1、Unit 4Global warming Section Grammarit的用法()一、it引导强调句型1强调句型的基本结构：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分(1)此结构中it没有具体意义，只是引出被强调部分。(2)此强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。(3)强调时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等时要用that而不能用when, where, because。(4)被强调的成分是表示人的词时用who/that，而被强调部分是物时只能用that。如：It is my mother that/who reminds me to get up on time every
2、 day.每天都是我妈妈提醒我按时起床。It was Mr Smith who/that/whom he turned to for help.他是向史密斯先生求助的。It was in the museum that I first saw this old ancient vase.我是在博物馆里第一次见到这个古花瓶的。It is every Sunday that they get together to have a good time.每个星期天他们聚在一起来度过愉快的时光。It was by train that they travelled to Tibet last summe
3、r.去年夏天他们乘火车去了西藏。2强调句型的时态：(1)如果原句中谓语动词的时态是现在或将来时间范畴的时态(如一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，强调句型的时态为It is被强调部分that/who其他成分。(2)如果原句中谓语动词为过去时间范畴的时态(如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，强调句型的时态为It was被强调部分that/who其他成分。如：A meeting will be held next week in the meeting room.It is next week that a meeting
4、will be held in the meeting room.We go to work every day by bus.It is by bus that we go to work every day.The couple have got separated from each other recently.It is recently that the couple have got separated from each other.They bought an expensive apartment the other day.It was the other day tha
5、t they bought an expensive apartment.When they arrived at the airport, the plane had already left.It was when they arrived at the airport that the plane had already left.3强调句型的疑问形式：(1)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他成分？(2)强调句型的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/was itthat/who其他成分？如：Is it in the dining hall that they
6、will hold a party?他们将在这家餐厅举行宴会吗？Is it Professor Li who will come to our school to give us a speech?是李教授要来我们学校给我们做演讲吗？Was it last month that they had an important examination?他们是上个月进行了一次重要考试吗？When is it that they are going to leave for Paris?他们打算何时动身去巴黎？How was it that they got to the top of that hig
7、h mountain?他们是如何到达那座高山的山顶的？4not.until.在强调句型中的运用：当被强调的是not.until句型时，应将not与until部分一起进行强调，即构成“It is/was not until.that.”结构。由于not已经前移，that后应用肯定句式。如：He didnt come back until the next year.It was not until the next year that he came back.They will not leave here until they finish the project.It is not unt
8、il they finish the project that they will leave here.巧学助记强调结构记忆口诀it强调并不难，that总是在中间。除了谓语不用管，主、宾、表、状都提前。否定转移必考题，否定强调难为你。疑问强调莫忽视，高考场上要牢记。深化点拨强调句型的几个注意事项：(1)在强调句型中，若强调原句中的主语，that/who后的谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语的单复数形式一致。如：The little boy has broken a window of the old lady.It is the little boy who/that has broken a
9、 window of the old lady.His friends are planning to attend his party to be held tomorrow.It is his friends that/who are planning to attend his party to be held tomorrow.(2)强调句型的特殊疑问形式用于主从复合句中的名词性从句时，其语序应用陈述语序。如：What is it that they will do next?Do you know what it is that they will do next?Why was i
10、t that they went to that village last week?Can you tell me why it was that they went to that village last week?(3)强调句型与定语从句相结合，若强调句型中的被强调部分含有定语从句，注意要对定语从句引导词及强调句型中的that做出正确的判断。如：It was last spring when they worked together that they became good friends.(when引导定语从句)正是在他们一起工作的去年的春天里，他们成了好朋友。It was in
11、the school where they had their schooling that they had a gettogether again twenty years later.(where引导定语从句)正是在他们曾接受教育的学校里，他们20年后又聚在了一起。二、it的习惯用法1it的习惯用语(1)How is it with your study?你的学习怎么样？(2)We must fight it out.我们必须奋战到底。(3)I cant help it.我没有办法。(4)It went hard with him.他身遭不幸。(5)It is all over with
12、 me.我完蛋了。(6)You got it!你猜对了！/你答对了！(7)Thank you！I can manage it.谢谢你！我能行。(8)I hope we can make it.我希望我们能成功。2it指代时间的常用句型(1)It be时间段since.如：It is five years since he left here.他离开这儿已有5年了。It is five years since she graduated.她毕业已经5年了。(2)It be时间段before.如：It was some time before I realized the truth.过了一段时间
13、我才了解到真相。(3)It is/was时间when定语从句。如：It was midnight when we got home.我们到家时已是半夜。.句型转换(强调下列各句中的黑体部分)1Have they decided to give up their chance to work for the company?Is it their chance to work for the company that they have decided to give up?2Not what you said but what you did matters much.It is not wh
14、at you said but what you did that matters much.3Where did the police find their missing child?Where was it that the police found their missing child?4They didnt leave to travel until they finished the work.It was not until they finished the work that they left to travel.5In the city where they spent
15、 their holiday, they had a quarrel for the first time.It was in the city where they spent their holiday that they had a quarrel for the first time.在句中空白处填入1个适当的单词1It is not who is right but what is right that is of importance.2I just wonder what it is that makes him so excited.3It was along the Miss
16、issippi River that Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.4Ive read another book this week.Well, maybe it is not how much you read but what you read that counts.5What do you think of the job of teaching, Bob?I find it fun and challenging. It is a job where you are doing something serious but interesting.
