、le win pieeating contests.Alcohol does none of those things.Why do people keep drinking it？And what does it do once it gets to their stomachs?There are all kinds of alcohol molecules(分子)，but the one that people most often pour down their throat is ethanol(乙醇)Ethanol is very tiny and it dissolves in
79、water，so it gets into all sorts of places that its not supposed to.Alcohol heads for the digestive system.Because it dissolves in water，it can get into the water in the bloodstream.Because ethanol，to a certain extent，can pass through cell membranes(膜)It can go almost anywhere.It spreads through the
80、muscles，and is sweatedunmetabolized(未经新陈代新的) and wholethrough the skin.It gets into the heart.It even takes a walk through the brain，and this is the secret of its powers.Alcohol depresses the nerves，and the nerves affect almost every area of the body.Enough alcohol makes people sleep，so people who b
81、ecome unconscious choke on their own vomit(呕吐物)Most worryingly，enough alcohol can shut down those parts of the brain just like any other parts.People become unconscious and their brains simply forget to breathe.Alcohol is broken down in the liver.Alcohol doesnt destroy the liver，but products that th
82、e liver breaks the alcohol into do cause damage.A glass of wine per day can not do any harm.Instead，it can prevent heart attacks or can make someone functionally young.And it is kind of nice to know that sometimes，relaxation and cheer can be bottled.All thats needed is to take care how much alcohol
83、is let into a persons brain.语篇解读喝酒是在人们生活中常见的事情，你知道喝酒后，酒精在人体中是怎么被消化吸收的吗？对人体各个器官的影响是什么？16How does the author introduce the topic of the text?ABy statement. BBy question.CBy arguing. DBy explaining.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段最后两句可知，作者通过提出两个问题引出话题。故B项正确。17Why can alcohol reach the brain?ABecause it can move through
84、 water molecules in the blood.BBecause it is small enough to get through any narrow space.CBecause it is so light that the bloodstream can transport it.DBecause it is absorbed only by the cells in the stomach.答案A解析细节理解题。由第二段第二、四、五句及最后两句可知，酒精溶于水分子渗透到血液中去，可以到达心脏和大脑。故A项正确。18Whats the main idea of Parag
85、raph 3?AAlcohol affects the work of the nerves.BAlcohol has an effect on peoples breath.CPeople are drunk when their brains get drunk.DDrinking too much is quite dangerous.答案D解析段落大意题。喝酒过量使人睡觉，容易造成睡眠中呕吐物窒息，还能造成部分大脑功能关闭，使人处于无意识状态，造成窒息。故D项正确。19From the passage，we can know .Amany people like a drink whe
86、n they feel relaxedBenough alcohol can control the brain activitiesCalcohol can damage the liver indirectlyDproper alcohol may lead to better sleep答案C解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一、二句可知酒精不会对肝脏造成损害，但酒精的分解产物对肝脏造成损害。故C项正确。20What suggestion does the author give on drinking alcohol?AControlling the time of drinking.BCo
87、ntrolling the amount of drinking.CChoosing the kind of drink.DChoosing the place of drinking.答案B解析细节理解题。由最后一段最后一句“All thats needed is to take care how much alcohol is let into a persons brain.”可知，控制饮酒的数量能对人有好处，故B项正确。题组2(社会生活人物故事时文报道科普知识)AWhile nature lovers across the world wish all humans to realiz
88、e the significance of their natural surroundings，many Australians are turning caring for the environment into a way of life.Julie Astonis，an Australian housewife in Brisbane is one such example.Even though autumn is approaching Australias Brisbane in April，one can still watch colorful blooming(盛开的)
89、flowers in Julies little garden，as she tells that in her community，“Each of us has a beautiful yard.The whole community，from children to elderly people，takes care of the environment as if they are taking care of their own garden.”“Gardening is the most popular club in our community，” she says.“A lot
90、 of retired people dont just regularly organize gardening lectures，but also personally visit families in the community to provide gardening training.So you can see that flowers continue to blossom in our gardens throughout the year.”Talking about her peoples sense of caring for the environment，Julie
