1、高效作业9 Period Writing(见学生用书P117).阅读理解ASeveral recent studies examine how machine automation and artificial intelligence(AI) will change the future of work.Some researchers predict these technologies could replace up to 30 percent of workers worldwide by 2030. The risk of being replaced will greatly i
2、ncrease for workers with less education, said Price Waterhouse Coopers, an international company providing financial and tax services. It estimated that in Britain, up to 46 percent of workers without a college degree could be at risk due to automation. This would drop to about 12 percent for worker
3、s with undergraduate degrees of higher.“New smart machines have the possibility to replace our minds and to move around freely in the world，” the study said. It added that the greatest job replacement is expected to come in the areas of transportation, storage, manufacturing and retail.The Rand Corp
4、oration recently issued its own report on the future effects of automation and AI on jobs and the workplace. Sonde Osoba was a coauthor of the report. He noted that fears over machines taking jobs from humans go back centuries. He agrees there will be major job disruptions due to AI and automation,
5、especially for lower skilled workers. But he believes the future problems have been overestimated without historical evidence to support the predictions. “Its not so much that the jobs are getting replaced, but its more likely tasks are getting replaced and jobs are reconfiguring over time to accoun
6、t for that automation.” He added that it would be very difficult for companies to completely automate most jobs, because they require a worker to perform many different duties and to react to unexpected situations.“If you are thinking about things, an individual might do to prepare themselves, I gue
7、ss being more adaptable, being more flexible and being able to reeducate yourself to fit into a different job are important，” Sonde Osoba suggests.(B)1According to the whole passage, who are most likely to lose their jobs?AOfficers in governments.BDeliverers in milk companies.CScientists in laborato
8、ries.DTeachers in colleges and universities.(C)2Whats Sonda Osobas opinion about the job replacement in the near future?AMany more jobs will be replaced as time goes by.BPeople could do nothing in the face of the job replacement.CPeople are too worried about it since there is a lack of proof of the
9、job replacement.DCompanies will completely automate some jobs by using machines instead of workers.(A)3What is the best title of the passage?AAutomation and AI: How to Change the Future JobBFuture Workers: What to Do to Keep the JobCJob Replacement: Who Is to BlameDNew Studies: Who Is to Replace the
10、 Future Job答案及解析：【语篇解读】文章介绍了最近的几项研究探讨了机器自动化和人工智能将如何改变未来的工作。 1B推理判断题。由第二段可知，对于受教育程度较低的工人来说，被取代的可能性将大大增加，根据语境和常识可知，因受教育程度较低，牛奶公司的送货员最有可能失业，故选B。2C细节理解题。由倒数第二段“he believes the future problems have been overestimated without historical evidence to support the predictions”可知，Sonda Osoba认为缺乏替代工作的证据，人们过于担心了
11、。故选C。3A主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Several recent studies examine how machine automation and artificial intelligence(AI) will change the future of work.(最近的几项研究探讨了机器自动化和人工智能将如何改变未来的工作)”可知，本文主要讲述的是最近的几项研究探讨了机器自动化和人工智能将如何改变未来的工作。文章还说明了未来可能失业的工人类型，介绍了一份关于自动化和人工智能未来对工作和工作场所的影响的报告。故可知A选项“自动化和人工智能：如何取代未来的工作”最适合作为文章标
12、题，故选A。BA “smart city” that features pedestrians, green spaces and selfdriving vehicles will be built in Shenzhen and its construction is scheduled to start later in 2022. It will be a model that could be applied to other urban developments after the coronavirus, the projects architect said.The ambit
13、ious citywithinacity, called “Net City”， will be a 2 million square metre neighbourhood in the southeastern city of Shenzhen, consisting of Tencent offices and residences for its employees, as well as public entertainment venues and parks.“With fewer streets for cars, green garden roofs on buildings
14、 and the use of artificial intelligence (AI), Net City is a model for the future of city building，” said Jonathan Ward, a design partner at NBBJ, a United Statesbased architecture firm.“This moment strengthens the need to think about designing spaces, buildings and. plentiful indoor/outdoor spaces w
15、hich are good for overall human health, perhaps even more so during a pandemic，” Ward said.Besides, NBBJ considers a more environmentallyfriendly lifestyle with rooftop solar panels and welldesigned systems for capturing and reusing waste water. Planners also looked at projects for future sea level
