1、哈尔滨市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（3）及答案As computer games get to look more lifelike, it seems that their violence is spilling over into real life. It is reported that some dozens of children have been murdered since 1997, which has been linked to all obsession (着迷) with violent video games. Recently the pare
2、nts of a 14-year-old murder victim in the UK blamed the killers obsession with the game Manhunt, causing a government review of legislation (立法) to protect children.Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies. Firstly, players are
3、actively involved in violence, and may begin to see using weapons as second nature. Secondly, violent games provide repetitive aggressive (侵犯的) experiences that are rewarded by more killing.Many studies have shown that people who play violent games regularly are more likely to show high levels of ag
4、gression. For instance, in 2000, scientists in Iowa State University found that people who played violent games were more likely to admit involvement in aggressive behaviors, including assaults (侵犯人体罪) or robberies.A study of 13 to 14-year-old children showed that more than half had played games rec
5、ommended only for over18s. The more violent the games they played, the more they considered physical aggression to be acceptable. Besides, children who play violent games are more prone (有做倾向的) to arguing with teachers and fighting.Experimental studies have also hinted at a possible link. In one, sc
6、ientists asked a group of students to play a violent game, while another group played the nonviolent. Those who played the violent games were faster to react to aggressive words subsequently (随后) flashed on screen.49. We may infer from the first paragraph that .A. computer games have little to do wi
7、th violence in real lifeB. Manhunt has resulted in the death of one of its playsC. lifelike computer games are forbidden in the UKD. legislation to protect children in the UK still needs improving50. Violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies because .A. violent movies are not so
8、 attractive to childrenB. the viewers cant take part in violent moviesC. violent movies are not popular with childrenD. children can win awards in violent games51. What will be probably discussed in the paragraph following the passage？A. Further research on the harm of violent games.B. Further diffe
9、rences between violent game and nonviolent games.C. Ways to protect children from violent games.D. The result of more experimental studies.52. What would be the best title for the passage？A. Games and MurderB. Should Computer Games become lifelike？C. Legislation, effective or not？D. Violent Games an
10、d Nonviolent Games *结束动词和动词词组热点2 常见动词近义词辨析常见动词近义词很多，有必要掌握以下常见词类：1.关于win, defeat, beat和gain(1)win作“赢”讲时，其宾语常是：war, battle, game, match, argument, a victory, the prize,100 yuan, a race, honor for, the praise, the first place等，而不能是表示人的名词。(2) beat及物动词，后面的宾语是“对手”，表示结果。如：beat sb. in 在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人。beat hi
11、m at table tennis在乒乓球赛中击败他(3)defeat sb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手。强调暂时行为。如：defeat the enemy in the war在战争中击败敌人(4)gain及物动词，表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”。如：gain experience/wealth/a reputation/the time/the marks/the rank/the prize/ones respect/success/knowledge/ones living/happiness/a salary/an honor。典例1Our basketball team_
12、 theirs by a score of 100:98.A. won B. defeat C. beat D. gained解析 C近义词辨析题。根据win不和theirs(their teams)搭配；defeat与sb.连接；gain常有“获得”，也不与theirs搭配。只有beat与“（击败的）对手”搭配，强调结果，故选C。2.关于fit, suit和match(1)fit作及物动词，表示“适合、配上、合身”。如：This coat fits her nicely.这件外套非常合适。The key doesnt fit the lock,这把钥匙不合这把锁。（2）作形容词，表示“适合、
13、健康”常构成be fit for 。如：He is fit for the job,他适合这份工作。The water is fit to drink.这水适合喝。（3）作不及物动词，表示“吻合、合身”。如：Does the coat fit?这件大衣合身吗？（4）suit作适合，常强调颜色、款式等适合某人，而fit则强调大小合身。如：That color doesnt suit your complexion(肤色)。这颜色不适合你的肤色。（5）match表示“在（品质、颜色、设计等方面）与相配”。如：Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配。典
14、例2The red tie you bought doesnt _my coat.A. fit B. fit for C. suit D. match解析D 近义词辨析题目。fit作及物动词，表示大小合身；作不及物动词，强调“吻合”；作形容词，则须用be fit for; suit 强调“款式合适”，只有match强调“与匹配”。故选D。3.关于cost, spend, take和pay(1)从意义上讲，都可表示“花钱”。如：“我花10元钱买衬衣”。这一句话可有四种翻译：The shirt cost me ten yuan.I spent ten yuan on the shirt.It to
15、ok me ten yuan to buy the shirt.I paid ten yuan for the shirt.(2)结构搭配上的不同spend的主语只能是人。常用结构：sb. +spend(s)+time/money on sth./in doing sth.cost的主语只能是指事或物的名词、代词或名词性短语。常用结构：sth. +cost(s)+ sb. +time/moneytake的主语多为指物的名词。常用结构：It + takes +time/ money +to do sth.pay的主语是人，为买某物而付钱。常用结构：sb. +pay(s)+ money +for