91、 says when people in the community take along their dog，they always carry a garbage bag to deal with the dogs waste.“In our community，you will never experience the embarrassment of stepping on the dirty waste while you are walking on the grass，” says Julie with a smile.“Taking care of the dogs waste
92、 can also help to develop childrens sense of responsibility！”As to protecting water resources，the Australian government has made strict rules for families.Julie says，“We certainly would not use tap water to water the flowers！” She says almost every family in her community has a huge tank used to sto
93、re rainwater，which is later used as the resource of all outdoor water use，including car washing and watering the garden.This year，they also asked people to connect the water tank with their toilets.1From the first three paragraphs we learn that .Agardening is popular in most parts of AustraliaBApril
94、 is a great time for people to enjoy flowersCits not easy to keep a garden without proper trainingDJulies community has a deep sense of caring for nature答案D解析主旨大意题。由第二段特别是最后一句话可知，整个社区对爱护环境有着深刻的理解。2Why can flowers be seen all year round in Julies community?AGardening lessons are often given by profes
95、sors.BFamilies are taught how to take care of their gardens.CThe local government provides free gardening training.DThere is enough rainwater to water the flowers regularly.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段可知，退休的人不仅定期组织园艺培训，而且亲自拜访社区家庭提供园艺培训。这是该社区一年鲜花不断的原因。3What do we know about Julie from Paragraph 4?AShe takes pride
96、 in her community.BShe once stepped on a dogs waste.CShe is quite in favor of raising a dog.DShe finds it embarrassing to walk on the grass.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段“In our community，you will never experience the embarrassment of stepping on the dirty waste while you are walking on the grass”可知，Julie 为自己的社区感
97、到自豪，人们出行都带着垃圾袋来处理狗狗的粪便，因此不用担心散步会踩到狗狗的粪便。故选A。4From what Julie says in the last paragraph，we know .Arainwater is not the best resourceBher community owns a public tankCher community makes full use of resourcesDit is not necessary to water flowers very often答案C解析推理判断题。根据“.a huge tank used to store rain
98、water.”可知，人们储存雨水来浇花、冲厕所等，说明人们充分利用资源。故选C。5What would be the best title for the text?ALove Nature，the Australian WayBHow Australians Save ResourcesCHow Australians Lead Their LifeDProtect Nature，a Must of Life答案A解析标题归纳题。文章第一段“.many Australians are turning caring for the environment into a way of life.
99、”点题，主要讲的是一些澳大利亚人把爱护环境变成一种生活方式的做法。故选A。BEnrique Iglesias is a most successful singer! Born in 1975 in Madrid，Spain，Enrique is the child of the famous singer Julio Iglesias.Enriques mother is a journalist.His parents divorced in 1978.Although Enrique lived with his mother，she sent him to live with his
100、father because of concerns about her sons safety.Enrique wanted to be a singer secretly，he didnt wish his father to know that and didnt want to live under his shelter.He sought his dream on his own.Enrique released(发行) his first album “Enrique Iglesias” in 1995.This album had a collection of rock ba
101、llads(民谣) and five singles from it went straight to the top spots in Latin music.This album was followed by another “Vivir” in 1997.Three singles from this album occupied the top spots on the Latin charts yet again! Enrique also found himself nominated(提名) for the “Favorite Latin Artist” at the Amer
102、ican Music Awards.By 1998，he had released his 3rd album，“Cosas Del Amor”This year Enrique won the “Favorite Latin Artist”“Bailamos” got him great fame.One of the songs in this album was also used in a movie.With the success of “Bailamos”，Enrique now already had many loyal fans.The album，“Enrique”，wa
103、s released in 1999.The year 2001 brought more success for him.His album，“Escape” had a few singles that reached the top spots.Enrique became a household name.This album is his biggest successful album so far.“Hero” and “Dont Turn Off the Lights” soon turned Enrique into a super star.His next release
104、 in 2002 was a Spanish album “Quizas”This album brought Enrique a “Latin Grammy Award” for the Best Pop Vocal Album.In 2007，he released another album “Insomniac” and the song “Do You Know” became an instantly popular song.语篇解读本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历。6After his parents divorced，Enrique was sent to h