16、rises to ensure that buildings are better protected against climate change.“The city will use technologies such as artificial intelligence，” Ward said. “Mangroves(红树) and other naturebased features will also be employed, for example, to help mitigate the impacts of climate change.”Smart cities are a
17、 part of Chinas plan to recover growth amongst a global economic downturn, authorities said in March. More than 500 smart cities are being built across China, according to government data, equipped with sensors, cameras, and other devices that can collect data on everything from traffic and pollutio
18、n to public health and security.(C)4What can be learnt about the Net City?AIt will be completed in 2022.BIt is just a city model in conception.CIts an example of city development.DIt lies in northeastern Shenzhen.(B)5What is special about the Net City according to Ward?ALeaving plenty of spaces empt
19、y.BPutting people and environment first.CAvoiding using modern technology.DFocusing on economic development.(A)6Which of the following best explains the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 6?AEase.BIncrease.CRemove. DStrengthen.(B)7What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?AEmphasi
20、ze the topic of the passage.BAdd some background information.CSummarize the previous paragraphs.DGive an argument to support the opinion.答案及解析：【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了建造智能城市的目的、背景和它对人类以及环境的好处。4C细节理解题。由第三段的“Net City is a model for the future of city building”可知，Net City是一个未来城市建筑的典范，故选C项。5B推理判断题。由第四段和第五段可推测，Ward
21、认为Net City的特殊之处在于，关注人类健康(good for overall human health)和环境(a more environmentallyfriendly lifestyle), 故选B项。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The past thirty years 1_has_seen_(see) the rapid growth of the Internet. Compared to the 1980s, there are now many more computers 2_connected_ (connect)
22、 to the Internet.People hold different views about the future of cyberspace. Some pessimistic experts have a lot of worries, one of 3_which_is crime in cyberspace. In the future, terrorists may attack the worlds computers, thus causing chaos to 4_us_(we) human beings.Many other people, on 5_the_othe
23、r hand, are full of optimism about the future of the Internet. “In the future，” says Angela Rossetto of Cyberia magazine, “it is clear that we are going to see a huge development in shopping on the Internet. We will have 6_entertainment(s)_ (entertain) from the Internet and that television will prob
24、ably 7_disappear_(appear).”Some experts say virtual reality, the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make us feel as if we are 8_in_a real situation, will become a part of future life. “9_Personally_(person), I believe we will work in virtual offices, shop in virtual supermarkets, 10_and_
25、we will even study in virtual schools，” says Australian expert Peter Anderson.答案及解析：【语篇解读】文章介绍了人们对未来网络空间的不同看法。有人担忧网络犯罪而很多人对互联网的未来充满乐观。一些专家说，虚拟现实将成为未来生活的一部分。1has seen考查时态。由the past thirty years可知，用现在完成时。这里的三十年看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 2connected考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句为there be句型，故所给词为非谓语动词， connect与其逻辑主语computers是
26、被动关系，用过去分词作定语表被动。3which考查定语从句。引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词worries，且作空前of的宾语，故填which。4us考查人称代词。 cause sth to sb 意为“给某人带来”，to是介词，后接人称代词的宾格。 5the考查冠词。on the other hand是固定搭配，意为“从另一方面来说”，用于引出相对照的另一观点。故填the。6entertainment(s)考查名词。 动词have后作宾语，用名词形式，故填entertainment，entertainment意为“娱乐活动；娱乐节目”既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。 7disapp
27、ear考查谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处指未来电视会消失，且位于will后，故填disappear。 8in考查介词。 in a real situation意为“在真实的情境中”。 9Personally考查副词。位于句首，修饰一整句话，用副词形式作状语， personally意为“就我个人来说”。10and考查连词。 此处we will work in virtual offices，(we will) shop in virtual supermarkets 和 we will even study in virtual schools是并列关系，故填and。.写作假定你是李华。某英文报社
28、正在举行主题为“畅想科技未来：你心中的2050”的征文活动，鼓励同学们想象科技将如何改变生活、工作和休闲方式。请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。注意：1词数80左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数；2可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。One possible version: Can you imagine how science and technology will change our life in 2050?With science and technology used in every aspect of life at that time，well live in a greene
29、r world with trees，birds, flowers，blue skies and sunshine. And well be able to arrange things like meals，bathing and sleep with our smart phones. Robots will be able to do most of the housework for us.As for work，well mostly work at home，communicating ideas for work online. If necessary，well have video meetings with our partners around the world.During our free time，well be able to travel to places of interest in new vehicles like flying cars. Well even enjoy space trips to the moon and other planets.