16、sth.典例3 I _the coat in the supermarket for 260yuan.A. cost B. paid C. pent D. bought解析 D近义词辨析题。用cost,则主谓搭配不当；用pay，则260 yuan作宾语；用spend,则与for 260 yuan搭配不当；应选用buy,其用法和搭配均与句意吻合。4.关于hurt, wound, injure和harm(1)hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。如：Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许
17、多人受了伤。（2）wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。（3）injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。如：There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。（4）harm: 表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。如：Our dog wont harm you.我们的狗不会伤害你的。Getting up early wont harm yo
18、u!早起对你没有坏处。典例4There was an unexpected explosion in our street, but our building wasnt_ at all .A. hurt B. wounded C. harmed D. injured解析 C 近义词辨析题目。hurt强调“精神或肉体上的疼痛”；wound强调“刀、枪伤”；harm强调“危害、损失”；injure强调“意外伤害”。名意为：我们住的街道发生了一次意外的爆炸事故，但我们的大楼却丝毫没有受损。故用harmed合句意。重点 1 两种常错常考的可作谓语的动词1.几组拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词hang h
19、anged hanged(绞死) lay laid laid(放置)hang hung hung(悬挂) lie lied lied(说慌) lie lay lain(平卧)find found found(发现) fall fell fallen(跌倒)found founded founded(建立) fell felled felled(砍伐、击倒) fail failed failed（失败）典例1 The carpet where he _was warm and comfortable, so he slept soundly.A. was laying B. was lying
20、C. had laid D.了had lied解析 B 易混淆词辨析题。动词lay表示“搁置、放”时，现在分词为laying,过去分词为laid；而lie作“躺”讲时，现在分词为lying,过去分词为lain，如其过去分词为lied,则含义为“撒谎”。此处为“躺的地方”，故用was lying。2.实为及物动词却常被误为不及物动词enter(误为enter into) marry(误为marry with)reach(误为reach to) mention(误为mention about)serve(误为serve for) address(误为address to)approach(误为ap
21、proach with) salute(误为salute to)fit(误为fit for) benefit (误为benefit to)典例2She _John to get away from her step-mother.A. married B. married with C. married to D. was married解析A此句中的marry表示“嫁给”，为及物动词，可直接带宾语。AAbout 1966 or so, a NASA（美国宇航局）team doing work for the Apollo moon mission（阿波罗登月计划）took the astro
22、nauts near Tuba City. There the land of the Navajo Reservation looks very much like the lunar surface. Among all the trucks and large vehicles were two large figures that were dressed in full lunar space suits.Nearby, a Navajo shepherd (牧羊人) and his son were watching the strange creatures walk about
23、, occasionally being watched over by other NASA workers. The two Navajo people were noticed and approached by the NASA people. Since the shepherd and his son did not know English, they asked the NASA people who the strange creatures were. The NASA people told them that they were just men that were g
24、etting ready to go to the moon. The shepherd became very excited and asked if he could send a message to the moon with the astronauts.The NASA officials thought this was a great idea so they provided a tape recorder. After the man gave them his message, they asked his son to translate. His son would
25、 not.Later, they tried a few more people on the Navajo Reservation to translate and every person they asked would chuckle (偷偷地笑) and then refuse to translate. Finally, with cash in hand someone translated the message, “Watch out for these guys, they have come to take your land!” 56. The appearance o
26、f the Navajo Reservation is very similar to that of _.A. the Tuba CityB. the moonC. the NASA research centerD. the Apollo moon mission57. When the older Navajo heard that the men in front of him were going to the moon, he _.A. felt frightened and ran away quicklyB. chatted excitedly with the NASA wo
27、rkersC. got on the modern trucks and large vehicles for funD. tried to say something to the moon creatures58. The son did not translate the words his father said because _.A. he had trouble in understanding his father B. the words his father used were too difficult to be translatedC. his father was
28、sending a warning against the NASA peopleD. he believed that the NASA workers could understand their language59. According to this passage, we can know that the shepherd was _.A. patient and braveB. foolish and impoliteC. humorous and intelligentD. knowledgeable and talkative参考答案5659 BDCC *结束NorwayT
29、en Chinese college students arrived at the countrys Arctic research base, the Yellow River Station, on Friday.On Saturday, the students are expected to witness the end of four months of darkness in the area, as the sun makes a rare appearance.During their fourday stay at the station, the students wi
30、ll meet and learn from some of Chinas leading polar researchers. They were welcomed at the station yesterday by its director, He Jianfeng, who is an expert on marine microecosystems(海洋微生态系统)The students will also visit the German and Norwegian stations and meet researchers there.As for entertainment