105、is fathers because .Ahe could be protected from some dangersBhe could learn singing from his talented fatherChis mother would be able to focus on her careerDhis father could teach him how to behave correctly答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Enriques mother is a journalist.”及第五句“Although Enrique lived with his mot
106、her，she sent him to live with his father because of concerns about her sons safety.”可知他的母亲是个记者，他被送到父亲那里，是因为母亲担心儿子的安全问题。故选A项。7Enrique didnt tell his father about his dreaming of becoming a singer because he .Awanted to try a new singing styleBhated his father for his carelessnessCdidnt want to benefi
107、t from his fathers fameDplanned to give his father a surprise when he succeeded答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Enrique wanted to be a singer secretly，he didnt wish his father to know that and didnt want to live under his shelter.”可知选C项。8Which of the following albums has a song adopted in a movie?A“Vivir”B“Bai
108、lamos”C“Enrique Iglesias”D“Cosas Del Amor”答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This year Enrique won the “Favorite Latin Artist”“Bailamos” got him great fame.One of the songs in this album was also used in a movie.”可知“Bailamos这张专辑让他成名，这张专辑中的一首歌被用在电影中，故选B项。9The third paragraph is developed mainly by .Afollowing the or
109、der of his albums influenceBanalyzing the style of his albumsCmaking comparisons of his albumsDfollowing the order of time答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段提到的时间状语，可知是按时间排列，故选D项。10What would be the best title for the passage?AEnrique Iglesias Lucky LifeBBiography of Enrique IglesiasCEnrique Iglesias Secret to Success
110、DEnrique Iglesias Wonderful Singing Skills答案B解析标题归纳题。本文讲述了西班牙歌手安立奎伊格莱希亚斯的个人经历，故选B项。CThe London Eye 4D Film Experience started in August and is included in the London Eye ticket price.It is a fantastic 4D film to entertain you before your trip on the London Eye.The 4D effects are great.No Extra Cost
111、to YouThats right；you buy your ticket for the London Eye and 4D cinema experience.Merlin Entertainments，the London Eye owners，spent 5 million creating the film and building the 4D cinema and wanted to improve the value for money of the London Eye.What to ExpectThe 4D Cinema entrance is in the ticket
112、 hall.So after buying your ticket，go straight to it，where youll be given a pair of glasses.About 160 visitors will pass through the 4D cinema every 8 minutes so dont worry about waiting time.People in the bright pink cinema are all standing on four levels.The top level is designed for wheelchairs.Lo
113、ndon Eye 4D FilmPut on your glasses and enjoy yourself.The story is about a little girl visiting London with her father and she wants to be higher to get a better view so she comes to the London Eye.It differs from watching the 3D film for all your senses are involved.When it snows on screen，you fee
114、l it snows in the cinema.And when you watch the fireworks，you can really smell them.For a short film，less than four minutes，before the main attraction you think youve come for，you are going to love this free extra.I stood there with my mouth wide open at the end as many others did.Its fantastic! The
115、 effects are the Hollywood standard as no expense is spared.I was lucky enough to try the film three times on the first day and I still want to go back again.语篇解读文章主要向读者介绍了伦敦眼的4D电影的乐趣。11What does the author mainly tell us in this passage?AHe mainly introduces the 4D film of Merlin Entertainments.BHe
116、 mainly introduces the London Eye entertainment centre.CHe mainly tells us his experiences while creating the 4D film.DHe mainly introduces to us how to take part in the 4D film.答案A解析主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了伦敦眼的4D电影体验。故选A。12Why did the Merlin Entertainments build the 4D film cinema?ABecause it wanted to attrac
117、t more visitors to London.BBecause it wanted to increase the value of the London Eye.CBecause it could provide more entertainments for visitors.DBecause it could earn more money from the public in the UK.答案B解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“.wanted to improve the value for money of the London Eye”可推知，该活动是为了使人们参观伦敦眼所花的
