1、Advance With English 英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下:英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:基本句型一:+(主谓)(主谓)基本句型
2、二:基本句型二:+(主系表)(主系表)基本句型三:基本句型三:+(主谓宾)(主谓宾)基本句型四:基本句型四:+IO+IO+(主谓间宾直宾)(主谓间宾直宾)基本句型五:基本句型五:+(主谓宾宾补)(主谓宾宾补)基本句型一+(主谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。(不及物动词)1.Time 2.The man3.We all 4.Everybody 5.I 6.They 7.He 8.He9.Theyflies.cooked.eat,and drink.Laughed.work hard.talked f
3、or half an hour.walked yesterday is playinghave gone基本句型二+(主系表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的 be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的 remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的 become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;(是系动词)
4、(表语)1.This 2.The dinner3.He 4.Everything5.He 6.The book 7.The weather 8.His faceis smells(闻)fell looks is is becameturned an English dictionary.good.happy.different.tall and strong.interesting.warmer.red.基本句型 三+(主谓宾)此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。(实义动词
5、)(宾语)1.Who2.He 3.He 4.They 5.I 6.He knows understands made ate want said the answer?English.cakes.some apples.a cup of tea.Good morning.基本句型 四+IO+(主谓间宾直宾)此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。(及物)(多指人)(多指物)1.She2.She 3.He
6、8.He 5.I 6.I 7.I 4.Hepassed cooked brought bought showed gave told showedhimher husband you her him him mea new dress.a delicious meal.a dictionary.nothing.my pictures.a hand.how to run the machine.that the bus was late.基本句型 五+(主谓宾宾补)此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
7、可以用做宾补的有:名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等。(及物)(宾语)(宾补)1.We 2.They3.They4.What 5.We 6.He 7.I keep painted found makes saw asked sawthe table the door the house him him me themclean.green.dirty.a president?out.to come back soon.getting on the bus.(二)1.They work hard.1.They work hard.主主+谓谓 2.The flower is dead
8、.2.The flower is dead.主主+系系+表表 3.Plants need water.3.Plants need water.主主+谓谓+宾宾 4.He gives me some seeds.4.He gives me some seeds.主主+谓谓+直宾直宾+间宾间宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade.5.We should keep the plants in the shade.主主+谓谓+宾宾+宾补宾补 6.Many animals live in trees.6.Many animals live in trees.主主+谓谓