31、，the visitors will get the chance to play ice hockey at the worlds most northerly stadium.Among the visitors is Zheng Li, a student majoring in telecommunications at Dalian Marinetime University.“It is so exciting to see how the Chinese researchers work in the worlds most northerly laboratory，”she s
32、aid.“This opportunity is precious.Most people will never get the chance to travel so far from home and visit such an amazing place.Its a onceinalifetime thing.”Wu Jinyou, head of the Polar Research Institute of China, and the groups leader, said, “I hope the students have not only a field trip to th
33、e Yellow River Station, but are also touched by the devotion and spirit of the Chinese researchers here. I also expect in the future, some of them will choose to devote themselves to polar research and maybe even work with us.”The students have been in Norway since February 28, and were given Arctic
34、 training before moving to the station.The Arctic expedition is one of the several international cooperation and exchange activities forming the China Program for International Polar Year(20072008). It was launched last March.(China Daily, Xinhua News Agency, March 8, 2008)5Which of the following is
35、 TRUE about Wu Jinyou?AHe is a graduate from Dalian Marinetime University.BHe is the leading polar researcher working at the research station.CHe is sure that all the ten students will make good polar researchers.DHe thinks highly of the devotion and spirit of the Chinese researchers.6What does Zhen
36、g Li mean by saying “Its a onceinalifetime thing”？AIts exciting to see the sunrise in Arctic area.BThe trip to the research station is extremely exciting.CPlaying ice hockey in Arctic area is really a lifelong memory.DPeople are only allowed to visit the station once in their lifetime.7Which word ca
37、n most probably replace the underlined word “launched”？Aended BstoppedCstarted Dperformed8What could be the best title of the news report?AChinese Students Arrive at the Arctic Station.BChinese Students Do Research in Norway.CChinese Students Play Ice Hockey at Arctic Station.DChinese Students Recei
38、ve Training at Arctic Station.答案本文讲述10个中国大学生在南极考察站参观学习的四天里的经历和体验。南极考察站之一的黄河站给他们留下了深刻的印象。5D。细节理解题。A项是Zheng Li而非Wu Jinyou；B项依据倒数第三段第一句话可知错误；C项本身叙述错误。依据文章倒数第三段中Wu Jinyou说的第一句话可知D项正确。6B。细节推断题。依据“It is so exciting to see how the Chinese researchers work in the worlds most northerly laboratory”及“Most peop
39、le will never get the chance to travel so far from home and visit such an amazing place”这两句中的exciting及amazing可知B项正确。7C。词义推断题。语境是：南极考察活动是中国为国际极地年策划的众多国际合作与交流活动的一项。国际极地年从去年三月开始。由此可知C项正确。8A。主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了一个事实：中国学生到达了南极考察站。其他的所有内容都是围绕着他们到达南极站后展开的，故A项作为标题最合理。B项未提及；C项只是学生活动中的一项，不是主要内容；D项文章未提及。 Knowin
40、g the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. Learning to study is not difficult.The first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. It doesnt mean that you must always like the subject. It does mean, h
41、owever, that you must be wil1ing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. Knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. Someti
42、mes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. Learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them. Heres some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for
43、study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions (中断); have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things;
44、 when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview. Dont try to spend a lot of time researching learning methods. There are many students who know many good learning methods but d
45、ont study well. They forget that the most useful learning method is to study hard.60. The main purpose of the article is_.A. to prove that learning is not difficultB. to make the readers be interested in studyC. to tell the importance of self teachingD. to tell the students how to study well61. The
46、first thing to remember in studying is that _.A. you must like the subjectB. you must follow the teacherC. you must enjoy learningD. you must study hard62. Among the following statements, _is true.A. The more learning methods we have, the better we will study.B. Finding the best learning method is the most important in learning.C. Knowing good methods, you cant be good at study without working hard.D. Once we have mastered a good learning method, we can improve our study greatly.参考答案 60-62 DCC