118、钱更加物有所值而设置的。13Where could people get into the 4D film cinema?AUnder the London Eye. BIn the Hollywood.CIn the ticket hall. DIn the ticket centre.答案C解析细节理解题。由第三段第一句话可知，4D电影院的入口在售票大厅。14While seeing a 4D film，people will feel .Agreatly frightenedBmuch worriedCsweet smellDas if they were on the scene答案D
119、解析推理判断题。由第四段后两句话可推知，4D电影会让你有身临其境的感觉。15According to the passage，a 4D film probably lasts about .A4 seconds B8 secondsC4 minutes D8 minutes答案C解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一句话可知，4D电影大约持续4分钟。DSome hearing loss is a commonand nearly unavoidableeffect of aging.A third of people aged 60 and older have lost some of their
120、ability to hear.But some research suggests a habit that might help offset the effect of aging on hearing.A study found that among middleaged adults，being a lifelong musician was connected with better hearing later in life.“The instrument you play does not seem to be important here，” says Nina Kraus，
121、a biologist.“It is really the act of engagement playing the instrument that matters.”Participants in the study were between ages 45 and 65.Researchers tested 18 musicians who had been playing an instrument since age nine or younger，and 19 nonmusicians who had less than three years of music training.
122、The musicians had statistically better auditory memory scores and tested better at hearing speech in noisy environment.They also showed better auditory processing abilities，which relate to how people interpret speech sounds.However，the two groups tied when researchers tested visual working memory sk
123、ills.“It isnt as though musical training has a volume knob effect that makes all kinds of sensory processing enhanced in the same manner，” Kraus says.“It focuses on auditory skill.”The latest findings follow earlier research from Kraus that showed musician in a younger age group had better hearing s
124、kills.However，some research has shown that musicians who play in large ensembles(合奏) may face an occupational risk when it comes to their hearing.Does this effect apply to the guy who plays in a community band one night a week？Kraus says no.To be included in the study，musicians were required to have
125、 engaged in musical activitiespracticing，teaching or performingat least three times a week.“What we do with our time and how we engage our senses and our thinking seems to really shape the people we become in very basic waysin ways that affect how our series work，” she says.And，Kraus says，a person d
126、oesnt need to be an Itzhak Perlman or a YoYo Ma to experience the effects.Talent，she says，isnt a factor.Kraus says that more research needs to be done to see whether receiving music instruction later in life might have the same benefits.语篇解读最新研究结果表明弹奏音乐可能有助于抵消年老听力损失这一影响。16Your hearing will be improv
127、ed by .Awhat kind of instrument you playBwhat sort of music you playCwhether you involve yourself with playing the instrumentDhow long you have learned music playing答案C解析推理判断题。由第三段可推知，重要的是参与演奏音乐活动，与音乐种类、乐器类型和学习音乐时间长短无关。17A musician is NOT better than others in .Agetting better auditory memory scored
128、Bhearing speech in noisy environmentsCinterpreting speech soundsDprocessing visual work memory答案D解析推理判断题。由第五段第一句话可知，两组参加实验者在“视力记忆技能”项打成了平手。18The underlined phrase “an occupational risk” may refer to .Athe danger of hearing lossBthe possibility of losing a jobCthe trouble of playing musicDthe harm of
129、 hearing skills答案A解析词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的“However”可知，该句与前句相反，所以画线词意为“听力丧失的危险”。19It can be inferred Perlman and YoYo Ma are the names of .Ainstruments BmusiciansCsongs Dmusic答案B解析推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，我们不需要成为像有音乐天赋的两位音乐家Itzhak Perlman和YoYo Ma一样的人。20The main idea of the text is that .Aenjoying music will do good to your healthBlearning music may promote your hearing skillsCplaying an instrument may help preserve hearingDlistening to music can prevent you from aging答案C解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲最新研究结果表明弹奏音乐可能有助于抵消年老听力损失这一影响。
