1、返回目录 A taste of English humour Unit 3 返回目录 Section Grammarv.ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析英语中的非谓语动词形式现在分词、动名词都是“动词ing”结构(v.ing)，两者用法不同，实际使用中要注意区分。返回目录 一、v.ing 形式作表语ving 形式作表语有两种不同的含义：1说明主语的内容。(此时为动名词)Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净。
2、The real question is getting to know the needs of the students.真正的问题是了解学生的需求。返回目录 2说明主语具有的特征。(此时为现在分词)The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令人困惑。It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.看到了世界上其他地方找不到的动植物真是令人惊讶。返回目录【提示】v.ing 形式与动词不定式作主语、表语或宾语的区别：一般说来，v.in
3、g 形式表示一般性、习惯性或抽象性的动作，时间概念不强；动词不定式表示的动作往往是具体的或一次性的动作，特别是将来的动作。Smoking is forbidden here.这里禁止吸烟。(泛指)Its not good for you to smoke so much.吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。(具体)返回目录 二、v.ing形式作定语1单个的v.ing形式一般作前置定语，一般有两种含义。(1)说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。(此时为动名词)a reading rooma room for reading阅览室running shoesshoes for running跑鞋a working m
4、ethoda method of working工作方法返回目录 a sewing machine缝纫机a swimming pool游泳池a drawing board画板a dining car餐车返回目录(2)表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近于一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可以表示经常性的动作或当时的状态。(此时为现在分词)developing countriescountries that are developing发展中国家an ordinarylooking housea house that looksordinary看起来很普通的房子apuzzlingp
5、roblem aproblemthatpuzzles返回目录 boiling waterwater that is boiling正在沸腾的水a sleeping babya baby that is sleeping熟睡的婴儿a barking doga dog that is barking狂吠的狗返回目录 2作定语的 v.ing 形式如果是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面。(此时为现在分词)The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.装着醋的那个瓶子应送到实验室去。The book being discus
6、sed a lot will be published next month.人们谈论很多的那本书将于下个月出版。返回目录 3有些情况下，v.ing形式不能用来作定语，必须使用定语从句。(1)作定语的v.ing形式表示的动作要与主句谓语的动作同时发生，如两者不能同时发生，则需使用定语从句。【误】The professor coming here yesterday willgive us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterday willgive us a lecture.返回目录(2)v.ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语，不作定语
7、。【误】The temple having been destroyed by theearthquake will be rebuilt soon.【正】The temple which has been destroyed by theearthquake will be rebuilt soon.被地震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。返回目录 三、v.ing 形式作宾语补足语1v.ing 形式可以在 see,hear,notice,watch,feel,smell,look at,listen to,observe,find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词(短语)后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词
8、一起构成复合宾语。We heard the children shouting upstairs.我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。返回目录 I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got out of the car.我下车的时候注意到一个男人正从银行里跑出来。I felt my heart beating violently.我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。返回目录 2v.ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区别。在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官动词后，既可用v.ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语，两者
9、之间有一定的区别。用v.ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不带to的不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。返回目录 He saw a girl getting in the car.(She was getting in the car.)他看见一个女孩儿在上汽车。He saw a girl get in the car and drive off.(She got in the car and drove off.)他看见一个女孩儿上了车并驾车离开了。返回目录【提示】如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常用不带to 的不定式来表示，不用 v.ing 形式。I saw him enter
10、 the room,sit down and light a cigarette.我看见他走进房间，坐了下来，点燃了一根香烟。返回目录 3v.ing 形式可以在 have,get,leave,keep,set,catch 等表示“致使”的动词后作宾语补足语。They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.他们不应该让我们猜测他们下一步要做什么。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。We kept the fire burning all night lo
11、ng.我们让火烧了一晚上。返回目录 4v.ing 形式可以在 with 的复合结构中作宾语补足语。I couldnt do my homework with the noise going on.噪音不断，我没法写作业。返回目录.单句语法填空1 Greatattentionhasbeenpaidtotheenvironmentalissues_(arise)fromChinas population growth and economic development.解析 句意：由中国人口增长和经济发展造成的环境问题已经引起了人们的极大关注。现在分词作后置定语，相当于一个主动语态的定语从句。课末随
12、堂演练arising 返回目录 2 (2019 全 国 卷)Whenwegotacall_(say)she was shortlisted,we thoughtit was a joke.3Samsentmeane-mail,_(express)his deep apologies for nothaving attended my wedding.解析 句意：Sam给我发了一封邮件，表达了他对未能参加我的婚礼的深沉歉意。saying expressing 返回目录 4The man with a phone in hand was noticed_(walk)around the shop
13、anxiously.解析 句意：有人注意到那个手里拿着手机的男人在商店周围焦虑地走来走去。5 Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimself_(lie)in the hospital and didnt rememberanything.解析 句意：当他醒来的时候，他发现自己躺在医院里，并且什么也记不起来了。walking lying 返回目录 6(2017北京卷)The national park has a largecollectionofwildlife,_(range)frombutterflies to elephants.7He feels it dangerous fo
14、r a girl to be out late atnightsohewonthavehisdaughter_(arrive)home late.解析 句意：他认为对于一个女孩来说，晚上在外面太晚很危险，所以他不允许他的女儿太晚回家。ranging arriving 返回目录 8Peter doesnt like his roommate because he hasastrangehabitofsleepingwiththelight_(burn).解析 句意：Peter不喜欢他的室友，因为他有亮着灯睡觉的怪癖。9It is _(shock)to hear that thegirl has
15、been in hospital for five months after fallingdown on the floor.解析 句意：令人震惊的是，这个女孩摔倒在地板burning shocking 返回目录 10(2015浙江卷)Listening to music at home isonething,goingtohearit_(perform)liveisquiteanother.being performed 返回目录.句型转换1The couple works in a nearby town.The houseseems empty most of the time._，t
16、he house seems empty most of the time.(with的复合结构)2I looked up and noticed a snake.Its winding itsway up the tree to catch its breakfast.IlookedupandnoticedasnakeWith the couple working in a nearby town winding its way up the tree 返回目录 3Last night,millions of people were watching theopening ceremony
17、live on TV.Lastnight,_theopening ceremony live on TV.(there be结构)4Theres a note pinned to the door,which sayswhen the shop will open again.Theresanotepinnedtothedoor.there were millions of people watching saying when the shop will open again 返回目录 5Today there are more airplanes.They carrymore people
18、 than ever before in the skies.Todaytherearemoreairplanes_ _ in the skies.carrying more people than ever before 返回目录.语法与写作1聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。The boys _are my classmates.2正在被设计的体育馆将是我们城市最大的一个。The stadium _ now will bethe biggest one in our city.gathering at the school gate being designed 返回目录 3他的缺点之一是爱撒谎。One of his weaknesses is _.4所有的歌迷一起歌唱，他感到如此的骄傲。With _，he feltso proud.5不要让学生整天学习。Dont_allday.telling lies all the fans singing together have the students studying
